2022中考熱點題型歸納與變式練 專題18 任務型閱讀（2）（解析版）

2022中考熱點題型歸納與變式練專題18任務型閱讀（2）【題型一】任務型閱讀之判斷正誤類【典例分析】（2021·山東青島·中考真題）TherearethreefamoustowerstothesouthoftheYangtzeRiver—theTengwangPaviliontheYellowCraneTowerandtheYueyangTower.TheTengwangPavilionisinNanchangCity,JiangxiProvince.ATributetotheTengwangPavilion(《滕王閣序》)writtenbyWangBointheearlyTangDynastymadethepavilionwell-knownatthattime.Onthefifthfloor,youcanhaveanamazingbirdviewofthecity.ThebesttimetovisitthepavilionfallsinMarchtoMayandSeptembertoearlyNovember.

TheYellowCraneTowersitsinWuhanCity,HubeiProvince.Youcanreadsomepoemswrittenindifferentdynastiesonthethirdfloor,whichwonfameforthetower.ItsculturalimportancemadeitthesymbolofWuhan.Onthetopofthetower,youwillenjoyabeautifulviewoftheYangtzeRiver,itsbridgeandthebuildingsaroundthetowerinWuhan.TheYueyangTowerliesinYueyangCity,HunanProvince.It’sa19-meter-highbuildingwhichismadeofwood.Fromthetop,youwillseethewhitesailsofpassingboatsunderthebluesky.ThetowerwasmadeveryfamousbytheworksofFanZhongyanwhowasagreatpoliticianandwriterduringtheNorthernSongDynasty.判斷正誤，正確的選A錯誤的選B1．JulyisthebesttimetovisittheTengwangPavilion.2．YoucanreadpoemsofdifferenttimeswhenyouvisittheYellowCraneTower.3．YoucanenjoybeautifulcityviewsfromtheTengwangPavilionandtheYellowCraneTower.4．TheYueyangTowerisawoodenbuildinginHubeiProvince.5．Allthethreebuildingsweremadefamousbygreatancientworks.【答案】1-5．BAABA【短文分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了三個著名的塔——滕王閣、黃鶴樓和岳陽樓?！敬鸢附馕觥俊镜?題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThebesttimetovisitthepavilionfallsinMarchtoMayandSeptembertoearlyNovember.”可知，參觀滕王閣最佳時間是3月至5月，9月至11月初，而7月不在此期間。故答案為B?！镜?題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Youcanreadsomepoemswrittenindifferentdynastiesonthethirdfloor,whichwonfameforthetower.”可知，你可以在三樓讀到一些不同朝代的詩。故答案為A?！镜?題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Onthetopofthetower,youwillenjoyabeautifulviewoftheYangtzeRiver,itsbridgeandthebuildingsaroundthetowerinWuhan.”和“Onthefifthfloor,youcanhaveanamazingbirdviewofthecity.”可知，你可以從滕王閣和黃鶴樓欣賞美麗的城市景色。故答案為A?！镜?題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheYueyangTowerliesinYueyangCity,HunanProvince.”可知，岳陽樓位于湖南省岳陽市。故答案為B?！镜?題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ATributetotheTengwangPavilion(《滕王閣序》)writtenbyWangBointheearlyTangDynastymadethepavilionwell-knownatthattime.”；“Youcanreadsomepoemswrittenindifferentdynastiesonthethirdfloor,whichwonfameforthetower.”和“ThetowerwasmadeveryfamousbytheworksofFanZhongyanwhowasagreatpoliticianandwriterduringtheNorthernSongDynasty.”可知，這三座建筑都因古代的偉大作品而聞名。故答案為A?！咎岱置丶靠键c掃描為了彌補閱讀理解客觀題(判斷是非題與單項選擇題)一統(tǒng)天下、考生容易猜測的局面，近年來各地中考英語閱讀理解部分都引入了屬于主觀題性質(zhì)的任務型閱讀，要求考生或填寫表格(一般限定詞數(shù))，或回答問題。