語法填空16篇（上海二模真題）-2024年高考英語語法填空熱點(diǎn)話題終極押題

年高考英語語法填空熱點(diǎn)話題終極押題語法填空16篇（上海二模真題）（2024·上海寶山·二模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Imagineyouareoutfishingonthehighseas-thewindandwaterarecleanandcomfortableandyoubeginbringingupyourfirstcatchoftheday.That'swheneverythinggoeswrong.Yourfishingnetsaretangledup(纏成一團(tuán))inolder,abandonedfishingtool,andyou'reunabletountanglethem.Yourequipment1(ruin),andallofthefishyouhaveworkedsohardtocatcharetrapped.Theywilldie2youareunabletodraworfreethem.Ghostfishinghasclaimedyetanothervictim.Ghostfishingiswhatabandonedfishingtooldoes.Itstillcatchesfish,butnoonebenefits.Trappedfishdieandattractscavengers(清道夫)3alsogetcaught,creatingaviciouscycle.Infact,lostfishingtool,or"ghosttool,"isamong4(great)killersintheoceans.Thistoolfurtherreducesthealreadydecliningnumberoffish.Environmentalagenciesestimatethat10percentofallseawaterlitterislostordesertedfishingtool5(equal)640,000tonseveryyear.Fortunately,theseagenciesareaskingwhythisishappeningandwhat6bedonetostopit.It'snottheintentionofthemajorityoffishermentolosetheirtool.Inmostcircumstancesbadweatheristoblame.Butinothercasesfishermenthrowtheirtoolintheoceanonpurpose,riskingexpensivefines.Buttothem,it'sworththerisk7(free)upspaceonboard,cutfuelcostsoravoidpayinghandlingfees.8equipmentlossisaccidentalornot,astrategyinvolvingtoolidentificationseemstobeapracticalsolution.BymarkingtoolwithelectronictagsandutilizingGPStechnology,ownersaremorelikelytorecoverlosttoolandlesslikelytoabandonit.Currently,ownershipregulationsarereportedlyveryweak.LeadingtheeffortfortaggingfishingtoolandcreatingaccountabilityistheGGTI(GlobalGhostToolInitiative).9(launch)in2015,theGGTIisthefirstorganizationofitskind.It'sbroughttogetheranorganizationofgovernments,fishing-industryexecutives,seafoodcompaniesandnon-profits.Theireffortstogetbackandrecyclethetool10(improve)marineenvironment,protectingfishandfishermen'swayoflife.Ghostfishingposesaseriousthreattothefishingindustryworldwide,andaglobaleffortisneededtosolveit.（2024·上海松江·二模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.RemoteWorkSlowsSeniorHousingMarketRecoveryWiththeriseofremotework,themarketforseniorhousinghasmetwithproblemsinitsrecovery.Onlyafewoldpeoplechoosetoliveinsenior-livingcommunities11thegrowingseniorpopulationandthecancelationofCOVID-19restrictionsoncemakingfamilyvisitsdifficult.12thistrendsuggestsisthatpeople’sshifttoremoteworkcontributestotheslowreboundoftheseniorhousingmarket.Thatis,remoteworkiskeepingmanyolderAmericansfrommovingintosenior-livingcommunitiesoncewarmly13(welcome).Whenmoreadultsbeganworkingremotelyduringthepandemic(流行病),theywereabletocheckinonagingparentseasily—they14takecareoftheirparents’issuesonshortnotice.Expertshavebeenanalyzingthephenomenonindifferentways.Somefoundthatthegreaterflexibilitytocareforparents15(mean)people’sdelayinsendingagedparentstoexpensivesenior-housingaccommodations.Therefore,marketswithhighlevelsofpeopleworkingfromhomeusuallyhavelowersenior-housingoccupancyrates.Otherssaidremoteworkmighthavesomeeffectbutalsopointedtodifferentfactors.Forinstance,manyseniorsthinkthattheirfamilywalletsaregettingthinner,makingsomeofthemreluctant16(send)tosenior-livingcommunities.Theageatwhichpeopleenterseniorhousingisalsoincreasing,17servesasanothersignthatshowspeoplearechoosingtodelaytransitioning.Therisingcostofseniorlivingweighsheavilyonthatdecision.TheCPI(consumer-priceindex)fornursinghomesandadultdayservicesrose4.5%lastMaycomparedwith18inMay,2022.Still,manysenior-housingoperatorsareoptimistic.When19(illustrate)theirpoint,theyshowedanincreaseinthenumberofpeopleturning80yearsoldoverthefollowingyearsandtheactualwealththeyhavecollected.Moreover,theyfindremoteworkarrangementsaredecreasinginsomepartsofthecountry,20employeestherehaveseentheirloweredproductivitywhileworkingfromhome.