2024北京東城區(qū)高二（上）期末英語試題和答案

試題PAGE1試題2024北京東城高二（上）期末英語2024.1本試卷共10頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘。考生務必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分知識運用(共三節(jié)，共36分)第一節(jié)選詞填空(共11小題;每小題1分，共11分)A請用方框中所給的單詞或短語完成句子，并將答案寫在答題卡相應位置。accompanydemonstrateevaluatebreakdowninchargeofinturn1.HeputSteve______________theresearchteam.2.Kenagreedto______________meonatriptoAfrica.3.Ican’t______________hisabilitywithoutseeinghiswork.4.Listenup!Pleasecomeup______________tocollectyourbooks.5.Letme______________toyousomeofthedifficultieswearefacing.6.Asmilecan______________barriers.B請用方框中所給單詞的正確形式完成句子，并將答案寫在答題卡相應位置。comfortscienceentireanxietymotivate7.Iadmititwas______________myfault.8.Heseemed______________aboutthecomingexam.9.Heisintelligentenoughbuthelacks______________.10.Iwasso______________andwarminbedsothatIdidn’twanttogetup.11.Weshouldadoptamore______________approachinthefutureresearch.第二節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。LastSeptember,Sarah,44,slippedonaplatformand____12____inthegapbetweenatrainandtheplatformedge.Whenthetrainleftthestation,itranoverherrightarmandleg.Unfortunately,anothertrainpulledin,causingfurther____13____.Afewminuteslater,someonenoticedherandcalledemergencyservices.They____14____tothesceneandtookSarahtothehospital,butdoctorswere____15____tosaveherarmandleg.____16____,Sarahisnowtheworld’sfirstwomantousea￡250.00bionic(仿生)arm____17____byAI.“It’shardtoexplainbutwhenIthinkabouta____18____—say‘openmyhand’—mymusclestwitch(顫動)inaparticularway.Thesensorsinitwill____19____thesetwitches,andsendsignalstomakemyhandwork.Andifit____20____thefactthatIpointmyfingeroften,itwilllearnthatIliketodothatandmakeiteasierformetodoso,”saidSarah.InFebruary,SarahreturnedtoworkandafewmonthslatersheattendedaconferenceinRometogiveaspeechabouttheaccident.“Idomissmyselfbeforetheaccident.Butattheendoftheday,I’mjust____21____thatAIcangivemeapieceofmylifeback.IknowIamblessedtobeabletokeepmovingforwardwithmyfamily.”12.A.fell B.jumped C.stood D.filled13.A.changes B.worries C.injuries D.failures14.A.moved B.turned C.walked D.rushed15.A.uncertain B.unable C.patient D.eager16.A.Naturally B.Normally C.Obviously D.Luckily17.A.powered B.developed C.graded D.treated18.A.pattern B.signal C.movement D.moment19.A.protect B.detect C.,connect D.reflect20.A.caresabout B.talksabout C.figuresout D.pointsout21.A.hopeful B.grateful C.concerned D.amused第三節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。YuanLongpingrealisedthatlargerfieldswerenotthesolution.Instead,farmersneededtoboostyieldsinthefieldstheyhad.Howthiscouldbedonewasa____22____(challenge)questionatthetime.Yuanwasconvincedthattheanswercouldbefoundinthecreationofhybridrice.Onecharacteristicofhybridsis____23____theyusuallyattainahigheryieldthanconventionalcrops.However,____24____itwaspossibletodevelopahybridofself-pollinatingplantssuchasricewasamatterofgreatdebate.B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Sarek’smountainsusedtobecoveredbyvastsheetsofice.Around9,000yearsago,thisicemelted,____25____(leave)behindabout100glaciers.Soonafter,reindeerbegantoarrive.FollowingthereindeerweretheSamipeople,whomadethisterritorytheirhome.Gettinghereisquitedifficult,____26____apartfromtheSamiveryfewpeoplehaveeverseenSarek.In1909,Sarekwasmadeanationalparkinordertokeepthelandinitsnaturalstate.ThoughtheSamiareallowedtocontinuetheirtraditionalwayoflifeinthepark,nooneelsecanlivehere,andallnewdevelopment____27____(ban)withinparkboundaries.Atthefarsideofthevalley,anancientSamicottageisvisible.Closeby,thereareafewreindeer____28____(feed)ongrass.