備戰(zhàn)2023高考英語沖刺模擬試卷(十)(解析版)

備戰(zhàn)2023高考英語沖刺模擬試卷（十）第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。(2023·江蘇省泰州市·模擬題)ATheYoungScholarsProgram

TheUniversityofMaryland'sYoungScholarsProgramisaperfectsummercampforacademicallytalentedteenagerswhowanttoearncollegecredits,pursueacademicinterestsordiscovercollegelifeattheUniversityofMaryland.Theprogramischallengingandrewarding.Studentshavetheopportunitytoshowthattheycanbesuccessfulinauniversityenvironment.TheActivities

Duringthreeweeksofexploration,teenspreviewtheuniversityexperience,studywithstudentswhosharesimilarinterestsandcommunicatewiththebestteachersoftheUniversityofMarylandinadynamicandchallengingclassroomenvironment.StudentscanhavetripstonearbyWashington,DCandenjoymovienightsandactivitiesatthestudentunion.Workshopsandseminarsfeaturingspeakersinacademicfieldsfurtherenrichthelearningexperience.TheCourses

TheYoungScholarsProgramofferscollegecoursesthatareatthecuttingedgeoftheory,thoughtandtechnology.ClassesgenerallymeeteverydayfromMondaytoFriday.TheprogramisagreatintroductiontotheUniversityofMaryland.ParticipantscanbenefitfromtheUniversityofMaryland'svastresources,includinglibraries,computersandinstructionallabs.TheRewards

Uponprogramcompletion,teenswillgohomewithbetterpreparationsforthecollegeexperience-bothacademicallyandsocially.Inaddition,studentsearnthreecollegecreditsthatposttotheUniversityofMarylandtranscript(成績單).TheApplication

Theapplicationprocessincludessubmission(提交)oftheapplication,highschooltranscriptandaletterofrecommendation.Ages:14-18Mailingaddress:TheUniversityofMarylandCollegeParkFormoreinformation,call3014057762.1.WhichisNOTtrueabouttheprogramaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Itisintendedforcollegestudents.

B.Itcanoffercollegecreditsforteens.

C.It'sworthparticipating.

D.Itcanletteensexperiencecollegelifeinadvance.2.Whatcanteensdoduringthreeweeksoftheprogram?A.TheycanlearnfromthebeststudentsoftheUniversityofMaryland

B.TheycanjointhestudentunionoftheUniversityofMaryland.

C.Theycanattendameetingforacademicdiscussion.

D.Theycanattendclasseseveryday.3.Ifyouwanttoapplyfortheprogram,youneed______.A.previewtheuniversityenvironmentaheadoftime

B.takeaparttimejobintheuniversity?slibrary

C.submithighschooltranscript

D.call3014057762tocontacttheuniversityfirst.【答案】A、C、C【知識點】邏輯推理、教育、其他應(yīng)用文、語意轉(zhuǎn)化、正誤判斷【解析】【文章大意】本文為應(yīng)用文。文章詳細(xì)地介紹了青年學(xué)者項目計劃。

1.

根據(jù)第一段中的TheUniversityofMaryland'sYoungScholarsProgramisaperfectsummercampforacademicallytalentedteenagerswhowanttoearncollegecredits,pursueacademicinterestsor...（馬里蘭大學(xué)的青年學(xué)者項目是一個完美的夏令營，對于那些有學(xué)術(shù)才華的青少年來說，他們想要獲得大學(xué)學(xué)分，追求學(xué)術(shù)興趣……）可知，這個項目是為那些想要在馬里蘭大學(xué)獲得學(xué)分，追求學(xué)術(shù)興趣或有學(xué)術(shù)天賦的青少年（而不是大學(xué)生）?？芍狝是錯誤的。故選A。

2.

根據(jù)TheActivities下面一段中的Duringthreeweeksofexploration,...communicatewiththebestteachersoftheUniversityofMarylandinadynamicandchallengingclassroomenvironment.”可知，在三個星期的探索中，青少年在充滿活力和挑戰(zhàn)的課堂環(huán)境中與馬里蘭大學(xué)最好的老師交流。“在充滿活力和挑戰(zhàn)的課堂環(huán)境中與馬里蘭大學(xué)最好的老師交流”就是激烈的討論有關(guān)學(xué)術(shù)方面的內(nèi)容。即是參加學(xué)術(shù)討論。故選C。

3.

根據(jù)Theapplicationprocessincludessubmission(提交)oftheapplication,highschooltranscriptandaletterofrecommendation.（申請過程包括遞交申請書、高中成績單和推薦信。）可知，如果要申請這個項目就要提交高中成績單。故選C。

(2022·遼寧省鐵嶺市·期末考試)B

Analysisofthetrialofthefour-dayworkingweekhasrevealedgreatefficiency,reducedstressandincreasedstaffengagement,fuelinghopesthatabetterwork-lifebalanceforemployeescouldbeinsight.

