專題03-閱讀理解+完形填空+七選五沖刺2023年高考英語小題限時(shí)集訓(xùn)(解析版)

專題03閱讀理解+完形填空+七選五難度：★★★★☆建議用時(shí)：30分鐘得分：（2022·江蘇南京·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Haveyoueverbeenreallyhungry,buttherewasn’tmuchtoeatinyourkitchen?Didyouthrowtogetherabunchofstuffyouhadonhandandwerepleasantlysurprisedwhenittastedgood?Youaren’talone.Someofourfavoritefoodswerecreatedbyaccident.Here’sasamplemenuofsomefamiliarfoodsthatneverwouldhavehappenedifsomeonehadn’tcreatedthembymistake.POTATOCHIPSOneoftheworld’sfavoritesnacksistheresultofacomplaint.In1853,amanwaseatingdinneratMoon’sLakeHouseinSaratogaSprings,NewYork.Heorderedfriedpotatoes,apopularsidedish.Butwhentheycameoutofthekitchen,hedidn’tthinktheywerecrispyenough.Hesentthembacktothekitchen,whereChefGeorgeCrumwassoangryathavinghiscookingcriticizedthatheslicedthepotatoesreallythin,putlotsofsaltonthem,andfriedthem.Notonlydidthedinerlovethem,buteveryoneelsedid,too.Theysoonbecameaspecialtyoftherestaurant.TOFUTofu,orbeancurd,ismadebycurdling(使凝結(jié))freshsoyamilk,pressingitintoasolidblock,andthencoolingit.TofuwasaccidentallyinventedinChina2,000yearsago,whenacookaddedseaweedtosoyamilk,whichmadeitcurdle.Thisisthesameprocessthatisusedformakingcheese.Likecheese,tofuisagreatexampleofhowreallymessinguparecipecancreatesomethingunexpectedlygood.CHEESEPUFFSDidyoueverwonderwhothoughtupcheesepuffs?Thecompanythatinventedthemwasn’teventryingtomakefoodforpeople.Itwastryingtomakeanimalfeed.Inthe1930s,theFlakallCompanyofWisconsinmadeanimalfoodfromsmall,flakedpiecesofgrain.Oneday,anemployee,EdwardWilson,watchedworkerspouringcornmeal(谷粉)intotheflakingmachine,wettingittokeepitfromclogging(堵塞).Becausethemachinewasveryhot,thewetcornmealcameoutofitinpuffyribbonsthathardenedwhentheyhittheair.Wilsontooksomeoftheribbonshome,addedoilandflavoringtothem,andvoila!Cheesepuffs!1．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Seaweedisalsousedformakingcheese.B．ChefGeorgeCrumdidn’tliketocriticizeothers’cooking.C．Hotwetcornmealhardenedwhentheyhittheair.D．Beancurddatesback2000yearsinChina.2．Whatdothethreefoodshaveincommon?A．Theyaretheresultsofcomplaints.B．Theywerenotcreatedonpurpose.C．Theyweren’toriginallymadeforpeople.D．Theyareallpopularthroughouttheworld.3．What’sthepurposeofthetext?A．Tocomparethefeaturesofsomefoods.B．Toinformreadersofsomefoods.C．Torecommendsomefoods.D．Tointroducetheoriginsofsomefoods.1．A

