2025年人教版九年級(jí)英語寒假預(yù)習(xí) 專題03 Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth

Unit13We'retryingtosavetheearth!litter['l?t?]亂扔垃圾；廢棄物bottom[?b?t?m]底部；最下部fisherman[?f???m?n]漁民；釣魚的人coal[k??l]煤；煤塊public['p?bl?k]公眾的；公共的ugly[??ɡli]丑陋的；難看的advantage[?d?vɑ?nt?d?]n.優(yōu)點(diǎn)；有利條件cost[k?st]花費(fèi)n.wooden[?w?d(?)n]木制的；木頭的plastic['pl?st?k]塑料的n.makeadifference有關(guān)系，作用，影響shark['?ɑ?k]鯊魚finn（.魚）鰭cutoff割掉；砍掉method[?meθ?d]方法；措施cruel[?kru??l]殘酷的；殘忍的harmful[?hɑ?mf?l]有害的chain[t?e?n]鏈子；鏈條ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)low[l??]adj（.數(shù)量等）減少的；低的；矮的industry[??nd?stri]工業(yè)；行業(yè)law[l??]法律；法規(guī)reusableadj.可重復(fù)使用的；可再次使用的afford[?'f??d]承擔(dān)得起（后果）；買得起transportation[?tr?nsp?'te???n]運(yùn)輸業(yè)；交通運(yùn)輸recycle[ri?'sa?kl]回收利用；再利用napkin['n?pk?n]餐巾；餐巾紙upsidedown顛倒；倒轉(zhuǎn)gate[ge?t]大門bottle[?b?tl]瓶；瓶子president[?prez?d?nt]負(fù)責(zé)人；主席；總統(tǒng)inspiration[??nsp?'re???n]靈感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物）metal['metl]金屬creativity創(chuàng)造力；獨(dú)創(chuàng)性SectionASectionB知識(shí)點(diǎn)1cutdown的用法及常見的cut短語教材原文Well,tocutdownairpollution,weshouldtakethebusorsubwayinsteadofdriving.哦，為減少空氣污染，我們應(yīng)該乘坐公共汽車或地鐵，而不要開車。cutdown是固定搭配，意為“減少；削減”。Ihelpcutdownairpollutionbyridingabicycletowork.我通過騎自行車去上班的方式幫助減少空氣污染。溫馨提示cutdown還有“砍伐；砍倒”之意，通常和樹木（tree)等搭配。Wecutdowntreestomakefurnitureandpaper.我們伐樹制造家具和紙。歸納拓展常見的“動(dòng)詞＋down”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語還有：calmdown使鎮(zhèn)靜liedown躺下sitdown坐下countdown倒數(shù)breakdown出故障writedown寫下；記下putdown放下；寫下pulldown拆毀；摧毀例1-Toprotecttheenvironment,weshouldn't___________somanytrees.-That'strue.Weshouldplantmoretreesinstead.A.writedownB.cutdownC.countdownD.breakdown知識(shí)點(diǎn)2harmful的用法和搭配教材原文Thisisnotonlycruel,butalsoharmfultotheenvironment.這不僅殘忍，而且對(duì)環(huán)境有害。beharmfulto是固定搭配，意為“對(duì)······有害”，和bebadfor、doharmto同義。該短語中的harmful是形容詞，意為“有害的”。Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth.吸煙有害健康。（朗文）詞匯聯(lián)想反義詞：harmlessadj.無害的Nocigaretteiscompletelyharmless.沒有香煙是完全無害的。例2用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Teenagersmustnotbeallowedtosmoke.It's___________(harm)totheirhealth.知識(shí)點(diǎn)3afford的用法教材原文Yes,wecan'taffordtowaitanylongertotakeaction!是的，我們不能再等了，必須采取行動(dòng)了！afford是動(dòng)詞，意為“承擔(dān)得起（后果）”。Thismatterwassoimportantthatwecouldnotaffordtoignoreit.這個(gè)問題太重要了，我們疏忽不得。歸納拓展afford還有“買得起；負(fù)擔(dān)得起”之意。Canweaffordanewcar?我們買得起一輛新車嗎？例3根據(jù)句意和首字母提示寫出所缺的單詞-Whydon'tyougetheradigitalcamera?-That'stooexpensive.Ican'ta___________it.知識(shí)點(diǎn)4advantageadvantage作可數(shù)名詞，意為“優(yōu)點(diǎn)；有利條件”?！就卣埂?1)advantage的反義詞是disadvantage，意為“缺點(diǎn)；不足”。如：Thesituationputusataseriousdisadvantage.形勢使我們處于非常不利的地位。(2)theadvantageof意為“……的優(yōu)點(diǎn)/優(yōu)勢”。如：Theadvantageofagoodeducationareverygreat.受到良好教育的益處很大。知識(shí)點(diǎn)5costcost既可以用作動(dòng)詞，意為“花費(fèi)”；又可以用作名詞，意為“花費(fèi)；價(jià)錢”。【辨析】spend，take，cost與pay(1)spend意為“花費(fèi)”，主語只能是人，指某人“花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢)”，常用于spend…onsth.或spend…(in)doingsth.句型中。如：Youreallyshouldn'tspendsomucheffortonit.你真不該在這件事上花費(fèi)這么多精力。(2)take意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢”，常用于Ittakessb.muchtime/moneytodosth.句型中。如：Ittookme2hourstofinishmyhomework.我花了兩小時(shí)做作業(yè)。(3)cost意為“花費(fèi)(金錢)；值”，主語只能是物或事情。cost可以帶雙賓語，但cost沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：Howmuchdothevegetablescost？這些蔬菜值多少錢？(4)pay意為“花費(fèi)”，主語只能是人，指為買到的東西付錢，與介詞for連用，句型為sb.paymoneyforsth.如：Mybrotherpaid20yuanforthetoy.我弟弟花了20元買那個(gè)玩具。知識(shí)點(diǎn)6.harmfulharmful作形容詞，意為“有害的”，其名詞形式是harm，意為“傷害；損害”。beharmfulto意為“對(duì)……有害”，相當(dāng)于doharmto。如：Excessivedrinkingdoesharmtothebody.過度飲酒對(duì)身體有害。【拓展】后綴-ful構(gòu)成的常用形容詞：use→useful(有用的，有益的)help→helpful(有幫助的，有益的)forget→forgetful(健忘的)care→careful(小心的，仔細(xì)的)pain→painful(疼痛的)wonder→wonderful(極好的)color→colorful(彩色的；色彩艷麗的)thank→thankful(感激的)beauty→beautiful(美麗的)【注意】末尾字母為y的，先把-y變成-i，再加-ful!知識(shí)點(diǎn)七．lawlaw作名詞，意為“法律；法規(guī)”。常用短語：breakthelaw犯法keepthelaw維護(hù)法制makealaw制定法律obeythelaw遵守法律passalaw通過法律trafficlaw交通法知識(shí)點(diǎn)八．scientificscientific作形容詞，意為“科學(xué)上的；科學(xué)的”。如：Weallsupporthisscientificresearch.我們都支持他的科學(xué)研究?！就卣埂縮ciencen．科學(xué)scientistn．