2021高考英語(三月)閱讀、完形填空自練(2)答案(西安)

2021高考英語（三月）閱讀、完形填空自練（2）答案（西安）閱讀理解(2022·山東試驗中學(xué)一模)GlobalPositioningSystems(全球定位系統(tǒng))arenowapartofeverydaydrivinginmanycountries.Thesesatellite-basedsystemsprovideturn-by-turndirectionstohelppeoplegettowheretheywanttogo.However，theycanalsocausealotofproblems，sendyoutothewrongplaceorleaveyoucompletelylost.Manytimes，thedriveristoblame.SometimesaGPSerrorisresponsible.Mostoften，saysBarryBrown，itisacombinationofthetwo.BarryBrowniswiththeMobileLifeCentreinStockholm，Sweden.HetoldusaboutanincidentinvolvingafriendwhohadflowntoanairportintheeasternUnitedStates.ThereheborrowedaGPS-equippedcartouseduringhisstay.MrBrownsays，“Theyjustpluggedinanaddressandthensetofftotheirdestination.And，thenitwasn’tuntiltheyweredrivingforthirtyminutesthattheyrealizedtheyactuallyputinadestinationbackontheWestCoastwheretheylived.Theyactuallyputtheirhomeaddressin.Soagain，theGPSiskindof‘garbageingarbageout’．”MrBrownsaysthisisacommonhumanerror，butwhatmakestheproblemworsehastodowithsomeoftheshortcomings，orfailures，ofGPSequipment.Hesays，“OneproblemwithalotoftheGPSunitsistheyhaveaverysmallscreenandtheyjusttellyouthenextturn.Becausetheyjustgiveyouthenextturn，sometimesthatmeansthatitisnotreallygivingyoutheoverviewthatyouwouldneedtoknowthatit’sgoingtothewrongplace.”MrBrownsays，“Oneofthethingsthatstruckus，perhapsthemostimportantthingwasthatyouhavetoknowwhatyou’redoingwhenyouuseaGPS.Therearethesenewskillsthatpeoplehavedeveloped.Therearethesenewcompetencies(資格)thatyouneedtohavetobeabletouseaGPSbecausetheysometimesgowrong.ThisgoesagainstacommonbeliefthatGPSsystemsareforpassivedriverswholacknavigationalskills.”BarryBrownsaystomakeGPSsystemsbetterweneedabetterunderstandingofhowdrivers，passengersandGPSsystemsworktogether.1．AccordingtoBarryBrow，inmostcases，________areblamefortheproblems.A．humanerrorsB．GPSerrorsC．errorscausedbybothdriversandGPSD．errorscausedbyputtinginawrongaddress2．TheexampleofBarryBrown’sfriendisusedtoshowthat________.A．GPSisnothingbutgarbageB．GPSisstillnotaccurateenoughC．itisdifficultfordriverstouseGPSequipmentD．sometimesdriversareresponsiblefortheproblem3．Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthat________.A．it’simpossibletodrivefromtheeasttothewestintheUSB．BarryBrown’sfriendwenttoStockholm，SwedenbyplaneC．givenwronginstructions，theGPSwillproducewrongresultsD．GPSsystemsareforpassivedriverswholacknavigationalskills4．WhichofthefollowingsisoneoftheshortcomingsofGPSequipment?A．Itjusttellsthedrivertoturnonceatatime.B．Itgivesthedrivertheoverview.C．Itsscreenistoosmalltobeseenclearly.D．Itisonlysuitableforpassivedrivers.5．What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．GPSsystemsarehelpfulfordrivers.B．DrivingwithGPScanbedifficulttonavigate(導(dǎo)航)．C．DriversshouldunderstandhowGPSsystemswork.D．DriversshouldlearntouseGPSsystemscorrectly.語篇解讀本文是一篇談?wù)撐?。文章主要介紹了開車用GPS導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)也很難導(dǎo)航。1．