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。InNewYork,longtimeKunquartistsandstudentsareworkingtogethertopassdowntheancienttraditionalformfromgeneration____29____generation,andKunqusocieties____30____(be)activeinthecityforover30years.Andrecently,theseKunquOperaartists,youngandold,stagedaperformanceattheBigApple____31____(celebrate)the35thanniversaryoftheKunquSocietyofNewYork,anonprofitcultureandartsorganization.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共11小題;每小題2分，共22分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAmishCountryisoneofOhio’smostbeautifulplaces.Inadditiontogoodfoodandshopping,youcanalsolearnaboutAmishhistoryandexperiencetheirculturethroughAmishhometoursandbuggyrides.abuggyrideAmishHeartlandToursIfyouwouldliketolearnaboutAmishlifeandculturewhileenjoyingatourofthebeautyofAmishcountry,AmishHeartlandTourscanmakeithappen,offeringbuggyrides,custombustours,andspecial“Backroad”experienceswithmealsinthehomesoftheAmishpeople.Youwilllearnabouttheday-to-daylifeoftheAmishfromexperiencedtourguidesandthelocalpeoplethemselves.Tourslastbetween1to3hoursdependingonyourchoiceofdestinationandactivities.Yoder’sAmishHomeIfyouoryourschoolgroupwouldliketolearnmoreaboutthelifeoftheAmish,atriptoYoder’sAmishHomemightbeperfectforyou.Withguidedtoursofthehouse,property,andsoon,you’lllearnaboutthehistoryandlifestyleoftheAmishupclose.Pettheanimalsintheoldbarn,learnalittleGermanandmeettheirAmishteacherintheirone-roomschoolhouse,takearideinarealAmishbuggy,andenjoyasweettreatfromtheirbakery!Toursareledbylocalguidesandlastabout40minutes.Troyer’sAmishToursExperiencetheAmishCountrywithapersonalized,andcustomtouch.Troyer’sAmishToursoffersseveraltoursincluding2and3-hourexperiences,dinnerinAmishhomes,aswellasspecialevents.Allofthetoursaretailor-madewithadvancenotice.Forthemostmemorableexperience,usetheironlinecontactformstoplanyourvisitinadvance.AmishHeritageToursAmishHeritageToursoffersseasonallythemedtoursincludingmanyofthebestthingstodoinAmishCountry,withonetomulti-dayexperiencesincludingpick-upfromyourhotel,dinner,shopping,areatheatre,andmuseums.Planyourvisitonlineinadvance.Theirwebsiteofferssampleitinerariesforeachtourtomakeyourstayrewardingandunforgettable.32.Whichtourisintendedforschoolchildren?A.AmishHeartlandTours. B.Yoder’sAmishHome.C.Troyer’sAmishTours. D.AmishHeritageTours.33.WhatisspecialaboutTroyer’sAmishtour?A.Itpresentsseasonallythemedtours. B.ItfeaturesrealAmishbuggyrides.C.Itprovidesamuseumexperience. D.Itmeetsindividualizedneeds.34.