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試卷第=page11頁(yè),共=sectionpages33頁(yè)試卷第試卷第=page11頁(yè),共=sectionpages33頁(yè)Unit1PeopleofAchievement詞匯1.crucial關(guān)鍵的crucially關(guān)鍵地2.vitaladj必不可少的vitallyadv生死攸關(guān)地3.commitv承諾;保證committedadj堅(jiān)定的;堅(jiān)信的commitmentn忠誠(chéng);獻(xiàn)身4.objectiveadj客觀的;n目標(biāo)objectn物體;目標(biāo);v反對(duì)objectionn反對(duì)5.distinctadj清晰的;清楚的;有區(qū)別的distinctionn區(qū)別;差別distinctiveadj獨(dú)特的6.obtainvt贏得;獲得;vi規(guī)章、習(xí)俗的存在obtainableadj可得到的7.acknowledgevt承認(rèn);公開(kāi)感謝acknowledgedadj公認(rèn)的acknowledgementn承認(rèn);感謝8.defeatvt擊敗;戰(zhàn)勝;n挫敗defeatedadj被擊敗的;受挫的9.analysevt分析analystn分析者analysisn分析;化驗(yàn)分析;心理分析10.insistv堅(jiān)持;堅(jiān)決要求insistencen堅(jiān)決要求;堅(jiān)持主張insistentadj堅(jiān)持的;堅(jiān)決要求的11.scientificadj科學(xué)的;關(guān)于科學(xué)的sciencen科學(xué)scientistn科學(xué)家12.conclusionn結(jié)論;推論concludev斷定;完成conclusiveadj結(jié)論性的;毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的13.circumstancen條件;環(huán)境;狀況circumstances(復(fù)數(shù))14.foundvt創(chuàng)建;建立;把...建立在founded(過(guò)去式;過(guò)去分詞)foundern創(chuàng)建者15.inferv推斷;推定inferencen推理;推斷16.politiciann從政者;政治家;政客politicaladj政治上的politicsn.政治;政治事務(wù)(或活動(dòng));(個(gè)人的)政治觀點(diǎn)17.theoryn理論;學(xué)說(shuō)theoreticaladj理論的;假設(shè)的theoreticadj.理論上的,空談的theoristn.理論家18.relativityn.相對(duì)性;相對(duì)論relativeadj相對(duì)的relatev.有聯(lián)系,涉及,關(guān)于relatedadj.有關(guān)系的,有關(guān)聯(lián)的19.gentleadj溫柔的gentlyadv文靜地20.passionadj酷愛(ài);激情passionateadj狂熱的21.consequencen結(jié)果;后果consequentadj隨之發(fā)生的consequently因此;結(jié)果22.remarkableadj非凡的;顯著的remarkn.言論短語(yǔ)1.commitoneselftodo承諾,保證做某事,遵守協(xié)議或安排等2.insiston堅(jiān)決要求3.flowchart流程表4.takeupposition擔(dān)任,任職5.wearandtear(正常使用造成的)磨損,損耗6.cometopower開(kāi)始掌權(quán)上臺(tái)7.sumup總結(jié)概括8.accordingto根據(jù),按照,據(jù)所說(shuō)9.withthehelpof在幫助之下10.dueto由于,因?yàn)?1.leadto導(dǎo)致12.passaway消失,去世13.makegreatcontributionsto對(duì)做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)14.diefrom死于15.graduatefrom從...畢業(yè)16.bychance偶然地accordingto根據(jù)句式1Thesewillhelpyouformabetterimpressionofthesubjectdescribedinthepassage.這些(單詞)將幫助你對(duì)文章中所描述的主題形成一個(gè)更好的印象。

2Artemisininhasbecomeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.青蒿素已經(jīng)成為治療瘧疾的重要組成部分,據(jù)信每年僅在非洲就挽救了10萬(wàn)人的生命。3UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine…”當(dāng)她得知自己被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)時(shí),她說(shuō):“這個(gè)榮譽(yù)不僅僅屬于我……”

4ItisindeedanhonourforChina’sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.中國(guó)的科研和中醫(yī)藥走向世界,確實(shí)是一種榮譽(yù)。

5ItstruckhimthattheotherChinesemeninthephotoapparentlydidnotcareaboutwhatwashappeningtotheirfellowcountrymen.他突然意識(shí)到照片中的其他中國(guó)男子顯然并不關(guān)心他們的同胞發(fā)生了什么。

6ThatwashowhisfirstfamousshortstoryAMadman’sDiarygotpublished.他的第一部著名短篇小說(shuō)《狂人日記》就是這樣出版的。7Hemadenumerouscontributionstotheworld,themostwell-knownbeingthegeneraltheoryofrelativityandthefamousformulaE=mc2.他對(duì)世界做出了許多貢獻(xiàn),最著名的是廣義相對(duì)論和著名的公式E=mc2。教材話(huà)題題型綜合訓(xùn)練詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(一)1.a(chǎn)cademyn.(藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等的)研究院;學(xué)會(huì);專(zhuān)科院校→adj.學(xué)業(yè)的;學(xué)術(shù)的2.evaluatevt.評(píng)價(jià);評(píng)估→n.評(píng)價(jià);評(píng)估3.distinctadj.清晰的;清楚的;有區(qū)別的→n.區(qū)別;差別4.a(chǎn)pparentadj.顯而易見(jiàn)的;明顯的→adv.顯而易見(jiàn);看來(lái);顯然5.gentleadj.溫柔的;文靜的→adv.輕輕地;溫柔地6.gradualadj.逐漸的→adv.逐漸地;逐步地7.remarkv.&n.談?wù)?;評(píng)論→adj.非凡的;顯著的→adv.驚人地8.distant

