04-選擇性必修第一冊Unit-2綜合檢測(人教版2019)

2023年高考英語一輪復習講練測(人教版2019)選擇性必修第一冊Unit2綜合能力檢測(100分鐘120分)第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAreyouinterestedinworkingwithanimals?Nowherecomesthechance.KirbyWildlifeParkhassetuptheuniqueKeeperExperience.Thefantasticexperienceisavailabletoanyoneovertheageof18whoisreasonablyfit.Weregretthatforhealthandsafetyreasons,peoplewhoarepregnant,inawheelchairorsufferingfromillnesscannottakepart.Atypicalday9:15Arrival9:30HealthandSafetyBriefing10:00ApesandMonkeysWhilecleaningoutenclosures(圍場),youwillfindouthowtoenrichenclosureswithnovelitemsandnewsmellstostimulatetheanimals’sensesandimitatetheirnaturalenvironment.12:00Lunch14:00BigCatsYouwillfeedthecatsandlearnabouttheirnutritionalneeds.Thekeeperwillgiveyouanintroductiontohowcats’behaviorcanbereadtogetanideaoftheirwelfareandhealth.16:30MeettheTeamMeetmoreofthestaffandlearnhowyoucangetfurtherinvolvedwithworkatthepark.Learnaboutouranimaladoptionplan,whatittakestobegoodkeeperandwheretoobtaintherightqualificationsforacareerinanimalwelfare.Bookingandcancellation(撤銷)TheKeeperExperienceisavailableonMondays,WednesdaysandFridaysthroughouttheyear,andmustbebookedatleastfourteendaysinadvance.Fullpaymentisneededwhenbooking.Cancellationsmustbemademorethanoneweekbeforetheevent,oryouwon’treceiveafullrefund.1.WhatcanyoudoinKeeperExperienceinKirbyWildlifePark?A.Batheanimals.B.Buyananimal.C.Feedapesandmonkeys.D.Createnaturalenvironmentforanimals.2.Whencanyoulearnabouttheanimaladoptionplan?A.At9:30 B.At10:00C.At14:00 D.At16:303.WhatcanbeknownaboutKeeperExperience?A.Itisavailabletoanyhealthyadult.B.Itshouldbebookedatleasttwoweeksaheadofschedule.C.Itoffersfreechancetopeopletoworkaskeepers.D.Itwillgiveafullrefundafterreceivingcancellations.BBytheyear2050,afifthoftheworld’scitieswillexperienceunprecedentedclimateconditionsandenvironmentsthatcurrentlydon’texistinanymajorcities,accordingtonewresearch.AteamofscientistsattheCrowtherLabinSwitzerlandproducedthereport,whichdescribedtheclimatefor520majorcities30yearsinthefuture.Theresultsshowedthat77percentoftheworld’scitieswillexperienceasurprisingchangeinclimateconditionsby2050,and22percentofthe520citieswillseeconditionsthatarenotcurrentlyexperiencedbyanyexistingmajorcities.InChinain2050,theclimateofXi’an,inShaanxiprovince,willbesimilartothatofcurrentdayMaseru,thecapitalcityofLesothoinsouthernAfrica,withthemaximumtemperatureofthewarmestmonthlikelytoincreaseby4.59℃.ChongqinginsouthwestChinawillresembletheclimateofSwazilandcapitalMbabane,asthewarmesttemperatureispredictedtoriseby5.1℃.ScientistspredictsummersinEuropewillgetwarmerbyanaverageof3.5℃andEuropeanwinterswillseetemperaturerisesof4.7℃.London’sclimatewillbemoresimilarloBarcelona,andMadrid’stoMarrakech.TheCrowtherLabhopestheanalysiswillmotivatedecision-makerstotakenecessarystepstopreventoraddresssomeoftheclimateeffectsduetothethreatofclimatechange.Thereportalsofoundthatcitiesintropicalregionswillexperiencesmallerchangesinaveragetemperaturebutwillbecontrolledbyshiftsinrainfallregimes.Thismayleadtoanoticeableincreaseinunexpectedevents,andseveredroughts.