值得一提的是,近年來任務型閱讀的主觀題在各地中考英語試題中所占的比例越來越大，有的地方試題甚至采用兩篇,既要求考生根據(jù)文章填寫表格，又要求考生在閱讀文章后回答問題，但是，綜觀任何一組中考英語閱讀理解試題，試題的難易度分布非常有序。判斷正誤類任務型閱讀做題技巧與策略“正誤判斷型閱讀理解題”解題思路：（1）閱讀原文，捕捉信息。理解大意。先通讀原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，抓住文章大意，理清全文脈絡。（2）審讀題目，找出相關的依據(jù)。讀懂短文內(nèi)容再讀題目，把握每一個待判定句子的含義，通過尋讀法在原文中找出每一個問題相關的段落與詞句，然后依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容對試題所給出的句子進行是非判斷。（3）重讀短文，逐題復核，檢查無誤。完成正誤判斷后必須將短文重復一遍，以加深對短文的理解，在此基礎上再對每一道題進行復查，對一些似是而非的句子，一定要重新認真識別。正誤題答題技巧：1.詳細閱讀并理解答題指引部分，確定答題方式。2.確切理解問句的含義，嚴格按照文章本身意思理解和推斷，不要想當然。3.找出問句中的關鍵詞語。4.利用關鍵詞語在文章中確定答案位置。5.仔細查看文章中關鍵詞語所在句子中的含義。必要時應查看關鍵詞語所在句子前后句子的含義。認真區(qū)分false和notgiven，false與原文相反、相沖突；notgive則不相沖突，但未提及。6.可利用語法、詞法判斷答案所在相關句子的肯定與否定含義?！咀兪窖菥殹咳蝿招烷喿x之判斷正誤第1篇（2021·內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特·中考真題）ILOVEFOOTBALL.IstartedplayingwhenIwasnineyearsold,andfootballgotmethroughdifficultperiods.IthelpsmakemewhoIamtoday.AndeventhoughIdidnotreachtheNationalFootballLeague,IsometimesthinkIgotmorefromachievingthatdream,withoutrealizingit.Myromancewithfootballstartedwhenmydaddroveme,kickingandscreaming,tojoinaleague.Ididn’twanttobethereatfirst.Iwasnaturallyweakandsmall.Fearturnedtoawe(敬畏)whenImetmycoach,JimGraham,ahugeandstrongguy.Andhewasreallystrictandold-school.CoachGrahamusedtodrivemehard.Irememberonepracticeinparticular.“You’redoingitallwrong,Pausch.Goback!Doitagain!”Itriedtodowhathewanted.Butitwasn’tenough.“Youowe(欠)me,Pausch!You’redoingpush-upsafterpractice.Whenthepracticewasover,oneoftheassistantcoachescameuptome.“CoachGrahamdroveyouprettyhard,didn’the?”hesaid.“Yeah.”“That’sagoodthing,”theassistanttoldme.“Whenyou’redoingbadlyandnobodysaysanythingtoyouanymore,thatmeansthey’vegivenuponyou.”Thatconversationhasbeenwithmecloselymywholelife.Whenyouseeyourselfdoingsomethingbadlyandnobody’swillingtotellyouanymore,that’sabadplacetobe.Youmaynotwanttohearit,butthosewhoalwayspushyouhardinyourlifeareoftentheonestellingyoutheystillloveyouandcareaboutyou,andwanttomakeyoubetter.There’salotoftalkthesedaysaboutgivingchildrenself-respect.It’snotsomethingyoucangive;it’ssomethingtheyhavetobuild.CoachGrahamknewtherewasreallyonlyonewaytoteachkidshowtomakeitstronger:Yougivethemsomethingtheycan’tdo;theyworkharduntiltheyfindtheycandoit,andyoujustkeeprepeating.WhenCoachGrahamfirstgotholdofme,Iwasaweakkidwithnoskillsandnophysicalstrength.ButhemademerealizethatifIworkhardenough,therewillbethingsIcandotomorrowthatIcan’tdotoday.IreallyfeltthankfultoCoachGrahamforwhathehaddonetome,thoughitsurelydidn’tfeelgoodatthattimetodosomanypush-upsafterpractice.根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容判斷正(T)誤(F)1．Inthewriter’seyes,CoachGrahamwasstrictandwise.2．