2．B

3．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了三種食物的起源，它們都是被偶然創(chuàng)造出來的。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“TofuwasaccidentallyinventedinChina2,000yearsago,whenacookaddedseaweedtosoyamilk,whichmadeitcurdle.Thisisthesameprocessthatisusedformakingcheese.(豆腐是2000年前偶然在中國發(fā)明的，當(dāng)時(shí)一位廚師在豆?jié){中加入海藻，使豆?jié){凝結(jié)。這和制作奶酪的過程是一樣的。)”可知，海藻也可以用來制作奶酪。故選A項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Someofourfavoritefoodswerecreatedbyaccident.Here’sasamplemenuofsomefamiliarfoodsthatneverwouldhavehappenedifsomeonehadn’tcreatedthembymistake.(我們最喜歡的一些食物是偶然創(chuàng)造出來的。以下是一些常見食物的菜單樣本，如果不是有人錯(cuò)誤地創(chuàng)造了它們，這些食物就不會(huì)出現(xiàn)。)”可知，這三種食物的共同點(diǎn)是：它們不是故意被創(chuàng)造出來的。故選B項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。分析全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了三種食物的歷史淵源，而且它們都是被偶然創(chuàng)造出來的，所以這篇文章的目的是為了介紹一些食物的起源。故選D項(xiàng)。（2022·山東日照·三模）Duringaperiodoftwomonths,theeastcoastofFloridawashitbythreemajorhurricanes!Whenwe____1____onthemorningofSeptember5,myhusbandandIstoodonthebalcony(陽臺(tái)）andwatchedthestill-powerfulwindsbreakhugetrees.____2____,inthemidstofthesedestructivewinds,wespottedaflashofcolorinour____3____.Nomorethantenfeetfromwherewestood,ahummingbird(蜂鳥)____4____andflewinfrontofus.Thiswasthefirsttimewehadever____5____ahummingbirdinouryard—orinFlorida!Becausetheyarerare,the____6____ofahummingbirdinBrevardCounty,Florida,isalmosta____7____initself.AlthoughIhadbeentryingtoplantalltherightplantsto____8____them,ittookahurricaneformeto____9____attractthemtomyyardandtoreallyobservethemclosely.Almosteverydaysincethehurricanes,Ihavehadthe____10____ofobservingthevisitinghummingbirds.Withafeederrightoutsidemyofficewindow,Igetadailybird’s____11____.Thehurricaneseasonaffectedmeinavery____12____way.EverytimeIseethehummingbirds,Iam____13____ofthemanyblessingsthatnatureholdsforus:messagesofbeauty,strength,anddetermination.Butperhapsthegreatest____14____isthatwondersareouttherewaitingtopayusavisit.Wejustneedtokeep____15____seedsofbeautyandfaith,andweneedtokeepaneyeoutforthewonders!1．A．wokeup B．stoodup C．lookedup D．turnedup2．A．Generally B．Gradually C．Normally D．Suddenly3．A．garden B．room C．balcony D．office4．A．dropped B．a(chǎn)ppeared C．remained D．landed5．A．heard B．drawn C．seen D．caught6．A．color B．name C．shape D．sight7．A．symbol B．concept C．belief D．wonder8．A．a(chǎn)ttract B．feed C．drive D．impress9．A．formally B．finally C．regularly D．constantly10．A．task B．joy C．hope D．plan11．A．track B．mind C．view D．shadow12．A．common B．casual C．strange D．positive13．A．informed B．warned C．reminded D．cured14．A．message B．hobby C．subject D．chance15．A．buying B．changing C．receiving D．planting1．A