“Acrossallscientificfields,thegreatestchallengeinclimatescienceisnolongertheprecisemeasurementofclimatechangeimpacts,butinspiringpeopletopictureisactualeffectsinordertomotivateaction,”saidTomCrowther,seniorscientistandfounderoftheCrowtherLab.4.Accordingtotheresearch,amongthe520citiesby2050,about______citieswillexperiencetheclimateconditionsthatnomajorcitiescurrentlyhaveexperienced.A.400B.114C.260D.1045.Howdidthescientistsprovetheirresult?A.Bylistingfigures.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bydoingexperiments.D.Byexplainingtheory.6.WhatistheCrowtherLabintendedfor?A.Tocomparetheclimatechangeofthemajorcitiesoftheworld.B.Toinspirepeopletopictureitsactualeffectsinordertomotivateaction.C.Toinspiredecision-makerstotakenecessarystepstopreventsomeclimateeffects.D.Toshowmostworld’scitieswillexperienceastrikingchangeinclimateconditions.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.WorldTemperatureB.CurrentClimateChangeC.BigTitlesintheWorldD.FutureClimateChangeinMostBigCities【解析】選D。標題歸納題。文章主要介紹了對未來的一些大城市氣候變化的預測。D項:“一些大城市的未來氣候變化”符合題意。故選D。CAninternationalteamofscientistshasdiscoveredastellarblackholeinEarth’s“cosmicbackyard”containingthemassof70suns.It’sablackholethatformsafterstarsdie,collapse,andexplode.Researchershadlongbelievedthatthesizelimitwasonly20timesthemassofoursunbecauseasthesestarsdie,theylosemostoftheirmassthroughexplosionsthatforcematterandgassweptawaybystellarwinds.ThistheoryhasnowbeentoppledbyLB-1,thenewlydiscoveredblackhole.Locatedabout15,000lightyearsaway,ithasamass70timesgreaterthanoursun,accordingtoapressreleasefromtheChineseAcademyofSciences.“Blackholesofsuchmassshouldnotevenexistinourgalaxy(星系),accordingtomostofthepresentmodelsofstellarevolution,”saidLiuJifeng,headoftheteamthatmadethediscovery.“LB-1istwiceasmassiveaswhatwethoughtpossible.Nowtheoristswillhavetotakeupthechallengeofexplainingitsformation.”ScientistsarenowscratchingtheirheadsathowLB-1gotsohuge.Theteamhasproposedsometheories.LB-1’ssheersizesuggeststhatit“wasnotformedfromthecollapseofonlyonestar,”thestudysaid—instead,itcouldpotentiallybetwosmallerblackholesorbitingeachother.Anotherpossibilityisthatitformedfrom“fallbacksupernova(超行星).”Thisiswhenasupernova—thelaststageofanexplodingstar—ejects(噴射)materialduringtheexplosion,whichthenfallsbackintothesupernova,creatingablackhole.Thisfallbackformationistheoreticallypossible,butscientistshaveneverbeenabletoproveorobserveit.ThereareseveraltypesofblackholesandstellarblackholeslikeLB-1areonthetwosmallersides,accordingtoNASA.Supermassiveblackholesaremuchbigger—theycanbebillionsoftimesthemassofoursun.Scientistsbelievesupermassiveblackholesmayhaveconnectionwiththeformationofgalaxies,astheyoftenexistatthecenterofthemassstarstemsbutitisstillnotclearexactlyhow,orwhichformfirst.8.Accordingtoscientists,whatmightaccountfortheformationofLB-1?A.Thematerialejectedintheexplosionofasupernova.B.Thetwosmallerblackholesmovingaroundeachother.C.Theevolutionofthesolarsystem.D.Thecollapseofacertainstar.9.Whatdoestheword“toppled”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Confirmed. B.Strengthened.C.Overturned. D.Refused.10.