PerpetualGuardian,aNewZealandfinancialservicescompany,switchedits240stafffromafive-daytoafour-dayweekandmaintainedtheirpay.Productivityincreasedinthefourdayswhentheyworked,sotherewasnodropinthetotalamountofworkdone,astudyofthetrialreleasedonTuesdayrevealed.ThetrialwasmonitoredbyacademicsattheUniversityofAucklandandtheAucklandUniversityofTechnology.Theeight-weekexperimentwascloselywatchedbyemployersandpolicymakersaroundtheworld."Thisisanideawhosetimehascome,"saidAndrewBarnes,PerpetualGuardian'sfounder."Weneedtogetmorecompaniestogiveitago."

Thegovernmenthasconductedastudyofthepossibilityoffour-dayweeks.However,researchpointstothecomplexityofachievingproductivitygainsinmajorindustriessuchasretail(零售),wherebeingpresentisakeypartofthejob.Smallercompaniesexperimentingwithfour-dayworkingweekshavefoundperformancewasbetterinthefirstfewweeksasexcitementabouttheprojecttookhold,beforefallingslightly."Thebiggestconcernisensuringthatthefull-timeintroductionofthepolicydoesn'tleadtoself-satisfaction,asthereisariskthatpeopledproductivitywillslipback,"saidTammyBarker,abranchmanagerwhowaspartofthetrial."Therefore,we'vespentalotoftimemakingsureeverypersonineveryteamhastheirownplanastohowthey'regoingtomaintainandevenimproveproductivity."

AccordingtoJarrodHaar,aprofessorofhumanresourcemanagementattheAucklandUniversityofTechnology,significantlylowerjobstresswasreportedwithfour-dayworkingweeks."Beyondwellbeing,employeesreportedtheirteamswerestrongerandfunctionedbettertogether,moresatisfiedwiththeirjobs,moreengaged,andthattheyfelttheirworkhadgreatermeaning,"hesaid."Itisreallyagreatwaytomakeemployeesbemorecommittedtotheorganizationandlesslikelytolookelsewhereforajob."4.WhatchangestookplaceinPerpetualGuardianduringtheexperiment?A.Thelengthofdailyworkinghours.

B.Theamountofpayperweek.

C.Theefficiencyoftheemployees.

D.Theworkdonepermonth.5.Whatdoesthegovernment'sresearchonthefour-dayworkingweekprobablyreveal?A.Someworkersmaybecomelazy.

B.Thepolicydoesn'tsuitallindustries.

C.Thefour-dayworkingweekwon'twork.

D.Manyemployersdon'tapproveofthetrial.6.HowdidTammyBarkerdealwiththeconcernaboutthepolicy?A.Bymakingplansforeachoftheemployees.

B.Bydividingalltheemployeesintodifferentteams.

C.Byhelpingeveryemployeegetsatisfactionfromthework.

D.Byencouragingeveryemployeetoberesponsiblefortheirplan.7.What'sJarrodHaar'sattitudetowardsthefour-dayworkingweek?A.Unclear. B.Concerned. C.Approving. D.Negative.【答案】C、B、D、C【知識點】語意轉(zhuǎn)化、說明文、新聞報道與社會現(xiàn)象、觀點態(tài)度【解析】【文章大意】文章主要介紹了每周實行四天工作日的利弊。

4.

根據(jù)第二段中的Productivityincreasedinthefourdays...onTuesdayrevealed.（周二公布的一項試驗研究顯示，在他們工作的四天里，工作效率提高了，所以總工作量沒有下降）可知，發(fā)生變化的是員工們的工作效率。故選C。

5.

根據(jù)第三段中的However,researchpointsto...akeypartofthejob.（然而，研究指出了在零售業(yè)等主要行業(yè)實現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)率提高的復(fù)雜性，在這些行業(yè)，在崗是這種工作的關(guān)鍵部分）可知，每周實行四天工作日并不適用于所有行業(yè)。故選B。

3.

根據(jù)第三段中的Therefore,we'vespentalotoftime...andevenimproveproductivity.（因此，我們花了很多時間來確保每個團(tuán)隊中的每個人都有自己的關(guān)于如何保持甚至提高生產(chǎn)力的計劃）可知，TammyBarker鼓勵團(tuán)隊中的每個人都要對自己的計劃負(fù)責(zé)。故選D。

6.