adj.遙遠(yuǎn)的;遠(yuǎn)處的;疏遠(yuǎn)的;心不在焉的→n.距離9.a(chǎn)utomaticadj.自動(dòng)的→adv.無(wú)意識(shí)地;自動(dòng)地10.prefervt.更喜歡;偏好→n.愛(ài)好;偏愛(ài)【答案】1.a(chǎn)cademic2.evaluation3.distinction4.a(chǎn)pparently5.gently6.gradually7.remarkableremarkably8.distance9.a(chǎn)utomatically10.preference詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(二)11.foundationn.創(chuàng)建;基礎(chǔ);地基→

vt.創(chuàng)立;建立;創(chuàng)辦12.politicaladj.政治的→

n.政治13.locatedadj.位于→n.位置→

vt.把……設(shè)置在;把……建造在14.bakeryn.面包(糕餅)店;面包廠(chǎng)→

vt.烤;烘焙15.vibratevt.&vi.(使)振動(dòng)→

n.振動(dòng);心靈感應(yīng)16.freedomn.自由;不受……影響的狀態(tài)→

adj.免費(fèi)的;自由的;不受約束的vt.使自由;解放;釋放17.distributionn.分布;分配;分發(fā)→

vt.分配;分發(fā)18.licensedadj.得到正式許可的→

vt.批準(zhǔn);許可n.許可證;執(zhí)照19.frequencyn.發(fā)生率;重復(fù)率;(聲波或電磁波振動(dòng)的)頻率→

adj.頻繁的;經(jīng)常發(fā)生的20.violentadj.暴力的;猛烈的→

n.暴力;暴行【答案】11.found12.politics13.locationlocate14.bake15.vibration16.free17.distribute18.license19.frequent20.violence詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(三)21.commitvt.承諾;保證vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活動(dòng)等)→adj.盡心盡力的;堅(jiān)定的;堅(jiān)信的→n.投入;奉獻(xiàn);承諾22.a(chǎn)nalys(z)evt.分析→n.分析23.sciencen.科學(xué)→adj.科學(xué)(上)的;關(guān)于科學(xué)的→n.科學(xué)家24.concludevt.斷定;推斷出→n.結(jié)論;推論25.noveln.(長(zhǎng)篇)小說(shuō)adj.新穎的;新奇的→n.小說(shuō)家26.a(chǎn)cknowledgevt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等);(公開(kāi))感謝→adj.公認(rèn)的→n.承認(rèn);感謝27.gentleadj.溫柔的;文靜的→adv.輕輕地;溫和地→n.溫順;親切28.a(chǎn)cademyn.(藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、科學(xué)等的)研究院;學(xué)會(huì);專(zhuān)科院校→adj.學(xué)業(yè)的;學(xué)術(shù)的29.a(chǎn)pparentadj.顯而易見(jiàn)的;顯然的→adv.顯而易見(jiàn);看來(lái);顯然30.evaluatevt.評(píng)價(jià);評(píng)估→n.評(píng)估,評(píng)價(jià)31.gradualadj.逐漸的;平緩的→adv.逐漸地;逐步地32.distinctadj.清晰的;清楚的;有區(qū)別的→n.區(qū)別,差別【答案】21.committedcommitment22.a(chǎn)nalysis23.scientificscientist24.conclusion25.novelist26.a(chǎn)cknowledgedacknowledgement27.gentlygentleness28.a(chǎn)cademic29.a(chǎn)pparently30.evaluation31.gradually32.distinction詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(四)33.a(chǎn)dj.盡心盡力的;堅(jiān)定的;堅(jiān)信的→vt.承諾;保證(某個(gè)人、機(jī)構(gòu)等)vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活動(dòng)等)→n.投入;承諾34.n.結(jié)論;推論→v.下結(jié)論;得出結(jié)論35.vt.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等);(公開(kāi))感謝→n.承認(rèn)(屬實(shí)、權(quán)威等);(公開(kāi))感謝36.a(chǎn)dj.溫柔的;文靜的→adv.溫柔地;溫和地37.vt.&vi.(使)沸騰;煮開(kāi);燒開(kāi)n.沸騰;沸點(diǎn)→adj.煮開(kāi)的→adj.沸騰的38.a(chǎn)dj.非凡的;顯著的→adv.驚人地→v.&n.談?wù)?;評(píng)論39.n.結(jié)果;后果→adj.隨之發(fā)生的;作為結(jié)果的→adv.結(jié)果;因此40.vt.評(píng)價(jià);評(píng)估→n.評(píng)價(jià);評(píng)估41.a(chǎn)dv.顯而易見(jiàn);看來(lái);顯然→adj.顯而易見(jiàn)的;明顯的42.a(chǎn)dv.逐漸地;逐步地→adj.逐漸的43.vt.分析→n.分析師;分析家→n.分析→(pl.)44.a(chǎn)dj.科學(xué)(上)的;關(guān)于科學(xué)的→adv.合乎科學(xué)地→n.科學(xué)→n.科學(xué)家45.a(chǎn)dj.必不可少的;極其重要的;充滿(mǎn)生機(jī)的→adv.極其【答案】33.committedcommitcommitment34.conclusionconclude35.a(chǎn)cknowledgeacknowledgement36.gentlegently37.boilboiledboiling38.remarkableremarkablyremark39.consequenceconsequentconsequently40.evaluateevaluation41.a(chǎn)pparentlyapparent42.graduallygradual43.a(chǎn)nalyzeanalystanalysisanalyses44.scientificscientificallysciencescientist45.vitalvitally完成句子46.Theheelsofmyshoeshavebeen(磨損).【答案】wornandtorn【詳解】考查形容詞短語(yǔ)。句意:我的鞋跟已經(jīng)磨壞了。根據(jù)句意和中文提示可知,表示“磨損”應(yīng)用wornandtorn,為形容詞短語(yǔ),在本句中作表語(yǔ)。故填wornandtorn。47.However,TuYouyouwouldnot.(承認(rèn)失敗)【答案】acknowledgedefeat【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意:但是屠呦呦不服輸。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思提示可知,此處需要填入“承認(rèn)失敗”;acknowledge意為“承認(rèn)”,為動(dòng)詞;defeat意為“失敗”,不可數(shù);would后加動(dòng)詞原形。故答案為①acknowledge;②defeat。48.Myfriend(堅(jiān)決要求)findingataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.【答案】insistedon/upon【詳解】考查固定搭配。句意:我的朋友堅(jiān)持要給我找輛出租車(chē),盡管我告訴他我住在附近??崭裉幾髦^語(yǔ),根據(jù)狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)told可知,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),結(jié)合漢語(yǔ)提示“堅(jiān)決要求”是固定短語(yǔ)insiston/upon。故空格1填insisted;空格2填on/upon。49.Aftergraduation,mybrother(任職)asaprogrammerinaITcompany.【答案】tookuphisjob【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意:畢業(yè)后,我哥哥在一家IT公司擔(dān)任程序員。根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示可知,此處使用固定短語(yǔ)takeuphisjob“任職”,結(jié)合空前的Aftergraduation可知,事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去,故句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故take用過(guò)去式took。故填tookuphisjob。50.Whenwecomeacrosssuchfactualdifferences,weshouldnot(急于下結(jié)論)thatoneofthenewsreportsgivesfalseinformation.【答案】rushtotheconclusion【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意:當(dāng)我們遇到這樣的事實(shí)分歧時(shí),我們不應(yīng)該急于得出結(jié)論,認(rèn)為其中一篇新聞報(bào)道提供了虛假信息。根據(jù)句意和中文提示可知,表示“急于下結(jié)論”應(yīng)用rushtotheconclusion,為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),在本句中作謂語(yǔ),且情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。故填rushtotheconclusion。51.Theparty

