沖刺2023年高考英語名校好題練手卷(十)原卷版

沖刺2023年高考英語名校好題練手卷（十）第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATop4FamousBridgesaroundtheWorldUNDULATINGBRIDGE,CHINAThisbridgeisanengineeringmarvel.Itsdistinctivearchitectureisattractingtheattentionofmanyengineersworldwide.Thisbridgeincludesavarietyofroutesatdifferentlevels.Itfeatures“adiversityofroutings“ondifferentheights,providingseveralroutesforwalkerstotakeastheycrosstheriver.TOWERBRIDGETowerBridgeisasymbolforLondon.ThebridgehastwoGothictowersandthewalkwayswhichcrossbetweenthetwotowers.VisitorscanvisittheTowerBridgefromthenorthsideofthebridgeandwatchthebridgeforstructuralengineering.AndthenfromthebridgeathighchannelacrosstheThames,enjoythebeautifulsceneryonbothsides.BROOKLYNBRIDGEBrooklynBridgeisoneoftheoldestsuspensionbridgesintheUnitedStates,connectingManhattantoBrooklyn.ThebridgingoftheEastRiverwasalengthyandcomplicatedbusinesswhichsawmanymengettinginjuredinthedangerousworkingconditionsofthetime.Thebridgeisnowamuch-lovedfeatureofNewYorkandcanbeseeninmanytelevisionshowsandmovies.CHARLESBRIDGECharlesBridge’sfirststonewaslaidbyKingCharlesIV.ThebridgetodayofferssomethingofashorthistoryofPragueandCzechoslovakia.Arecentrenovationsawtheoriginalstatuesbeingreplacedwithmodernreplicasandtheoriginalscarefullyremovedtoamuseum.WheneveryouareinPrague,besuretowanderovertheCharlesBridge.1．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Anewsreport. B．Atravelbrochure. C．Asciencebook. D．Abusinessjournal.2．Whichbridgecanmostprobablybeseeninfilms?A．UndulatingBridge. B．TowerBridge. C．BrooklynBridge. D．CharlesBridge.3．WhatcanweknowaboutCharlesBridgefromthetext?A．It’sasymbolforBritisharchitecture.B．Ithasatroublesomeconstructionhistory.C．Itsoriginalstatuescanbeseeninamuseum.D．Itenablesvisitorstocrosstheriverviadifferentroutes.BClimateactivistHenryEmsontoldEuronewsthatwhenhebecameafathersevenyearsago,hewasworriedabouthisfamily’seffectontheenvironment.Afterdoingsomeresearch,hefoundthebestwaytoeliminatetheircarbonfootprintwasbyplantinggiantsequoiatrees(巨型紅杉樹).Giantsequoiasareidealforcapturingcarbondioxidebecausetheycontinuetogrowconsistentlyforcenturies,storingCO2overtime.GeneralSherman,theworld’slargestsequoiatree,hasstoredanestimated1,500tonsofCO2initstrunkoverthelast2,200yearsandcouldliveanother800years.Theaveragehumancouldgeneratecloseto1,000tonsofCO2overtheirlifetime,soplantingonegiantsequoiacouldeffectivelyreducethecarbonfootprintofmorethanoneperson.Afterrealizingthepowergiantsequoiashavetofightclimatechange,EmsondevotedhislifetoplantingthousandsintheUKbycreatingtheOneLifeOneTreeproject.Itsfinalgoalistoplant100,000giantsequoiasintheUKby2030,andaccordingtoTheMirror,asofMarch2022,ithasalreadyplanted700.TreesarecurrentlybeingplantednearAbergavennyinWalesandtheprojectisexpandingtoDevon,theLakeDistrictandScotland.WhilethecommonassumptionisthatthesegianttreescanonlybegrowninNorthernCalifornia,theyactuallydowellintheUKatatimewhenthesequoiapopulationisthreatenedbackhome.AccordingtoOneTreeOneLife,95%oftheold-growthsequoiapopulationhasbeenloggedoverthepasttwocenturiesandwhatremainsisunderthreatfromclimatechange.