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Topromotetours. B.Tointroducetravelservices.C.Tohighlightalifestyle. D.Tocelebratethelocalculture.BAsyouleavetheBandhavgarhNationalParkinIndia,thereisanoticewhichshowsahugetiger.Thenoticesays,“Youmaynothaveseenme,butIhaveseenyou.”TherearemorethanabillionpeopleinIndiaandIndiantigersprobablyseehumanseverysingleday.Tigerscananddokillalmostanythingtheymeetinthejungle.However,itisalittlestrangethatattacksonhumansarenotthatfrequent.Somepeoplemightarguethattheseattackswereinfactcommoninthepast.Buttherewerefarmoretigersaroundinthosedays.So,tosomeextent,attacksappeartohavebeenasrarethenastheyaretoday.Peoplethinkitisbecauseoffears,butwhatexactlyaretigersafraidof?Cantheyreallyknowthatwemaybeevenbetterarmedthantheyare?Surelynot.Hasthespeciesprogrammedtheexperiencesofalltigerswithhumansintoitsgenestobeinheritedasinstinct?Perhaps.ButIthinktheexplanationmaybesimplerand,inaway,moreinteresting.Isuspectthatatiger’sfearofhumansliesinthewayheactuallyobservesusvisually.Imagineatigerseesamanwhois1.8meterstall.Atigerislessthan1metertallbuthemaybeupto3meterslongfromheadtotail.Sowhenatigerseesthemanfaceon,itmightnotbeunreasonableforhimtoassumethatthemanis6meterslong.Ifhemetadeerofthissize,hemightattacktheanimalbyleapingonitsback,butwhenhelooksbehindtheman,hecan’tseeaback.Fromthefrontthemanishuge,butlookedatfromthesideheallbutdisappears.Thismustbeverydisturbing.Ahunterhastobeconfidentthatitcankillitsprey,andnooneisconfidentwhentheyaredisconcerted.Theoppositeistrueofasquattinghuman.Asquattinghumanishalfthesizeandpresentstwicethespreadofback,andappearslikeamedium-sizeddeer.Manyincidentsofattacksonpeopleinvolvevillagersbendingovertocutgrass.Thefactthathumansstanduprightmaynotjustdistinguishthemfromotherspecies,butalsohelpthemtosurviveinanunpredictableenvironment.35.Asforsomepeople’sopinionontigerattacks,theauthoris________.A.objective B.unconcerned C.supportive D.disapproving36.WhydoestheauthorraisethreequestionsinParagraph3?A.Topresentassumptions. B.Toevaluatearguments.C.Toquestionfindings. D.Toconfirmopinions.37.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disconcerted”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Confused. B.Annoyed. C.Depressed. D.Surprised.38.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itisthegenesthatcausethetiger’sfearofhumans.B.Itishardforatigertomakeouttheshapeofhumans.C.Tigerssensethedangerthemomenttheyspothumans.D.Tigersarelessconfidentwhenfacingsquattinghumans.CThinkofthewordsinyourhead:thattastelessjokeyouwiselykepttoyourselfatdinner;yourunvoicedimpressionofyourbestfriend’snewpartner.Nowimaginethatsomeonecouldlistenin.Recently,scientistsfromtheUniversityofTexas,havemadeanotherstepinthatdirection.InastudypublishedinNeuroscience,theteamshoweditwaspossibletoreadpeople’sthoughtswithanon-invasivebrainscannercalledfMRIandlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)builtwithGPT.Thestudycenteredonthreesubjects,wholayinanfMRIscannerrecordingtheirbrainactivitybydetectingchangesinbloodflowinpartsoftheirbrainswhiletheylistenedtoonlinestories.ByintegratingthisinformationwiththeLLMs’abilitytounderstandhowwordsrelatetooneanother,theresearchersdevelopedanencoded(編碼的)mapofhoweachindividual’sbrainrespondstodifferentwords.Then,theteamworkedbackward.TheyrecordedthefMRIactivitywhiletheparticipantslistenedtoanewstory.UsingacombinationofthepatternspreviouslyencodedforeachindividualandLLMs,theresearchersattemptedtotranslatethisnewbrainactivity.Whilemanyofthesentencesitproducedwereinaccurate,thedecodergeneratedsentencesthatgotthemainideaofwhatthepersonwasthinking.Forinstance,whenapersonheard,“Idon’thavemydriver’slicenseyet,”thedecoderspatout,“Shehasnotevenstartedtolearntodriveyet.”AlexHuthfromtheuniversitysaid,“Wewereshockedandimpressedthatthisworkedaswellasitdoes.”Theresearchersalsofoundthatthetechnologyisn’tone-size-fits-all.Eachdecoderwasquitepersonalizedandworkedonlyforthepersonwhosebraindatahadhelpedbuildit.Additionally,apersonhadtovoluntarilycooperateforthedecodertoidentifyideas.Ifapersonwasn’tpayingattentiontoanaudiostory,thedecodercouldn’tpickthatstoryupfrombrainsignals.Whilethetechnologywasstillfarfromperfect,theresultcouldultimatelyleadtoseamlessdevicesthathelppeoplewhocan’ttalkorotherwisecommunicateeasily.However,theresearchalsoraisesprivacyconcernsaboutunwelcomeneuraloverhearing.Theteamsaidthepotentialofthetechnologywassuchthatpolicymakersshouldproactivelyaddresshowitcanbelegallyused.JerryTangfromtheteamsaid,“Nobody’sbrainshouldbedecodedwithouttheirpermission.Ifonedayitdoesbecomepossibletogetaccuratedecodingwithoutaperson’swill,we’llhavearegulatoryfoundationinplace.”39.Whatisthestudymainlyabout?A.Theworkingprincipleofasmartscanner.B.Thepotentialimpactofmind-readingGPT.C.Theadvanceinbrain-decodingtechnology.D.Thebreakthroughinlargelanguagemodels.40.Howdidtheteamworkbackward?A.Theyfedthedecoderdataonpeople’sbrainactivities.B.Theyemployedthescannertoencodepeople’sthoughts.C.TheyrecordedthefMRIactivitytoassessthinkingability.D.Theyusedbrainactivitypatternstoreadthesubjects’mind.41.Whatdidtheresearchersfind?A.Thedecoderworkedasexpected.B.Thedecodercangetthewordingright.C.Thedecoderrequiredwillingparticipation.D.Thedecodercanbeappliedtodifferentpeople.42.Whatwilltheteammostprobablydonext?A.Personalizethetechnology. B.Establishproperregulations.C.Applythetechnologyacrossfields. D.Breaklimitationsofthetechnology.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。MicrogreenFarmingMicrogreenshavebeenusedincookingsincethe1980s.____43____Chefsnowrealizetheyalsoaddflavorandvisualappealwhenincludedinalltypesofdishesandrecipes.Aswithmostvegetables,itallstartswithseeds.Butinsteadofallowingtheplanttogrowtoitsfullpotential,microgreensarecreatedwhentheplantisharvestedshortlyafteritstartstogrow.Theresultisastrongflavorandaningredientthatpacksavarietyofnutrientsandhealthbenefitsinatiny,deliciouspackage.TheJournalofAgriculturalandFoodChemistrystatesthatmicrogreenshaveincreasedlevelsofvitaminsE,CandK.____44____Oneofthemostsignificantbenefitsofusingmicrogreensindishesisthattheyprovideanintenseexperiencethatwillimprovetheoverallflavorofanydish.Manychefsusethemtoadddepthofflavorandtocreatecomplexflavor.Anotherbenefitofmicrogreensistheconveniencefactor—theyareincrediblyeasytocookwith!____45____Youjustputthemontoyourmealssuchassoups,sandwiches,salads,etc.Microgreensaretheultimatehealthyconveniencefood!____46____Itisusuallyreadyforharvestinonly6-7daysandoffersaspicyradishtaste.Theresultisadishthatnotonlytasteswonderfulbutoffersavisualappealthatsatisfiestheeyesandisincrediblynutritious!Traditionalplantsrequireanextendedamountoftimeandlargeamountsofland.