Thewriterbelievesthatthosewhoarequitestrictwithyouactuallythinkillofyou.3．ThewriterwasthankfultoGrahambecausethecoachencouragedhimtodobetter.4．Fromthepassage,wecanlearn“Neveroffertoteachfishtoswim”5．CoachGrahamknewthemethodtoteachkidshowtobuildself-respect.【答案】1-5.TFTFT【短文分析】文章主要通過作者學習踢足球的時候與教練的相處經(jīng)歷和感受告訴我們：一分耕耘，一分收獲的道理以及教練對作者的人生影響。【答案解析】【第1題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Fearturnedtoawe(敬畏)whenImetmycoach,JimGraham,ahugeandstrongguy.Andhewasreallystrictandold-school.”以及“CoachGrahamknewtherewasreallyonlyonewaytoteachkidshowtomakeitstronger…”可知，教練是一個嚴厲且富有智慧的人，故選T?！镜?題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“butthosewhoalwayspushyouhardinyourlifeareoftentheonestellingyoutheystillloveyouandcareaboutyou,andwanttomakeyoubetter.”可知，作者認為批評你的人實際上是愛你、關心你，想要你變得更好的人，故選F?！镜?題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ButhemademerealizethatifIworkhardenough,therewillbethingsIcandotomorrowthatIcan’tdotoday.IreallyfeltthankfultoCoachGrahamforwhathehaddonetome”可知，作者感謝教練是因為教練鼓勵他做的更好，故選T。【第4題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“WhenCoachGrahamfirstgotholdofme,Iwasaweakkidwithnoskillsandnophysicalstrength…thoughitsurelydidn’tfeelgoodatthattimetodosomanypush-upsafterpractice.”及整個文章的理解可知，足夠的努力可以使人將來做到今天做不到的事情，故選F?！镜?題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“There’salotoftalkthesedaysaboutgivingchildrenself-respect.It’snotsomethingyoucangive…theyworkharduntiltheyfindtheycandoit,andyoujustkeeprepeating.”可知，格雷厄姆教練知道如何教孩子建立自尊的方法。故選T。任務型閱讀之判斷正誤第2篇（2021·黑龍江哈爾濱·中考真題）Dalewasayoungboywhohadatalentforrunning.Hewasalwaystryingtofindsomeonetocompetewith.Hewasthirstyforsuccess.Forhim,winningwaseverything,Oneday,twoyoungboysacceptedhischallenge.Alargecrowdofstudentsgottogethertowatch.Dale’sPEteacherMr.Smithwasalsoamongthem.Theracebegan.Withstrength(力量)andpower,Dalewonwithoutanydifficulty.Thecrowdcheeredloudly.Dalefeltproudandexcited.However,Mr.Smithkeptquiet.“Anotherrace,anotherrace!”shoutedDale.Mr.Smithsteppedforwardandaskedhimtohaveagroupcompetition.Thereshouldbeaboyandagirlineachgroup,buttherightlegofthegirlandtheleftlegoftheboyshouldbetiedtogether.TheracestartedandDaletriedhisbesttorunfast.Unluckily,bothDaleandthegirlinhisgroupfelldownbecausethegirlwasnotasfastashim.Thecrowdwentsilent.Dalelayontheground,lookingatothergroupspassingby.Thegirlcriedsadly.Dalehelpedthegirltostandupandsaid,“Cheerup!Wemaylosetheracebutweshouldn’tgiveup!Let’sworktogethertofinishtherace!”Astheycontinuedrunningtothefinishingline,thecrowdcheeredloudly.Mr.Smithsmiled,too.ThoughDale’sgroupdidn’twintherace,Dalewashappybecauseheleanedalotfromit.Weneedcompetitionsinlife.Butbeingarealwinnerdoesn’talwaysmeanbeingthefirst.Italsomeansnevergivingupevenifthereisnohopetobethefirst.