（2024·上海崇明·二模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.GrandChineseNewYearCelebrationHeldinLondonMorethan700,000peopleinLondonjoinedinacelebrationonFebruary11organizedbytheLondonChinatownChineseAssociationtowelcometheYearoftheDragon.Thecelebrationwasclaimedbytheorganizers21(be)thelargestChineseNewYeareventoutsideAsia.Itstartedat10amwithadiverseparadefeaturingdragondancesanddisplaysoftraditionalChinesecostumes.TheparadestartedfromtheeastofTrafalgarSquareandconcludedonShaftesburyAvenueinChinatown.Duringtheparade,significantattention22(capture)bythetraditionalChinesePuningYinggefolkdance,anationalintangibleculturalheritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))inChina.Thegroupof16dancers,originatingfromtheChaoshanregioninSouthChina’sGuangdongprovince,23theartformoriginated,offeredasensoryculturalfeast(盛宴)tothepeopleoftheUnitedKingdom.Atnoon,theeventreacheditsclimaxonthecenterstageinTrafalgarSquare,withnotablefiguresfromChinaandBritainparticipatingintheeye-dottingceremonyoftwolions,symbolically24(awaken)them.25thelionswereawakened,theyperformedalivelyflyingdance.Performers26(hide)underthecostumesjumpedupanddownon3-meter-highpoles,drawingenthusiasticapplausefromthecrowds.ZhengZeguang,China’sambassador(大使)totheUK,27(address)theattendeesatTrafalgarSquare.Heexpressedgratitudetotheorganizersandartistsformaking28possiblefortheeventtohappen,andextendedwarmwishesofgoodfortuneandadvancefortheYearoftheDragon.SadiqKhan,mayorofLondon,spokehighlyofthecontributionsofLondonersofChineseorigin.“OneofthereasonswhyLondonisthegreatestcityintheworldis29LondonersofChineseoriginhavebeenmakingcontributionstothecity,”hesaid.Themayoralsowarned30tryingto“discourage”friendshipsbetweenChinaandtheUK.Inadditiontothelivelyparadeandstageperformances,therewereculturalworkshops,interactivegames,andfoodstandssetuparoundTrafalgarSquare.（2024·上海虹口·二模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.NoFilmingatConcertsandMovieTheatersonPhones“Please,noflashphotography.”Politerequestslikethiscanbefoundinmuseumsallovertheworld,buttheygenerallydon’tdiscouragepeoplefromtakingphotosof31theyfeellike.Thesamegoesforconcerts,movietheatersandotherplaces32peopleroutinelyignorefilmingrestrictions.AnewpatentfromApplemayblockthatrule-breakingfeature—onphonesatleast.Thepatent,33(award)toAppletoday,outlinesasystemwhichwouldallowvenues,likeconcerthallsortheaters,touseaninfraredemitter(紅外發(fā)射器)toremotelydisablethecamerafunctiononsmartphones.Accordingtothepatent,infraredbeamscouldbepickedupbythecamera,andinterpretedbythesmartphoneasacommand34(block)theuserfromtakinganyphotosorvideos.Manymusiciansandperformershavebannedcellphonesfromtheirshows35theyobjecttothefreefootagecirculatingaroundtheweb.36this,imagesstillmanagetoleakout.Prince’slastconcertbeforehepassedawayinAprilwassupposedtobecellphone-free—itapparentlywasn’t.IfApple’spatent37(introduce)intoiPhonesoftware,withvenuesputtinginfraredemittersaroundtheirstage,leakslikethiscouldpotentiallystophappening.Butthepatentalsoraisesquestionsaboutthesortofpowerthatthistechnologywouldbehandingoverto38withmoreimmoralintentions.Giventhecompany’srigidsupportofpersonalprivacywhenitcomestopolicerequeststobreakintousers’devices,it’spossiblethatApplejust39(patent)thetechnologysothatnooneelsewilluseit.Butwhoknows,ifitdoesintendtointroducethisfeaturetofutureoperatingsystems,salesofcamcorders,orevenGoPros,couldgetamuch-neededboost,aspeopletrytoavoid40(use)theprohibitivesoftware.（2024·上海金山·二模）Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherent.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword.Fortheotherblanks,fillineachblankwithoneproperword.Makesurethatyouranswersaregrammaticallycorrect.DNAanalysisrevealstwowavesofmigrationTheresultsofthestudy,publishedintheScienceBulletin,revealedtwomajormigrationwavesinhistory.Inthispioneeringstudy,scientistsfromFudanUniversity41(dig)intotheancientDNAofindividualsburiedinGansuprovince,revealinginterestinginsightsintothegeneticmakeupofHexiCorridorresidentsdatingbackover12centuries.TheresearchemployedancientDNAdata42(explore)humanmigrationalongtheHexiCorridor.TheHexiCorridor,wasanarrowyetcruciallink43(connect)theheartlandofancientChinatotheWesternTerritory.Characterizedbyitsloftymountainsanddeserts,theancientpathwaywasdottedwithcities44(found)alongshortrivers.Historicaldocumentsattest(證實(shí))totheHexiCorridor’ssignificanceasacrossroads45WesternandEasterncivilizationsmixedthroughtrade,religionandoccasionalconflictsfollowingtheestablishmentoftheSilkRoadduringtheHanDynasty.46technologicaladvancesinbiologyopennewavenuesforexploration,archaeologistsareincreasinglydrawntoanalyzingDNAsamples.LedbyWenShaoqingfromFudanUniversity’sInstituteofArchaeologicalScience,theteamsuccessfullyextractedDNAdata47theteethandbonesfoundattwositesnearDunhuang.TheDNAanalysispinpointedtwooutliers(異常樣本)datingtotheWeiDynastyandtheTang.Furtherexaminationrevealedonehadapproximately50percentwesternEurasianancestryand