____47____Theyrequireverylittlephysicaleffortandarereadyforharvestinaslittleasoneweek.Inaddition,growingmicrogreensdoesn’trequirealotofspace,andistypicallydoneindoorswithaverticalsetup.Sowhynotgiveitashot?A.Microgreens,ontheotherhand,areeasy!B.Theywereinitiallyusedasaformofdecoration.C.Thereisnoprepandcuttingworkaswithmostvegetables.D.Theyhaveasmuchas40timesmorenutrientsthanamatureplant.E.Onepopularformofmicrogreensisamixofpurpleandgreenradish.F.Somebeginnersliketostartwithafamiliarplant,suchasradish,cabbage,orpeas.G.Maturetraditionalvegetablesaregenerallyharvested2to4monthsaftertheyareplanted.第三部分書面表達(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第48、49題各2分，第50題3分，第51題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。KieranBehanwasjustaboy,maybe6yearsold,whenhefellinlovewithgymnastics,butthatwasbeforeaseriesofinjuries,twososeverethatdoctorstoldhimhewouldneverwalkagain.YetBehan,pushedon.“Doctorstoldme,‘stopthinkingaboutyourcrazydreamsandyoumustacceptthatit’soverforyou,’”Behansaid.“ButIjustkeptsaying:‘No,no,no—thisisnottherestofmylife.Thisisnothowit’sgoingtoplayout.’Andlookatmenow,anOlympian.Theysaiditwasimpossible,butIdidit.”KieranBehanstartedgymnasticswhenhewas8.Butsooncamethefirstofmanyblows:duringalegoperation,adoctor’smistakecausedaseverenervedamagethatleftBehanwithlimitedfeelinginhisleftfoot.Doctorstoldhimtopreparehimselfforlifeinawheelchair.Theywerewrong.Althoughittook15months,Behanwentbacktogymnastics.Buteightmonthsafterhereturnedfromhisleginjury,disasterhitagain.Hehitthebackofhisheadduringtraining.TheaccidentcausedabraininjurywhichaffectedhisbalancesomuchthateventheslightestmovementcouldcauseBehantofaint.Mearlytwoyearsafternon-stopphysicaltherapy,KieranBehandidwhathedidbest:hepickedhimselfupagain.Hesaidhecouldnotlivewithoutgymnasticsandneverdoubtedhewouldbeback.Finally,in2012,hisdeterminationbegantopayoff.HisexcellentperformanceattheOlympictesteventqualifiedhimfortheGames.“IfeltlikeIwasinafairytale,”hesaidoftheLondonGames.“AllIcouldthinkaboutwas:‘Isthisadream?Tellmethisisreallyhappening.’”Eventhoughbedidnotenteranyoftheeventfinals,Behanneverlostheartandperseveredtomakeitforthe2016OlympicGamesatRiodeJaneiro.Behanhopeshistalemightinspireotherstoovercomehardship,whetheritisinsports,atworkorathome.Still,hestruggledtoexplainwhyhehasbeensounbeatable.“Ithinkit’sprobablyjustinmyblood,”hesaid.“Iwasjustborntodothis.”48.WhathappenedduringBehan’slegoperation?________________________________________________________________49.InwhatwaydidBehan’sbraininjuryinfluencehim?________________________________________________________________50.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.BecauseofBehan’sdetermination,hewonatthefinalsintheLondonGames.________________________________________________________________51.DoyouthinkBehanisagreatathlete?Whyorwhynot?(Inabout40words)________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)(20分)52.假設(shè)你是紅星中學學生會主席李華。近期，英國交換生將在你校進行為期兩周的交流。你打算邀請你校英籍外教Jim給負責接待的同學們做一個講座，主題是如何與交換生得體相處。請你用英文寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.發(fā)出邀請；2.建議講座的主要內(nèi)容。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

