四級聽力短對話及長對話技巧

?第一步：預判（3-5分鐘）?第二步：聽力開始（35分鐘）?第三步：查閱環(huán)節(jié)（時間因人而異）?1、對答案。?2、查詞和短語。?3、翻譯句子。?第四步：視聽和跟讀原文（時間因人而異）?第五步：裸聽（時間因人而異）?第六步：部分聽寫（時間因人而異）Content?聽前預測?一般規(guī)律?三大原則?對話類型分析?多義詞匯?ShortConversations?LongConversations?PassageComprehension?CompoundDictation?解題原則?解題技巧?重點主題介紹一般規(guī)律?邀約必失敗?吃飯必同意?作業(yè)(考試)一定難(對象多為男性)?房間必爆滿(開房男，酒店女)?A)TheyarebothanxioustotryItalianfood.?B)Theyarelikelytohavedinnertogether.?C)Themanwilltreatthewomantodinnertonight.?D)Thewomanrefusedtohavedinnerwiththeman.?M:Mary,wouldyoujoinmefordinnertonight??W:Youtreatedmelastweekend.Nowitismyturn.ShallwetrysomethingItalian??Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?三大原則?視聽反向原則?ShortConversations的選項中被讀到的單詞短語或句子為錯誤項。?同義替換?后一句更重要(第二句)?同主(主語)題例：A)Shemusthavepaidalotforthegym.B)Sheisknowntohaveaterrificfigure.C)Hergymexercisehasyieldedgoodresults.D)Herefforttokeepfitisreallypraiseworthy.(200912)?Woman:I'vebeenworkingoutthegymsinceJanuary.Iwasabitoutofshape.?Man:Youlookterrific!Itseemsthatyourefforthaspaidoff.?Question:Whatdoesthemanimplyaboutthewoman?聽前預測?看題原則：?高頻詞（常為名詞）?主語?謂語?類似選項保留聽前預測?通過選項內容推測對話內容?利用選項特點推測問題內容?通過選項推測問題針對對象?通過主題一致原則排除干擾選項?A)Makeaprofitableinvestment.?B)Buyanewwashingmachine.?C)GetpartsforthemachinefromJapan.?D)Havetheoldwashingmachinefixed.?M:Mywashingmachineismorethanfifteenyearsoldandithasworkedjustfineuntillastnight.?W:You'llneverbeabletogetpartsforit,evenfromJapan.Soitmightbetimetoinvestinamorerecentmodel.?Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando??A)Thewomanisgoingtoholdabigpartytomorrow.?B)Themanhasnoideawhattherightthingtodois.?C)Thewomandoesn'tknowhowtogettotheparty.?D)Themanofferstodrivethewomantotheparty.?W:Ican'tdecidewhattodoaboutthepartytomorrow.?M:Youdon'thavetogoifyoudon'twantto.ButI'llbegladtogiveyouarideifyoudo.?Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation??選項以動詞原形開頭?選項均為不定式短語?選項均為-ing動詞短語?選項均為名詞短語?選項均為地點場景?角色或關系?數(shù)字信息?比較結構?表示評價、感受、意愿或建議的詞考察行為活動，常涉及建議做某事?A)Lookforaplacenearheroffice.?B)Findanewjobdownthestreet.?C)Makeinquirieselsewhere.?D)Rentthe$600apartment.?W:Excuseme.Doyouhaveanyapartmentsavailableforunder500dollarsamonth?Ineedtomoveinnextweekwhenmynewjobstarts.?M:TheonlyvacantoneIhaveis600dollars,haveyouinquiredattheapartmentcomplex(綜合性大樓)downthestreet??Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?問做某事的目的或原因，抑或計劃、打算、決定、承諾或要求做某事?A、Tofindoutmoreaboutthetopicfortheseminar.?B、Tomakeacopyofthescheduleforhisfriend.?C、Togettheseminarscheduleforthewoman.?D、Topickupthewomanfromthelibrary.如強調動作為考察正在進行的動作；如不是則為某項計劃、打算或建議的內容。有時也為考察對話談論的主題?A、Drawingupabusinessplan.?B、Discussingatermplan.?C、Finalizingacontract.?D、Reviewingaco-authoredarticle.