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?A.Toinformreadersofthebasicknowledgeaboutblackholes.B.Tosharetherecentdevelopmentoftheblackholediscovery.C.Toshowtheimportanceofdiscoveringblackholesforscience.D.Toreportachievementsscientistshavemadeinblackholetheory.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheLatestDiscoveryofGalaxiesB.ProposedTheoriesofBlackHolesC.ThePossibleFormationoftheBlackHolesD.BiggestStellar-massBlackHoleDiscoveredDBillGates’bodymightliveinthepresent,buthisbrainlivesinthefuture.Hehasmadeacareeroutofpredictingwhatwillhappeninmattersofcomputing,publichealthandtheenvironment.Hecorrectlypredictedtheriseofsmartphonesandsocialmedia,andhislatestpredictionscouldcometrue,too.Here’swhatGatespredictsforthefutureofourworld.InhisAnnualLetter2015,GatesmadethepredictionthatAfrica’sagricultureindustrywouldincreaseproductivityby50%by2030.Nowthecontinentbuysabout$50billionworthoffoodfromothercountrieseachyear,although70%ofpeopleinAfricaarefarmers.“Inthenext15years,however,creationsinfarmingwillsolvethefoodprobleminAfrica,”Gateswrote.“Theworldhasalreadydevelopedcropsthataremoreproductive;withallthetechnologies,Africanfarmerscouldpossiblydoubletheirharvests.”By2035,therecouldbealmostnopoorcountries.InhisAnnualLetter2014,Gatesbravelypredictedthatcontinuedlevelsofforeignhelpcouldmeantherewouldbealmostnomorepoorcountriesby2035.“Almostallcountrieswillbewhatwenowcalllower-middleincomeorricher,”Gatesexplained.“Countrieswilllearnfromtheirmostproductiveneighborsandbenefitfromthingslikebetterseedsandthedigitalrevolution.”By2030,theworldwilldiscoveraclean-energybreakthroughtopowerourworld.OneofGates’morehopefulpredictionswhichcamein2016saidthatwind,solar,orsomeotherrenewableresourceswouldpowermostoftheworldwithin15years.“Thedifficultywefaceisbig,perhapsbiggerthanmanypeopleimagine,”hewroteinhisletter.“Butsoisthechancetomakethingsbetter.”Manyofthepoorcountrieshevisitedhadnorunningwaterorelectricity.Atnightthismeanttheycouldn’tlightorpowertheirhomes,andkeepbusinessesopen.“Iftheworldcanfindatypeofcheap,cleanenergy,itwilldomorethanpreventclimatechange,”hewrote.“Itwillchangethelivesofmillionsofthepoorestfamilies.”12.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofGates’predictions?A.Theysoundquiteunreal.B.Theyaremainlyaboutcomputers.C.Theywillprobablycometrue.D.Theyhaven’tproducedanyendresult.13.HowistheagricultureinAfrica?A.Itislosingitsworkforce.B.Itisinneedofproductivity.C.Itcansatisfythelocalneeds.D.ItisasbackwardasAfrica’sindustry.14.WhatshouldpoorcountriesdoaccordingtoGates?A.Useexpensiveseeds.B.Expectlessforeignhelp.C.Relyonthedigitalrevolution.D.Learnfromtheexperienceofothercountries.15.What’sGates’attitudetoclean-energydevelopment?A.It’snoeasytask.B.It’shardtoimagine.C.Itcanputclimatechangetoanend.D.Ithaslittletodowithpoorfamilies.