科學(xué)家知識(shí)點(diǎn)9throwaway的搭配教材原文Doyouoftenthrowawaythingsyoudon'tneedanymore?你經(jīng)常扔掉你不再需要的東西嗎？throwaway是固定搭配，意為“扔掉；丟棄”。如果它的賓語是名詞，該名詞賓語可以位于throw和away之間，也可以位于away之后；如果它的賓語是代詞，該代詞賓語只能位于throw和away之間。Ishouldn'thavethrownawaythereceipt.我不應(yīng)該扔掉那張收據(jù)的。（朗文）＝Ishouldn'thavethrownthereceiptaway.Thesebooksareuseless.I'mgoingtothrowthemaway.這些書都沒有用了。我打算把它們?nèi)恿?。?根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子。每空一詞當(dāng)一個(gè)瓶子空了時(shí)，它會(huì)被當(dāng)作垃圾扔掉。Whenabottleisempty,itwillbe______________________aswaste.知識(shí)點(diǎn)10YouhaveprobablyneverheardofAmyHayes，butsheisamostunusualwoman.你也許從來都沒有聽說過艾米·海斯，但是她的確是一位非常不尋常的女士。(1)hearof意為“聽說”，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。如：Wehavejustheardofhismarriagetoateacher.我們剛剛聽說他與一位老師結(jié)了婚。【拓展】hearfromsb.意為“收到某人的來信”，相當(dāng)于receivealetterfromsb.。如：Ihearfrommycousineverytwomonths.我每兩個(gè)月就會(huì)收到我表哥的來信。(2)“a＋most＋形容詞＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的most意為“很；非常”，相當(dāng)于very，extremely。如：WeheardamostinterestingtalkaboutJapan.我們聽了一個(gè)關(guān)于日本的非常有趣的談話。【拓展】“the＋most＋形容詞原級(jí)”是多音節(jié)形容詞最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成形式。知識(shí)點(diǎn)11.workwork作可數(shù)名詞，意為“(音樂、藝術(shù))作品”?！就卣埂?1)不可數(shù)名詞，意為“工作”；job也意為“工作”，是可數(shù)名詞。(2)用作動(dòng)詞，意為“工作”。workhardat/on…意為“在……方面努力學(xué)習(xí)工作”。知識(shí)點(diǎn)12.instead,insteadofinstead是副詞，意為“相反”，常位于句首或句尾，表示前面的事情沒做，而做了后面的事insteadof是短語介詞，意為“代替；而不是”，其后要接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞Itwilltakedaystogotherebycar,solet'sflyinstead.開車去那里要好幾天，所以咱們還是坐飛機(jī)去吧。Youprobablypickedupmykeysinsteadofyours.你可能沒拿你的鑰匙而錯(cuò)拿了我的。（朗文）例根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞他不僅沒幫我，反而還取笑我。____________________helpingme,helaughedatme.知識(shí)點(diǎn)13現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來描述現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。它的結(jié)構(gòu)是“be+現(xiàn)在分詞”。Weareworkingonthesciencereportnow.現(xiàn)在我們正在寫那個(gè)科學(xué)報(bào)告。2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是中考題中的?？键c(diǎn)，解題時(shí)需要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息以及上下文語境來判斷。now、atthemoment以及Look!或Listen!是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志。有的題目沒有這些明顯的標(biāo)志，但可以根據(jù)上下文語境來推斷出時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。Theyaredoingtheirhomeworkatthemoment.他們現(xiàn)在正在做他們的家庭作業(yè)。Look!Maryisplayingtheguitaroverthere.看！瑪麗正在那邊彈吉他。例1StudentsinClassOne__________forthesingingcompetitionatthemoment.A.prepareB.arepreparingC.preparedD.aregoingtoprepare知識(shí)點(diǎn)14、usedtousedto表示“過去經(jīng)常；過去常?！?，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。Heusedtobequiet,butnowheisveryoutgoing.他以前話不多，但現(xiàn)在他很外向。易錯(cuò)提醒注意usedtodosth.“過去經(jīng)常做某事”和be/getusedtodoingsth.“習(xí)慣做某事”的區(qū)別。Shehasbeenusedtolivinghere.她已經(jīng)習(xí)慣住在這里了。Sheusedtoliveinasmalltown,butnowshelivesinabigcity.她以前住在一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)上，但現(xiàn)在她住在大城市里。例2-HowdoesJackusuallygotowork?-He__________driveacar,butnowhe__________theretoloseweight.A.usedto;usedtowalkB.wasusedto;isusedtowalkingC.wasusedto;isusedtowalkD.usedto;isusedtowalking知識(shí)點(diǎn)15.被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)是由“be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成的。人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化都是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。?？嫉膸追N時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)如下：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)am/is/are+過去分詞一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)was/were+過去分詞一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)willbe+過去分詞am/is/aregoingtobe+過去分詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)am/is/are+being+過分詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)have/has+been+過去分詞過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)was/were+being+分詞Shewasaskedtomakeaspeechinpublic.她被要求當(dāng)眾發(fā)表演講。Thejacketismadeofcotton.這件夾克衫是用棉布做的。Thousandsoftreeshavebeenplanted.成千上萬棵樹已經(jīng)被種了。例3Chinesetea__________tomanycountriesaroundtheworldeveryyear.A.sendsB.sentC.issentD.wassent知識(shí)點(diǎn)16現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或造成的結(jié)果。