2．D

3．A

4．B

5．C

6．D

7．D

8．A

9．B

10．B

11．C

12．D

13．C

14．A

15．D【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者一直在自家院子里試圖種植所有合適的植物來吸引當(dāng)?shù)睾币姷姆澍B，終于在一次颶風(fēng)來襲后，蜂鳥出現(xiàn)了。蜂鳥的到來帶給作者“美麗，力量和決心的啟示”，但是，最大的啟示是：奇跡在那里等待著來拜訪我們。1．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們?cè)?月5日早上醒來時(shí)，我和丈夫站在陽臺(tái)上，看著仍然強(qiáng)大的風(fēng)折斷了參天大樹。A.wokeup醒來；B.stoodup站起來；C.lookedup抬頭看；D.turnedup出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)時(shí)間onthemorningofSeptember5，早上醒來，wokeup符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。2．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，在這陣陣破壞性的風(fēng)中，我們?cè)谖覀兊幕▓@里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一抹色彩。A.Generally一般地；B.Gradually逐漸地；C.Normally通常地；D.Suddenly突然。根據(jù)下文“Nomorethantenfeetfromwherewestood,ahummingbird(蜂鳥)4andflewinfrontofus.(離我們站立的地方不到十英尺，一只蜂鳥出現(xiàn)了，并在我們面前飛著。)”可知，颶風(fēng)天氣看見一抹蜂鳥的顏色，很是突然。故選D項(xiàng)。3．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，在這陣陣破壞性的風(fēng)中，我們?cè)谖覀兊幕▓@里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一抹色彩。A.garden花園；B.room房間；C.balcony陽臺(tái)；D.office辦公室。根據(jù)語境，作者早上醒來后，站在陽臺(tái)上看外面颶風(fēng)肆虐，這時(shí)飛來一只蜂鳥，因此，蜂鳥出現(xiàn)在陽臺(tái)外的花園，garden比較符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。4．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：離我們站立的地方不到十英尺，一只蜂鳥出現(xiàn)了，并在我們面前飛著。A.dropped掉落；B.appeared出現(xiàn)；C.remained依然；D.landed降落。根據(jù)上文“wespottedaflashofcolorinour3.(我們?cè)谖覀兊幕▓@里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一抹色彩。)”，下文“andflewinfrontofus”可知，颶風(fēng)中，花園里此時(shí)出現(xiàn)一只蜂鳥。appeared符合語境，故選B項(xiàng)。5．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這是我們第一次在我們的院子里——或著佛羅里達(dá)州，看到蜂鳥！A.heard聽到；B.drawn畫；C.seen看到；D.caught抓住。下文“Becausetheyarerare,the6ofahummingbirdinBrevardCounty,Florida,isalmosta7initself.(因?yàn)樗鼈兒芎币?，所以在佛羅里達(dá)州布里瓦德縣，看見蜂鳥本身幾乎是一個(gè)奇跡。)”可知，蜂鳥在佛羅里達(dá)州實(shí)屬罕見，seen符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。6．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)樗鼈兒芎币?，所以在佛羅里達(dá)州布里瓦德縣，看見蜂鳥本身幾乎是一個(gè)奇跡。A.color顏色；B.name姓名；C.shape形狀；D.sight觀看。上文“Thiswasthefirsttimewehadever5ahummingbirdinouryard—orinFlorida!(這是我們第一次在我們的院子里——或著佛羅里達(dá)州，看到蜂鳥！)”可知，作者第一次在佛羅里達(dá)州，而且是自家院子里看見了蜂鳥，sight符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。7．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)樗鼈兒芎币?，所以在佛羅里達(dá)州布里瓦德縣，看見蜂鳥本身幾乎是一個(gè)奇跡。A.symbol符號(hào)；B.concept概念；C.belief信念；D.wonder奇跡。根據(jù)劇中的rare可知，蜂鳥在這里很罕見，所以看見蜂鳥是個(gè)奇跡。故選D項(xiàng)。8．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我一直試圖種植所有合適的植物來吸引它們，但經(jīng)過一場(chǎng)颶風(fēng)，我才最終將它們吸引到我的院子里，并真正仔細(xì)觀察它們。A.attract吸引；B.feed喂養(yǎng)；C.drive驅(qū)動(dòng)；D.impress使……印象深刻。根據(jù)后半句“ittookahurricaneformeto9attractthemtomyyard.(經(jīng)過一場(chǎng)颶風(fēng)，我才最終將它們吸引到我的院子里)”可知，作者以前也試圖“吸引”蜂鳥到院子里來，attract符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。9．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我一直試圖種植所有合適的植物來吸引它們，但經(jīng)過一場(chǎng)颶風(fēng)，我才最終將它們吸引到我的院子里，并真正仔細(xì)觀察它們。A.formally正式；B.finally最后；C.regularly定期；D.constantly不斷。根據(jù)語境，作者的院子里有各種合適蜂鳥食用的植物，在颶風(fēng)之后，總算派上了用場(chǎng)，吸引蜂鳥來覓食。finally符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。10．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自颶風(fēng)以來，幾乎每天都有觀察來訪蜂鳥的喜悅。A.task任務(wù)；B.joy喜悅；C.hope希望；D.plan計(jì)劃。上文“Becausetheyarerare,the6ofahummingbirdinBrevardCounty,Florida,isalmosta7initself.(因?yàn)樗鼈兒芎币?，所以在佛羅里達(dá)州布里瓦德縣，看見蜂鳥本身幾乎是一個(gè)奇跡。)”可知，每天都能看見罕見的蜂鳥，給作者帶來了喜悅。故選B項(xiàng)。11．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的辦公室窗戶外面有一個(gè)喂食器，我每天都可以看到有鳥的風(fēng)景。A.track軌跡；B.mind心靈；C.view風(fēng)景；D.shadow影子。根據(jù)語境，作者每天可以看見蜂鳥在窗外覓食的風(fēng)景，view符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。12．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：颶風(fēng)季節(jié)以非常積極的方式影響了我。A.common常見的；B.casual休閑的；C.strange