4830percent,suggestingtheindividualswerelikelydescendantsofunionsbetweenwesternEurasianwomenandlocalmen.49theteamconcludedwasthatthegeneticmixcouldbepartiallyattributedtothosemigrations.Expertssaidthesecondmajormigrationperiod

50(mark)byasignificantshiftinthegenepool.HistoricalrecordssaymigrationfacilitatedbyChineseexplorerZhangQian’svisittotheWesternTerritoryfrom138BCresultedinthecreationoftheSilkRoad.（2024·上海黃浦·二模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WalkingandUsingaPhoneisBadforYourHealthSpendtimeonanycrowdedsidewalkandyou’llseeheadsbentoverandeyescastdownward.Onerecentstudyofcollegestudentsfoundthataquarterofpeoplecrossingintersections51(absorb)inadevice.Thatscreeninyourhandisn’tjustdistractingyourattention.Italsochangesyourmood,yourmannerofwalkingandetc.—andaffectsyourabilitytogetfrompointAtopointB52runningintotrouble.Whenyouwalkanduseaphoneatthesametime,youautomaticallyadjust53youmove.Videofootageofwalkershasshownthatpeopleonphoneswalkabout10percentslowerthanthoseundistractedones.Thesechangescanblocktrafficonthesidewalk.And54walkingmakesupabigportionofyourdailyphysicalactivity,walkingmoreslowlymayhaveimpactsforyourfitness.Lookingdownatasmartphonewhilewalkingcanalsoincreasetheamountofforce55(place)ontheneckandupperbackmuscles,whichcouldreducebalanceandincreasetheriskoffalls.It’snowwidelyacceptedthatwalkinginnaturalspacesisgoodforyourmentalhealth.Itappearsthat56(get)thesebenefits,it’simportantthatyourattentionisontheenvironment,ratherthanonyourphone.Mostofusunderstandthatwalkingandusingaphonecanberisky.Somecities,likeHonolulu,57(pass)lawstocontroldistractedwalkers.Butresearchonthosedangershasturnedupsomesurprises.Onestudyhaslookedattheconnectionbetween“phone-relateddistractedwalking”andemergencydepartmentvisits.Usinggovernmentdata58(extend)overtheyears2011to2019,theresearchersturnedupnearly30,000walkinginjuriesoccasionedbyphones.Ifyou’redistractedbyaphone,you’redefinitelyputting59atsomerisk.Sohowdoyoustaysafe?Ifyoudowalkanduseyourdeviceatthesametime,stopwhenyou’rearoundstairs,crosswalksandmessyorunevenground,60accidentsaremorelikelytooccur.（2024·上海普陀·二模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WhatIfYou’reNotGoodatEnglish?ResearcherswhosefirstlanguageisnotEnglishcanspendaroundtwiceaslongreadinganEnglishscientificjournalarticleasnativespeakers.ForaPhDstudent,thatcanmean61(spend)upto19additionalworkingdaysperyearjustreadingpapers.Thesestatistics,62(publish)todayinPLOSBiology,mightnotbeshocking,researcherssay,butit’simportanttomeasuretheeffectsoflanguagebarriersonthecareersofacademics