Wehavecleanedtheclassroom.Nowitisveryclean.我們打掃過教室了?，F(xiàn)在它很干凈。2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以用來表示發(fā)生在過去某一時(shí)刻且持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與“for+時(shí)間段”或“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)或一般過去時(shí)的從句”連用。Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.瑪麗病了三天了。IhavelivedinBeijingsincetwoyearsago.我從兩年前起就一直住在北京。3.瞬間動(dòng)詞（buy、die、join、come、go、leave等）不能直接與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，要變成表狀態(tài)的詞匯。如：buy→have;borrow→keep;come/arrive/reach/getto→bein;goout→beout;leave→beaway;begin→beon;finish→beover;open→beopen;close→beclosed;die→bedeadIhavehadthisbikeforthreeyears.這輛自行車我買了三年了。4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常和already,yet,just,sofar,inthelast/pastfewyears,intherecentyears等詞或短語搭配。I'vesavedalmost￡100sofar.到目前為止，我存了差不多100英鎊了。Thecompanyhasgrownrapidlyintherecentyears.最近幾年這家公司發(fā)展迅速。例4-China__________greatprogressinbothscienceandtechnologyintherecentyears.-Quiteright.Itisbecomingstrongerandstronger.A.hasmadeB.madeC.makesD.willmake知識(shí)點(diǎn)17.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在初中階段我們學(xué)到的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：can表“能力”或“許可”，可以用在否定句中表推測may表“許可”，語氣較委婉，可以用在肯定句中表推測，肯定語氣小于mustmust表示“必須”，語氣較為強(qiáng)烈，可以用在肯定句中表推測，肯定的語氣很強(qiáng)haveto強(qiáng)調(diào)受客觀原因所迫而不得不做某事，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用hasto.haveto變否定句或疑問句時(shí)要借助于助動(dòng)詞do、does或didcouldcould既是can的過去式，本身也是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，用于征求對(duì)方意見時(shí)，語氣較為委婉shall用于征求對(duì)方的意見時(shí)，語氣較為委婉，多和第一人稱搭配should意為“應(yīng)該”，否定式是shouldn't“不應(yīng)該”need可以用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，也可以用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，常用在否定句或疑問句中Hadbetter后跟動(dòng)詞原形。hadbetterdosth.意為“最好做某事”，否定結(jié)構(gòu)是hadbetternotdosth.例5-IsthisbookAmy's?-It__________behers.Sandy'snameisonthecover.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't一.用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1．Wedon'tneed(work)today.2．Hedoesn'tdare(break)hispromise.3．Somestudentsareusedto(ask)theirparentsforhelpwhentheymeettrouble.4．Thereused(be)aquietvillagehere.5．Ithinkyouwillbeusedto(live)inthecountryside.6．Allofusknowthatcottoncanbeused(make)cloth.7．Youused(go)toschoolbybike，didn'tyou?二.根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子，每空詞數(shù)不限。8．這本書一定是湯姆的，他的名字在封面上。ThisbookTom's.Hisnameisonthecover.9．他被一個(gè)5歲的小男孩愚弄了，這可能是真的嗎？truethathewasfooledbyafiveyearoldboy?10．你的車需要維修了。Yourcar．11．這種小刀是用來切東西的。Thiskindofknifethings.12．當(dāng)我年輕的時(shí)候，我常常打籃球。IbasketballwhenIwasyoung.13．他過去?；ê芏鄷r(shí)間玩電腦游戲嗎？muchtimeplayingcomputergames？【話題概述】本單元談?wù)摰脑掝}是污染和環(huán)境保護(hù)問題。環(huán)境保護(hù)這個(gè)話題常涉及的內(nèi)容有空氣污染、水污染、噪音污染、人口問題、森林保護(hù)、自然資源保護(hù)、野生動(dòng)物和瀕危動(dòng)物保護(hù)等。本單元話題作文常見的命題方式有提示性作文和看圖作文等形式，通常采用記敘文、議論文等體裁。寫作時(shí)要注意文體，有效地把提示性文字和圖畫內(nèi)容的思想表達(dá)出來?！纠}】假設(shè)你叫李文，是無錫陽光中學(xué)(WuxiSunshineMiddleSchoo1)的一名學(xué)生。今年暑期，你將代表你校赴瑞士參加“模擬聯(lián)合國”會(huì)議并作發(fā)言，此次會(huì)議主題是“AGreenerWorld”。你草擬了發(fā)言流程圖，請(qǐng)根據(jù)下圖寫一篇英文發(fā)言稿。HowIgogreen.(lights;showers;bags...WhatChinahasdone.HowIgogreen.(lights;showers;bags...WhatChinahasdone.(factories;newenergy...)Introducemyself.(name;school;age...)注意事項(xiàng)：1.發(fā)言稿須根據(jù)流程圖自擬，要求語句通順、意思連貫、符合題意；2.流程圖中括號(hào)部分非限定性內(nèi)容，僅供參考；3.詞數(shù)在100左右；4.發(fā)言稿中不得使用真實(shí)的個(gè)人及學(xué)校信息。【范文欣賞】寫作遷移畢業(yè)在即,你是否注意到家里一堆堆廢棄的舊教材呢?是出售、捐贈(zèng)還是留作紀(jì)念?最近有業(yè)內(nèi)人士指出,我國教科書用量巨大,若不能循環(huán)利用,會(huì)造成極大的浪費(fèi)。某中學(xué)就"教科書的循環(huán)利用"這一話題對(duì)該校學(xué)生進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。假如你是該校廣播站英語時(shí)光欄目的編輯,請(qǐng)結(jié)合以下調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇英文廣播稿。參考要點(diǎn):1.闡述調(diào)查結(jié)果(雙方觀點(diǎn),理由);2.陳述自己的看法(觀點(diǎn),處理方式);3.……要求:1.100詞左右,開頭已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);2.文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校的名稱。Dearschoolmates,Recently,it'ssaidthattheuseoftextbooksisbecomingabigwaste.Ourschoolhasdonearesearchaboutrecyclingtextbooks.一一.根據(jù)句意、首字母或括號(hào)里的提示寫出所缺單詞1.TeenagerslikeSuYimingbestashehasmany(優(yōu)勢)overotherplayers,includingbeingmodestenough.