如選項均為概括性較強的名詞或名詞性短語(動名詞)，且內容差異較大，很可能考察談話主題或對話中出現(xiàn)某一事件的主題；如概括性不強，較具體，且同屬一類別則考察對話中的細節(jié)?A、Atragicaccident.?B、Asadoccasion.?C、Smith'sunusuallifestory.?D、Smith'ssleepingproblem考察“地點場景”，可能是對話發(fā)生的場景或地點，也可能是某人所處位置或是過去或將要去的地點?A)Ataclinic.?B)Inasupermarket.?C)Atarestaurant.?D)Inanice-creamshop.?M:I'llhavethesteak,Frenchfries,andlet'ssee,chocolateice-creamfordessert.?W:Oh-oh,youknowthesethingswillruinyourhealth,toomuchfatandsugar,howaboutorderingsomevegetablesandfruitinstead??Q:Whatdoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?一般考察對話中某個人物的職業(yè)或身份，或對話雙方間的關系?A)Teacherandstudent?B)Doctorandpatient.?C)Managerandofficeworker.?D)Travelagentandcustomer.?M:Mr.Watson,Iwonderwhetherit'spossibleformetotakeavacationearlynextmonth??W:Didyoufilloutarequestform??Q:Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?對話中可能出現(xiàn)不止一個數(shù)字，聽音時要注意數(shù)字以及與數(shù)字對應的信息做好筆記?A)At10:30?B)At10:25?C)At10:40?D)At10:45?M:Sowhenaretheotherguysgoingtogethere?Thetrainisleavingin10min.Wecan'twaithereforever.?W:It's10:30already.They'resupposedtobeherebynow.Itoldeverybodytomeethereby10:15.?Q:Whenisthetrainleaving?可能涉及人或事物之間的異同和優(yōu)劣比較，或是人事物某方面的變化和發(fā)展?A)Hewishestohavemorecourseslikeit.?B)Hefindsithardtofollowtheteacher.?C)Hewishestheteacherwouldtalkmore.?D)Hedoesn'tliketheteacher'saccent.?W:Youtookanoptionalcoursethissemester,didn'tyou?Howisitgoing??M:Terrible.Itseemslikethemoretheprofessortalks,thelessIunderstand.?Q:Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthecourse?考察觀點、態(tài)度、感受或建議?A)Heispleasedwithhisexcitingnewjob.?B)Hefindsthehugeworkloadunbearable.?C)Hefindshisofficemuchtoobigforhim.?D)Heisnotsoexcitedabouthisnewposition.Think,believe,find,should,hadbetter,wouldlike,agree,disagree,like,dislike,enjoy,mind,good,bad,excited,surprised,reasonable,wise?W:Iheardaboutyourpromotion.Youmustbethrilled.?M:Notreally.Thenewofficeishuge,buttheworkloadhasdoubled.?Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation??A)Planhisbudgetcarefully.?B)Givehermoreinformation.?C)Asksomeoneelseforadvice.?D)Buyagiftforhisgirlfriend.?M:ChristmasisroundthecornerandI'mlookingforagiftformygirlfriend.Anysuggestion??W:Well,youhavetotellmesomethingaboutyourgirlfriendfirst.Also,what'syourbudget??Q:Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo??A)Hewaskeptinhospitalforalongtime.?B)Hewasslightlyinjuredinatrafficaccident.?C)Hewasseriouslywoundedinamineexplosion.?D)Hewasfinedforspeeding.?W:Hi,John！Haven'tseenyouforquiteawhile.Areyoufine??M:Oh,yes.Butluckseemstogoagainstme.Ihadacaraccident.Onlysomeminorinjuries,though.?Q:WhathappenedtoJohn?