參考答案第一部分知識運用(共三節(jié)，共36分)第一節(jié)選詞填空(共11小題;每小題1分，共11分)【答案】1.inchargeof2.accompany3.evaluate4.inturn5.demonstrate6.breakdown【1題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：他讓史蒂夫負責研究小組。根據(jù)“theresearchteam”以及句意“負責”可知應填inchargeof，故填inchargeof?！?題詳解】考查動詞。句意：肯答應陪我去非洲旅行。根據(jù)“meonatriptoAfrica”以及句意“陪伴”可知應填動詞accompany，此處為不定式作賓語。故填accompany?！?題詳解】考查動詞。句意：沒有看到他的工作，我無法評估他的能力。根據(jù)“hisabilitywithoutseeinghiswork”以及句意“評估”可知應填動詞evaluate，且can’t后跟動詞原形。故填evaluate?！?題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：聽好了！請依次上來取書。根據(jù)“tocollectyourbooks”以及句意“依次”可知應填短語inturn，故填inturn?！?題詳解】考查動詞。句意：讓我向你說明我們面臨的一些困難。根據(jù)“toyousomeofthedifficulties”以及句意“說明”可知應填動詞demonstrate，此處為句型letsb.dosth.。故填demonstrate?！?題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：微笑可以打破障礙。根據(jù)“barriers”以及句意“打破”可知應填短語breakdown，且can后跟動詞原形。故填breakdown。【答案】7.entirely8.anxious9.motivation10.comfortable11.scientific【7題詳解】考查副詞。句意：我承認這完全是我的錯。根據(jù)“myfault”以及句意“完全”可知應填副詞entirely，修飾動詞。故填entirely?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他似乎對即將到來的考試感到焦慮。根據(jù)“aboutthecomingexam”以及句意“焦慮”可知應填形容詞anxious，作表語。故填anxious?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：他很聰明，但缺乏動力。根據(jù)“Heisintelligentenoughbuthelacks”以及句意“動力”可知應填名詞motivation，作賓語，表抽象概念不可數(shù)。故填motivation?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我在床上很舒服，很溫暖，所以我不想起床。根據(jù)“andwarminbed”以及句意“舒服”可知應填形容詞comfortable，作表語。故填comfortable?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：在今后的研究中，我們應該采取更加科學的方法。根據(jù)“inthefutureresearch”以及句意“科學的”可知應填形容詞scientific，作定語修飾名詞approach。故填scientific。第二節(jié)完形填空(共10小題;每小題1分，共10分)【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B16.D17.A18.C19.B20.C21.B【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要敘述了莎拉在一次事故中失去了胳膊和腿，幸運地是她得到了一條人工智能仿生手臂，這讓她能夠恢復部分正常生活?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：去年9月，44歲的莎拉在站臺上滑倒，掉進了火車和站臺邊緣之間的空隙里。A.fell落下；B.jumped跳躍；C.stood站立；D.filled裝滿。根據(jù)后文“inthegapbetweenatrainandtheplatformedge”可知，莎拉在站臺上滑倒，掉進了火車和站臺邊緣之間的空隙里。故選A。【13題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，另一列火車進站了，造成了進一步損傷。A.changes改變；B.worries擔心；C.injuries受傷；D.failures失敗。根據(jù)上文“Whenthetrainleftthestation,itranoverherrightarmandleg.(火車離開車站時，碾過了她的右臂和右腿)”可知，本來已經(jīng)受傷，不幸的是，另一列火車進站了，造成了進一步損傷。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們趕忙趕到現(xiàn)場，把莎拉送到醫(yī)院，但是醫(yī)生無法挽救她的胳膊和腿。A.moved移動；B.turned轉(zhuǎn)彎；C.walked散步；D.rushed急忙。根據(jù)后文“tothesceneandtookSarahtothehospital”可知，人們趕忙趕到現(xiàn)場，把莎拉送到醫(yī)院，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們趕忙趕到現(xiàn)場，把莎拉送到醫(yī)院，但是醫(yī)生無法挽救她的胳膊和腿。A.uncertain不確定的；B.unable無能的；C.patient耐心的；D.eager渴望的。根據(jù)后文“usea￡25000bionicarm”可知，醫(yī)生無法挽救莎拉的胳膊和腿。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，莎拉現(xiàn)在是世界上第一位使用價值2.5萬英鎊的人工智能仿生手臂的女性。A.Naturally自然地；B.Normally正常地；C.Obviously顯然地；D.Luckily幸運地。根據(jù)后文“usea￡25000bionicarm”可知，莎拉得到了仿生手臂，是幸運地。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，莎拉現(xiàn)在是世界上第一位使用價值2.5萬英鎊的人工智能驅(qū)動的仿生手臂的女性。A.powered激勵，以……為動力；B.developed發(fā)展；C.graded分級；D.treated對待。根據(jù)上文“bionicarm”可知，這條仿生手臂是由人工智能為動力的，故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“這很難解釋，但當我想到一個動作——比如‘張開我的手’——我的肌肉就會以一種特定的方式抽搐。A.pattern模式；B.signal信號；C.movement動作，活動；D.moment時刻。