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Isittimetoditch(丟棄)sugar?It’snosecretthatsugarcancauseissuesifyou’reindulging(放任)inalittletoomuchofthesweetstuff.Still,mostAmericansareeatingtoomuchsugar.Theharmfuleffectsitcanhaveonyourphysicalhealtharewellstudied.16.SugarcanaffectyourmoodYouprobablyturntoadoughnut(甜甜圈)orsodaforanextraboostduringalongday.Yetsugarmaynotbesuchapositivepick-me-upafterall.Recentresearchindicatesthatsugarytreatshavenopositiveeffectonmood.17.Onestudypublishedin2017foundthatconsumingadiethighinsugarcanincreasethechancesofmooddisorders.Amorerecent2019studyfoundthatregularconsumptionofsaturatedfats(飽和脂肪)andaddedsugarswererelatedtohigherfeelingsofanxietyinadultsoverage60.18

It’shardtoavoidreachingforcomfortfoods,especiallyafteradifficultday.Butthecycleofconsumingsugartomanageyouremotionsmayonlymakeyourfeelingsofsadness,tiredness,orhopelessnessworse.Multiplestudieshavefoundalinkbetweendietshighinsugaranddepression.19.Thesecanleadtodepressionandmayevenincreasethelong-termriskofdevelopingamentalhealthdisorderinsomepeople.SugardestroysyourbrainpowerEmergingresearchhasfoundthatdietshighinsugarcandamagecognitivefunctioning,evenintheabsenceofextremeweightgainortoomuchenergyintake.A2015studyfoundthatconsuminghighlevelsofsugar-sweeteneddrinksmadeneurocognitivefunctionslikedecisionmakingandmemoryworse.20.Butamorerecentstudyfoundthathealthyvolunteersintheir20sscoredworseonmemorytestsandhadpoorerappetitecontrolafterjust7daysofeatingadiethighinsaturatedfatandaddedsugars.Althoughmorestudiesareneededtosolidifytheeffectsonmentalhealthofsugarconsumption,it’simportanttoconsiderhowdietcanaffectyourwell-being.A.Granted,theresearchwasdoneonratsB.SugarcanweakenyourabilitytodealwithstressC.Ifyou’redyingforsweets,here’swhattoeatinsteadD.Infact,sugarmayhavetheoppositeeffectovertimeE.SugarcanincreaseyourriskfordevelopingdepressionF.However,theeffectonmentalhealthisworthtakingasecondlookG.Overconsumptionofsugartriggersimbalancesincertainbrainchemicals第二部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。ToTheStrand’sfamilyandfriends,TheStrand’staskhasalwaysbeensimple.Itistogetgood21inthehandsofreaders.Forover93years,the22mygrandfatherfoundedhasbecomesomuchmorethanjustabookstore—TheStrandhasbecomeacommunitycenter,welcomingallbook23withopenarms.Inorderto24TheStrandasabusiness,withnoincomeandnoclearideaastowhenwecan25ourdoor,wehavehadtotemporarilyfirethemostofourworkers.Duetotherapid26ofCOVID-19,wemakethe27tocloseourdoorsaweekbeforethegovernmentorder,aswefeltitwasunsafeforour28andcommunity.Thisisthefirsttimeinour29thatwehavehadtohavealayoff(裁員).Allofourworkershavebeen30fortheweekandwearepayingoutanyvacation.Wearealsoworkingwithourunionandourproviderstoextend(延長)healthinsuranceaslongaspossible.WeknowthatitisourbooksellersthatmakeTheStrandso31,soourgoalisto32thissowecanrehireeveryemployeeassoonaspossible.Wewon’t33now.WehaveputforwardarequesttotheGovernor’sofficeinordertoregainourabilitytostartonlineandphoneordersas34aspossible.Westronglybelievethatourbooksareaveryimportantresource(資源)theworldcould35userightnow.21.A.goods