(上臺(tái)執(zhí)政)fouryearsago.(power)【答案】cametopower【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意:該黨四年前上臺(tái)執(zhí)政。根據(jù)中文提示可知,表示“上臺(tái)執(zhí)政”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)cometopower,在本句中作謂語(yǔ),且由fouryearsago可知,這里時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填cametopower。52.They(堅(jiān)持)playingtheirmusiclateatnight.【答案】insiston【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。句意:他們堅(jiān)持在深夜演奏音樂(lè)。根據(jù)提示的漢語(yǔ)可知,表示“堅(jiān)持”應(yīng)為insiston,結(jié)合句意可知,此處描述的是經(jīng)常性發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,所以使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),insiston與句子主語(yǔ)之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且主語(yǔ)為they,所以此處應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞原形。故填insiston。53.Thetruckshowsscarcelyanysignof(磨損).【答案】wearandtear【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)。句意:卡車(chē)幾乎沒(méi)有任何磨損的跡象?!澳p”為名詞短語(yǔ)wearandtear,作賓語(yǔ),故填wearandtear。54.He(堅(jiān)持)doingitalthoughIwarnedhimnotto.(insist)【答案】insistedon【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意:盡管我警告過(guò)他不要做,他還是堅(jiān)持要做。此句為主從復(fù)合句,設(shè)空處在主句中作謂語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)insiston意為“堅(jiān)持”,insistondoingsth意為“堅(jiān)持做某事”符合句意;由從句“althoughIwarnedhimnotto”以及句意可知此句陳述發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情,主句也用一般過(guò)去時(shí),設(shè)空處應(yīng)填insistedon。故答案為①insisted;②on。55.I(推斷)fromhissilencethathewasangry.【答案】inferred【詳解】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意:我從他的沉默中推斷出他生氣了。分析句子成分和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句中有that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句;分析主句句子成分可知,主句缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,所以設(shè)空處充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ);根據(jù)從句系動(dòng)詞was可知,事件發(fā)生在過(guò)去,所以主句也要用一般過(guò)去時(shí);根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示“推斷”可知,設(shè)空處要填inferred。故填inferred。翻譯56.教授向?qū)W生們解釋了量子力學(xué)的概念?!敬鸢浮縏heprofessorexplainedtheconceptofquantummechanicstothestudents.【詳解】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí),名詞,介詞?!敖淌凇睘閜rofessor,此處為特指,所以需要加上定冠詞the;“解釋”為explain,“向……解釋”為explainsth.tosb.;此處為描述已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情,所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí);“概念”為concept;“量字”為quantum;“力學(xué)”為mechanics。故答案為T(mén)heprofessorexplainedtheconceptofquantummechanicstothestudents.57.當(dāng)?shù)孛癖娖毡榭释衽d傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日,這些節(jié)日是他們文化遺產(chǎn)的重要體現(xiàn)。(desire)【答案】Thereisastrongdesireamongthelocalpopulationtorevitalizetraditionalfestivals,whichserveasvitalexpressionsoftheirculturalheritage.【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞、名詞和定語(yǔ)從句。“渴望”翻譯為desire,“當(dāng)?shù)孛癖娖毡榭释衽d傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日”翻譯為“Thereisastrongdesireamongthelocalpopulationtorevitalizetraditionalfestivals”,traditionalfestivals為先行詞后接非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,指物由which引導(dǎo),在從句中作主語(yǔ),“這些節(jié)日是他們文化遺產(chǎn)的重要體現(xiàn)”翻譯為“whichserveasvitalexpressionsoftheirculturalheritage”陳述客觀事實(shí),使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故翻譯為T(mén)hereisastrongdesireamongthelocalpopulationtorevitalizetraditionalfestivals,whichserveasvitalexpressionsoftheirculturalheritage.58.雖然一些留學(xué)生住在學(xué)校里,但是謝蕾選擇住在寄宿家庭,這有助于她適應(yīng)異國(guó)文化。(who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)【答案】Althoughsomeforeignstudentsliveincampusaccommodation,XieLeichosetolivewithahostfamily,whocanhelpwithheradaptationtothenewculture.【詳解】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意可知,“雖然……但是……”可使用Although引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,“一些留學(xué)生”可翻譯為someforeignstudents,“住在學(xué)校里”可翻譯為liveincampusaccommodation,根據(jù)要求可知,此處可使用who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞XieLei指人,可使用who在從句中作主語(yǔ),“選擇”可翻譯為chooseto,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,該句陳述過(guò)去事實(shí),可使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)?!