根據(jù)最后一段中的Itisreallyagreatwaytomakeemployeesbemorecommittedtotheorganizationandlesslikelytolookelsewhereforajob.（這確實是一個很好的方式，可以讓員工更忠于公司，不太可能去別處找工作）可推知，JarrodHaar對每周實行四天工作日持支持態(tài)度。故選C。

(2023·廣東省·模擬題)CAnewstudyhasfoundthatachild?sreadingspeedcanbeimprovedbysimplyincreasingthespacebetweenletterswithinapieceoftext.Theresearch,ledbyDrStevenStaggofAngliaRuskinUniversity（ARU）,examinedthebenefitsofletterspacingandcolouredoverlays（顏色標(biāo)注）amongchildren.Twogroupsofchildren,dyslexic（有閱讀障礙的）andnon-dyslexicchildren,wereaskedtoreadfourtextswitheitherstandardorextra-largeletterspacing,bothwithandwithoutacolouredoverlay.Theywereinstructedtoreadthetextoutloudwhilebeingrecorded.Therecordingwasusedtomeasurethenumberoferrorstheymade—specificallymissedwords,addedwords,wrongwords,andpronunciation—aswellastheparticipants?readingtime.Thestudydiscoveredthattextwithincreasedspacebetweenlettersprovidedabenefitforbothgroups.Onaverage,thedyslexiagroupshoweda13%increaseinreadingspeed,whilethegroupofnon-dyslexicchildrenshoweda5%increase.Inadditiontoimprovingreadingspeed,italsoresultedinasignificantdeclineinthenumberofwordsmissedbythechildrenwithdyslexia.However,thestudyfoundthatcolouredoverlayshadnosignificantimpactonreadingspeedorthereductionoferrorsforeithergroup.DrStagg,SeniorLecturerinPsychologyatARU,said:“Webelieveextra-largeletterspacingworksbyreducingwhatisknownasthe‘crowdingeffect?,whichcanhampertherecognitionoflettersandreducereadingspeed.”“Ourfindingsstronglysuggestthatteacherscanbeconfidentthatallchildrenwouldbehelpedbyincreasedletterspacinginreadingmaterials.”DrStaggadded.“Whilewefoundthatcolouredoverlaysprovidedlittlebenefit,wesuggestchildrenshouldbeencouragedtouseoverlaysiftheyfindthesehelptheirreading.Colouredoverlaysmaynotincreasereadingspeeds,buttheymayextendreadingstamina(持久力).Previousresearchsuggeststheirbenefitsmaynotbecomeapparentifreadingtimeislessthan10minutesandtheshortreadingdurationofthetestsinourstudymayhaveputcolouredoverlaysatadisadvantage.8.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheresearchprocessinParagraph2?A.Illustrate,groupandreport. B.Read,instructandmeasure.

C.Question,assumeandprove. D.Categorize,recordandcount.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutincreasedletterspacingfromParagraph3?A.Itreducesreadingerrors.

B.Itsharpensreadingskills.

C.Itarousesreadinginterest.

D.Itenhancesreadingcomprehension.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hamper”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Obtain. B.Prevent. C.Change. D.Involve.11.WhatcanbeinferredaboutcolouredoverlaysfromParagraph5?A.Theymightnothavebeenevaluatedfairly.

B.Theymightnotberecommendedbyexperts.

C.Theymightworkbetterinshortreading.

D.Theymighthavesomedisadvantages.【答案】D、A、B、A【知識點】科普知識、段落大意、邏輯推理、說明文、直接理解、詞義猜測【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，只要增加一篇文章中字母之間的間隔，就可以提高孩子的閱讀速度。

8.

根據(jù)第二段的Twogroupsofchildren，dyslexicandnon-dyslexicchildren，wereaskedtoreadfourtextswitheitherstandardorextra-largeletterspacing，bothwithandwithoutacolouredoverlay.Theywereinstructedtoreadthetextoutloudwhilebeingrecorded.Therecordingwasusedtomeasurethenumberoferrorstheymade-specificallymissedwords，addedwords，wrongwords，andpronunciation-aswellastheparticipants'readingtime.Thestudydiscoveredthattextwithincreasedspacebetweenlettersprovidedabenefitforbothgroups.Onaverage，thedyslexiagroupshoweda13%increaseinreadingspeed，whilethegroupofnon-dyslexicchildrenshoweda5%increase.（兩組兒童，誦讀困難兒童和非誦讀困難兒童，被要求閱讀四篇有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或超大字母間距的文本，有或沒有彩色覆蓋。他們被要求在錄音的同時大聲朗讀課文。這段錄音被用來測量他們所犯錯誤的數(shù)量——特別是漏讀的單詞、加的單詞、錯誤的單詞和發(fā)音——以及參與者的閱讀時間。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，增大字母間距的文本對兩組人都有好處。平均而言，閱讀障礙組的閱讀速度提高了13%，而非閱讀障礙組的閱讀速度提高了5%。）可知，第二段中的研究過程包括分類，記錄和計數(shù)。故選D。

9.