根據(jù)后文“openmyhand”指想到動作，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：里面的傳感器會檢測到這些抽搐，然后發(fā)送信號讓我的手動起來。A.protect保護；B.detect查明，檢測；C.connect連接；D.reflect反思。根據(jù)上文“Thesensorsinitwill”指手臂里的傳感器會檢測到這些抽搐，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：莎拉說：“如果它發(fā)現(xiàn)我經(jīng)常用手指指東西，它就會知道我喜歡這樣做，并讓我更容易這樣做。”A.caresabout關(guān)心；B.talksabout談論；C.figuresout弄清楚；D.pointsout指出。根據(jù)后文“thefactthatIpointmyfingeroften”指手臂弄清楚了使用者愛用手指指東西的事實，就會讓使用者更容易這么做。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是在一天結(jié)束的時候，我很感激人工智能能把我生活的一部分還給我。A.hopeful有希望的；B.grateful感謝的；C.concerned擔心的；D.amused覺得好笑的。根據(jù)后文“AIcangivemeapieceofmylifeback”可知，人工智能幫助莎拉恢復了部分正常生活，莎拉很感激。故選B。第三節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)【答案】22.challenging23.that24.whether【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了袁隆平開發(fā)雜交水稻的經(jīng)過?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：如何做到這一點在當時是一個具有挑戰(zhàn)性的問題。修飾名詞question應用形容詞challenging，作定語。故填challenging。【23題詳解】考查表語從句。句意：雜交作物的一個特點是它們的產(chǎn)量通常比傳統(tǒng)作物高。引導表語從句，從句不缺少成分，句意完整，故填that?！?4題詳解】考查主語從句。句意：然而，是否有可能開發(fā)出像水稻這樣的自花授粉植物的雜交品種，這是一個充滿爭議的問題。引導主語從句，不缺少成分，表示“是否”應用whether，if不能放在句首。故填whether?！敬鸢浮?5.leaving26.so27.isbanned28.feeding【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了沙瑞克被設(shè)立為國家公園的歷史和特色?！?5題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：大約9000年前，這些冰融化了，留下了大約100個冰川。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知leave與上文句子構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。故填leaving?！?6題詳解】考查連詞。句意：到達這里非常困難，所以除了薩米人，很少有人見過沙瑞克。結(jié)合前后文語境可知為因果關(guān)系，表示“所以”應用連詞so。故填so?！?7題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：雖然薩米人被允許在公園里繼續(xù)他們的傳統(tǒng)生活方式，但其他人不能住在這里，而且在公園邊界內(nèi)禁止任何新的開發(fā)。主語與謂語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，根據(jù)上文“ThoughtheSamiareallowed”可知為一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，主語為allnewdevelopment，謂語用單數(shù)。故填isbanned?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：不遠處，有幾只在吃草的馴鹿。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知feed與邏輯主語reindeer構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填feeding?！敬鸢浮?9.to30.havebeen31.tocelebrate【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了最近紐約上演了一場表演，慶祝紐約昆曲協(xié)會成立35周年。紐約昆曲協(xié)會是一個非營利性的文化和藝術(shù)組織。【29題詳解】考查介詞。句意：在紐約，長期的昆曲藝術(shù)家和學生們正在共同努力，將這一古老的傳統(tǒng)形式一代一代地傳承下去，昆曲社團在這座城市已經(jīng)活躍了30多年。結(jié)合句意表示“一代一代”可知短語為fromgenerationtogeneration。故填to?！?0題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：在紐約，長期的昆曲藝術(shù)家和學生們正在共同努力，將這一古老的傳統(tǒng)形式一代一代地傳承下去，昆曲社團在這座城市已經(jīng)活躍了30多年。根據(jù)后文forover30years可知為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為Kunqusocieties，助動詞用have。故填havebeen?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：最近，這些昆曲藝術(shù)家，無論老少，在紐約上演了一場表演，慶祝紐約昆曲協(xié)會成立35周年。紐約昆曲協(xié)會是一個非營利性的文化和藝術(shù)組織。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知celebrate在句中作目的狀語，應用不定式。故填tocelebrate。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共11小題;每小題2分，共22分)【答案】32.B33.D34.A【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹阿米什鄉(xiāng)村的一些旅游行程?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章Yoder’sAmishHome中“IfyouoryourschoolgroupwouldliketolearnmoreaboutthelifeoftheAmish,atriptoYoder’sAmishHomemightbeperfectforyou.Withguidedtoursofthehouse,property,andsoon,you’lllearnaboutthehistoryandlifestyleoftheAmishupclose.