視聽反向原則?17.A)shewantstogetsomesleep.?B)sheneedstimetowriteapaper.?C)shehasaliteratureclasstoattend.?D)sheistroubledbyhersleepproblem?17.M:Howaboutjoiningmeforacupofcoffee??W:I'dloveto,butI'mexhausted.Iwasuptill3thismorning,writingapaperformyliteratureclass.?Q:Whydoesthewomandeclinetheman'sinvitation?聽力多義詞匯?Paper?在聽力考題中，它最常見的含義是：論文。其次是報紙。相反，作為“紙”的原始含義很少見到。Iwasuptill3thismorningwritingapaperformyliteratureclass.（論文。2008年12月第17題）?Whatpositionisbeingadvertisedinthepaper?(報紙。2007年12月第25題)?Treat?原始含義為對待，但是聽力中更喜歡考“請客”的含義。?Youtreatedmelastweekend,nowit'smyturn.(2003年1月第1題)?Jam?trafficjam(堵車)常見考點。?Charge?1）收費。Ihavetochargeyou150poundsforonenight.（2006年12月第1道長對話原文）?2）負責。Iaminchargeofateamof8brokers(經(jīng)紀人).（2006年6月第1道長對話原文）?Present?“禮物”?“展示，表達和呈現(xiàn)”。?presentation演講和展示，是一種很常見的校園課程形式。?Itsgoalsweretoeducate,shareideasandpresentIndiana'sbestproducts.(2007年12月第3篇聽力原文)?Commercial?請注意，它的名詞含義是“廣告”。解題技巧?聽到什么選什么對話類型分析?人物關系、職業(yè)類?地點題?動作類上下級關系客服關系同事、夫妻關系(多為干擾選項)上下級關系?Boss(常為男性)andSecretary?依據(jù):語氣（下級詢問，上級回答）?ManagerandOfficeworker/staff客服關系?R：customerandwaitress?H：customerandreceptionist?A：passengerandairhostess/steward/stewardess?7.A)Aguestandareceptionist.?B)Apassengerandanairhostess.?C)Acustomerandashopassistant.?D)Aguestandawaitress.?M:Sorrytotroubleyou.Butisthereanypossibilityofborrowingablanket?Ifeelcold.?W:Ithinkwe'vegotone.Couldyouwaituntilaftertake-offplease??Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers??3.A)Colleagues.B)Husbandandwife.C)Employerandemployee.D)Motherandson.?W:John,whatareyoudoingonyourcomputer?Don'tyourememberyourpromise??M:Thisisnotagame.It'sonlyacrosswordpuzzlethathelpsincreasemyvocabulary.?Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers??？嫉攸c?Restaurant?Hotel?Airport?Theater?Gym高頻干擾詞匯：bookingoffice/ticketwindowpublishinghouserestaurant?makeareservation預定?bookatable訂桌子?dessert甜點?yogurt酸奶?steak牛排?sauce汁?course一道菜/maincourse主菜?buffet自助餐?salad沙拉?eatout/dineout出去吃?1.A)Atatheatre.?B)Atabookingoffice.?C)Atarailwaystation.?D)Atarestaurant.?W:Gorge,lookatthelongwaitingline.Iamgladyou'vemadeareservation.?M:Moreandmorepeopleenjoyeatingoutnow.Beside,thisplaceisespeciallypopularwiththeoverseasstudents.?Q:Wheredidtheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?hotel?reserve/book/makeareservationfor?bookatablefortwo?Theroomsarebookedup/fullup.?checkin?singleroom/doubleroom/suite/standardsuite/occupancy?frequentguest/stranger?discount?12.A)Attheairport.?B)Atthehotelreception.?C)Inarestaurant.?D)Inabookingoffice.?12.W:Wedon'tseemtohaveareservationforyou,sir.I'msorry.?M:Butmysecretarysaidthatshehadreservedaroomformehere.IphonedherfromtheairportthismorningjustbeforeIgotonboardtheplane.?Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace??19.A)Thehotelclerkhadputhisreservationunderanothername.?B)Thehotelclerkinsistedthathedidn'tmakeanyreservation.?C)Thehotelclerktriedtotakeadvantageofhisinexperience.?D)Thehotelclerkcouldn'tfindhisreservationforthatnight.?20.A)Agrandweddingwasbeingheldinthehotel.?B)Therewasaconferencegoingoninthecity.?C)Thehotelwasundergoingmajorrepairs.?D)Itwasabusyseasonforholiday—makers.?21.A)Itwasfreeofchargeonweekends.?B)Ithada15%discountonweekdays.?C)Itwasofferedtofrequentguestsonly.?D)Itwas10%cheaperthaninotherhotels.?22.A)Demandcompensationfromthehotel.?B)Askforanadditionaldiscount.?C)Complaintothehotelmanager.?D)Findacheaperroominanotherhotel.airport?airline航線?flight航班?economy/businessclass經(jīng)濟艙/商務艙?firstclass頭等艙?departure/departuretime（起飛時間）?declare申報?board登機/getonboardsth?4.A)Atabookingoffice.B)InaHongKonghotel.C)Onabusystreet.D)Atanairport.?4.W:CanIhelpyousir?M:Yes,canyoushowmethewaytogatenineforflight910toHongKongIamquiteconfusedhere.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace??12.A)Onatrain.?B)Onaplane.?C)Inatheater.?D)Inarestaurant?W:MayIseeyourticketplease?Ithinkyouaresittinginmyseat.?M:Oh,youareright.Myseatisinthebalcony.I'mterriblysorry.?Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?解題原則?預測選項：縱向確定場景（工作、學習、生活及旅游）；橫向排除干擾選項，了解每道小題的內容。?解題三原則：?開頭原則：第一道題一般在開頭部分?問答原則：回答的內容往往是答案所在?轉折原則：即轉折詞后的內容為重要內容?200812?19.A)Hecanmanagehistimemoreflexibly.?B)Hecanrenewcontactwithhisoldfriends.?C)Hecanconcentrateonhisownprojects.?D)Hecanlearntodoadministrativework.?20.A)Readingitsadsinthenewspapers.?B)Callingitspersonneldepartment.?C)Contactingitsmanager.?D)Searchingitswebsite.?21.A)Tocutdownitsproductionexpenses.?B)Tosolvetheproblemofstaffshortage.?C)Toimproveitsadministrativeefficiency.?D)Toutilizeitsretiredemployees'resources.200806?23.A)Marketingconsultancy.?B)Professionalaccountancy.?C)Luxuryhotelmanagement.?D)Businessconferenceorganization.?24.A)Havingagoodknowledgeofitscustoms.?B)Knowingsomekeypeopleintourism.?C)Havingbeentothecountrybefore.?D)BeingabletospeakJapanese.?25.A)Itwillbringherpotentialintofullplay.?B)Itwillinvolvelotsoftraintravel.?C)ItwillenablehertoimproveherChinese.?D)ItwillgivehermorechancestovisitJapan.重點主題?Campuslife?Job?其他campuslife?on/offcampus?作業(yè)：thesis畢業(yè)論文dissertation期刊論文/periodical期刊/journalbookreport讀書報告researchreport調查、實驗報告presentation內容演示takenote記筆記關于考試：考試難，時間緊，能否延期。作業(yè)難做。論文沒做完。選課多。對老師評價：講課boring，老師strict，作業(yè)多。Sheisoneinamillion.當老師要退休的時候對老師的評價才會高。獎學金：fellowship；RA助研：researchassistant；TA助教：teachingassistant?寫論文的步驟：?第一步，選題topic，選題難，范圍廣。?