B.articles C.books D.letters22.A.school B.hospitalC.community D.bookstore23.A.writers B.lovers C.sellers D.posters24.A.keep B.find C.collect D.change25.A.repack B.repayC.reopen D.repair26.A.spread B.lossC.recovery D.control27.A.decision B.suggestionC.belief D.comment28.A.designers B.workersC.employers D.managers29.A.question B.serviceC.history D.reply30.A.served B.greetedC.charged D.paid31.A.strange B.comfortableC.normal D.popular32.A.getthrough B.getbackC.playwith D.keepoff33.A.showoff B.giveupC.pickout D.comeout34.A.much B.soon C.well D.often35.A.finally B.almost C.really D.never第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Wearecurrentlylivinginaworld36.__________rapidadvancesinmedicineandtechnologyinfluenceourliveson37.__________regularbasis.Onetechnology,whichinrecentyears38.__________(develop)veryquickly,iscloning.Clonesrefertoanimalsorplantsthatareproducedtobeexact39.__________(copy)ofoneanother.Clonesofdifferentkindsareproducedinvariousways,andtheyhavebecome40._______(value)inmanymedicalapplicationsandbiologicalexperiments.Mostareproducedinthelaboratory,withsomeofthem41.________(occur)inseveralspeciesinanaturalway.Areportin2018hadpicturesofMacaquemonkeysthathadbeenclonedsuccessfully.Sincetheyareprimates(靈長目動物)likeus,itgetsustocomeeven42.________(close)tofindtherightproceduresofthecloningofhumans.Thiscomestothequestionwhywewouldneedorwanttodothis.Woulditbe43.__________thebestinterestofhumankindtodevelopthistechnology?Besides,themoralquestionsthatwillberaised44.__________(be)unbelievable,andwoulditbeanaccomplishmentthatcouldbenefithumankindenough45.__________(balance)theilleffectsthatitmightproduce?第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)隨著社會的發(fā)展,各種發(fā)明以及高科技產(chǎn)品成為我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹谋匦杵?如手機(mobilephone)、數(shù)碼相機(digitalcamera)等。請以MyFavouriteInvention為主題,準備一篇發(fā)言稿,主要內(nèi)容包括:1.你喜歡的科技產(chǎn)品;2.喜歡的理由。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.開頭和結尾已給出,不計入總詞數(shù)。Hello,everyone,I’dliketomakeaspeechwiththetitle:MyFavouriteInvention.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall.Thankyou.第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構成一篇完整的短文。Desiree,a4-year-oldgirl,wassobbingquietlyoverherfather,Ken,whohaddiedninemonthsearlier.Shewashuggingaphotographofherfatherwithherfingersrunningaroundhisface.“Daddy”,shesaidsoftly,“Whywon’tyoucomeback?”Insteadofgraduallyadjustingtoherfather’sdeath,Desireerefusedtoacceptit“Daddywillbehomesoon,”she’dtellhermother.“He’satwork.”Whensheplayedwithhertoytelephone,shepretendedshewaschattingwithherfather“Imissyou,Daddy,”she’dsay.“Whenwillyoucomeback?”Desiree’ssituationmadehermotherworried.Dayslater,itwasKen’sbirthday.“HowwillIsendhimacard?”Desireeaskedhermother“Howaboutifwetiealettertoaballoon.”hermothersaid,“andsendituptoheaven?”Desiree’seyesimmediatelylitup.HermothertookhertoastoreandDesireepickedoutaballoonwithHAPPYBIRTHDAYaboveadrawingofTheLittleMermaid(美人魚).Desireeandherfatherhadoftenwatchedit.Thechild’seyesshoneastheywereonthewaytoKen’sgrave.ThenDesireedictated(口述)alettertoherDad.