根據(jù)第三段Inadditiontoimprovingreadingspeed，italsoresultedinasignificantdeclineinthenumberofwordsmissedbythechildrenwithdyslexia.（除了提高閱讀速度外，它還顯著減少了患有閱讀障礙的兒童遺漏的單詞數(shù)量。）可知，增加的字母間距減少了閱讀錯誤。故選A。

10.

根據(jù)劃線詞所在的句子Dr

Stagg，Senior

Lecturer

in

Psychology

at

ARU，said："We

believe

extra-large

letter

spacing

works

by

reducing

what

is

known

as

the

'crowding

effect'，which

can

hamper

the

recognition

of

letters

and

reduce

reading

speed."（阿魯大學(xué)心理學(xué)高級講師斯塔格博士說："我們認(rèn)為超大的字母間隔可以通過減少所謂的'擁擠效應(yīng)'來發(fā)揮作用，這種效應(yīng)會阻礙字母的識別，降低閱讀速度。"）可知，劃線詞所在句表示"我們認(rèn)為超大的字母間隔可以通過減少所謂的'擁擠效應(yīng)'來發(fā)揮作用，這種效應(yīng)會阻礙字母的識別，降低閱讀速度"，劃線詞hamper的意思是"阻礙"，和prevent意思相近，A.Obtain.獲得；B.Prevent.阻止；C.Change.改變；D.Involve.涉及。故選B。

11.

根據(jù)最后一段的Previousresearchsuggeststheirbenefitsmaynotbecomeapparentifreadingtimeislessthan10minutesandtheshortreadingdurationofthetestsinourstudymayhaveputcolouredoverlaysatadisadvantage.（之前的研究表明，如果閱讀時間少于10分鐘，它們的好處可能不會顯現(xiàn)出來，而我們研究中測試的短閱讀時間可能會使彩色覆蓋處于不利地位。）可知，彩色覆蓋可能沒有得到公平的評估。故選A。(2023·廣東省·模擬題)DForsomepeople,OctoberisOctober.OnOctober5,KatmaiNationalParkandPreserveinsouthernAlaskakickedoffFatBearWeek,whenfanscomparebeforeandafterphotosofbearstovotefortheonetheythinkhasgainedthemostweightbeforetheybeddownforthelongfreezingwinter.Bear747,alsoknownas“BearForceOne”,tookthefirst-placespotwith68,105votes.Itweighedaround1,400pounds.FatBearWeekstartedin2014.Atfirst,itwasjustFatBearTuesday.MikeFitz,aformerparkkeeperatKatmai,noticedthatlivewebcamsshowingthebearsgeneratedalotofonlinecomments,soheletpeoplevotefortheirfavoritefatbearontheInternet.Theone-dayeventattracted1,700votes.In2015,itwasextendedtoaweek.Lastyear,nearly800,000peoplegotinvolved,turningitintoaglobalcampaign.Thecontestservestwomainpurposes.First,someofAmerica?snationalparksareinremoteandundevelopedareas,whicharedifficultorcostlytoreach.FatBearWeekbringsAlaska?swildernesstofans?computerscreens.“It?snotlimitedtothefortunatefewwhocangototheriveranymore.”Fitzsaid.Second,FatBearWeekbringsattentiontothebearsandtheecosystemstheylivein.The2,200bearsofKatmaiarestrongforfeedingonsomeofthehealthiestsalmon（三文魚）intheworld，saidSaraWolman,aformerparkkeeper.SalmoninthePacificNorthwestaresufferingfromoverfishing,damconstructionandwarmingriversduetoclimatechange.Luckily,BrooksRiver,whichKatmai?sbearsliketofishin,hasbeenfreefromthesethreatssofar.FatBearWeekhasspreadlikeviruses.Fansandcreatorssayit?sbecauseitshowsaconservationsuccessstory.Foroneweek,peopledon?thavetofocusonclimatechangeorhabitatloss.“Maybethingsaren?tsupergreatallthetimeintheworld,”saidFeliciaJimenez,whoisacurrentKatmaikeeper.“ButtherearesomereallyfatbearsinAlaska.”12.WhywasBear747thewinner?A.Itwastheheaviest. B.Itwasthemostfamous.

C.Itgainedthemostpounds. D.Itpresentedthebestphotos.13.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?A.TopraiseMikeFitzforhiswork.

B.Toreviewthehistoryoftheevent.

C.Toshowthepopularityoffatbears.

D.Toexplaintheroleoflivewebcams.14.WhatcanwelearnaboutKatmai?sbears?A.Theybringtouriststothepark.

B.Theyhaveastablefoodsource.

C.Theyremaindifficulttobeseen.