白≡诩乃藜彝ァ笨煞g為livewithahostfamily,句子陳述目前事實(shí),可使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),定語(yǔ)從句中“有助于”可翻譯為helpwithsth.,“適應(yīng)”可翻譯為one’sadaptationtosth.,“異國(guó)文化”可翻譯為newculture。故翻譯為Althoughsomeforeignstudentsliveincampusaccommodation,XieLeichosetolivewithahostfamily,whocanhelpwithheradaptationtothenewculture.59.均衡的飲食和有規(guī)律的生活對(duì)我們的健康至關(guān)重要。(beofvitalimportanceto)【答案】Abalanceddietandregularlifeareofvitalimportancetoourhealth.【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)、時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。主語(yǔ)“均衡的飲食和有規(guī)律的生活”用名詞詞組abalanceddietandregularlife表示;“對(duì)……至關(guān)重要”可用固定短語(yǔ)beofvitalimportanceto...表示;句子描述客觀事實(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),主語(yǔ)由兩個(gè)概念組成,故be用復(fù)數(shù)形式are;賓語(yǔ)“我們的健康”用ourhealth表示。綜上,全句譯為:Abalanceddietandregularlifeareofvitalimportancetoourhealth.60.你最好在四月來(lái)無(wú)錫,那時(shí)候天氣最佳。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)【答案】You’dbettercometoWuxiinApril,whentheweatherisatitsbest.【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和從句。根據(jù)句意和提示,句子為含有非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句,主句“你最好在四月來(lái)無(wú)錫”,譯為You’dbettercometoWuxiinApril,“那時(shí)候”表示“在四月那個(gè)時(shí)候”,用when引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,從句“天氣最佳”,講述客觀事實(shí),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),特指“四月的天氣”,用定冠詞修飾,atitsbest“處在最佳狀態(tài)”,故譯為theweatherisatitsbest。故翻譯為You’dbettercometoWuxiinApril,whentheweatherisatitsbest.閱讀理解WomenscientistsaroundtheworldhavemadesignificantcontributionstoStem(science,technology,engineering,andmaths).Herearefourwhopushedboundariesandchangedtheworld.WuChienshiung(1912—1997)BorninTaicang,Jiangsuprovince,WutookpartintheManhattanProjectwhichhelpedcreatetheworld’sfirstnuclearweapon.HerfamousWuexperimentoverturnedthetheoryofparityinphysics.ThisbreakthroughledtoaNobelPrizethatwasawardedtohermalecolleagues,butWu’scriticalroleintheworkwasoverlooked.HedyLamarr(1914—2000)Austria-bornLamarrstarredinalotofHollywoodfilmsandmadegreatsuccess.Shewasalsosupersmartandaself-taughtinventor.Duringthesecondworldwar,LamarrtogetherwithGeorgeAntheil,acomposer,developedaradioguidancesystem.TheprincipleoftheirworkispartofthebasisofBluetoothandwirelesstechnology.KatherineJohns(1918—2020)AfricanAmericanNASAmathematicianJohnson’scalculationswerecriticalingettingthefirstUSastronautstospaceandbacksafely.Duringher33-yearcareeratNASA,Katherineearnedareputationformasteringcomplexcalculationsandwasreferredtoasa“humancomputer”.TuYouyou(1930—)BorninNingbo,Zhejiangprovince,Tusharedthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewithtwootherforeignscientists,forherworkindiscoveringartemisinin,adrugusedtotreatmalaria.Herworkhassavedmillionsoflivesallovertheworld.TuisthefirstChineseNobelwinnerinphysiologyormedicineandthefirstfemalecitizenofthePRCtowinaNobelPrize.61.Besidesbeinganinventor,HedyLamarrisalsoa(n)________.A.composer B.producer C.a(chǎn)ctress D.mathematician62.WhatisTuYouyou’sgreatestcontributiontotheworld?A.Shetreatedpeopleforcancer. B.SheisthefirstChineseNobelwinner.C.Herdiscoveryhelpedsavemillions. D.Herresearchprojectisoneofakind.63.Whatdothefourfemalescientistshaveincommonaccordingtothetext?A.Theysharedthesameinterest. B.Theyeachconstructedatheory.C.TheywereallawardedtheNobelPrize. D.Theyallmadeadifferencetotheworld.【答案】61.C62.C63.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了4名改變世界的女性科學(xué)家。61.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HedyLamarr(1914—2000)中的“Austria-bornLamarrstarredinalotofHollywoodfilmsandmadegreatsuccess.Shewasalsosupersmartandaself-taughtinventor.(奧地利出生的拉瑪出演了許多好萊塢電影,并取得了巨大的成功。她還非常聰明,是一個(gè)自學(xué)成才的發(fā)明家)”可知,除了是一個(gè)發(fā)明家,海蒂·拉瑪也是一個(gè)女演員。故選C。62.