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段最終一句“Mostoften，saysBarryBrown，itisacombinationofthetwo.”可知，答案C符合文意。答案：C2．解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段倒數(shù)其次句“Theyactuallyputtheirhomeaddressin.”可知，這次走錯方向是由于人的疏忽導(dǎo)致的，不是GPS系統(tǒng)的緣由，故答案D正確。答案：D3．解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段最終兩句“Theyactuallypuytheirhomeaddressin.Soagain，theGPSiskindof‘garbageingarbageout’．”和對全段的整體理解可知，答案C“給錯誤的指令，導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)就會產(chǎn)生錯誤的結(jié)果”符合文意。答案：C4．解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段其次句“Hesays，‘OneproblemwithalotoftheGPSunitsistheyhaveaverysmallscreenandtheyjusttellyouthenextturn.’”可知，答案A符合文意。答案：A5．解析：主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第一段第三句“However，theycanalsocausealotofproblems，sendyoutothewrongplaceorleaveyoucompletelylost.”的開篇點題和對全文的整體理解可推知，答案B“開車用GPS導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)有時候也很難導(dǎo)航”最能概括文章大意。答案：B?！鹃喿x理解】【來自高考重慶卷】Skepticsareastrangelot.Someofthemrefusetoadmittheseriousthreatofhumanactivitiestotheenviroment,andtheyaretiredofpeoplewhodisagreewiththem.Thosepeople，sayskeptics，spreadnothingbutbadnewsabouttheenvironment.The“eco-guilt”broughtonbythediscouragingnewsaboutourplanetgivesrisetothepopularityofskepticsaspeoplesearchformorecomfortingworldviews.PerhapsthatexplainswhyanewbookbyBjornLomborgreceivedsomuchpublicity.Thatbook，TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist,declaresthatitmeasuresthe“realstateoftheworld”asfine.Ofcourse，anotherexplanationisthedeeppocketsofsomebigbusinesseswithspecialinterests.Indeed,Mr.Lomborg'sviewsaresimilartothoseofsomeindustry-fundedorganizations,whichstarthugeactivitiesthroughthemediatoconfusethepublicaboutissueslikeglobalwarming.SoitwasstrangetoseeMr.Lomborg'sbookgolargelyunchallengedinthemediathoughhisbeliefswerecontrarytomostscientificopinions.OnenationalnewspaperinCanadarananumberofarticlesandreviewsfullofwordsofpraise,evenwiththeconclusionthat“AfterLomborg,theenvironmentalmovementwillbegintodiedown.”Suchone-sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.ButonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,arespectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.ThereviewremarkedthatMr.Lomborg's“preferenceforunexaminedmaterialsisincredible(不行信的)”．Acritical(批判的)eyeisvaluable,andthemediashouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatcouldallowpeopletomakeinformeddecisions.Unfortunately,thatisofteninaccessibleasblockedbythedesiretobeshockingortodefendsomespecialinterests.Peoplemightbecomehalf-blindbeforeaworldpartiallyexhibitedbythemedia.That'sashame,becausemattersconcerningthehealthoftheplanetarefartooimportanttobetreatedlightly.本文敘述了懷疑論者不承認(rèn)人類活動對環(huán)境造成的危脅，認(rèn)為地球狀況是良好的，這迎合了一些追求利益的商業(yè)公司。但是關(guān)系地球健康的問題是相當(dāng)重要的，人們確定要嚴(yán)峻?對待。1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayberegardedas“skeptics”？A.Peoplewhoagreeonthepopularityof“eco-guilt”．