“A10year＋droughtandtemperatureincreasehavegreatlydamagedthehealthofthetrees.Asecondaryimpactofthedroughtismakingthemincreasinglysusceptible(易受影響的)toinsectattackandfire,”thesitesays.ConsideringthedangerthatclimatechangeiscausinggiantsequoiasinCalifornia,Emson’sworkalsobenefitsthesetrees.“They’relikeclimaterefugees(難民)—wehelpthemwithassistedmigration,”hetoldEuronews.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate”inthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A．Measure. B．Remove. C．Overlook. D．Spread.5．Howdoesthetextmainlyshowgiantsequoias’abilitytostoreCO2?A．Bygivinganexample. B．Bydoinganexperiment.C．Bymakingcomparisons. D．Byreferringtocomments.6．WhydidHenryEmsonlaunchtheOneLifeOneTreeproject?A．Toprotecttheenvironmentbyplantingtrees.B．Totesttheadaptabilityofgiantsequoiatrees.C．Tosavedifferentkindsofendangeredtrees.D．Toprovethevalueofgiantsequoiastohiskids.7．WhatcanbelearnedaboutHenryEmson’swork?A．ItdisturbsthewholeecosystemofCalifornia.B．Itindirectlyturnsgiantsequoiasintorefugees.C．Ithelpspromotethesurvivalofgiantsequoias.D．ItassistsCaliforniainrecoveringfromdrought.CItwasn’tuntilIgraduatedfromcollegethatIsubsequentlyrealizedthatknowledgeissoendlessthatIwasabletolearnforpleasure.Asenseofcuriosity,ratherthanperfectionism,guidedme.Istartedtoseedictionariesasfieldguidestothelifeoflanguage.LookingupwordsencounteredinthewildfeltlesslikeafailureandmorelikeanadmissionthatIstilldidn’tknowlotsofthingsandanopportunitytodiscovermore.Icherishmy1954copyofWebster’sNewInternationalDictionarygivenbymyroommate.IoftenconsultitduringtheeveninggamesofScrabbleormiddaymagazinereading.Imostlyreadnovelsatnight,inbed,sowhenIcomeacrossunfamiliarwords,Ifoldthebottomofthepageandthenlookthemupwordbyword.WhenIstartencounteringthesewords,thelanguageworldseemstoshrinktothesizeofasmalltown.Wikipediaanswersquestionswithmorequestions,openinguppagesofinformationyouneveraskedfor.Butadictionarybuildsoncommonknowledge,usingsimplewordstoexplainmorecomplexones.UsingonefeelsasifI’mopeninganoyster(牡蠣)withcuriosity.Unknownwordsbecomemysteries,andsolvingthemgivesmesatisfaction.Whyalwaysleavethemuptoguesswork?Whynotconsultadictionaryandfeeltheinstantcontentmentofpairingcontextwithadefinition?Dictionariesrewardyouforpayingattention,bothtothethingsyouconsumeandtoyourowncuriosity.Theyareanentranceintothekindofchildishurgetojustknowthings,whichIhadbeforelearningbecameadutyinsteadofagame.Formostofyou,dictionariesareagatewayintothatkindofunconsideredknowledge-seeking.Theyremindyouthat,whenitcomestolearning,allowingyourcuriosityisjustasimportantaspayingattention.Afterall,isn’tcuriosityreallyjustanotherformofattention?Followingyourcuriosityinsteadofpushingitaway,consultyourdictionaryandfeelconnectedtomorethanwhat’srightinfrontofyou.8．Whatdoesconsultingdictionariesmeantotheauthor?A．Aguidetoshapehischaracter.B．Acompleteadmissionoffailure.C．Achancetoexploretheunknown.D．Auniquewayofperfectinghimself.9．Whatdoes“cherish”underlinedinparagraph2mean?A．Lose. B．Prize.C．Edit. D．Publish.10．WhyisWikipediamentionedinparagraph3?A．Toshowadvantagesofdictionaries.B．Toindicatetheimportanceoftechnology.C．Tointroduceanotherpowerfullearningtool.D．Toprovethebenefitsofusingthesearchengine.11．Whatdoestheauthortrytodointhelastparagraph?A．Makeanappeal.B．Raisedoubts.C．Giveawarning.D．