第3單元 詞義的選擇

單元詞義的選擇

2021/6/271一課前練筆27翻譯方法講解27不同譯文鑒賞34商務(wù)詞匯摘譯35翻譯練習(xí)362021/6/272一課前練筆Itisnotsurprising,then,thattheworldsawareturnto

afloatingexchangeratesystem.Centralbankswerenolongerrequiredtosupporttheirowncurrencies.Floatingpolicyisofgreatimportanceforexport

trade;itis,infact,aconvenientmethodofinsuringgoodswhereanumberofsimilarexporttransactionsareintended,e.g.wheretheinsuredhastosupplyanoverseasimporterunder

anexclusivesalesagreementormaintainssalesrepresentativesorsubsidiarycompaniesabroad.2021/6/273參考譯文這樣，世界各國(guó)又恢復(fù)浮動(dòng)匯率制度也就不足為奇了。而各國(guó)中央銀行也不再要求維持各自貨幣的匯價(jià)了。統(tǒng)保單對(duì)出口貿(mào)易至關(guān)重要。實(shí)際上，它是給貨物保險(xiǎn)的便利辦法。只要所進(jìn)行的是幾種類似的出口貿(mào)易就可以采取這種方法。類似的出口貿(mào)易，如：被保險(xiǎn)方根據(jù)獨(dú)家經(jīng)銷協(xié)議向國(guó)外進(jìn)口方提供貨物，或在國(guó)外委任銷售代表，或在國(guó)外設(shè)立附屬公司。2021/6/274值得注意的詞匯：floatingexchangerate浮動(dòng)匯率floatingpolicy統(tǒng)保單theworldsawareturnto=theworldwitnessedareturnto世界各國(guó)又恢復(fù)了……世界各國(guó)又回到……的狀況exporttrade出口貿(mào)易exporttransactions出口貿(mào)易/交易exclusivesalesagreement獨(dú)家經(jīng)銷協(xié)議salesrepresentatives銷售代表subsidiarycompanies附屬公司under

根據(jù)、依據(jù)2021/6/275二翻譯方法講解（一）注意區(qū)分詞語(yǔ)使用的是常用意義還是專業(yè)意義。（二）一詞多義時(shí)，根據(jù)句子的前言后語(yǔ)來(lái)確定其意義。（三）選擇詞義時(shí)，注意詞義的感情色彩。（四）選擇詞義時(shí)，注意詞義的語(yǔ)體色彩。（五）選擇詞義時(shí)，所選詞語(yǔ)要符合邏輯和所描寫的客觀世界。（六）選擇詞義時(shí)，要注意前言后語(yǔ)搭配得當(dāng)。（七）選擇詞義時(shí)，注意增譯，使得譯文更為充分、流暢。（八）選擇詞義時(shí)，注意凝練，使得譯文簡(jiǎn)潔。（九）選擇詞義時(shí)，注意引申，使得譯文達(dá)意。2021/6/276翻譯實(shí)例1：專業(yè)意義A.Theclaim

concerningthequalityofthecommodityshallbelodgedwithin30daysafterarrivalofthecargoattheportofdestination.譯文：對(duì)貨物質(zhì)量的索賠須于貨物抵達(dá)目的港之日起30日內(nèi)提出。2021/6/277B.Notonlyapanicrunonbanks,butsnowballingdepositcancellationcouldtriggeranominouschainreactionleadingtoafinancialcrisis.譯文：不僅僅是在各家銀行所發(fā)生的恐慌性擠兌，還有那滾雪球般的取消存款，都有可能引發(fā)導(dǎo)致金融危機(jī)的不良連鎖反應(yīng)。2021/6/278C.Allsevenmajorbankinggroupsreportedafter-taxlossesforasecondconsecutivebusinessyear

intheirfiscal2010earningreportsduetotheburdenofdisposingofbadloansandslumpingstockmarkets.譯文：由于處理不良貸款以及股市下挫等負(fù)擔(dān)，所有七大銀行集團(tuán)在其2010財(cái)政業(yè)績(jī)報(bào)表中，均報(bào)告在連續(xù)第二個(gè)的會(huì)計(jì)年度出現(xiàn)了稅后虧損。2021/6/279翻譯實(shí)例2：一詞多義Depositsare,sotospeak,unsecuredcredit