第二步，查詢資料research，圖書館場景。?第三步，打出論文。typewriter打字機，computer計算機，printer打印機，laserprinter激光打印機，laptop筆記本電腦。?論文沒打完，typewriter/computer壞了breakdown或者typewriter需要新的ribbon。?課程形式：optional/compulsorycourseelectivecourse/requirement/requiredcourseacademicyear學年seminar[‘seminɑ:]lecture/speech講座、演講workshop工作室，討論課程schooltimetable/classschedule課程表registerfor/signupfor/enrollin選課catch/follow跟上、聽懂校方人物校長：president院長:deanbean教授：professor講師:lecturer導師：tutor大一新生:freshman大二學生:sophomore大三學生:junior大四學生:senior學位學士:BachelorDegree碩士:MasterDegree博士:DoctorDegreepost-doctor科目及專業(yè)文學:Literature心理學:Psychology建筑學:Architecture學校場景出題思路：1講座：難理解2選修課：難.選多了3考試：掛了3.A)ShehasbeenlongingtoattendHarvardUniversity.B)She'llconsidertheman'ssuggestioncarefully.C)ShehasfinishedherprojectwithDr.Garcia'shelp.D)She'llconsultDr.Garciaaboutenteringgraduateschool.?3.M:Hi,Melissa,how'syourprojectgoing?Haveyouthoughtaboutgoingtograduateschool?PerhapsyoucangetintoHarvard.?W:Everythingiscomingalongreallywell.Ihavebeenthinkingaboutgraduateschool.ButI'lltalktomytutorDr.Garciafirstandseewhatshethinks.?Q:Whatdoyoulearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?job?promotion升職?workload工作量,工作負擔?complain/complaint?salary/wages/pay/income?bonus獎金?annual年度的?askforleave請假?win-win雙贏?form表格?Interview/interviewer/interviewee1、找到工作高興。2、失去工作傷心。3、拒絕工作令人奇怪。?有空缺職位:jobvacancy?簡歷:resume?工作經(jīng)驗:workexperience?面試:interview?加班:overwork?升職:promote?解雇:fire?辭職:quit/resign?annualleave年假?sickleave病假?23.A)Sheisthirstyforpromotion.?B)Sheistiredofherpresentwork.?C)Shewantsamuchhighersalary.?D)Shewantstosavetravelexpenses.?24.A)Languageinstructor.?B)Environmentalengineer.?C)Translator.?D)Travelagent.?25.A)Devotionandworkefficiency.?B)Livelypersonalityandinquiringmind.?C)Communicationskillsandteamspirit.?D)Educationandexperience.三賓館場景?預訂房間?確認預訂?取消預訂reservationMakeConfirmcancel?小費:tip?前臺:reception?登記入住:checkin/out四飯店場景分賬GoDutchSplitthebillFifty-fiftySeparatethebill?16~17世紀時的荷蘭和威尼斯，是海上商品貿(mào)易和早期資源共享本主義的發(fā)跡之地。終日奔波的意大利、荷蘭商人們已衍生出聚時交流信息、散時各付資費的習俗來。因為商人的流動性很強，一個人請別人的客，被請的人說不定這輩子再也碰不到了，為了大家不吃虧，彼此分攤便是最好的選擇了。而荷蘭人因其精明、凡事都要分清楚，逐漸形成了let'sgodutch（讓我們做荷蘭人）的俗語。出去吃：eatout外賣：takeaway訂位子:bookatable菜單:menu餐后甜點:dessert五機場場景?訂票:bookaticket?目的地:destination?單程票:one-wayticket?往返票:round-tripticket1、票已售完。2、接人晚點。3、送人傷感。4、航班延誤，需等待。5、乘客遲到，需換票。Checkin(boardingpass)SecuritycheckGothroughcustomsGetonboardDomesticflightInternationalflightConnectingflightDirectflightDifferentflighttypesClassesoftravelHaveapleasantflight!租房場景?市郊:suburb?市中心:downtown?房東land-----?房東太太land-----?----mate室友醫(yī)院場景?Physician------醫(yī)生surgeon-------醫(yī)生?牙醫(yī)----------dentist?makeanappointment1、醫(yī)生難找2