Expressthanks.DManyownersofelectriccarshavewishedforabatterypackthatcouldpowertheirvehicleformorethanathousandmilesonasinglecharge.Researchershavedevelopedalithium-airbatterythatcouldmakethatdreamareality.Thenewbatterydesigncouldalsoonedaypowerairplanesandtrucks.Themainnewcomponentinthislithium-airbatteryisasolidelectrolyte(電解質(zhì))insteadoftheusualliquidvariety.Batterieswithsolidelectrolytesarenotsubjecttosafetyproblemswiththeliquidelectrolytesusedinlithium-ionandotherbatterytypes,whichcanoverheatandcatchfire.Moreimportantly,thesolidelectrolytecanpotentiallyboosttheenergyfourtimes,whichtranslatesintolongerdrivingrange.Foroveradecade,scientistshavebeenworkingovertimetodevelopalithium(鋰)batterythatmakesuseoftheoxygeninair.Thelithium-airbatteryhasthehighestenergyofanybatterytechnologybeingconsideredforthenextgenerationofbatteriesbeyondlithium-ion.Thenewsolidelectrolyteiscomposedofamaterialmadefromrelativelyinexpensiveelements,comparedwiththepastdesigns.Besides,thechemicalreactioninlithium-iononlyinvolvesoneortwoelectronsstoredperoxygenmolecule(分子),whilethatforlithium-airbatteryinvolvesfourelectrons.Moreelectronsstoredmeanshigherenergy.Thenewdesignisthefirstlithium-airbatterythathasachievedafour-electronreactionatroomtemperature.Italsooperateswithoxygensuppliedbyairfromthesurroundingenvironment.Thecapabilitytorunwithairavoidstheneedforoxygentankstooperate,aproblemwithearlierdesigns.“Withfurtherdevelopment,weexpectournewdesignforthelithium-airbatterytoreacharecordof1200watt-hoursperkilogram,”saidCurtiss,aresearcher.“Thatisnearlyfourtimesbetterthanlithium-ionbatteries.”12．Whatcontributesmosttothelithium-ionbattery?A．Lithium-ion. B．Oxygenmolecules. C．Solidelectrolytes. D．Liquidcomponent.13．What’stheproblemwithlithium-ionbatteries?A．Theyburneasilyifoverheated. B．Theyareunsafeinproduction.C．Theydamagetheenvironment. D．Theyrequirelongerchargingtime.14．Howdoestheauthororganizeparagraph4?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Bypresentingstatistics D．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.15．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．HowLithium-airBatteriesWork B．WhatwillBeUsedtoPowerAirplanesC．ElectricCarsAreBecomingMorePopular D．NewBatteriesOfferLongerDriving第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Applyingthecorrecttimemanagementskillsandtipscanhelpyougetmoreorganizedandincreaseproductivity.Themoreofthesetoolsyoulearntouse,themorethatyouwillgetdoneeachday.___16___.First,getreadyyourworklistforthefollowingdaytheeveningornightbefore.Thebestexerciseisforyoutoplanyourentirenextdayasthelastthingyoudobeforecominghomefromwork.Whenyouplanyourdaythenightbefore,yoursubconsciousnessthengoestoworkonyourplansandgoalswhileyouareasleep.Veryoftenyouwillwakeupinthemorningwithideasandinsightsthatapplytotheworkoftheday.___17___.Amajorreasonforinsomnia(失眠)isyourlyingawaketryingnottoforgettoremembereverythingthatyouhavetodothefollowingday.Scheduleyourtime.___18___Theveryactofusingyourorganizationalskillstoplanyourday,week,andmonth,givesyouagreaterfeelingofcontrolandwillhelpincreaseproductivitythroughoutyourday.You’llfeelinchargeofyourlife.Masteringyourtimeorganizationactuallyincreasesyourself-esteem(自尊).