2.Don'teatjunkfood.It'shtoyourhealth.

3.Thecharityistryingtohelpthosewhocan't(haveenoughmoneytopayforsomething)medicaltreatment.4.Walkingisgoodforhealthandit(花費(fèi))nothing.5.Ourgovernmentmadesome(法律)tocareabouttheleft-behindkids.

6.Peoplearealsolitteringinpublicplaceslikeparks.Thisisturningbeautifulplacesintouones.7.Ican'tstandpeoplewhoarec(殘忍的)toanimals.二.單項(xiàng)選擇8.IhavenomoneyonmebecauseIoftenpaythingsthroughWeChat(微信).

A.to B.of C.by D.for9.It'sagoodhabittothelightswhenyouleavearoom.A.turndown B.turnup C.turnoff D.turnon10.—We'regoingtotakeatriptoKunmingnextmonth.Canyougowithus?—Itmustcostalot.I'mafraidIcan'titatpresent.

A.afford B.cancel C.mention D.overcome11.—WhowilltalkaboutthedevelopmentofAmericancountrymusicnextweek?—IsuggestBrad.HeinNashville,thehomeofcountrymusic,sincehewasachild.A.lives B.lived C.haslived D.willlive12.Thecakebythehungrystudentsquicklyyesterday.A.eats B.iseaten C.waseaten13.Ifwefindabetterway,we'llfinishthejobfaster.

A.can B.can't C.must D.mustn't三.根據(jù)漢語句子完成英語句子,每空一詞14.塑料對(duì)環(huán)境有害,所以我們最好少用塑料制品。Plastictheenvironment,sowe'dbetteruseplasticless.

15.政府已采取行動(dòng),制止了金融危機(jī)的蔓延。Thegovernmenthastostopthefinancialcrisisspreading.

16.凱特計(jì)劃參加學(xué)?？茖W(xué)日活動(dòng)。KatewasplanningtotheactivitiesonSchoolScienceDay.

17.那個(gè)塔的頂端有一面紅旗。Thereisaredflagthetower.