(如果你或你的學校小組想了解更多關(guān)于阿米什人的生活，去約德的阿米什之家旅行可能是你的完美選擇。在導游的帶領(lǐng)下參觀房屋、房產(chǎn)等，您將近距離了解阿米什人的歷史和生活方式。)”可知，Yoder’sAmishHome行程是為在校兒童設(shè)計的。故選B項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章Troyer’sAmishTours中“ExperiencetheAmishCountrywithapersonalized,andcustomtouch.(以個性化和定制的方式體驗阿米什鄉(xiāng)村。)”可知，Troyer’sAmishTours滿足游客的個性化需求。故選D項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“AmishCountryisoneofOhio’smostbeautifulplaces.Inadditiontogoodfoodandshopping,youcanalsolearnaboutAmishhistoryandexperiencetheirculturethroughAmishhometoursandbuggyrides.(阿米什鄉(xiāng)村是俄亥俄州最美麗的地方之一。除了美食和購物，你還可以通過阿米什人的家庭旅游和乘坐童車了解阿米什歷史和體驗他們的文化。)”以及后文可知，文章主要介紹阿米什鄉(xiāng)村的一些旅游行程，所以本文的目的是為了推廣旅游。故選A項?！敬鸢浮?5.D36.A37.A38.B【導語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要就老虎襲擊人的原因展開討論，作者認為老虎攻擊人是因為很難辨認出人的形狀?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Somepeoplemightarguethattheseattackswereinfactcommoninthepast.Buttherewerefarmoretigersaroundinthosedays.So,tosomeextent,attacksappeartohavebeenasrarethenastheyaretoday.(有些人可能會爭辯說，這些攻擊實際上在過去很常見。但那時候老虎的數(shù)量要多得多。因此，從某種程度上說，襲擊事件在當時和今天一樣罕見)”可知，對于一些人對老虎襲擊的看法，作者不贊成。故選D。【36題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Peoplethinkitisbecauseoffears,butwhatexactlyaretigersafraidof?Cantheyreallyknowthatwemaybeevenbetterarmedthantheyare?Surelynot.Hasthespeciesprogrammedtheexperiencesofalltigerswithhumansintoitsgenestobeinheritedasinstinct?Perhaps.ButIthinktheexplanationmaybesimplerand,inaway,moreinteresting.(人們認為這是因為恐懼，但老虎到底害怕什么？他們真的知道我們的武器裝備比他們更好嗎？當然不是。這個物種是否將所有老虎與人類相處的經(jīng)歷編入了自己的基因，并作為本能遺傳了下來？也許。但我認為解釋可能更簡單，在某種程度上也更有趣)”可推知，作者在第3段提出了三個問題是為了提出假設(shè)。故選A。【37題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Ahunterhastobeconfidentthatitcankillitsprey,andnooneisconfidentwhentheyare”可知，獵人必須對自己能殺死獵物充滿信心，而沒有人在對獵物感到困惑時是自信的。故劃線詞意思是“困惑的”。故選A?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Isuspectthatatiger’sfearofhumansliesinthewayheactuallyobservesusvisually.Imagineatigerseesamanwhois1.8meterstall.Atigerislessthan1metertallbuthemaybeupto3meterslongfromheadtotail.Sowhenatigerseesthemanfaceon,itmightnotbeunreasonableforhimtoassumethatthemanis6meterslong.Ifhemetadeerofthissize,hemightattacktheanimalbyleapingonitsback,butwhenhelooksbehindtheman,hecan’tseeaback.(我懷疑老虎對人類的恐懼來自于它觀察人類的視覺方式。想象一只老虎看到一個1.8米高的人。老虎不到1米高，但從頭到尾可達3米長。因此，當老虎看到這個人的臉時，它可能會認為這個人有6米長。如果他遇到這么大的鹿，他可能會跳到它的背上攻擊它，但當他看那個人的背后時，他看不到背影)”以及最后一段“Theoppositeistrueofasquattinghuman.Asquattinghumanishalfthesizeandpresentstwicethespreadofback,andappearslikeamedium-sizeddeer.(而蹲著的人則相反。一個蹲著的人只有一半的大小，兩倍的背部伸展，看起來像一只中等大小的鹿)”可知，老虎很難辨認出人的形狀。故選B?！敬鸢浮?9.C40.D41.C42.D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了得克薩斯大學的科學家們在一份研究中表明通過將功能性磁共振成像和用GPT建造的大型語言模型相結(jié)合，讀取人們內(nèi)心想法成為可能，但這項技術(shù)還不成熟，并且涉及隱私問題?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“InastudypublishedinNeuroscience,theteamshoweditwaspossibletoreadpeople’sthoughtswithanon-invasivebrainscannercalledfMRIandlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)builtwithGPT.(在《神經(jīng)科學》雜志上發(fā)表的一項研究中，該團隊表明，使用一種名為功能性磁共振成