D.Theyfaceapopulationdecline.15.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FatBearWeek:ConservationIsJoyful

B.BrownBears:WinterSurvivalIsCrucial

C.Bear747:AFatYetHealthyChampion

D.Katmai?sBears:ASpecialBeautyContest【答案】C、B、B、A【知識點】邏輯推理、人與動植物、說明文、直接理解、標(biāo)題判斷、目的意圖【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了阿拉斯加南部的卡特邁國家公園和自然保護(hù)區(qū)舉行的"胖熊黃金周"活動。

12.

根據(jù)第一段中OnOctober5,KatmaiNationalParkandPreserveinsouthernAlaskakickedoffFatBearWeek,...beforetheybeddownforthelongfreezingwinter.（10月5日，阿拉斯加南部的卡特邁國家公園和自然保護(hù)區(qū)拉開了“胖熊黃金周”的序幕，粉絲們根據(jù)前后對比照片，投給在它們睡下度過漫長寒冷的冬天之前體重增加最多的熊）可知，粉絲們投給他們認(rèn)為夏天里體重增加最多，為冬眠做好準(zhǔn)備的熊，所以Bear747獲勝是因為它體重增加得最多，故選C。

13.

根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容，結(jié)合本段前兩句FatBearWeekstartedin2014.Atfirst,itwasjustFatBearTuesday.（胖熊周始于2014年。一開始，它只是胖熊星期二）及最后兩句In2015,itwasextendedtoaweek.Lastyear,nearly800,000peoplegotinvolved,turningitintoaglobalcampaign.（2015年，它延長至一周。去年，近80萬人參與其中，使之成為一項全球性活動）可知，本段旨在回顧“胖熊黃金周”的歷史。故選B。

14.

根據(jù)第四段最后一句Luckily,BrooksRiver,whichKatmai'sbearsliketofishin,hasbeenfreefromthesethreatssofar.（幸運的是，到目前為止，布魯克斯河還沒有受到這些威脅，卡特邁公園的熊喜歡在此捕魚）可知，卡特邁公園的熊有一個穩(wěn)定的食物來源。故選B。

15.

根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合最后一段中Fansandcreatorssayit'sbecauseitshowsaconservationsuccessstory.（粉絲們和創(chuàng)作者們說這是因為它展示了一個環(huán)保成功的故事）可知，文章主要介紹了阿拉斯加南部的卡特邁國家公園和自然保護(hù)區(qū)舉行的“胖熊黃金周”活動，它以一種競技方式讓人們關(guān)注熊及它們所居住的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，故A項“胖熊黃金周：保護(hù)也可以很快樂”適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。(2022·重慶市市轄區(qū)·歷年真題)

Writinganessayisadifficultprocessformostpeople.However,theprocesscanbemadeeasierifyoulearntopracticethreesimpletechniques.

(16)

Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.Staylooseandfree.

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Don'tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.Eventhoughthistechniquewon'tworkforeveryone,ithelpsmanypeoplegetagoodstoreofideastodrawon.

Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.

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Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皺)paper.Thinkofyourfirstdraftasapathcutoutofthejungle—aspartofanexploration,notasacompletehighway.

Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple-spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.

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Asaresult,thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks(大塊)oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.

(20)

Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.

A.Makesureyourhandwritingisneat.

B.Letyourpenfollowthewavesofthought.

C.Theseconddraftoftheessayshouldbebetter.

D.Firstofall,learnthetechniqueofnonstopwriting.

E.Toomanywriterstrytogettheirdraftsrightthefirsttime.

F.Manybeginningwritersdon'tleaveenoughspacetorevise.

G.Thenyoucanprintoutafreshdraft,againsettingyourtextontriple-space.【答案】D、B、E、F、G【知識點】學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度和方法、說明文【解析】16.

【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了寫文章的技巧。

空格處是本段的主題句，由空后的Whenyouarefirsttryingtothinkofideasforanessay,putyourpentoyourpaperandwritenonstopfortenorfifteenminuteswithoutlettingyourpenleavethepaper.（當(dāng)你第一次想寫一篇文章的時候，把筆放在紙上，不間斷地寫10到15分鐘，不要讓筆離開紙。）可知，本段主要講的是要學(xué)會不間斷地寫，D選項（首先，學(xué)習(xí)不間斷寫作的技巧。）概括了本段的主要內(nèi)容，可作為主題句。故選D。

17.

根據(jù)空前句Staylooseandfree.（保持寬松和自由。）及空后句Don'tworryaboutgrammarorspelling.（不要擔(dān)心語法和拼寫。）可知，空格處應(yīng)說按心里想的寫，自由發(fā)揮，B選項（讓你的筆跟隨思想的波浪。）說明了按自己的思路和想法來寫，承上啟下，符合語境，故選B。

18.

