2018高考浙江卷英語真題及答案

2018年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試（浙江卷）

英語

第二局部閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，總分值35分）

第一節(jié)（共10小題；每題2.5分，總分值25分）

閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最

正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66

novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsfor

acentury一mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoe

in1719—butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.The

steam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;the

literacy（識(shí)字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksof

fictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwith

somethinglike“Byalady.〃Novels,forthemostpart,were

lookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.

In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasits

firstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,

whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsand

theirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOliverTwistto

TinyTim-wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens'

greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon（名

人堂）ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseas

theLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa,

HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreaders

attachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetest

oftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswere

publishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837rol901;todaya

casualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It'

spartlytruethatDickens'styleofwritingattracted

audiences

fromallwalksoflife.It'spartlythathiswritingsrodea

waveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butit,s

alsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimself

atthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,

energyandluckmadeDickenssuchasingularwriter.Butasthe

200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible-

andimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemade

himselfalastingone.

21.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe

18thcentury?

A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.

B.Theywerepopularamongtherich.

C.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.

D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.

22.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetextto

stress.

A.hisreputationinFrance

B.hisinterestinmodernart

C.hissuccessinpublication

D.hisimportanceinliterature

23.WhatistheauthorJspurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Torememberagreatwriter.

B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.

C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.

D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.

B

StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrange

habitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe,sanenvironmental

scientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthings

thatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.What

isevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein，sjobsisdefending

anindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.

Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbags

everyyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighways

thatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthemat

checkouts（4攵專艮臺(tái)）.Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90cities

inCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,

plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethe

casethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmost

peopleassume.

Amongthebagmakers'argument:manycitieswithbansstill

allowshopperstopurchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycled

butrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.Andwhile

plasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,theyrepresentasmall

percentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday,z.x.xk

Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathas

appearedasitsreplacement:reusableshoppingbags.The

strongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslifeandthemore

plastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lasting

reusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfound

thatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetter

fortheplanetthanplastic.

Environmentalistsdon，tdispute（質(zhì)疑）thesepoints.They

hopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwant

shopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.

24.WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?

A.Helpincreasegrocerysales.

B.Recyclethewastematerial.

C.Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.

D.Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.

25.Whatdoestheword“headwinds〃inparagraph2referto?

A.Bansonplasticbags.

B.Effectsofcitydevelopment.

C.Headachescausedbygarbage.

D.Plasticbagshungintrees.

26.Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingto

plastic-bagmakers?

A.Theyarequiteexpensive.

B.Replacingthemcanbedifficult.

C.Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.

D.Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.

27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Plastic,PaperorNeither

B.Industry,PollutionandEnvironment

C.RecycleorThrowAway

D.GarbageCollectionandWasteControl

C

Asculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.The

ModelTFordwasbuiRatthePiquettePlantinMichigana

centuryago,withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline（裝

酉己線）onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproduced

thenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteen

millionofthem.

ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.Thecar

shapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:

theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhe

hamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresented

whatitmeanttobeAmerican-goingforwardathighspeedto

findnewworlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethe

mosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheap

carsandanever-endinginterstatehighwaysystem,thelargest

publicworksprojectinhistory.

In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achicken

ineverypotandacarineverygarage.〃Sincethen,this

societyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecar

transformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoan

industrialpower,zxx.k

ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreate

aglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhas

grownby22percentsince1990.

Theproblemsofexcessive（過度的）energyconsumption,

climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedina

bookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearsthe

worst,buthopesforthebest.

Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy（經(jīng)濟(jì)）isachance

tokeepAmericanstrength."Theabilitytodesign,buildand

exportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanair

andhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyof

powerinthenewcentury.

28.Whyishamburgermentionedinparagraph2?

A.ToexplainAmericans'lovefortravellingbycar.

B.ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericanculture.

C.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans.

D.TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica'sroadsystem.

29.WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?

A.Declineofeconomy.B.

Environmentalproblems.

C.Ashortageofoilsupply.D.A

farm-basedsociety.

30.WhatisFriedman?sattitudetowardsAmerica?sfuture?

A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.

D.Tolerant.

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每題2分，總分值10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選

項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexciting

experience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecome

anacceptableandvaluablepartofyourneighborhood.the

easiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconduct

yourselfasagoodneighborshould.31

Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasa

goodneighboristokeepyourproperty（房產(chǎn)）neat,clean,and

ingoodrepair.32__Bychoosingtokeeptheoutside

ofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoinprovethelook

andfeelofthearea.

Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhood

seriously,.Whengoingforawalk.Takeasmallgarbagebag.

33Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthat

youcareaboutthearea.

34Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offer

tocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,

offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowyouarethere

tohelpinanywaythisacceptable,whilestillrespectingthe

privacyofyourneighbor.

35Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespecting

others,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingpride

intheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwill

quicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciate.

A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyare

gone.

B.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmall

ways.

C.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsiderate

behavior.

D.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogether

todoshopping.

E.Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofa

passingcar,pickitup.