___19___StartEarly.Toincreaseproductivity,startyourdayearly.Themoretimeyoutaketosit,think,andplan,thebetterorganizedyouwillbeineveryareaofyourlife.Inthebiographiesandautobiographiesofsuccessfulmenandwomen,almostallofthemhaveonethingincommon.Theydevelopedgreatorganizationalskillsandthehabitofgoingtobedatareasonablehourandrisingearly.Manysuccessfulpeopleariseat5:00A．M.or5:30A．M.___20___Asaresult,theyarealwaysmoreeffectivethanthosewhosleepinuntilthelastpossiblemoment.A．Prepareinadvance.B．Itreducesstressandreleasesenergy.C．Increaseproductivitywithprimetime.D．Asaresult,itimprovesyoursenseofpersonalpower.E．Thentheycanhaveenoughtimetothinkandplanforthecomingday.F．Yourmostimportantworkrequiresthatyoubeatyourbest,andcreative.G．Amajorbenefitofdoingsoisthatthisexerciseletsyousleepmoresoundly.第二部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項?！癈hallenge-basedlearningisoftenfocusedonthechallengesthathaveglobalimpact.Thestudents,who_____21_____thechallenge,oftendon’tknowwhatthesolutionwillbe.Thefacilitatoriskeepingthemfrom_____22_____asolutiontooearly,andencouragestoanalyzethechallengefrommultiplepointsofview,andfromdifferentscientificperspectives,”saysVilmaSukacke,aresearcheratKaunasUniversityofTechnology(KTU),Lithuania.Suchalearningapproachisveryfittingtosustainabilityeducation,which,accordingtovariousscholars,_____23_____acontextual,problem-oriented,reflective,interdisciplinary(跨學科),collaborative,participatoryandempoweredlearningenvironment.Inotherwords,educatorshaveto_____24_____frommoretraditionalteacher-centrededucationtobecominginstructionaldesignersofstudent-centrededucation.Aimingtoevaluatethe_____25_____ofsuchapproaches,agroupofresearchersfromLithuanian,Danish,German,PortugueseandSpanishuniversitiesconductedasystematicliteraturereview,_____26_____thethreeactivelearningmethods,i.e..project,problemandchallenge-basedlearningaccordingtotheADDIE(analysis,design,development,implementation,andevaluation)framework._____27_____theeducatorsagreethatproblem-basedlearning(PBL),project-basedlearning(PJBL)and,morerecently,challenge-basedlearning(CBL)areefficientinteachingthestudentsto_____28_____technologyinreal-lifesituationsandimprovingtheirtransversal(橫向)skills,suchasteamwork,communicationandconflictresolution,theapplicationofthesemethodsintheclassroommaybechallengingforbothsides.“Inmypractice,Ihavenoticedthatsometimesstudentsare_____29_____innovativelearningmethodsandareconsideringthemasasortofagame.Astheseclassesoftentakeplaceinaplayfullenvironment,fullofdifferentpencils,colorfulnotesandbuildingblocks,it’sdifficultforthestudentstotakethem_____30_____.Therefore,it’sveryimportantto_____31_____themethodsandthegoalstothelearnersveryclearly,”saysProfessorSaulePetronienefromKTUFacultyofSocialSciences,ArtsandHumanities,aco-authorofthestudy.Accordingtoher,tosuccessfullyapplyunconventionalteachingmethodsisachallengeforabeginningteacher.However,thiseffort_____32_____,especiallywhenstudentscontinuetheiractivitiesoutsideschoolandfocusonsolving_____33_____socialproblems.Rescarchersbelievethatthe_____34_____ofCBL,PJBL,andPBLrequiresaparadigm(范式)shift,whereorganization,staffandstudentschangetheirviewtoeducationandlearning.Inthisprocess,bothteachersandstudentsneedtoapplynewskillsand_____35_____rolesthattheymightnothaveneededbefore.21．