18.很多人認(rèn)為鯊魚不可能瀕臨滅絕,因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)谒鼈兊氖澄镦溨惺亲顝?qiáng)大的。Manybelievethatsharkscanneverbeendangeredbecausetheyarethestrongestintheir.二一.根據(jù)句意和漢語提示寫出所缺的單詞1.Timwassothirstythathedrankuptwo(瓶子)ofwater.

2.AChinesesayingiswrittenatthe(底部)ofeachpageinthisbook.

3.Thesearewonderful(作品).Butwearenotallowedtotakephotosofthem.

4.They(回收利用)emptycansinordertoreusethem.5.Thetoycarismadeof(金屬).

二.單項(xiàng)選擇6.—Jim,I'vegotaproblemwithmycar.Couldyouhelpme?—Sorry,notrightnow.Iashortvideo.A.make B.havemade C.ammaking D.wasmaking7.—Sally,Ithepicturealready.

—Wow,trulybeautiful!A.finish B.havefinished C.wasfinishing8.Manytreesandflowerseveryyeartomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.A.plant B.areplanted C.wereplanted9.—Excuseme,mayIusemyphonenow?—Sorry,you.Theplaneistakingoff.

A.need B.needn't C.can D.can't10.ChatGPTcanmakeaplanthanwedo.

A.muchquickly B.morequick C.evenquick D.farmorequickly三.完成句子,每空一詞11.這些舊樓太危險(xiǎn)了,所以工人們昨天把它們都拆了。Theoldbuildingsaretoodangerous,sotheworkersyesterday.

12.上個(gè)月我好好利用了我的零花錢。Mypocketmoneywaslastmonth.

13.那個(gè)蓋子被翻過來當(dāng)作咖啡桌。Thelidwasturnedandservedasacoffeetable.

14.這種藝術(shù)不僅把歡樂帶給他人,而且還表明,只要有一點(diǎn)創(chuàng)造力,即使是冰冷、堅(jiān)硬的鐵塊也能恢復(fù)生機(jī)。Notonlycantheartbringhappinesstoothers,butitalsoshowsthatevencold,hardirontolifewithalittlecreativity.

15.不要把紙丟棄。它還可以循環(huán)利用。Don'tthepaper.Itcanstillberecycled.

四.語法填空閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Weallwanttoprotectourenvironment,butmostofusaretoobusyortoolazy16makebigchangesthatwillimproveourlifestyleandsavetheenvironment.

Herearesomesuggestionsfor17(protect)ourenvironment.

Usecompactfluorescentlightbulbs(緊湊型燈泡).It'struethatthesebulbsaremoreexpensive,buttheylastmuch18(long)andtheycansaveenergy.Sointhelongtermyourelectricitybillwouldbe19(reduce).

Donate.Youhavelotsofclothesorthingsyouwanttothrowaway.Iftheyarestillvaluable,givethemtosomeonewho20(need)them.Youmayalsochoosetogivethemtoorganizations.Theseorganizationsmaysellthemandcollectalittlemoney.Notonlywillyouprotecttheenvironment,butyou'llalsohelppeople21need.

Turnoffyourdevices(設(shè)備).Whenyoudon'tuseahousedevice,turnitoff.Forexample,ifyoudon'twatchTV,turnitoff.Turnoffthelightwhenyouleavearoom.It's22easyhabittokeepandyoucansaveenergyandmoney.

Walkorridebikes.Drivingisoneofthebiggest23(cause)ofpollution.Ifyouwanttouseyourcar,ask24(you)thefollowingquestion:DoIreallyneedmycar?Walkoruseyourbikeifthejourneyisshort.

Rainwater.Rainwaterisvery25(use)inourdailylife,sotrytoholditwhenitrains.Thiswatercanbeusedfordifferentpurposes.