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TuYouyou(1930—)中的“Herworkhassavedmillionsoflivesallovertheworld.(她的工作拯救了全世界數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的生命)”可知,屠呦呦對(duì)世界最大的貢獻(xiàn)是她的發(fā)現(xiàn)幫助拯救了數(shù)百萬(wàn)人。故選C。63.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Herearefourwhopushedboundariesandchangedtheworld.(下面是四位打破界限、改變世界的人)”可知,這四位女科學(xué)家共同之處是她們都對(duì)世界產(chǎn)生了影響。故選D。七選五AlbertEinsteinwasborninUlm,Germanyon14March,1879.64Einsteinwassosmartthatatage16hewrotehisfirstpaper.However,Einsteindidbadlyatschool.65HeendedupatcollegeinSwitzerland.Hisgradesmeantitwasdifficulttogetajobaftercollege,butafriendfoundhimworkfinally.Alberthadagreatyearin1905,publishing(發(fā)表)fourscientificpapers!66Oneofthethingsheresearchedwasthatenergyandmass(質(zhì)量)aredifferentformsofthesamething.ThiswasexplainedbyhisfamousequationE=mc2.In1909AlbertwasfinallymadeaprofessorattheUniversityofZurich.Hecontinuedimprovinghiswork,andin1915hepublishedhistheoryofgeneralrelativity(廣義相對(duì)論).In1919,oneofAlbert’stheorieswasproved,makinghimthemostfamousscientistalive!67Hisworkchangedthewaywethinkabouttimeandspace,andalsohelpedwithdevelopmentslikethetelevision.68Andin1933,AlbertdecidedtostayintheUSAforever.HebecameanAmericanin1940.Sadly,Einstein’sworkwithatoms(原子)ledtotheinventionoftheatomicbomb.Albertspenttherestofhislifetakingpartinactivitiesforworldpeace.Hediedin1955.A.AlbertspentlotsoftimeinAmerica.B.Einsteinlovedtousehisimagination.C.Hisworkturnedmodernphysicsonitshead.D.Evenasanadult,Einsteinwasdisorganized.E.Asachild,heenjoyedsolvingmathproblems.F.Andhewonthe1921NobelPrizeforPhysics.G.Oneteacherevensaidhe’dneverachieveanything!【答案】64.E65.G66.C67.F68.A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文,文章介紹了AlbertEinstein的生平。64.上文“AlbertEinsteinwasborninUlm,Germanyon14March,1879.(AlbertEinstein于1879年3月14日出生于德國(guó)烏爾姆)”介紹Einstein出生日期和出生地;下文“Einsteinwassosmartthatatage16hewrotehisfirstpaper.(Einstein非常聰明,16歲時(shí)就寫(xiě)了他的第一篇論文)”介紹了Einstein16歲時(shí)的成就;結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知文章按照時(shí)間順序展開(kāi),由此可知,E選項(xiàng)“Asachild,heenjoyedsolvingmathproblems(小時(shí)候,他喜歡解決數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題)”介紹Einstein孩童時(shí)期的情況,符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。65.由上文“However,Einsteindidbadlyatschool.(然而,愛(ài)因斯坦在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)很差)”可知Einstein在學(xué)校的成績(jī)不好;下文“HeendedupatcollegeinSwitzerland.Hisgradesmeantitwasdifficulttogetajobaftercollege,butafriendfoundhimworkfinally.(他最后在瑞士上了大學(xué)。他的成績(jī)意味著畢業(yè)后很難找到工作,但一個(gè)朋友最終為他找到了工作)”說(shuō)明雖然他最終上了大學(xué),但成績(jī)不好;G選項(xiàng)“Oneteacherevensaidhe’dneverachieveanything!(一位老師甚至說(shuō)他永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)取得任何成就!)”承接上文進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明Einstein在學(xué)校成績(jī)不好,與上下文表達(dá)的意思一致;句中的“Oneteacher”與上文的“atschool”相呼應(yīng)。故選G。66.上文“Alberthadagreatyearin1905,publishing(發(fā)表)fourscientificpapers!(Albert在1905年度過(guò)了偉大的一年,發(fā)表了四篇科學(xué)論文!)”介紹了Einstein在1905年所取得的研究成就;由此推知,空處陳述他的研究的意義。C選項(xiàng)“Hisworkturnedmodernphysicsonitshead.(他的研究成果徹底改變了現(xiàn)代物理學(xué))”符合題意。故選C。67.上文“In1919,oneofAlbert’stheorieswasproved,makinghimthemostfamousscientistalive!(1919年,Albert的一個(gè)理論被證明,使他成為當(dāng)時(shí)世界上最著名的科學(xué)家!)”提到Einstein的某個(gè)理論于1919年被證實(shí),他成為了當(dāng)時(shí)世界上最著名的科學(xué)家,下文“Hisworkchangedthewaywethinkabouttimeandspace,andalsohelpedwithdevelopmentslikethetelevision.(他的理論改變了我們對(duì)時(shí)間和空間的看法,也促進(jìn)了電視等的發(fā)展)”闡述了Einstein研究成果的重大意義;F選項(xiàng)“Andhewonthe1921NobelPrizeforPhysics.(他還獲得了1921年的諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎(jiǎng))”符合文章的時(shí)間順序,承接上文說(shuō)明“oneofAlbert’stheorieswasproved”后Einstein所取得的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng),符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。68.下文“Andin1933,AlbertdecidedtostayintheUSAforever.(1933年,Albert決定永遠(yuǎn)留在美國(guó))”說(shuō)明AlbertEinstein于1933年決定定居美國(guó)。