“Daddy,Happybirthday,Iloveyouandmissyou,”sherattledoff(快速說).“IhopeyougetthisandcanwritetomeonmybirthdayinJanuary.”Hermotherwrotethemessageandtheiraddressonasmallpieceofpaper,whichwasthenwrappedinplasticandtiedtotheendofthestringontheballoon.Finally,Desireeflewtheballoon.Foralmostanhour,theywatchedtheshiningspotofsilvergrowsmallerandsmallertilldisappear.“NowDad’sgoingtowritebacktome,”Desireesaidconfidently.Everydaysincetheyflewtheballoon,Desireehadaskedhermother,“DoyouthinkDaddyhasmyballoonyet?”Severalweekspassed,andshestoppedasking.注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右。Oneday,3,000milesaway,Wadewasonaduckhuntwhensuddenlysomethinginthebushcaughthiseyes.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Desire’sfifthbirthdaycameandlaterontheafternoon,apackagearrived.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)A【文章大意】本文為廣告。文章主要講述了Kirby野生動物園向人們發(fā)出做動物管理員的邀請并詳細介紹了活動的安排。1.【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Atypicalday”部分可知,你可以利用新奇的物品和新的氣味給動物們創(chuàng)造出它們的自然環(huán)境。故選D。2.【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Atypicalday”部分中的“16:30MeettheTeam”的內(nèi)容可知,16:30時,你可以見到更多的工作人員并了解如何進一步參與公園的工作以及動物收養(yǎng)計劃。故選D。3.【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知,要體驗飼養(yǎng)員的話,必須至少提前兩星期預定。故選B。B【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。通過數(shù)據(jù)列舉講述了到2050年,世界上許多大城市的氣候將變暖,呼吁人類要盡快采取措施。4.【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段可知,520個城市中的22%大約就是114,所以到2050年,大約有114個城市將面臨氣候條件的變化。故選B。5.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段,第三段和第四段中所列舉的具體數(shù)據(jù)可知,這些科學家通過列出具體的數(shù)據(jù)來佐證他們的研究結果。故選A。6.【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段可知,theCrowtherLab的目的就是激勵決策者采取必要的措施來防止一些氣候影響。故選C。7.【解析】選D。標題歸納題。文章主要介紹了對未來的一些大城市氣候變化的預測。D項:“一些大城市的未來氣候變化”符合題意。故選D。C【文章大意】本文是一篇科普說明文,主要是與讀者分享黑洞發(fā)現(xiàn)的新進展。8.【解析】選B。細節(jié)理解題。由文章的第六、七段“Scientistsarenow...eachother.”可知LB-1不是由一顆行星的爆炸解體形成的,而是兩個小的黑洞相互環(huán)繞形成的,由此可知B選項為正確答案。9.【解析】選C。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上下文“Thistheory...Sciences.”可知LB-1是一個新的黑洞理論,與原先研究人員認為的不同,故前文所講述的黑洞理論將會被推翻或否認,從而可以猜測toppled為“推翻”之意。結合選項可知C選項為正確答案。10.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。閱讀全文可知,文章主要圍繞黑洞新發(fā)現(xiàn)展開,包括黑洞如何形成、黑洞的大小等,因此可推知,作者寫這篇文章是為了與讀者分享黑洞發(fā)現(xiàn)的新進展,故B選項為正確答案。11.【解析】選D。標題歸納題。根據(jù)文章圍繞的“黑洞新發(fā)現(xiàn)”以及“Thereareseveral...oursun有幾種類型的黑洞,LB-1還算是小的,據(jù)NASA顯示,超級黑洞可能是太陽的數(shù)十億倍大”可知新發(fā)現(xiàn)的黑洞是超級大的,原先理論認為黑洞大約只有太陽的20倍,可知最新發(fā)現(xiàn)的黑洞是最大的,綜上所述可知D選項“BiggestStellar-massBlackHoleDiscovered”概括最為貼切、全面,故D選項為正確答案。D【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了BillGates對于未來世界的預測,他預測到2030年非洲農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力將提高50%,到2035年將幾乎沒有貧窮國家以及到2030年世界對于清潔能源的發(fā)現(xiàn)會有突破,并為我們的世界提供能源。12.【解析】選C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知Gates正確地預測了智能手機和社交媒體的崛起,他的最新預測也有可能成為現(xiàn)實。