Thesesuggestionsabovearegoodfortheenvironment,andtheyhelpyousavesomemoney.(E9213003)能力提升一OnAugust21,14-year-oldKatieMcCabe,fromDevon,England,completedachallenge(挑戰(zhàn))tosailaroundGreatBritain.ThegirlarrivedbackinDevon,1a52-dayjourneythatstartedonJune30.Shesailedonaneight-meter-longwoodenboatcalledFalanda.Whileherfather,David,sailedfivemilesbehindher,Katiesailedherboatonherownforthewhole2.Shehasbeeninterestedinsailing3shewasveryyoung,andhasgrownuponherparents’fishingboat.KatiewantedtosailacrosstheAtlantic,“Butmyparentswouldn’tallow4,”thegirlsaid.“SoIthought.Whynot5aroundBritain?”Settingoffinananti-clockwise(逆時(shí)針)direction,Katie’sjourneycoveredatotaldistance(距離)of1,840miles.ShewentthroughtheCaledonianCanal,andthensaileddowntheIrishSeatoWales,beforecrossingtheBristolChannelbacktoEngland.Katicwroteabouther6onFacebook,“Ican7sayIhavesailedmyselfaroundBritain.It’ssomethingIhave8doing,sinceforever!”Shehopestobeofficiallyknownasthe9persontosailaroundBritain.ThatrecordnowisownedbyTimothyLong,whosailedaroundBritainlastyearattheageof15.Katietookonthechallengetoraise10forSeaShepherdU.K.,acharity(慈善)thatprotectsmarine(海洋)wildlife.Sincethen,shehasalreadyraisedmorethan￡15,000.1．A．before B．a(chǎn)fter C．near D．opposite2．A．trip B．dinner C．concert D．movie3．A．if B．a(chǎn)lthough C．since D．because4．A．them B．her C．him D．me5．A．togo B．going C．goes D．go6．A．relatives B．experiences C．policies D．dialogues7．A．quietly B．suddenly C．finally D．hardly8．A．dreamedof B．gaveup C．worriedabout D．lookedfor9．A．youngest B．tallest C．busiest D．safest10．A．a(chǎn)nimals B．money C．vegetables D．children二DearJackie,HellofromHongKong!MyclasstourofChinaisalmostover.HongKongisourlaststop.WearrivedhereonFridaynight,andI’mhavingalotoffun.OnSaturday,wevisitedthetopofVictoriaPeak.Theview（視野）fromthetopwasincredible!IcouldseeallofHongKong.Therewerealsosomenaturetrails（觀景小路）onthepeak.Wewentforashortwalkandthenhadlunchintheafternoon.Intheevening,IwentwithtwofriendstotheTempleStreetNightMarket.Thestreetswerefullofpeoplesellingfood,clothes,watches,bags,electronicsandlotsofotherthings.Iboughtsomesouvenirs（紀(jì)念品）tobringhome.Itwasreallyagreatday!Yesterday,ourgroupwenttoDisneyland（yes,there’sonehere）!Theparkwascrowded,andthelinesforrideswerelong.IwaitedanhourtogoonSpaceMountain.Thatwasmyfavorite!TodayisMonday,andwe’regoingtoOceanParktoseepandas.I’mreallylookingforwardtoit!WewillleaveforhometomorrownightandarriveinVancouveronThursdaymorning.Seeyousoon!Yours,Natalie1．NataliewenttoHongKong________.A．withherfamilyB．withherclassmatesC．lastThursdaymorningD．lastFridaymorning2．Theunderlinedword“incredible”isclosestinmeaningto“________”.A．small B．relaxing C．common D．wonderful3．WhatdidNataliedoonSunday?A．Shesawsomepandas. B．ShewenttoDisneyland.C．Sheboughtsomesouvenirs. D．ShevisitedthetopofVictoriaPeak.4．HowlongdidNatalieplantostayinHongKong?A．Foraboutthreedays. B．Foraboutfourdays.C．Foraboutfivedays. D．Foraboutsixdays.5．Fromthematerial,weknowthatNatalie________.A．isfromVancouver B．isalittleafraidofheightsC．didn’tgoonSpaceMountain D．oncevisitedChinawithherfriends三閱讀下面的材料，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或填入括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式（每空最多不超過三個(gè)單詞）。TodayalmosteveryoneknowscomputersandtheInternet.Thefirstcomputerwas1(invent)in1946.Itwasverybigbutitworked2(slow).Todaycomputersaregettingsmallerandsmaller,buttheyworkfasterandfaster.Whatcancomputersdo?Awriterhassaid,“Peoplecan’tlive3computerstoday.”TheInternetcameabouttwenty-fiveyears4(late)thancomputers.Butnowitcan5(find)almosteverywhere.Wecanuseittoreadbooks,writeletters,playcomputergamesormakefriends.Manystudentsenjoy6(use)theInternetverymuch.TheymakefriendsontheInternetandmaybetheyhaveneverseenthesefriends.Theydon’tknow7(they)realnames,ages,orevensexes(性別).Theyareso8(interest)inmakingthe“unrealfriends”9theycan’tputtheirheartsintostudy.Manyofthemcan’tcatchupwithothersinmany10(subject)becauseofthat.WecanusecomputersandtheInternettolearnmoreabouttheworld.Butatthesametime,weshouldrememberthatnotallthethingscanbedonebycomputersandtheInternet.