A選項(xiàng)“AlbertspentlotsoftimeinAmerica.(Albert許多時(shí)間是在美國(guó)度過(guò)的)”符合語(yǔ)境,選項(xiàng)中的“spentlotsoftimeinAmerica”與下文“decidedtostayintheUSAforever”相呼應(yīng)。故選A。完形填空Lifeistobelived.Noexcuses.Noholdingback.AstoryabouttheviolinistFritzKreislertellshowheonce69abeautifulinstrumenthewantedtoget.Whenhe70raisedthemoneyfortheviolin,hereturnedtobuyitandlearnedthatithadalreadybeensoldtoa(n)71.Hewenttothenewowner’shomeinordertotryto72himtoselltheviolin.However,thecollectorsaiditwasoneofhisvaluablepossessionsandhecouldnotletitgo.Kreislerfelt73andturnedtoleave,butthenaskedafavour,“MayIplaytheinstrumentoncemore74itisputaway?”75wasgivenandthegreatmusicianbegantoplay.Theviolinsangoutaqualityofmusicwhichwassobeautifulthatthecollectorhimselfcouldonlylistenin76.“Ihavenorighttokeepthattomyself,”hesaidafterthemusicianfinished.“Theviolinisyours,Mr.Kreisler.Takeitintotheworld,andletpeople77it.”ForyouandIareexcellentviolins—our78ismeanttobeheard.Iwanttolivemy79thatway—totakeitintotheworldandliveitfully.I’dratherbe80thandienothavingdonewhateverIcould.I’mnottalkingabout81ourselvesbydoingtoomuch.Happinessisneverfoundinexcessivebusiness.Butitisfoundinapplyingourlivestohelpingothers.Sayyeswhenaskedforahand.82toworkforacharityorganization.Spendanhourwithalonelyrelative.Intheend,IknowthatmyhappinessisnotaboutwhatIcanorcannotdo.ItisabouthowmuchI83toothers.Mylifeismeanttobelived.69.A.foundout B.gaveup C.tookover D.cameacross70.A.possibly B.recently C.finally D.seriously71.A.collector B.musician C.performer D.inventor72.A.expect B.persuade C.help D.force73.A.a(chǎn)ngry B.disappointed C.helpless D.brave74.A.sothat B.unless C.a(chǎn)sif D.before75.A.Permission B.Judgment C.Award D.Money76.A.pain B.a(chǎn)mazement C.secret D.sorrow77.A.discuss B.use C.know D.hear78.A.story B.music C.message D.voice79.A.word B.instrument C.life D.work80.A.dressedup B.usedup C.beatenup D.wokenup81.A.protecting B.controlling C.a(chǎn)musing D.exhausting82.A.Volunteer B.Struggle C.Continue D.Wait83.A.talk B.turn C.give D.a(chǎn)dapt【答案】69.D70.C71.A72.B73.B74.D75.A76.B77.D78.B79.C80.B81.D82.A83.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者從小提琴家FritzKreisler為一位收藏家演奏小提琴的故事中,感悟到幸福存在于幫助他人之中,幸福與能做什么或不能做什么無(wú)關(guān),而是和給予了別人多少有關(guān)。69.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:有一個(gè)關(guān)于小提琴家FritzKreisler的故事,講述了他有一次是如何遇到一件他想要得到的漂亮樂(lè)器的。A.foundout查明;B.gaveup放棄;C.tookover接管;D.cameacross偶遇。結(jié)合后文“abeautifulinstrumenthewantedtoget”可知此處指小提琴家FritzKreisler偶然看到他鐘愛(ài)的小提琴。故選D。70.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)他終于籌到錢(qián)買(mǎi)這把小提琴時(shí),他正要回去買(mǎi)它,得知它已經(jīng)被賣(mài)給了一個(gè)收藏家。A.possibly可能地;B.recently目前;C.finally終于;D.seriously嚴(yán)肅地。結(jié)合后文“raisedthemoneyfortheviolin,hereturnedto”可知Kreisler準(zhǔn)備去買(mǎi)琴,說(shuō)明終于湊足了錢(qián)。故選C。71.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)他終于籌到錢(qián)買(mǎi)這把小提琴時(shí),他正要回去買(mǎi)它,得知它已經(jīng)被賣(mài)給了一個(gè)收藏家。A.collector收藏家;B.musician音樂(lè)家;C.performer表演者;D.inventor發(fā)明者。根據(jù)后文“thecollectorsaid”可知是收藏家買(mǎi)了這把琴。故選A。72.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他去了新主人的家,試圖說(shuō)服他賣(mài)掉這把小提琴。A.expect期望;B.persuade說(shuō)服;C.help幫助;D.force迫使。根據(jù)后文“himtoselltheviolin”可推知是Kreisler試圖說(shuō)服買(mǎi)家把這把琴賣(mài)給自己。故選B。73.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:Kreisler感到很失望,轉(zhuǎn)身離開(kāi)了,但他請(qǐng)求收藏家?guī)妥约阂粋€(gè)忙:“在它被收起來(lái)之前,我可以用它彈奏一次嗎?”A.angry憤怒的;B.disappointed失望的;C.helpless無(wú)助的;D.brave勇敢的。根據(jù)上文“hecouldnotletitgo”可知賣(mài)家不肯賣(mài),因此Kreisler感到很失望。故選B。74.考查連詞詞義辨析。句意:Kreisler感到很失望,轉(zhuǎn)身離開(kāi)了,但他請(qǐng)求收藏家?guī)妥约阂粋€(gè)忙:“在它被收起來(lái)之前,我可以用它彈奏一次嗎?”A.sothat以便;B.unless除非;C.asif好像;D.before在……之前。根據(jù)前后文語(yǔ)境“MayIplaytheinstrumentoncemoreitisputaway?”可推知是在琴收起來(lái)之前,用它演奏一次,應(yīng)用before。故選D。75.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:得到允許后,這位偉大的音樂(lè)家開(kāi)始演奏。A.Permission允許;B.Judgment判斷;C.Award獎(jiǎng);D.Money金錢(qián)。