根據(jù)空前句Thenexttechniqueistowriteyourdraftrapidlywithoutworryingaboutbeingperfect.（下一個技巧是快速寫草稿，不要擔(dān)心是否完美。）及空后句Yet,bylearningtolivewithimperfection,youwillsaveyourselfheadachesandawastepaperbasketfullofcrumpled(弄皺)paper.（然而，通過學(xué)習(xí)與不完美共存，你將避免自己的頭痛和一個裝滿皺巴巴的廢紙簍。）可知，E選項（太多的作家試圖在第一次就把草稿寫好。）中的gettheirdrafts和上文中的writeyourdraft相呼應(yīng)，說明了有很多人想一次就寫好，這是不合理的，要學(xué)會允許不完美的存在，因此E項承上啟下，符合語境，故選E。

19.

根據(jù)空前句Thethirdtechniqueistotryprintingoutatriple—spaced(三倍行距)copytoallowspaceforrevision.（第三種方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空間。）可知，F(xiàn)項（許多初來乍到的作者沒有留出足夠的修改空間。）中的revise和前面的revision一致，指出了新手作者的常見做法，且其中的Manybeginningwriters和后文的thesewriters相互呼應(yīng)，因此F項承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。

20.

根據(jù)空前句Afteryouhaverevisedyourdraftuntilitistoomessytoworkfromanymore,youcanenteryourchangesintoyourwordprocessor.（當(dāng)你修改你的草稿，直到它太亂以至于無法繼續(xù)工作，你可以把你的修改輸入到你的文字處理器中。）及空后句Theresultingblankspaceinvitesyoutorevise.（由此產(chǎn)生的空白允許您修改。）可知，空格處應(yīng)說輸入到文字處理器后應(yīng)該做什么，G項（然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同樣將文本設(shè)置為三倍行距。）說的是輸入到你的文字處理器后的做法，其中的triple-space和后文的Theresultingblankspace相呼應(yīng)，承上啟下，符合語境。故選G。

第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。(2023·廣東省·模擬題)

Inmanyways,GitanjaliRaoisanordinary11-year-old,livelyandchatty,yetherscientificspiritmakesahugedifference.Lastmonth,she

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thetopprizeattheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallengeforherinvention.

What

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Gitanjali'sworkwasthathercityfacedawateremergencywithtoomuchleadinitswater.“Theideadidn't

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tomeuntilIsawmyparentstrytodowatertests.Theteststripsmayshowinaccurateresults,whichweren'tvery

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.”

Sherecalls.Shethensearchedforsuitablematerialswithcontinuedeffortsand

(25)

foundthatcarbonnanotube(納米管)sensorscanbeusedtosensechemicals.Gitanjali

(26)

tobuildasmallbluehousingusingthe3-Dprinteratherschoolwithcomputerchipsandabatteryinside.Afreeapp,whichGitanjalidesignedunder

(27)

fromhercomputerscienceteacher,givesinstant

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andsendsthedatatoalinkedphonethroughanattacheddevice.

Theprocessofdesigningherprojectwasn'talways

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,though.KathleenShafer,ascientistpairedwithGitanjaliasherteacherinsummer,

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alongtheway.Intheawardceremony,Gitanjalialso

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herparentswithconstantsupportand

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totry"crazyideas".Gitanjalireceived$25,000tofurtherdevelopherprogramalongwiththegreat

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ofwinningthecontest.AccordingtoShafer,who

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Gitanjali,"sheshowsalotofmotivationtosolve

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issuesthroughscience".21.

A.earned B.designed C.offered D.made22.

A.exposed B.improved C.defined D.inspired23.

A.stick B.belong C.occur D.apply24.

A.simple B.reliable C.predictable D.creative25.

A.initially B.immediately C.temporarily D.eventually26.

A.managed B.promised C.pretended D.happened27.

A.observation B.command C.instruction D.control28.

A.access B.results C.decisions D.approval29.

A.optional B.complete C.continuous D.smooth30.

A.changed B.risked C.helped D.followed31.

A.stresses B.credits C.impresses D.provides32.

A.encouragement B.request C.struggle D.pressure33.

A.fortune B.intention C.honor D.potential34.

A.keeps

up

withB.gets

along

withC.takes

care

of D.speaks

highly

of35.

A.commercial B.practical C.academic D.systematic【答案】A、D、C、B、D、A、C、B、D、C、B、A、C、D、B【知識點】副詞辨析、動詞短語辨析、記敘文、形容詞詞義辨析、名詞辨析、動詞辨析、個人品行與態(tài)度【解析】【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了吉坦賈利·拉奧只是是一個11歲的普通人，活潑健談，但她的科學(xué)精神卻產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響，她因其發(fā)明獲得了探索教育3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的最高獎項。

21.