heldbythepeopleandkeptatfinancialinstitutions.譯文：這么說(shuō)來(lái)，存款就是人們手中持有的并且放在金融機(jī)構(gòu)里的沒(méi)有擔(dān)保的債權(quán)。Heboughtthefurnitureoncredit.譯文：他就是靠賒賬買下那件家具的。ThereisnofinancialriskinsellingtoEastEuropeancountriesoncredit.譯文：向東歐各國(guó)賒銷是沒(méi)有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的。TheamountoftheminimumroyaltypaidbytheCompanytoLicensorwillbecreditedagainstthepaymentofrunningroyaltyaccruingunderthisagreement.譯文：該公司支付給許可方的最低特許權(quán)使用費(fèi)的總金額將從根據(jù)本協(xié)議而增值的變動(dòng)專利權(quán)稅支付款項(xiàng)中扣除。2021/6/2710Itispossiblethatmoreofthecompany’sstoreswillbeclosed.譯文：這家公司有更多的商店很有可能要關(guān)閉了。Pricesofmanymajorcommercialbanksclosedlower,astheyhadinprevioustrading.譯文：正如先前的交易那樣，許多大的商業(yè)銀行的股票價(jià)格收盤低開。Thenumberofbankaccountsthatareclosedcompulsorilyhasbeenincreasingrapidly.譯文：被強(qiáng)制結(jié)清的銀行賬戶數(shù)量一直在快速增長(zhǎng)。

2021/6/2711翻譯實(shí)例3：詞語(yǔ)的感情色彩Aforeignbusinessrepresentative,neitheroverlysympathetictowardChinanoroverlydisposedagainstit,wouldneedtobeconvincedonanumberofscoresbeforehecouldresponsiblycommithisfirmtotakinganequitypositioninaChineseenterprise.譯文：一名外國(guó)企業(yè)代表，如果對(duì)中國(guó)既無(wú)過(guò)分好感，又無(wú)過(guò)分惡意的話，要?jiǎng)诱娓竦貙?shí)施向一家中國(guó)企業(yè)投資入股，就往往需要有一系列評(píng)估數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)幫助他作出最終決定。2021/6/2712Theunderwriterrealizesthisandcertainlydoesnotsetouttomakelifedifficultforhisagencycolleagues.However,hehasajobtodo.Partofthatjobistoensurethatpeoplewhoattempttobuypoliciesbecausetheyexpectto“die”soondonotsucceedinfoolinghimandhiscompany.譯文：核保人如果認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)，當(dāng)然不會(huì)讓他的代理處的同事難堪。然而，他又肩負(fù)著責(zé)任，其責(zé)任之一便是，確保那些因預(yù)計(jì)很快“死亡”而設(shè)法購(gòu)買統(tǒng)保單的人欺騙核保人自己及公司的企圖不會(huì)得逞。2021/6/2713翻譯實(shí)例4：詞語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)體色彩Thehomeofyourdreamsawaitsyoubehindthisdoor.Whetheryourtastebeacountrymanorestate