根據(jù)后文“thegreatmusicianbegantoplay”可知收藏家允許Kreisler用小提琴演奏。故選A。76.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:小提琴發(fā)出了美妙的音樂(lè),連收藏家自己也聽(tīng)得驚嘆不已。A.pain痛苦;B.amazement驚異;C.secret秘密;D.sorrow悲傷。根據(jù)上文“sangoutaqualityofmusicwhichwassobeautifulthatthecollectorhimselfcouldonlylistenin”以及收藏家后來(lái)決定把琴送給Kreisler,可推知收藏家對(duì)小提琴發(fā)出的美妙音樂(lè)驚嘆不已,inamazement驚訝地。故選B。77.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:把它帶向世界上,讓人們聽(tīng)到。A.discuss討論;B.use使用;C.know知道;D.hear聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。結(jié)合后“ismeanttobeheard”可知是指讓人們聽(tīng)到這美妙的音樂(lè)。故選D。78.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:因?yàn)槟阄叶际莾?yōu)秀的小提琴手,我們的音樂(lè)是為了讓別人聽(tīng)到。A.story故事;B.music音樂(lè);C.message信息;D.voice聲音。結(jié)合上文“sangoutaqualityofmusicwhichwassobeautiful”可知,小提琴手演奏出的音樂(lè)就是為了讓別人聽(tīng)到。故選B。79.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我想要那樣的生活——帶著它走進(jìn)世界,充實(shí)地生活。A.word話(huà)語(yǔ);B.instrument儀器;C.life生活;D.work工作。根據(jù)下一段中“totakeitintotheworldandliveitfully”可知此處是在對(duì)生活的感悟,故選C。80.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:我寧愿耗盡自己的精力,也不愿未竟而死。A.dressedup打扮;B.usedup用完,耗盡;C.beatenup毆打;D.wokenup醒來(lái)。結(jié)合后文“thandienothavingdonewhateverIcould”可知此處想要表達(dá)的是,寧愿耗盡自己的精力,也不愿還未做任何力所能及的事就死去。故選B。81.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:我不是說(shuō)要做太多事情來(lái)讓自己筋疲力盡。A.protecting保護(hù);B.controlling控制;C.amusing逗樂(lè);D.exhausting使……筋疲力盡。根據(jù)后文“ourselvesbydoingtoomuch”可知此處指做太多的事情讓自己筋疲力盡。故選D。82.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:志愿為慈善組織工作。A.Volunteer志愿;B.Struggle掙扎;C.Continue繼續(xù);D.Wait等待。根據(jù)后文“toworkforacharityorganization”可知此處指為慈善組織做志愿工作。故選A。83.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:這是關(guān)于我給予了別人多少。A.talk談話(huà);B.turn轉(zhuǎn)彎;C.give給予;D.adapt適應(yīng)。根據(jù)上一段中“Butitisfoundinapplyingourlivestohelpingothers.Sayyeswhenaskedforahand.”可知作者認(rèn)為幸福在于幫助他人,給予別人力所能及的幫助。故選C。單句語(yǔ)法填空84.Wewillhavetoadoptamore(science)approachinthefuture.【答案】scientific【詳解】考查形容詞。句意:未來(lái),我們將不得不采取更科學(xué)的方法??仗帒?yīng)為形容作定語(yǔ)修飾空后名詞approach,故填scientific。85.Inadditiontoherresearch,shehasbeenwhole-heartedly(commit)toenvironmentalprotection.【答案】committed【詳解】考查形容詞。句意:在科研之余,她一直致力于環(huán)保事業(yè)。此空為形容詞作表語(yǔ),commit的形容詞為committed意為“盡心盡力的”符合句意,becommittedto意為“致力于”。故填committed。86.Later,shestudiedChinesemedicineformanyyearswithexpertsinthefield,fromshegainedadeepknowledgeabouttraditionalpractices.【答案】whom【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:后來(lái),她跟隨該領(lǐng)域的專(zhuān)家學(xué)習(xí)中醫(yī)多年,從他們那里她獲得了對(duì)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗的深刻了解。空格處是“介詞+which/whom”引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞experts是人,從句中作介詞賓語(yǔ),因此空格處是whom,故填whom。87.FromthesefactsJohnSnowcoulddrawa(conclude)abouthowpeoplewereinfectedwithcholera.【答案】conclusion【詳解】考查名詞。句意:從這些事實(shí)中,約翰·斯諾可以得出人們是如何感染霍亂的結(jié)論。根據(jù)空前的a可知,這里應(yīng)用單數(shù)名詞作draw的賓語(yǔ),conclusion“結(jié)論”符合題意。故填conclusion。88.Constantstreamsoftraffic(flow)smoothlylastmonth,guidedbyintelligenttrafficmanagementsystem.【答案】flowed【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:上個(gè)月,在智能交通管理系統(tǒng)的引導(dǎo)下,交通川流不息。分析句子,設(shè)空處使用動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ),句中l(wèi)astmonth為一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間標(biāo)志,故使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填flowed。89.(commit)toscientificresearch,thescientistremainedsingleallhislife.【答案】Committed【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:致力于科學(xué)研究,這位科學(xué)家一生獨(dú)身。句子謂語(yǔ)為remained,故設(shè)空處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,commit與其邏輯主語(yǔ)Thescientists之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞,短語(yǔ)committedto意為“決心從事……,致力于……”,過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),故填committed。90.(encounter)afrighteningbeastonthewaytothemarkettheotherday,theservant