Unit13We'retryingtosavetheearth!litter['l?t?]亂扔垃圾；廢棄物bottom[?b?t?m]底部；最下部fisherman[?f???m?n]漁民；釣魚的人coal[k??l]煤；煤塊public['p?bl?k]公眾的；公共的ugly[??ɡli]丑陋的；難看的advantage[?d?vɑ?nt?d?]n.優(yōu)點(diǎn)；有利條件cost[k?st]花費(fèi)n.wooden[?w?d(?)n]木制的；木頭的plastic['pl?st?k]塑料的n.makeadifference有關(guān)系，作用，影響shark['?ɑ?k]鯊魚finn（.魚）鰭cutoff割掉；砍掉method[?meθ?d]方法；措施cruel[?kru??l]殘酷的；殘忍的harmful[?hɑ?mf?l]有害的chain[t?e?n]鏈子；鏈條ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)low[l??]adj（.數(shù)量等）減少的；低的；矮的industry[??nd?stri]工業(yè)；行業(yè)law[l??]法律；法規(guī)reusableadj.可重復(fù)使用的；可再次使用的afford[?'f??d]承擔(dān)得起（后果）；買得起transportation[?tr?nsp?'te???n]運(yùn)輸業(yè)；交通運(yùn)輸recycle[ri?'sa?kl]回收利用；再利用napkin['n?pk?n]餐巾；餐巾紙upsidedown顛倒；倒轉(zhuǎn)gate[ge?t]大門bottle[?b?tl]瓶；瓶子president[?prez?d?nt]負(fù)責(zé)人；主席；總統(tǒng)inspiration[??nsp?'re???n]靈感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物）metal['metl]金屬creativity創(chuàng)造力；獨(dú)創(chuàng)性SectionASectionB知識(shí)點(diǎn)1cutdown的用法及常見的cut短語教材原文Well,tocutdownairpollution,weshouldtakethebusorsubwayinsteadofdriving.哦，為減少空氣污染，我們應(yīng)該乘坐公共汽車或地鐵，而不要開車。cutdown是固定搭配，意為“減少；削減”。Ihelpcutdownairpollutionbyridingabicycletowork.我通過騎自行車去上班的方式幫助減少空氣污染。溫馨提示cutdown還有“砍伐；砍倒”之意，通常和樹木（tree)等搭配。Wecutdowntreestomakefurnitureandpaper.我們伐樹制造家具和紙。歸納拓展常見的“動(dòng)詞＋down”結(jié)構(gòu)的短語還有：calmdown使鎮(zhèn)靜liedown躺下sitdown坐下countdown倒數(shù)breakdown出故障writedown寫下；記下putdown放下；寫下pulldown拆毀；摧毀例1-Toprotecttheenvironment,weshouldn't___________somanytrees.-That'strue.Weshouldplantmoretreesinstead.A.writedownB.cutdownC.countdownD.breakdown答案B解析本題考查“動(dòng)詞＋down”的短語搭配。根據(jù)本題語境可知，為了保護(hù)環(huán)境，我們不應(yīng)該“砍伐”這么多樹木，cutdown符合題意。知識(shí)點(diǎn)2harmful的用法和搭配教材原文Thisisnotonlycruel,butalsoharmfultotheenvironment.這不僅殘忍，而且對(duì)環(huán)境有害。beharmfulto是固定搭配，意為“對(duì)······有害”，和bebadfor、doharmto同義。該短語中的harmful是形容詞，意為“有害的”。Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth.吸煙有害健康。（朗文）詞匯聯(lián)想反義詞：harmlessadj.無害的Nocigaretteiscompletelyharmless.沒有香煙是完全無害的。例2用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Teenagersmustnotbeallowedtosmoke.It's___________(harm)totheirhealth.答案harmful知識(shí)點(diǎn)3afford的用法教材原文Yes,wecan'taffordtowaitanylongertotakeaction!是的，我們不能再等了，必須采取行動(dòng)了！afford是動(dòng)詞，意為“承擔(dān)得起（后果）”。Thismatterwassoimportantthatwecouldnotaffordtoignoreit.這個(gè)問題太重要了，我們疏忽不得。歸納拓展afford還有“買得起；負(fù)擔(dān)得起”之意。Canweaffordanewcar?我們買得起一輛新車嗎？例3根據(jù)句意和首字母提示寫出所缺的單詞-Whydon'tyougetheradigitalcamera?-That'stooexpensive.Ican'ta___________it.答案afford知識(shí)點(diǎn)4advantageadvantage作可數(shù)名詞，意為“優(yōu)點(diǎn)；有利條件”。【拓展】(1)advantage的反義詞是disadvantage，意為“缺點(diǎn)；不足”。如：Thesituationputusataseriousdisadvantage.形勢使我們處于非常不利的地位。(2)theadvantageof意為“……的優(yōu)點(diǎn)/優(yōu)勢”。如：Theadvantageofagoodeducationareverygreat.受到良好教育的益處很大。知識(shí)點(diǎn)5costcost既可以用作動(dòng)詞，意為“花費(fèi)”；又可以用作名詞，意為“花費(fèi)；價(jià)錢”?！颈嫖觥縮pend，take，cost與pay(1)spend意為“花費(fèi)”，主語只能是人，指某人“花費(fèi)(時(shí)間、金錢)”，常用于spend…onsth.或spend…(in)doingsth.句型中。如：Youreallyshouldn'tspendsomucheffortonit.你真不該在這件事上花費(fèi)這么多精力。(2)take意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢”，常用于Ittakessb.muchtime/moneytodosth.句型中。如：Ittookme2hourstofinishmyhomework.我花了兩小時(shí)做作業(yè)。(3)cost意為“花費(fèi)(金錢)；值”，主語只能是物或事情。cost可以帶雙賓語，但cost沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如：Howmuchdothevegetablescost？這些蔬菜值多少錢？(4)pay意為“花費(fèi)”，主語只能是人，指為買到的東西付錢，與介詞for連用，句型為sb.paymoneyforsth.如：Mybrotherpaid20yuanforthetoy.我弟弟花了20元買那個(gè)玩具。知識(shí)點(diǎn)6.harmfulharmful作形容詞，意為“有害的”，其名詞形式是harm，意為“傷害；損害”。