orapenthouseinthesky,youwillfindthefollowingpagesfilledwiththeworld’smostelegantresidences.譯文：打開這扇門，您就可以領(lǐng)略到您那夢(mèng)寐以求的家。不管您期待的是鄉(xiāng)間宅第，還是摩天大樓的頂屋，接下來(lái)的幾頁(yè)刊印的全是世界上最高雅的住宅供您選擇。2021/6/2714翻譯實(shí)例5：詞語(yǔ)要符合邏輯和所描寫的客觀世界Assumingthelaboratorytestsgowell,andyoucanquoteusacompetitiveprice,we’dcertainlybeabletoplacemoresubstantialordersonaregularbasis.譯文：若實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢測(cè)合格，且你們給我們的報(bào)價(jià)具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，我們一定會(huì)定期大量訂貨。2021/6/2715翻譯實(shí)例6：詞語(yǔ)的前后搭配China’stopindustrialregulatorsaidonTuesdaythatthecountryisunlikelytoseea“doubledip”initseconomyinthesecondhalfofthisyear.譯文：中國(guó)最高產(chǎn)業(yè)監(jiān)督機(jī)構(gòu)本周二表示，今年下半年，中國(guó)不可能出現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)“二次探底”的情況。Duringthetenyears’applicationofWTO,theDisputeSettlementSystemplaysaveryimportantroleinthefieldofinternationaltradedisputesettlements.Asthekeyprocessofthewholesystem,paneljurisdictionwinsmoreandmorerespect.譯文：在世界貿(mào)易組織運(yùn)作的十年間，爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制在國(guó)際貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端解決領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮著非常重要的作用。作為整個(gè)機(jī)制的關(guān)鍵，專家組裁決贏得了越來(lái)越廣泛的尊重。2021/6/2716翻譯實(shí)例7：注意增益，使譯文表達(dá)更為充分、流暢Thechangeinplanresultedfromamisjudgmentonthepartofthefirm’stopmanagementonwhatthecompany’semployeesandbusinesspartnerswanted.對(duì)計(jì)劃進(jìn)行變更，這是由于公司的最高管理層對(duì)公司的雇員及其商業(yè)伙伴到底需要什么作出了錯(cuò)誤的判斷。2021/6/2717翻譯實(shí)例8：注意凝練，使譯文簡(jiǎn)潔Shouldthebuyershavetolodgeaclaimagainstthesellers,itmustbedonewithin30daysafterthearrivalofthetankerattheportofdestination.譯文：若買方向賣方提出索賠，須在油輪抵達(dá)目的港后30天內(nèi)提出。2021/6/2718翻譯實(shí)例9：注意引申，使譯文達(dá)意Inordertoprotectvestedinterestsandinterferewiththeentryofnewbusinesses,somepublicinterestcorporationsbegansettingtheirownstandardsandobligedprivatecompaniestoundergoinspectionsandreceivecertifications.譯文：為了保護(hù)既得利益、干預(yù)新興企業(yè)的加入，一些公眾利益公司著手制定自己的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，迫使眾多私人企業(yè)接受各種審查、獲取各種認(rèn)證。2021/6/2719三不同譯文的鑒賞Thepurposeofpublicrelationsisto

influencepublicopinion

towardbuildinggoodwillandpositivereputationfortheorganization,andwell-executedpublicrelationsisalong-termactivitythatmoldsgoodrelationshipsbetweenanorganizationanditspublics.譯文一：公共關(guān)系的目的是為了對(duì)公眾輿論產(chǎn)生影響，為某一單位樹立良好的形象和聲譽(yù)；建立良好的、有效的公共關(guān)系是一種長(zhǎng)期行為，這種行為有助于在一個(gè)單位和它的公眾群體之間形成良好的關(guān)系。譯文二：公共關(guān)系的目的是針對(duì)就某一機(jī)構(gòu)建立起善意和正面信譽(yù)的公眾輿論而施加影響。順暢的公共關(guān)系是一項(xiàng)塑造一個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)同其公眾之間良好關(guān)系的長(zhǎng)期活動(dòng)。2021/6/2720Mostnotably,ChinahasavoidedthelargeoutputdeclinesandseveremacroeconomicinstabilitythathavetendedtocharacterizethetransitionexperiencesincentralandEasternEuropeandSovietUnion.譯文一：最值得注意的是，中國(guó)避免了發(fā)生大滑坡和宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的嚴(yán)重不穩(wěn)定性，生產(chǎn)的大滑坡和宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的嚴(yán)重不穩(wěn)定性曾經(jīng)是中、東歐以及蘇聯(lián)經(jīng)濟(jì)過(guò)渡時(shí)期的特點(diǎn)。譯文二：最值得注意的是，中國(guó)已經(jīng)避免了出產(chǎn)量的大面積衰退以及在宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的嚴(yán)重不穩(wěn)定性，而這種情況可謂正是中歐、東歐以及蘇聯(lián)在歷經(jīng)過(guò)渡時(shí)期時(shí)的特點(diǎn)。2021/6/2721Thedevelopedcountriesarerichinskilledworkforceandcapitalresources,sotheycanconcentrateonproducingmanytechnology-intensiveproductssuchascomputer,aircrafts,andsoon.譯文一：發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家擁有大量的熟練勞動(dòng)力和資本，所以他們能集中生產(chǎn)很多密集型的產(chǎn)品，比如計(jì)算機(jī)、飛機(jī)等。譯文二：發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家擁有豐富的熟練勞動(dòng)力資源和資本來(lái)源，所以，他們能夠集中生產(chǎn)很多諸如計(jì)算機(jī)、飛機(jī)等技術(shù)密集型產(chǎn)品。2021/6/2722四商務(wù)詞匯摘譯P35-362021/6/2723五翻譯練習(xí)（一）句子翻譯1.Ifacompanyintendstoprovideguaranteetoashareholderoractualcontrollerofthecompany,itshallmakearesolutionthroughtheshareholder’smeetingorshareholder’sconvention.2021/6/2724分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)Ifacompany