由此可知,作者認為Gates的預測很可能會成為現(xiàn)實。故選C。13.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中第一句可知Gates在2015年的年度信中預測,到2030年,非洲農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力將提高50%。由此可推知,非洲的農(nóng)業(yè)需要生產(chǎn)力。故選B。14.【解析】選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知各國將向生產(chǎn)力最高的鄰國學習,并從更好的種子和數(shù)字革命等方面獲益。由此可知,貧窮國家應該學習其他國家的經(jīng)驗。故選D。15.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知,Gates認為發(fā)展清潔能源不是一件容易的事。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了糖對心理健康的影響。16.【解析】選F。文章主要講糖對心理健康的影響,此處引出下文并與上文形成轉折,F選項“然而,對心理健康的影響值得再看一眼”切題。故選F。17.【解析】選D。由小標題“Sugarcanaffectyourmood”(糖會影響你的情緒)及空前內(nèi)容可知,糖會影響人的情緒,對情緒沒有積極影響,說明糖對情緒的影響是消極的,承接上下文,D選項“事實上,隨著時間的推移,糖可能會產(chǎn)生相反的效果”切題。故選D。18.【解析】選E。由第四段可知,用糖來控制抑郁情緒只會更糟,高糖飲食與抑郁癥之間存在聯(lián)系,說明糖會增加抑郁癥的風險,E選項“糖會增加你患抑郁癥的風險”能概括本段內(nèi)容。故選E。19.【解析】選G。本段在分析糖會增加抑郁癥風險的原因,該空填寫內(nèi)容應與其原因相關,銜接下文,G選項“過度消耗糖會引發(fā)某些大腦化學物質(zhì)的失衡”切題。故選G。20.【解析】選A。A選項中的“theresearch”對應上一句中的“A2015study”,該空是對上一句研究結果的肯定,表明此處研究結果真實可靠,承接上文,A選項“當然,這項研究是在老鼠身上進行的”切題。故選A。第二部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)【文章大意】這是一篇應用文。文章是斯特蘭德書店寫給外界的一封信,講述了在新冠病毒肆虐的環(huán)境下書店不得不暫時關門,并且書店正在努力能夠盡快恢復運營。21.【解析】選C。句意:那就是把好書交到讀者手中。根據(jù)“inthehandsofreaders”可知,此處是指把好書交到讀者手里。故選C。22.【解析】選D。句意:在過去的93年里,我祖父創(chuàng)立的書店已經(jīng)不僅僅是一家書店了。根據(jù)“morethanjustabookstore”可知,此處是指這個書店。故選D。23.【解析】選B。句意:斯特蘭德已經(jīng)成為一個社區(qū)中心,張開雙臂歡迎所有的圖書愛好者。根據(jù)“TheStrand’staskhasalwaysbeensimple.Itistogetgoodbooksinthehandsofreaders.”(斯特蘭德的任務一直很簡單。那就是把好書交到讀者手中。)可知,斯特蘭德是為圖書愛好者開放的。故選B。24.【解析】選A。句意:為了維持斯特蘭德公司的經(jīng)營,我們沒有收入,也不清楚什么時候能重新開門,我們不得不暫時解雇大部分員工。在沒有收入的情況下解雇大部分員工是為了維持經(jīng)營。故選A。25.【解析】選C。根據(jù)“ourdoor”可知,此處是指重新開門。故選C。26.【解析】選A。句意:由于新冠病毒的迅速傳播,我們在接到政府命令的前一周決定關門,因為我們覺得這對我們的工人和社區(qū)來說不安全。根據(jù)“ofCOVID-19”可知,此處是指新冠病毒的迅速傳播。故選A。27.【解析】選A。根據(jù)“tocloseourdoors”可知,此處是指做出關門的決定。故選A。28.【解析】選B。此處it是指新冠病毒的迅速傳播,如果不關門,這對工人和社區(qū)都是不安全的。故選B。29.【解析】選C。句意:這是我們公司歷史上第一次不得不裁員。根據(jù)“Thisisthefirsttime”可知,此處是指這是這家公司歷史上第一次不得不裁員。故選C。30.【解析】選D。句意:我們所有的工人都已領到了當周的工資,我們將支付休假費。此處是指所有的工人都已領到了當周的工資。故選D。31.【解析】選D。根據(jù)前文“TheStrandhasbecomeacommunitycenter”(斯特蘭德已成為一個社區(qū)中心)可知,斯特蘭德非常受歡迎。故選D。32.【解析】選A。getthrough度過(難關);getback回來;playwith同……一起玩;keepoff避免,回避。根據(jù)“sowecanrehireeveryemployeeassoonaspossible”可知,此處是指盡快度過難關。故選A。33.【解析】選B。根據(jù)后文“WehaveputforwardarequesttotheGovernor’sofficeinordertoregainourabilitytostartonlineandphoneorders”可知,“我們”在努力想辦法恢復運營,所以“我們”沒有放棄。故選B。34.【解析】選B。句意:我們已經(jīng)向州長辦公室提出請求以盡快恢復我們在線和電話訂購的能力。因為書店運營現(xiàn)在處于停滯狀態(tài),所以是盡早恢復。故選B。35.【解析】選C。句意:我們堅信,我們的書籍是當今世界真正需要的非常重要的資源。此處是指我們的書籍是當今世界真正需要的。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。飛速發(fā)展的醫(yī)學和技術常常影響著我們的生活,其中一項技術就是克隆,本文主要介紹了克隆的概念、現(xiàn)狀以及存在的一些問題。36.【解析】where?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。分析句子結構可以發(fā)現(xiàn),空前是主句,空處引導定語從句,修飾先行詞world,空處在從句中作地點狀語,故用where。37.【解析】a?？疾楣谠~。飛速發(fā)展的醫(yī)學和技術常常影響我們的生活。onaregularbasis“定期地,經(jīng)常地”,故填不定冠詞a。38.【解析】hasdeveloped/hasbeendeveloping。考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語“i