F.Peopletendtolakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheir

streetfreshandinviting.

G.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneinthe

neighborhoodquickly

第三局部語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，總分值45分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每題1.5分，總分值30分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，

選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Wehaveallheardhowtimeismorevaluablethanmoney,but

isit36tohavetoomuch?

I37backinhighschoolIspentmostofmydayatschool

sinceIalso38ateamsport.BythetimeIgothome,Ionly

hadafewhourstodomyhomework,andIhadtodoit39

WhenIgotintocollege,things40.Isuddenlyfound

myselfoutofclassbeforenoontime.Becauseofallthis

41therewasnosenseof42todomyschoolwork

immediately.Iwasperformingthisactionofwaitinguntilit

laterbecame43.Oncethathappened,Ijustkept44my

studyingfurtherandfurtherbackinmyday.ThenIgottothe

pointwhereIwas45reallylateatnighttogetmywork

alone.

OnedayI46aformerclassmateofminewhowas47a

lotofmoneyrunningasideline（副業(yè)）.Sincehisregularjobwas

48Iaskedhimwhyhejustdidn，tdohissidelinefull-time.

Hesaidwithoutthejob,hewould49havetoomuchtimeand

wouldjustdowhatIdidbackin50.Hesaidthatifhe51

thejob,hewouldlosehis52toworkandsucceed.

So,try53yourtinewithotherwork.Thisiswhythere

isa54thatifyouwantsomethingdone,aska55

persontodoit.

36.A.tueB.fairC.strangeD.

possible

37.A.rememberB.admitC.understandD.

expect

38.A.watchedB.loved.C.CoachedD.

played

39.A.allastB?rightawayC.ofcourse

D.mattered

40.A.happendB?repeatedC,changedD.

mattered

41.A.extraB.difficult.C.valuableD.

limited

42.A.dutyB.achievementC.urgencyD.

direction

43.A.burdenB?reliefC.risk

D.habit

44.A.pushingB.takingC.setting

D.calling

45.A.hangingoutB?stayingupC.jogginground

D.showingoff

46.A.metB.helpedC.treatedD.

hired

47.A.raisingB.wastingC.demandingD.

making

48.A.safeB.importantC.boringD

rewarding

49.A.luckilyB.hardlyC.hopefully

D.simply

50.A.childhoodB.collegeC.townD.

business

51.A.quitB.foundC.acceptedD.kept

52.A.heartB.chanceC.driveD.

way

53.A.savingB.fillingupC.givingupD

trading

54.A.messageB.storyC.sayingD.fact

55.A.carefulB.busyC.reliableD.

kind

非選擇題局部

第三局部語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，總分值45分）

第二節(jié)（共10小題：每題1.5分，總分值15分）

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)

單詞的正確形式。

FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesirecrtimetocook.

MakingChinese56（dish）isseenasespeciallytroublesome.

Manywesterners57cometoChinacookmuchlessthanin

theirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap58canbe

toeatout.Istillremember59(visit)afriendwho'd

livedhereforfiveyearsandI60(shock)whenIlearntshe

hadn,tcookedonceinallthattime.

Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto61(become)common

formanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it'snotwithoutacost.

Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmay

be62(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecould

beaneven63(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershave

foundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfood

eatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein64(weigh)problems.

Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggest

thatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum,shome65dinner,

getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.You

mightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealth

butinyourpocket.

第四局部寫作(共兩節(jié)，總分值40分)

第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作(總分值15分)

假定你是李華，你校英語協(xié)會(huì)招聘志愿者，接待來訪的國外中學(xué)

生。請(qǐng)你寫信應(yīng)聘，內(nèi)容包括:

1.口語能力：

2.相關(guān)經(jīng)歷；

3.應(yīng)聘目的。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)80左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫（總分值25分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)展續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故

事。

Itwassummer,andmydadwantedtotreatmetoavacation

likeneverbefore.HedecidedtotakemeonatriptotheWild

West.

WetookaplanetoAlbuquerque,abigcityinthestateof

NewMexico.WereachedAlbuquerqueinthelateafternoon.Uncle

Paul,mydad'sfriend,pickedusupfromtheairportanddrove

usuptohisfarminPecos.

HiswifeTinacookedusadeliciousdinnerandwegotto

knowhissonsRyanandKyle.MydadandIspentthenightin

theguestroomofthefarmhouselisteningtothefrogsandwater

rollingdowntherivernearby.Veryearlyinthemorning,Uncle

Paulwokeusuptohavebreakfast."Thedaystartsatdawnon

myfarm,，zhesaid.Afterbreakfast,IwenttohelpAuntTina

feedthechickens,whilemydadwentwithUnclePaultotake

thesheepouttograze（吃草）.Iwasimpressedtoseemydadand

UnclePaulridinghorses.Theylookedreallycool.

Intheafternoon,IaskedUnclePaulifIcouldtakeahose

ride,andhesaidyes,aslongasmydadwentwithme.Iwasn'

tgoingtotakeahor