beharmfulto意為“對(duì)……有害”，相當(dāng)于doharmto。如：Excessivedrinkingdoesharmtothebody.過度飲酒對(duì)身體有害?！就卣埂亢缶Y-ful構(gòu)成的常用形容詞：use→useful(有用的，有益的)help→helpful(有幫助的，有益的)forget→forgetful(健忘的)care→careful(小心的，仔細(xì)的)pain→painful(疼痛的)wonder→wonderful(極好的)color→colorful(彩色的；色彩艷麗的)thank→thankful(感激的)beauty→beautiful(美麗的)【注意】末尾字母為y的，先把-y變成-i，再加-ful!知識(shí)點(diǎn)七．lawlaw作名詞，意為“法律；法規(guī)”。常用短語：breakthelaw犯法keepthelaw維護(hù)法制makealaw制定法律obeythelaw遵守法律passalaw通過法律trafficlaw交通法知識(shí)點(diǎn)八．scientificscientific作形容詞，意為“科學(xué)上的；科學(xué)的”。如：Weallsupporthisscientificresearch.我們都支持他的科學(xué)研究。【拓展】sciencen．科學(xué)scientistn．科學(xué)家知識(shí)點(diǎn)9throwaway的搭配教材原文Doyouoftenthrowawaythingsyoudon'tneedanymore?你經(jīng)常扔掉你不再需要的東西嗎？throwaway是固定搭配，意為“扔掉；丟棄”。如果它的賓語是名詞，該名詞賓語可以位于throw和away之間，也可以位于away之后；如果它的賓語是代詞，該代詞賓語只能位于throw和away之間。Ishouldn'thavethrownawaythereceipt.我不應(yīng)該扔掉那張收據(jù)的。（朗文）＝Ishouldn'thavethrownthereceiptaway.Thesebooksareuseless.I'mgoingtothrowthemaway.這些書都沒有用了。我打算把它們?nèi)恿?。?根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子。每空一詞當(dāng)一個(gè)瓶子空了時(shí)，它會(huì)被當(dāng)作垃圾扔掉。Whenabottleisempty,itwillbe______________________aswaste.答案thrownaway知識(shí)點(diǎn)10YouhaveprobablyneverheardofAmyHayes，butsheisamostunusualwoman.你也許從來都沒有聽說過艾米·海斯，但是她的確是一位非常不尋常的女士。(1)hearof意為“聽說”，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。如：Wehavejustheardofhismarriagetoateacher.我們剛剛聽說他與一位老師結(jié)了婚?！就卣埂縣earfromsb.意為“收到某人的來信”，相當(dāng)于receivealetterfromsb.。如：Ihearfrommycousineverytwomonths.我每兩個(gè)月就會(huì)收到我表哥的來信。(2)“a＋most＋形容詞＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的most意為“很；非?！?，相當(dāng)于very，extremely。如：WeheardamostinterestingtalkaboutJapan.我們聽了一個(gè)關(guān)于日本的非常有趣的談話?！就卣埂俊皌he＋most＋形容詞原級(jí)”是多音節(jié)形容詞最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成形式。知識(shí)點(diǎn)11.workwork作可數(shù)名詞，意為“(音樂、藝術(shù))作品”?！就卣埂?1)不可數(shù)名詞，意為“工作”；job也意為“工作”，是可數(shù)名詞。(2)用作動(dòng)詞，意為“工作”。workhardat/on…意為“在……方面努力學(xué)習(xí)工作”。知識(shí)點(diǎn)12.instead,insteadofinstead是副詞，意為“相反”，常位于句首或句尾，表示前面的事情沒做，而做了后面的事insteadof是短語介詞，意為“代替；而不是”，其后要接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞Itwilltakedaystogotherebycar,solet'sflyinstead.開車去那里要好幾天，所以咱們還是坐飛機(jī)去吧。Youprobablypickedupmykeysinsteadofyours.你可能沒拿你的鑰匙而錯(cuò)拿了我的。（朗文）例根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞他不僅沒幫我，反而還取笑我。____________________helpingme,helaughedatme.答案Insteadof知識(shí)點(diǎn)13現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用來描述現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。它的結(jié)構(gòu)是“be+現(xiàn)在分詞”。Weareworkingonthesciencereportnow.現(xiàn)在我們正在寫那個(gè)科學(xué)報(bào)告。2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)是中考題中的?？键c(diǎn)，解題時(shí)需要根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息以及上下文語境來判斷。now、atthemoment以及Look!或Listen!是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志。有的題目沒有這些明顯的標(biāo)志，但可以根據(jù)上下文語境來推斷出時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。Theyaredoingtheirhomeworkatthemoment.他們現(xiàn)在正在做他們的家庭作業(yè)。Look!Maryisplayingtheguitaroverthere.看！瑪麗正在那邊彈吉他。例1StudentsinClassOne__________forthesingingcompetitionatthemoment.A.prepareB.arepreparingC.preparedD.aregoingtoprepare答案B解析根據(jù)題干中的atthemoment可知，對(duì)應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，故答案為B.知識(shí)點(diǎn)14、usedtousedto表示“過去經(jīng)常；過去常常”，后跟動(dòng)詞原形。Heusedtobequiet,butnowheisveryoutgoing.他以前話不多，但現(xiàn)在他很外向。易錯(cuò)提醒注意usedtodosth.“過去經(jīng)常做某事”和be/getusedtodoingsth.“習(xí)慣做某事”的區(qū)別。Shehasbeenusedtolivi