句意：上個月，她憑借自己的發(fā)明獲得了探索教育3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的最高獎項。A.earned獲得；B.designed設(shè)計；C.offered提供；D.made制作。根據(jù)下文“thetopprizeattheDiscoveryEducation3MYoungScientistChallengeforherinvention.(探索教育3M青年科學(xué)家挑戰(zhàn)賽的最高獎項)”可知，吉坦賈利·拉奧獲得了這個獎項，故選A。22.

句意：吉坦賈利的工作之所以受到啟發(fā)，是因為她的城市面臨著水資源緊急情況，水中鉛含量過高。A.exposed暴露；B.improved改善；C.defined定義；D.inspired啟發(fā)。根據(jù)下文“hercityfacedawateremergencywithtoomuchleadinitswater(她的城市面臨著水資源緊急情況，水中鉛含量過高)”以及“Theideadidn'toccurtomeuntilIsawmyparentstrytodowatertests.（直到我看到父母試著做水測試，我才想到這個主意）”可知，她的城市面臨著水資源中鉛含量過高這一問題使吉坦賈利受到了啟發(fā)，故選D。23.

句意：直到我看到父母試著做水測試，我才想到這個主意。A.stick刺；B.belong屬于；C.occur想到；發(fā)生；D.apply申請。根據(jù)下文“untilIsawmyparentstrytodowatertests(直到我看到父母試著做水測試)”可推理出，作者在看到父母試著做水測試時，想到了主意，故選C。24.

句意：測試條可能顯示不準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)果，這不是很可靠。A.simple簡單的；B.reliable可靠的；C.predictable可預(yù)測的；D.creative創(chuàng)造性的。根據(jù)上文“Theteststripsmayshowinaccurateresults(測試條可能顯示不準(zhǔn)確的結(jié)果)”可知，測試條可能不可靠，故選B。25.

句意：然后，她繼續(xù)努力尋找合適的材料，最終發(fā)現(xiàn)碳納米管傳感器可以用來感應(yīng)化學(xué)物質(zhì)。A.initially最初；B.immediately立即；C.temporarily臨時地；D.eventually最終。根據(jù)上文“Shethensearchedforsuitablematerialswithcontinuedefforts（她繼續(xù)努力尋找合適的材料）”以及下文“foundthatcarbonnanotubesensorscanbeusedtosensechemicals（發(fā)現(xiàn)碳納米管傳感器可以用來感應(yīng)化學(xué)物質(zhì)）”可知，上下文要表達(dá)的含義是：吉坦賈利經(jīng)過不斷的努力，最終發(fā)現(xiàn)了碳納米管傳感器，故選D。26.

句意：吉坦賈利在學(xué)校用3D打印機(jī)建造了一個藍(lán)色的小房子，里面有電腦芯片和電池。A.managed完成；B.promised承諾；C.pretended假裝；D.happened發(fā)生。根據(jù)下文“buildasmallbluehousingusingthe3-Dprinteratherschoolwithcomputerchipsandabatteryinside（建造了一個藍(lán)色的小房子，里面有電腦芯片和電池）”可知，吉坦賈利成功地建成了小房子，故選A。27.

句意：吉坦賈利在她的計算機(jī)科學(xué)老師的指導(dǎo)下設(shè)計了一個免費的應(yīng)用程序，該應(yīng)用程序可以提供即時結(jié)果，并通過連接的設(shè)備將數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到鏈接的手機(jī)。A.observation觀察；B.command命令；C.instruction指導(dǎo)；D.control控制。根據(jù)下文“fromhercomputerscienceteacher（來自于她的計算機(jī)科學(xué)老師）”可推理出是來自于她的計算機(jī)科學(xué)老師的指導(dǎo)，故選C。28.

句意：同上。A.access入口；B.results結(jié)果；C.decisions決定；D.approval同意。根據(jù)下文“sendsthedatatoalinkedphonethroughanattacheddevice.（通過連接的設(shè)備將數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到鏈接的手機(jī)）”可知該應(yīng)用程序能提供即時的結(jié)果，故選B。29.

句意：不過，她的項目設(shè)計過程并不總是一帆風(fēng)順。A.optional可選擇的；B.complete完整的；C.continuous連續(xù)的；D.smooth光滑的；順利的。根據(jù)下文“KathleenShafer,ascientistpairedwithGitanjaliasherteacherinsummer,helpedalongtheway.（KathleenShafer是一名科學(xué)家，她在夏天與吉坦賈利搭檔擔(dān)任她的老師，一路上她都在幫忙）”可知，吉坦賈利的項目設(shè)計需要老師的幫忙，并不是一帆風(fēng)順的。故選D。30.