B.Peoplewhodisbelievetheserioussituationofourplanet.C.Peoplewhodisliketheharmfuleffectofhumanactivities.D.Peoplewhospreadcomfortingnewstoprotectourenvironment.答案：B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)短文第一段可知，懷疑論者不承認(rèn)人類活動對環(huán)境的影響。短文其次段其次句話中提到，他們認(rèn)為世界的真正狀態(tài)是好的，由此可知B項正確。2.WhichofthefollowingcanbeareasonforthepopularityofLomborg'sbook?A．Somebigbusinessesintendtoprotecttheirowninterests.B．Thebookchallengesviewsaboutthefinestateoftheworld.C．Theauthorconvincespeopletoseekcomfortingworldviews.D．Industry-fundedmediapresentconfusinginformation.答案：A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)短文其次段最終一句話可知Lomborg的觀點與一些由工業(yè)資助的組織的觀點是相像的。因此可知這些大的組織為了自己的利益也不會留意環(huán)保。3.TheauthormentionedthereviewinNatureinorderto______.A.voiceadifferentopinion B.findfaultwithLomborg'sbookC.challengetheauthorityofthemedia D.pointoutthevalueofscientificviews答案：A。推理推斷題。第三段提到加拿大的一家報紙對Lomborg的書大加贊揚，第四段又提到這片面的觀點應(yīng)當(dāng)受到挑戰(zhàn)，然后說“Nature”雜志上就有不同的評論。由此可知A項正確。4.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toencouragetheskepticstohaveacriticaleye.B.Towarnthepublicofthedangerofhalf-blindnesswithreviews.C.Toblamethemedia'slackofresponsibilityinpresentinginformation.D.Toshowtheimportanceofpresentingoverallinformationbythemedia.答案：D。作者意圖題。由短文最終一段其次句話可知，媒體應(yīng)當(dāng)供應(yīng)全方位的信息，讓人們在了解狀況的前提下做出打算。由此可知D項正確。【2022高考英語陜西省西安市第一中學(xué)二?！客晷吞羁铡ｉ喿x下面短文，從短文后各題的A,B,C,D四個選項中，選出適合填入對應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。WhenIwas17，Ireadaquotethatwentsomethinglike：“Ifyouliveeachdayasifitwereyourlast，somedayyou’11mostcertainlyberight．”Itmadeadeep26onme．a(chǎn)ndsincethen,forthepast33years，Ihave27inthemirroreverymorningandaskedmyself：“Iftodaywerethelastdayofmylife，28IwanttodowhatIamabouttodotoday?”Andwhenevertheanswerhasbeen“No”fortoomanydaysina29，RememberingthatI’llbe30soonisthemostimportanttoolI’veeverknowntohelpmemakethebig31inlifebecausealmosteverythingfallsawayinthefaceofdeath，3AboutayearagoIwas33withcancer.Mydoctorevenadvisedmetogohomeandgetmyaffairs34order，whichisadoctor’swayoftellingpeopletopreparetodie．I35withthatdiagnosisallday．36，atlastanadvancedtestshowedthatitwasaveryrarecancerthatis37withsurgery．IhadthesurgeryandI’mfinenow.38wantstodie．Evenpeoplewhowanttogotoheavendon’twanttodietogetthereAndyetdeathisthedestinationweall39．Noonehaseverescapedit.Andthatisasitshouldbe，becausedeathisverylikelythesinglebestinventionof40．Itislife'schangeagent.Itclearsouttheoldto41forthenew．Rightnowthenewisyou,butsomedaynottoo42fromnow，youwillgraduallybecometheoldandbeclearedaway．Sorrytobesodramatic，butitisquitetrue．Yourtimeis43，sodon’twasteitlivingsomeoneelse’s1ife．Don’tbe44bydogma(教條)—whichislivingwiththeresultsofotherpeople’sthinking．Don’tletthenoiseofothers’opinionsdrownoutyourowninner45．Andmostimportantly，havethecouragetofollowyourheart26.A.impressionB.curseC.decisionD.joke27.A.seenB.lookedC.foundD.1ost28.A.wouldB.shouldC.mightD.could29.A.hurryB.1ineC.momentD.row30.A.successfulB.richC.deadD.frustrated31.A.