2022高考英語北京石景山區(qū)閱讀理解和信息匹配自練(8)及答案

閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Theterm“underemployment”hasthreerelatedmeanings.Inonesense,itreferstoasituationinwhichsomeonewithexcellentjobqualifications(資格)isworkinginapositionthatrequireslessqualifications,asforinstanceinthecaseofalawyerdrivingaschoolbus.Inthesecondsense,itmeansworkingpart-timewhenonewouldprefertobeworkingfull-time.Inthethirdsense,itisaformofoverstaffing(人浮于事)inwhichemployeesarenotbeingfullymadeuseof.Allformsofunderemploymenthaveeffectontheeconomyandthehealthofthebusinesscommunity.Long-termunderemploymentcanalsocoverupthetruthbehindtheemploymentsituations.Whennationscollectemploymentstatistics,theyusuallycomeupwithabasenumberof“unemployed”individuals,usingthatnumbertojudgethehealthofthejobmarket.Thisnumberdoesnotincludepart-timeworkerslookingforfull-timejobs,astheyareconsideredemployed,anditalsodoesn’treflectworkerswhoareunderpaid,consideringtheirqualifications.Inthefirstsense,underemploymentisacommonprobleminmanyofthedevelopedworld.Manypeoplewithcollegedegreesareworkinginlow-levelorserviceindustryjobsbecausethejobmarketisfull.Theissueofpart-timeemploymentisalsoveryserious.Somepeopleareforcedintopart-timejobs,whileothersfindthemselvestakingapart-timejobbecausenothingelseisavailable,eventhoughtheyreallyneedtoworkfull-time.Thisproblemisespeciallycommoninareaswithseasonalemployment,whereemployersfinditcheapertomaintainandlayoffpart-timestaffs,ratherthankeepingafullstaffatalltimes.Inthesenseofshortageofworkers,underemploymentappearsinavarietyofsituations.Somecompaniesmaintainafullstafftobepreparedforseasonalwork,ortokeepwell-trained,qualifiedworkerssothattheywillbeavailablewhenneeded.Laborlawsandunionpressuresmayalsopreventacompanyfromcuttingdownonstafforworkinghours,leadingtoasituationinwhichpeoplereporttowork,buthavenothingtodo.1.Thepurposeofthepassageis.A.toshowunderemploymentisbecomingmoreserioustodayB.toimplywomenarelaidoffmorethanmenC.toexplainthemeaningof“underemployment”D.totellthepresenteconomicsituations2.Accordingtothetext,underemploymentmeans.A.thesamemeaningastheword—unemployedB.employeesarenotfullytakenchargedofC.qualifiedworkersgetalowsalaryD.peoplewhodomanualworkforwages3.Whenitcomestounemploymentstatistics,.A.theunderpaidworkersareincludedB.itimpliesthepeoplewhoarejoblessC.thepart-timeemployeesareincludedD.itshowstheemploymentsituationofacountry4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEtothe4thand5thparagraph?A.Underemploymentonlyoccursinadvancedcountries.B.Peoplewithcollegedegreessometimestakeapart-timejob.C.Part-timestaffsseemsbenefitfromfirmsless.D.Companiesneedfull-timestaffsindeed.5.Somecompaniesmaintainafullstaff.A.tocompetewithothersinthefutureB.tomakepreparationsforseasonalworkC.togettheskilledworkerspaidD.toobeylaborlawsandunionpressures【參考答案】1—5、CBBAB閱讀理解。Asayounggirlgrowingupinthe1930s,Ialwayswantedtoflyaplane,butbackthenitwasalmostunheardofforawomantodothat.Igotatasteofthatdreamin2001,whenmyhusbandarrangedformetorideinahotairballoonformybirthday.Buttheexperienceturnedouttobeverydull.Aroundthattime,ItoldmyhusbandthatIwantedtoskydive.Sowhenourretirementcommunityannouncedthattheywerehavinganessaycompetitionandthetopicwasanexperienceofalifetimethatyouwantedtohave,Idecidedtowriteaboutmydream.Intheessay,Iwroteaboutmydesiretoskydive,statingGeorgeBrushSr.diditatage80.Whynotme?Iwasjust84andinprettygoodhealth.AyearwentbyandIheardnothing.ButthenatacommunitypartyinlateApril2009,theyannouncedthatIwasoneofthewinners.Ijustcouldn’tbelieveit.Inspiredbythis,Idecidedtorealizemydream,eventhoughsomeofmyfamilymembersandmydoctorwereagainstit.OnJune11,2009,nearly40ofmyfamilyandfriendsgatheredintheareaclosetowhereIwouldlandwhileIheadedupintheairplane.Myinstructor,Jay,guidedmethroughtheexperience.TheplanewasthenoisiestoneIhadeverbeenin,butIwasn’tfrightened—Iwasreallyjustlookingforwardtotheexperience.Whenwereached13,000feet,Jayinstructedmetothrowmyselfoutoftheplane.Whenwefirsthittheair,thewindwassostrongthatIcouldhardlybreathe.ForasecondIthought,“WhathaveIgottenmyselfinto?”Buttheneverythinggotcalmer.WewereinafreefallforaboutaminutebeforeJayopenedtheparachute（降落傘）,thenwejustfloateddownwardforaboutfiveminutes.BeingupinthecloudsandlookingattheviewbelowwasunlikeanythingIhaveeverfelt—muchbetterthanthehotairballoon.Iwasjustenjoyingit.源:學#科#網(wǎng)Z#X#X#K]Skydivingwasreallyoneofthegreatestexperiencesofmylife.Ihopeotherpeoplewilllookatmeandrealizethatyoudon’tstoplivingjustbecauseyouare84yearsold.Ifthere’ssomethingyouwanttoexperience,lookintoit.Ifit’ssomethingthatispossible,makeithappen.6.Whathappenedtotheauthorin2001?A.Sheflewanairplane.B.Sheenteredacompetition.C.Shewentonahotairballoonride.D.Shemovedintoaretirementcommunity.7.TheauthormentionedGeorgeBushSr.inheressayto.A.makeherargumentpersuasiveB.showheradmirationforhimC.comparetheirhealthconditionD.buildupherownreputation8.Howdidtheauthorfeelimmediatelyaftershejumpedoutoftheplane?A.Excited. B.Regretful. C.Nervous. D.Scared.9.Whatdidtheauthorenjoymostwhenshewasskydiving?A.Thebeautifulclouds. B.Thewonderfulview.C.ThecompanyofJay. D.Theone-minutefreefall.10.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage? A.Impossibleisnothing. B.Adreammadecometrue. C.Anunforgettableskydiving. D.IWentSkydivingat84!【參考答案6--10】CABBD 閱讀理解。AnideathatstartedinSeattle'spubliclibraryhasspreadthroughoutAmericaandbeyond.Theconceptissimple:helptobuildasenseofcommunityinacitybygettingeveryonetoreadthesamebookatthesametime.Inadditiontoencouragingreadingasapursuit(追求)tobeenjoyedbyall,theprogramallowsstrangerstocommunicatebydiscussingthebookonthebus,aswellaspromotingreadingasanexperiencetobesharedinfamiliesandschools.TheideacamefromSeattlelibrarianNancyPearlwholaunched(發(fā)起)the"IfAllofSeattleReadtheSameBook"projectin1998.Heroriginalprogramusedauthorvisits,studyguidesandbookdiscussiongroupstobringpeopletogetherwithabook,buttheideahassinceexpandedtomanyotherAmericancities,andeventoHongKong.InChicago,themayor(市長)appearedontelevisiontoannouncethechoiceofToKillaMockingbirdasthefirstbookinthe"OneBook,OneChicago"program.Asaresult,readingclubsandneighborhoodgroupsspranguparoundthecity.AcrosstheUS,storiesemergedofparentsandchildrenreadingtoeachotheratnightandstrangerschattingawayonthebusaboutplotandcharacter.TheonlyproblemaroseinNewYork,wherelocalreaderscouldnotdecideononebooktorepresentthehugeanddiversepopulation.Thismayshowthattheideaworksbestinmedium-sizedcitiesorlargetowns,whereagreatersenseofunitycanbeachieved.OritmayshowthatNewYorkersrathermissedthepoint,puttingalltheirenergyanUltimately,asNancypointsout,thelevelofsuccessisnotmeasuredbyhowmanypeoplereadabook,butbyhowmanypeopleareenrichedbytheprocess,orhaveenjoyedspeakingtosomeonewithwhomtheywouldnototherwisehavesharedaword.11.WhatisthepurposeoftheprojectlaunchedbyNancy?A.Toinviteauthorstoguidereaders.B.Toencouragepeopletoreadandshare.C.Toinvolvepeopleincommunityservice.D.Topromotethefriendshipbetweencities.12.WhywasitdifficultforNewYorkerstocarryouttheproject?A.Theyhadlittleinterestinreading.B.Theyweretoobusytoreadabook.C.Theycamefrommanydifferentbackgrounds.D.Theylackedsupportfromthelocalgovernment.13.Accordingtothepassage,wherewouldtheprojectbemoreeasilycarriedout?A.Inlargecommunitieswithlittlesenseofunity.B.Inlargecitieswherelibrariesarefarfromhome.C.Inmedium-sizedcitieswithadiversepopulation.D.Inlargetownswhereagreementcanbequicklyreached.14.Theunderlinedwords“sharedaword”inParagraph5probablymean.A.exchangedideaswitheachotherB.discussedthemeaningofawordC.gainedlifeexperienceD.usedthesamelanguage15.AccordingtoNancy,thedegreeofstudentsoftheprojectisjudgedbyA.thecarefulselectionofaproperbookB.thegrowingpopularityofthewritersC.thenumberofpeoplewhobenefitfromreadingD.thenumberofbooksthateachpersonreads【參考答案11--15】BCDAC 【深圳市2022高考英語綜合力氣測試題（5）】信息匹配（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下列應用文及相關信息，并依據(jù)要求匹配信息。請在答題卡上將對應題號的相應選項字母涂黑。首先，請閱讀以下各種狗的說明：ATheSiberianHuskyisamedium-sizedworkingdog,quickandlightonitsfeet.Itshairisusuallyofmediumlength,givingawell-furredappearance.Itisusuallyfriendlyandgentle,soitisnotoverlysuspiciousofstrangersoraggressivewithotherdogs.Thebestexerciseforitisrunning6-7kilometersdaily.Height:51-60cmPrice:$700-1000BThePoodleisdividedintothreekinds:thestandard,theminiandthetoy,withdifferentsizes.ThePoodleisveryproud,withanairofdistinctionanddignitypeculiartoitself,sosometimesitcanbeshyorsharp.Itisalsoconsideredasthebestwatchdog.Height:thestandard-35-60cmthemini-28-35cmthetoy-25-28cmPrice:$1000-1500CTheDobermanPinscherdogisusuallytrainedformilitaryandpoliceuse.Compactlybuilt,muscularandpowerful,itisfamousforenduranceandspeed.Itislively,alert(警覺的),firm,smart,loyalandobedient(聽從的).It'seasytotrainbutdoesn'tgetalongwellwithotherdogs.Ithassurprisingweightandstrength,inordertosuppresspotentialattacks.Height:30-36cmPrice:$600-1000DThefirstimpressionoftheBelgianTervurenisthatitisawell-balanced,medium-sizeddog.Inadditiontoitsabilityasaherdingdog(牧羊犬),itprotectsitsmasterandhisorherpropertywithoutbeingoverlyaggressive.Itiswatchful,attentive,andusuallyinmotionwhennotundercommand.Initsrelationshipwithhumans,itisobservantandalerttostrangers,butitdoesnotshowfearorshyness.Itwouldnotattackpeoplewithoutbeingcommanded.Height:56-66cmprice:$1500–1800EChihuahuasarenotonlycutesmalldogs,butalsohavegreathuntingandguardinginstincts.Theyarealert,withattitudesofself-importance,confidenceandself-reliance.Thoughtheyspendmostofthetimeathome,theyneed8abathatleastonceamonth,becauseofthelonghairwhicheasilypicksupdirt.Also,theirnailsgrowveryfastandarerelativelythick,sotheysh80uldbetakencareofregularly.Height:15-23cmPrice:$500-800FTheboxer,withaprettystrongshapeandappearance,issurprisinglymild.Itisclosetopeople,especiallytochildren.Ithasrichfeelingsandcanbeeasilytrained.Normally,itisusedasguarddogandevenguidedogfortheblind.Becauseitscomplianceisgood,itisanidealpartner.Height:53-63cmPrice:$1200–1600請閱讀以下人物信息，然后匹配他們最可能選擇的狗：46.MarkworksfortheFBIandheislookingforadozentraineddogsforthecomingsearch. Theyshouldbestrongly-built,soastoworkunderdifficultsituations.Theyshouldalsobe sensitivetosuspiciouscriminalsandabletofightinattacks.What'smore,hehasa