句意：KathleenShafer是一名科學(xué)家，她在夏天與吉坦賈利搭檔擔(dān)任她的老師，一路上她都在幫忙。A.changed改變；B.risked冒險；C.helped幫助；D.followed跟著。根據(jù)上文“KathleenShafer,ascientistpairedwithGitanjaliasherteacherinsummer（KathleenShafer是一名科學(xué)家，她在夏天與吉坦賈利搭檔擔(dān)任她的老師）”可知，KathleenShafer一直都在幫助吉坦賈利，故選C。31.

句意：在頒獎典禮上，吉坦賈利還歸功于她的父母不斷支持和鼓勵她嘗試“瘋狂的想法”。

A.stresses強(qiáng)調(diào)；B.credits把……歸于；C.impresses給……以深刻印象；D.provides提供。根據(jù)下文“constantsupport(不斷支持)”可知，吉坦賈利把他的成功還歸功于父母的不斷支持，故選B。32.

句意：同上。A.encouragement鼓勵；B.request要求；C.struggle掙扎；D.pressure壓力。根據(jù)上文“constantsupport（不斷支持）”以及下文“try"crazyideas"(嘗試“瘋狂的想法”)”可知，空白處應(yīng)填表示“鼓勵”含義的名詞，故選A。33.

句意：吉坦賈利獲得了25000美元，用于進(jìn)一步發(fā)展她的項目，并獲得了贏得比賽的巨大榮譽(yù)。A.fortune命運；B.intention目的；C.honor榮譽(yù)；D.potential潛力。根據(jù)下文“winningthecontest(贏得比賽)”可知，贏得比賽是一種榮譽(yù)，故選C。34.

句意：Shafer對吉坦賈利評價很高，她說：“她表現(xiàn)出了通過科學(xué)解決實際問題的很大動力。

A.keepsupwith跟上；B.getsalongwith與……相處；C.takescareof照顧；D.speakshighlyof高度贊揚(yáng)。根據(jù)下文“sheshowsalotofmotivationtosolvepracticalissuesthroughscience（她表現(xiàn)出了通過科學(xué)解決實際問題的很大動力）”可知，Shafer對吉坦賈利有著很高的評價，故選D。35.

句意同上。A.commercial商業(yè)的；B.practical實用的；C.academic學(xué)術(shù)的；D.systematic系統(tǒng)的。根據(jù)第三段“Shethensearchedforsuitablematerialswithcontinuedeffortsandeventuallyfoundthatcarbonnanotubesensorscanbeusedtosensechemicals.（然后，她繼續(xù)努力尋找合適的材料，最終發(fā)現(xiàn)碳納米管傳感器可以用來感應(yīng)化學(xué)物質(zhì)。）”可知，吉坦賈利是通過科學(xué)解決的實際問題，故選B。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2023·安徽省蕪湖市·期中考試)

TheChineseGardenofFriendshipwasbuiltasabeautifulsymboloffriendship

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SydneyintheStateofNewSouthWalesandGuangzhouintheprovinceofGuangdong,China(sistercitiesofsisterstates),tomarkAustralia'sbicentenary(二百周年紀(jì)念)in1988.

Thegarden

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(design)andbuiltbyChineselandscapearchitectsandgardeners,

(38)

(follow)theTaoistprinciplesof"Yin-Yang"andthefiveoppositeelements—earth,fire,water,metalandwood.Theseprinciplesalsostressthe

(39)

(important)ofQi,thecentralforceoflifeandenergy.

Yin-Yang

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(play)suchavitalrolethatjustonemissingelementwoulddisrupt(擾亂)thegarden'sharmony(和諧)andbalance.However,when

(41)

(combine)perfectly,thefiveelementsformafluidandnurturingenvironment(一個流動和滋養(yǎng)的環(huán)境).Everythingyouencounterinthegardenhasbeenhand-pickedandverycarefullyplacedtocapturethefiveelementsandtheenergyofQi.

Unlikewestern-stylegardens,therearenoplantedflowerbeds

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neatly-cutlawns.

Instead,wild

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(aspect)ofnaturearerecreatedinlandscapes

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featurewaterfalls,mountains,lakesandforests.

TheartofChineseGardendesignbeganinimperial(皇帝的)parksduringtheShangDynasty3,000yearsago.DarlingHarbor'sChineseGardenofFriendshipisasmall-scaleversionof

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(type)privategardenfromthistime.【答案】【小題36】between【小題37】wasdesigned【小題38】following【小題39】importance【小題40】plays【小題41】combined【小題42】or【小題43】aspects【小題44】that/which【小題45】typical【知識點】一般現(xiàn)在時、不可數(shù)名詞、動詞的-ed形式表示被動意義、一般過去時的被動語態(tài)、省略、動詞的-ing形式表示主動意義、動詞的-ing形式作狀語、名詞作主語時的