intendstoprovide

guaranteetoashareholderoractualcontrollerofthecompany,it

shallmake

aresolution

throughtheshareholder’smeetingorshareholder’sconvention.如果公司想為公司的某個(gè)股東或者實(shí)際控權(quán)人提供擔(dān)保，該公司須通過(guò)股東會(huì)議或股東大會(huì)形成決議。2021/6/27252.Thegovernmentintendstorestructurethedepositinsurancesystemasanewfinancialsafetynetforprotectingsettlementsystems.2021/6/27263.EachoftheseU.S.companiesisattemptingtoofferconvenientservicestocustomersbycenteringontheirstrongbusinesslines.2021/6/27274.Underthesystemofsecuritizationofrealestate,specialpurposecompaniesestablishedbyrealestatefirmsissuesharesinrealestatebyusingthepropertyascollateral.2021/6/27285.TheprimarytaskfacingWTOmembersatthelatestmeetingwastopavethewayforabroadagreementonissuesdiscussedatthetraderoundlaunchedin2001.2021/6/27296.Long-terminterestrateshavesoaredalmostfourfoldinthepastthreemonthsaftertherateshitarecordlowinmid-June.2021/6/27307.Futureprospectsaredim,andanalystsareuncertainwhentheglobalIT-relatedrecessionwillbottomout.2021/6/27318.AnincreasingnumberofJapanesefirms

areseekingtomovenotonlyproductionbases,butalsoresearchanddevelopmentfacilitiestoChina.2021/6/27329.Wemustaddresstheimprovementofemploymentsituation,particularlyinregardtojobsforyoungpeopleandthemismatchbetweenjob-seekersandjobopenings.2021/6/273310.ThegovernmentandtheBankofJapanshouldimplementfurthermeasurestoachieveeconomicexpansionledbydomesticdemand.2021/6/273411.Wearediligentlyworkingtocontinuallyearncustomerloyaltybydevelopingakeenerunderstandingofcustomers’specialneeds.2021/6/273512.Reducingthenumberofhoursofovertimemaynotonlyhelpthoseworkersretain

theirjobs,butalsoincreasejobopenings.2021/6/273613.Everythreemonths,McDonald’sJapanrevisesthepriceofthebeefitimportsfromAustraliaaccordingtotheexchangerate.2021/6/273714.Thenation’sforeignexchangereservestheendofJulyhitarecordhighfortheeighthstraightmonth,rising$11.22fromamonthearlierto$556.84billion.2021/6/273815.Thisyearalone,thenationalconsumeraffairscenterhasreceived279reports

onproblemsrelatedtohealthfoods.2021/6/273916.Thislawrequiresfinancialinstitutionstoconfirmtheidentityofpeopleopeningaccountsandthosemakingfinancialtransactionsofmorethan?2million.2021/6/274017.Itisimportanttoencourageentrepreneurship

throughvariousmeansincludingassistingcorporateventures.2021/6/274118.ThemostimportantissuesintheHouseofRepresentativeelectionareeconomicstimulusmeasuresandmeasurestorevitalizetheeconomy.2021/6/274219.AnincreasingnumberofJapanesediscountstoresandotherretailersimportandselllow-pricedJapanesemusicCDspressed

abroad.2021/6/274320.C