A．a(chǎn)llow B．introduce C．a(chǎn)ccept D．expect22．A．carryingon B．focusingon C．a(chǎn)pplyingfor D．inquiringabout23．A．caresabout B．tellsof C．turnsto D．callsfor24．A．shift B．differ C．suffer D．learn25．A．outcome B．efficiency C．impact D．value26．A．exploring B．a(chǎn)pplying C．modifying D．explaining27．A．Whether B．Aslongas C．Although D．Because28．A．develop B．include C．a(chǎn)ssociate D．integrate29．A．a(chǎn)pproving B．questioning C．preventing D．a(chǎn)dopting30．A．a(chǎn)ffectionately B．calmly C．seriously D．coolly31．A．transfer B．change C．communicate D．express32．A．paysoff B．goesaway C．givesoff D．breaksdown33．A．subjective B．real C．imaginary D．virtual34．A．combination B．organization C．realization D．cooperation35．A．takeon B．putaway C．sendfor D．dealwith第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Instrumentsareanecessarypartofmakingmusic,butwhatmusicsoundslikewillalsodependupon____36____(it)styleandrhythm.Musicisoftendivided____37____twomaingroups:classicalandpopular.Thesenamescanmeandifferentthingstodifferentpeople,andtheirmeaningscanchangeovertime.Popularmusiciswhatmanypeopleplayorlistentoforfun.Itcouldbefolk,country,popandrock,orjazz.Oftenthemusicstyle____38____(change)witheachnewgenerationofmusicians.Allovertheworldthereare____39____(talent)musicianswhoperformthisstyleofmusic____40____(earn)alivingorjustforfun.Abandofmusiciansusuallyplayacertainstyleofmusicthattheylike,____41____(create)asoundthatisspecialtothem.Classicalmusicis____42____(most)usedtodescribemoreformalmusic,oftenperformedinfrontofaseatedsilentaudience.Mostofthismusic____43____(write)alongtimeago.Classicalmusicisoftenplayedbyanorchestra(管弦樂隊)in____44____musiciansplayeitherwoodwind,brass,orstringinstruments.Therearemanyfamousorchestrasthroughout_____45_____world,withmanycountrieshavingtheirownspecialones.第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假設你是李華，你所在的學校將于下月舉辦“中國文化節(jié)”活動。請根據(jù)以下提示，寫一封信邀請你校英國留學生Jacob屆時參加。內(nèi)容包括：1.活動目的;2.活動內(nèi)容;3.期待參加。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearJacob,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________YoursSincerely,Li Hua第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構成一個完整的故事。OutsidetheBoxTheHarvestfestcontestwasfallingonFridayandeveryoneinschoolwastalkingaboutit.Allthestudentswouldshowupintheirself-madecostumesandawinnerwouldbechosenbytheprincipal.“DoyouhaveyourcostumefortheHarvestfestcontest?”Aliceasked.“I’mgoingasachocolatebar.MymomandIhavebeenworkingonitallweek.”“Yeah,Ihaveacostume,”saidJordanEastman,poppingupthetwofrontwheelsofhiswheelchairashewaitedforhisdadtopickhimup.“Butit’sboring.”“Why?Whatisit?”Aliceasked.“MaxMagthesuperhero,butDanny,TomandIzzyareallgoingasMaxMagtoo.”Jordanshookhishead.“That’stoomanytostandachanceatwinningthecontest.”Hewavedtohisdad,whohadjustpulledupinfrontoftheschool.Jordanrolledhiswheelchairtowardhisdad,andAlicewalkedwithhimtotheminivan.“Maybeyoushouldgoassomethingelse.”“ThecontestisFridaynight.”Jordansighed.“It’stoolatetochangecostumes.”“Jordan,youhavetothinkoutsidethebox.Lookaroundyourhouseandseewhatyouhave.There’shiddenpotentialineverydayitems.”Shetookasipofherdrink,andtoldJordanthatherchocolate-barcostumewas