(flee)withherheartbeatingwildly.【答案】Encounteringfled【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞和時(shí)態(tài)。句意:前幾天在去集市的路上遇到了一頭可怕的野獸,仆人心跳加速地逃跑了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,第一空為非謂語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)servant與動(dòng)詞encounter之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞encountering作原因狀語(yǔ);第二空為句子謂語(yǔ)部分,描述過(guò)去事件用一般過(guò)去時(shí),動(dòng)詞flee的過(guò)去式為fled,故第一空填Encountering,第二空填fled。91.Fromthesefactswecandrawa(conclude)thatweoughttoadoptamore

(science)approachtopreservingthetraditionalcustoms.【答案】conclusionscientific【詳解】考查名詞和形容詞。句意:從這些事實(shí)中,我們可以得出結(jié)論,那就是我們應(yīng)該采取更科學(xué)的方法來(lái)保護(hù)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗。根據(jù)第一空前的a可知,這里應(yīng)用單數(shù)名詞作draw的賓語(yǔ),conclusion“結(jié)論”符合題意。根據(jù)第二空后的名詞approach可知,這里應(yīng)用形容詞,作定語(yǔ),scientific“科學(xué)(上)的”符合題意。故填conclusion;scientific。92.The(novel)wasabouttoleavewhenhenoticedleavesmoving(gentle)inthebreeze.【答案】novelistgently【詳解】考查名詞和副詞。句意:小說(shuō)家正要離開(kāi),這時(shí)他注意到樹(shù)葉在微風(fēng)中輕輕地移動(dòng)。分析可知,第一空應(yīng)填名詞作主語(yǔ),novelist“小說(shuō)家”符合句意,由“was”可知,應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式;空處②應(yīng)為副詞,作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞“moving”。故空①填novelist;空②填gently。93.Tomacknowledged(defeat)intheEnglishspeechcompetition,whichmadeusquitedepressed.【答案】beingdefeated/havingbeendefeated【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:湯姆承認(rèn)在英語(yǔ)演講比賽中失敗了,這讓我們很沮喪。acknowledgedoingsth./havingbeingdone表示“承認(rèn)做了某事”,此處指的是“湯姆承認(rèn)在英語(yǔ)演講比賽中失敗了”,湯姆被打敗了,因此要使用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)形式。故填beingdefeated或者h(yuǎn)avingbeendefeated。94.(found)intheearly20thcentury,theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildren’sloveofart.【答案】Founded【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:學(xué)校成立于20世紀(jì)初,一直致力于激發(fā)孩子們對(duì)藝術(shù)的熱愛(ài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞keeps,空處需填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ),theschool和found為邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,需填過(guò)去分詞形式,表示被動(dòng),位于句首,首字母需大寫(xiě)。故填Founded。95.Itisuniversally(acknowledge)thatbyreadingthesummary,youcandeterminewhicharticlesareworthreadinginfull.【答案】acknowledged【詳解】考查固定句型。句意:眾所周知,通過(guò)閱讀摘要,你可以確定哪些文章值得全文閱讀。itisacknowledgedthat...“眾所周知……”是固定句型,it是形式主語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句,acknowledge和it是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填acknowledged。96.No(conclude)shouldbedrawnbeforeallthefactsarebroughttolight.【答案】conclusion【詳解】考查名詞。句意:在全部事實(shí)真相大白之前,不應(yīng)得出任何結(jié)論。分析句子可知,提示詞作主語(yǔ),應(yīng)名詞conclusion,意為“結(jié)論,推論”。故填conclusion。97.Ithoughtshehadretired,but(apparent)shehadn’t.【答案】apparently【詳解】考查副詞。句意:我以為她已經(jīng)退休了,但顯然她沒(méi)有。分析句子可知,此處為副詞apparently“明顯地”作狀語(yǔ),修飾句子。故填apparently。98.ThePresidentiscommittedto(reform)healthcare.【答案】reforming【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意:總統(tǒng)致力于改革醫(yī)療服務(wù)。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短語(yǔ)“becommittedtodoingsth.”,意為“致力于做某事”,“reform”意為“改革”,動(dòng)詞詞性,動(dòng)名詞形式為“reforming”。故填reforming。語(yǔ)篇填空AlbertEinstein,99isperhapsthegreatestscientistinmodernphysics,isoftenconsideredoneofthe100(smart)menwhoeverlived.Hemadenumerous101(contribute)totheworld.HewasborninGermanyon14March1879,entereduniversityin1896andgraduatedin19

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