奇異的；D.positive積極的。下文“EverytimeIseethehummingbirds,Iam13ofthemanyblessingsthatnatureholdsforus:messagesofbeauty,strength,anddetermination.(每次我看到蜂鳥，我都會(huì)想起大自然為我們帶來的許多祝福：美麗，力量和決心的信息。)”可知，蜂鳥的到來使作者想到了美麗、力量和決心這一些積極向上的信息，故選D項(xiàng)。13．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每次我看到蜂鳥，我都會(huì)想起大自然為我們帶來的許多祝福：美麗，力量和決心的啟示。A.informed通知；B.warned警告；C.reminded提醒；D.cured治愈。上文“Thehurricaneseasonaffectedmeinavery12way.(颶風(fēng)季節(jié)以非常積極的方式影響了我。)”可知，颶風(fēng)季節(jié)到來的蜂鳥，使作者想到一些美好的東西。remindsbofsth，意為“使某人想起……，提醒某人……”。故選C項(xiàng)。14．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但也許最大的啟示是，奇跡在那里等待來拜訪我們。A.message留言，啟示；B.hobby愛好；C.subject主題；D.chance機(jī)會(huì)。上文“EverytimeIseethehummingbirds,Iam13ofthemanyblessingsthatnatureholdsforus:messagesofbeauty,strength,anddetermination.(每次我看到蜂鳥，我都會(huì)想起大自然為我們帶來的許多祝福：美麗，力量和決心的啟示。)”可知，蜂鳥的到來帶給作者“美麗，力量和決心的啟示”，但是，最大的啟示是：奇跡終究會(huì)到來。message為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，故選A項(xiàng)。15．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們只需要不斷播下美麗和信仰的種子，我們只需要留意奇跡！A.buying購買；B.changing更換；C.receiving接收；D.planting種植。上文“AlthoughIhadbeentryingtoplantalltherightplantsto8them,ittookahurricaneformeto9attractthemtomyyardandtoreallyobservethemclosely.(雖然我一直試圖種植所有合適的植物來吸引它們，但經(jīng)過一場(chǎng)颶風(fēng)，我才最終將它們吸引到我的院子里，并真正仔細(xì)觀察它們。)”可知，plant為復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，故選D項(xiàng)。（2022·江西景德鎮(zhèn)·一模）Innovation(創(chuàng)新)comesfromenvironmentswhereideascanconnect.____1____?ThisistheveryquestionanewinformationchartfromTopMasterslookstoanswer.Accordingtothereport,ground-breakinginnovationshavecomedespitethetragiceffectofepidemicsthroughouthistory.ThisisatimelyreportbecausepeoplearecomingupwithsomeinnovativeideastoaddressmanyofthechallengesbroughtonbyCOVID-19.Asepidemicsgo,theBlackDeathofthe1300swasextremelyshocking.____2____.Accordingtothereport,itwasresponsibleforchangingtheeconomicandsocialstructureofEuropeandthecreationofamiddleclass.TherewereotheroutbreaksoftheplagueinEnglandlateron.In1592,Londonfacedanoutbreakthatshutdowntheatersforsixmonths.ThisledShakespearetostartwritingpoetrytomakealiving.____3____.Anotherplaguein1606alsoclosedthetheatresinLondon,andthistimeShakespearewroteKingLearandMacbeth.IntheUS,theBostonsmallpoxepidemicof1721led1othespreadofvariolation(天花接種)whichwasresponsibleforreducingthedeathratefrom14%to2%,aswellasthefirststepstowardsvaccines.____4____COVID-19iscausingseriousdamagearoundtheworld.Andalthoughthedeathrateisnowhereclose,theeconomicimpacthasbeenoverwhelming.Onthenegativeside,ithashighlightedmanyoftheshortcominginthehealth-careindustryasnursesanddoctorsbattlethevirusunfortunatelyunder-equipped.____5____.Today’sinnovatorsareaddressingventilator(呼吸機(jī))shortagesbyusing3Dprintersanddesigningsimplerventilators;distillersareproducinghandsanitizer(消毒劑);companiesaremakingwashableandreusablemasks;apparetrackingthevirusandfightingthespreadofmisinformation.A．ButdoesepidemicshavemorenegativeeffectsontheenvironmentB．SowhatkindofenvironmentdoesanepidemiccreatewhenitcomestoquickeninginnovationC．AndthedebateofvaccinationusheredinanewerainjournalismD．Withincreasedconnectivityandtechnology,innovatorsaretryingtosolvemanymedicalproblemsE．Nowadays,health-careequipmenthasbeenmadeinlargequantitiesF．AnditwasduringthistimethathewroteVenusandAdonis,andTheRapeofLucreG．Theplague(瘟疫),asitisalsoknown,wipedoutupto60%ofthepopulationinEurope1．B

2．G

3．F

4．C

5．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述在疫情形式下也有創(chuàng)新。1．根據(jù)上文“Innovation(創(chuàng)新)comesfromenvironmentswhereideascanconnect.”(創(chuàng)新來自思想可以聯(lián)系的環(huán)境。)和下文“ThisistheveryquestionanewinformationchartfromTopMasterslookstoanswer.Accordingtothereport,ground-breakinginnovationshavecomedespitethetragiceffectofepidemicsthroughouthistory.”(這正是頂級(jí)大師的新信息圖表所要回答的問題。根據(jù)該報(bào)告，盡管歷史上流行病的悲劇性影響，但仍有突破性的創(chuàng)新。)可知，這里是對(duì)疫情會(huì)創(chuàng)造什么樣的創(chuàng)新環(huán)境發(fā)出疑問。選項(xiàng)B“那么，在加快創(chuàng)新時(shí)，疫情會(huì)創(chuàng)造什么樣的環(huán)境”和上下文意思一致。故選B。2．根據(jù)上文“Asepidemicsgo,theBlackDeathofthe1300swasextremelyshocking.”(隨著流行病的蔓延，1300年的黑死病非常令人震驚。)和下文“Accordingtothereport,itwasresponsibleforchangingtheeconomicandsocialstructureofEuropeandthecreationofamiddle