63arenotfluentinEnglish.“Itisthefirststepforthescientificcommunity

64(make)moreeffortstosolvethisproblem”,saysTatsuyaAmano,abiodiversityresearcherattheUniversityofQueenslandinBrisbane,Australia,andaco-authorofthestudy.TheteamfoundthatamongscientistswhohadpublishedonlyonepaperinEnglish,scientistsfromcountries

65Englishisgenerallypoorspent29.8percentmoretimewritingpapersthannativeEnglishspeakers;66fromcountrieswithmoderateEnglishproficiency(能力)spent50.6%moretime.Similarly,theresearchersfoundthatpeoplefromcountrieswithlowEnglishproficiencyspentanaverageof90.8percentmoretimereadingscientificarticles

67nativeEnglishspeakers.Atconferences,eventhosewhoovercomeobstaclesfacedifficultiesinpresentingtheirworkinEnglish.GermanaBarata,aresearcherwho68(specialize)insciencecommunicationattheStateUniversityofCampinasinBrazil,saysthatdespitebeingfluentinEnglish,shestillfeelsuncomfortableattimes.“We

69(give)thesameamountoftimetopresent,butallthatwecansayin10minutesisdifferentfrom

70anativespeakercansay,”shepointsout.（2024·上海嘉定·二模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TheDayISurvivedIthadbeenrainingbucketsthatweek,andauthoritieshadissuedafloodwarning,thoughnotforwhereIwas.Still,Ihadplacedsandbagsontheflooroutsidemygardendoorjustincase.AsIwasdriftingofftosleep,Isuddenlyheardthesoundofrushingwater,71Iwerelyingbesideawaterfallinsteadofinmybedroom.WhenI72(swing)mylegsoffthebed,Iwasshockedbythesensationofcoldwaterlappingagainstmykneesandrisingfast.73(feel)mywayinthedarkness,Igrabbedmyphoneandturnedontheflashlight.AsIsteppedoutofmybedroom,waterwasshootingthroughthegapsofthegardendoor.Thewater74havegoneoverthesandbags,Ithought.Allaroundme,mythingsbegantofloat:chairs,bookshelves,andpiecesofmydrumset.Iheardthegardendoorstartingtobreakdown75thepressureoftheflood,andthewaterwasnowuptomywaist.Ibegantopanic.Inbarefeetandwithmyshorts76(glue)tomybody,Istartedtowalktomyonlyescape:thedoorthatleadsupstairs.Istruggledtothedoorandtriedtopullitopen,buttheforceofthewaterwouldn’tletmedoso.Ilookedaroundandgrabbedabroom77wasfloatingbehindme.Usingittopry(撬)openthedoor,Imanagedtomakeagapofaboutafoot,justwideenough78(force)myselfthrough.Finally,Imadeitoutside.IfIhadwokenupjustafewminuteslater,Iwouldhavedrowned.Theentireneighborhoodwasdestroyedbytheflood.Later,we79(assure)thatsomethinglikethishappensonlyonceevery100years.Ihopeso.Itpainsmetosee80wasoncealovely,cozystreetnowturnsintoawaterscape.（2024·上海徐匯·二模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.AFrenchbakeryhasbecomeatouristattractioninNanpingtownship,whichispartofZhuhai,acoastalcityinGuangdongprovince.PapaRomantic,locatedinBeishancommunity,attractsalargenumberofChineseandforeignersalike.After81(taste)thebakery’sbread,someChinesestudentswhohavereturnedfromabroadhaveexpressedadmiration,whileforeignerswholivedinZhuhaibutmovedtootherChinesecitiessuchasBeijing82(continue)tohavebreadandpastriesfromtheshop83(ship)tothem.ThebakeryisawelcomingenvironmentforthosewhowanttositandenjoyauthenticFrenchcuisine.Ononesideisawell-preservedoldancestralhall,andontheothersidearelushtreesthatprovideshade84thesun.Theshophasabrightstorefront,andthearomaofthebread,thealuminumtablesandthechairsundersunumbrellasdisplayapeacefulatmosphereawayfromthehustleandbustle.AtPapaRomantic,thebest-sellingitemsincludebaguettes,croissants,sandwiches,crepesandcookies.Inaddition,someuniquetreatssuchasfigbreadandcolorfulmacronsarealsopopularamongyoungcustomers.OwnerandbakerRonanSalaun,85comesfromtheBrittanyregionofFrance,saidtheingredientsathisbakery86(import),andherefusestousechemicalsoradditivesinhisfood.87hisfriendsreturntoFrance,theyknowtheyneedtobringhimsomecrystalsaltfromanaturalsaltpondinFrance.TheblackpepperheusescomesfromMadagascar.“Simplethingsareimportant,andthequalityofsaltandpeppermakesabigdifference,”Salaunsaid.WhileremainingtruetohisFrenchroots,hehasalsotakenintoconsiderationthedietaryhabitsofChinesepeople.“Chineselocalsprefersoftcrustbread,whileFrenchlikethecrustyone.Isellbothkinds.Ican’tjustmaintaintheoriginalcharacteristics;Imustadapttolocals’preferences,”hesaid.Aformermechanicalengineer,Salaun,wassentbyaHongKongcompanytoworkatafurniturefactoryinWanzaitownship,Zhuhai,inNovember2000.Hesaidhecouldn’thaveimaginedhowmuchhislifewouldchangewiththatmove.Atthattime,Wanzaiwasatinytown88(border)Macaoknownforitsflowertrade.ForSalaun,lifeinWanzaiseemedsimpleandrustic.Heremembers89whenhewantedtotakeabath,hehadtoheatthewaterupwithfirewoodandthentransportthewaterinabuckettothebathtub.Althoughthelivingandworkingconditionswerenotasfavorableas90abroad,SalaungrewtoloveZhuhai,whichislocatedatthemouthofthePearlRiver.（2024·上海奉賢·二模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.AreYouReadytoHugaRobot?Gettinghuggedtendstobeapowerfulpositiveemotionalexperience.Hugshavebeenshowntoenhancesocialbondingandemotionalwell-being.However,noteveryonecangetahug91theyneedone.Somepeoplearelonelyanddonothaveanyonetohugthem.Othersmaybeinlong-distancerelationships92itisnoteasytogetphysicalaffectionfromtheirpartner.Inthiscase,they93receivefewerhugsthantheylike.Howcanthisproblembesolved?94scientistshaveproposedistodevelophugrobots.Thiscouldofferlonelypeoplethepositiveeffectsofgettinghuggedwithouttheneed95(seek)apersonwhocouldhugthem.Nevertheless,designingahugrobotisnotaneasytask.Forexample,iftherobotisverylargeandmademostlyofmetal,peoplemightbefrightenedofit,96happilyhuggingit.Therefore,psychologicalresearchisneeded.Anewstudy,which97(publish)inInternationalJournalrecently,focusesonthedevelopmentofMoffuly-II,anewlydevelopedhugrobot,whichcanmoveitsarmstoperformdifferentsmallgesturesduringthehug.Whentwopeoplehug,theyoftendospecificthingswiththeirhands,suchasclappingthe98(hug)persononthebacktosignalsympathy.Itisimportantthatahugrobotcanperformsimilargestures,too.Inthestudy,thescientistswantedtoknowwhetherthesegestureswouldmakearobothug99(appealing).VolunteerswhoMoffully-Ilhuggedgenerallypreferredhugswithgesturestogesture-lesshugs.Theyfeltthattherobotwasmorefriendlywhen100(perform)gestures.Thefindingsofthestudyindicatethatitispossibletodesignarobotthatpeopleenjoytohug.Detailsmatterhere,astheintra-huggesturesplayedasignificantroleindetermininghowmuchthehumanvolunteersenjoyedthehug.（2024·上海青浦·二模）Directions:

Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.

Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.NumberofStepsaDayItTakestoCutRiskofEarlyDeathNewresearchsuggestsexactlyhowmanystepsyouneedtotakeeachdaytoreducetheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeath.Ifyou101(fail)inyourpursuitofwalking10,000stepsaday—researchershavesomegoodnewsforyou.Theyfoundwalkingupto10,000stepsadayreducestheserisks.Thelowestriskofearlydeathwas102peoplewhotook9,000to10,500stepsaday.Whenitcametoavoidingheartattack,people103(manage)around9,700stepsadayhadthelowestrisks.Expertshavepreviouslyfoundpeoplewhospendalotoftimesittingwhileawakearemorelikely104(suffer)anearlydeathanddevelopheartdisease.Ithasbeenunclear105walkingcanbalanceouttheeffectsofsittingdownformostoftheday—untilnow.Astudy,publishedintheBritishJournalofSportsMedicine,analyseddatafrom72,174people106(age)around61fromUK.Participantsworeadeviceforsevendaystomeasuretheirexerciselevels.Afteraseven-yearfollow-up,1,633deathsand6,190cardiovascular(心臟血管的)events,suchasheartattack,wererecorded.Theresultsshowedanyamountofdailystepsabove2,200adaywerelinkedtolowerdeathandheartdisease—107therestofthedaywasspentbeinginactive.JulieWard,aseniornurseintheU.K.,said,“Weencouragepeopletostayactivefor108heartandcirculatoryhealthbydoing150minutesofmoderateexerciseaweek.“Thiscanbeanyactivity109fitsintoyourlifestyle,suchastakingregularwalkingbreaksawayfromyourcomputerscreen,goingtothegym,enjoyingexerciseclasses,orevengettingoffthebusonestop110(early)togetmorestepsin.”（2024·上海長寧·二模）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Bob’sproblemsbeganduringhisformativeyears.Hisparentsgotdivorcedwhenhewasyoung,andneitherofhisparentswantedtoraisehimorhisbrotherandsister,sohe111(bring)upbyafosterfamilychosenbyasocialworkerinthecommunity.Unfortunately,hisfosterfatherwasastrictauthoritarianandoftenbeathim.Bobrebelledagainstthisstrictupbringing,andbythetimehewaseightyearsold,he112(run)wild,stealingfromshopsandplayingtruant.Whenhereachedadolescence,sometimearoundhisthirteenthbirthday,hehadalreadyappearedincourtseveraltimes,charged113juvenilecrimes.Thejudgeblamedhisfosterparents,114(explain)thatchildrenneededresponsibleparentsandguardianswhowouldlookafterthemproperly.Thefosterfatherdidn’tagreewiththejudgeandobjectedtothis,pointingoutthatBob’stwobrothersandsisterwerewell-adjustedchildrenwhobehavedathomeandworkedwellatschool.Thishasraisedsomeinterestingquestionsaboutthemodernfamilysystem.115itistruethatparentsshouldnotbetoolenientwithchildrenbylettingthemdo116theywant,117tooover-protectivebyshelteringthemfromtherealitiesoflife,itisalsotruethattheyshouldnotbetoostrict.Ithasalsohighlightedthedisadvantagesofthemodernnuclearfamily118thechildhas