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正、誤。（注意：考生將答題卡相應位置涂黑。正確的涂“A”，錯誤的涂“B”）1．Dalewasagoodrunnerandhewaseasytogetthirsty.2．Mr.SmithkeptquietwhenDalewonthefirstracethatday.3．Inthesecondrace,thegirl’srightlegandtheboy’srightlegweretiedtogether.4．ThecrowdcheeredloudlyasDale’sgroupwentonrunningtothefinishingline.5．Dale’sgrouplosttherace,butDalewashappybecausehelearnedalotfromit.【答案】1-5．BABAA【短文分析】本文主要講述了Dale擅長跑步，總想著跟別人比賽來證明自己能贏，在一次小組比賽中，因搭檔的女孩沒有他跑得快，而導致兩個人摔倒了并落后于其他隊，這時Dale反而安慰女孩不要放棄。通過這個故事，作者想告訴我們生活中需要競爭。但成為真正的贏家并不意味著總是第一個。永遠不要放棄，即使沒有希望成為第一個?！敬鸢附馕觥俊镜?題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Dalewasayoungboywhohadatalentforrunning.Hewasalwaystryingtofindsomeonetocompetewith.Hewasthirstyforsuccess”可知，他是一位優(yōu)秀的跑步運動員，他很渴望成功，但并不是Dale很容易口渴，此句表述錯誤，故答案為B?！镜?題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“However,Mr.Smithkeptquiet”可知，Dale贏了第一場比賽時，Smith老師保持沉默，此句表述正確，故答案為A。【第3題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“buttherightlegofthegirlandtheleftlegoftheboyshouldbetiedtogether”可知，在第二場比賽中，女孩的右腿和男孩的左腿綁在一起，此句表述錯誤，故答案為B。【第4題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Astheycontinuedrunningtothefinishingline,thecrowdcheeredloudly”可知，當他們繼續(xù)沖向終點線時，人群為他們大聲地喝彩，此句表述正確，故答案為A?！镜?題】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThoughDale’sgroupdidn’twintherace,Dalewashappybecauseheleanedalotfromit”可知，盡管Dale沒有贏得比賽，但他還是很開心，因為他從這場比賽里學到了許多，此句表述正確，故答案為A?！绢}型二】任務型閱讀之信息匹配類【典例分析】（2021·黑龍江牡丹江·中考真題）Matchtheadviceaccordingtowhatyouread._1_Ioftenfeelsleepyinclass.Idon’tknowwhattheteacherissayingandIdon’tknowhowtodohomework,either._2_Iamnotagoodstudentinmyteachers’eyes.Itseemsthattheteachercareslittleaboutsuchstudentslikeme.Ifeelsadaboutthis._3_Myparentsareverystrictwithme.Iamnotallowedtohaveanyfunevenlisteningtomusic.Igetsickofsittingthereanddoingexercisesagainandagain._4_IknowIamnottalented.EventhoughIworkhardonmystudy,Imakenoprogress.Ifeelsad._5_Idoverywellinmystudy.Myteachersandparentsareproudofme.ButIamnothappyatall.Idon’tknowhowtogetonwellwithothers.A．Talktoyourparentsandletthemknowyouwanttohaveotheractivities.Ahealthymindandbodywillbegoodforyourstudy.B．Trytomakefriendswithyourclassmates.Befriendlytoothers.Don’tlookdownuponotherseventhoughtheyarenotasgoodasyouinstudy.C．Youdon’tneedtodoanyexercisesifyougethighmarksinyourexercises.D．Gotobedearlieratnight.Concentrateon(聚精會神)whattheteachersays.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,asktheteacheratonce.E．Don’tworry.Justtakeiteasy.Youwillcertainlymakeprogressifyoucankeepon.F．Youcanhaveatalkwithyourteacher.Tellhimhowyouarefeeling.Andmakeupyourmindtostudyharder.【答案】1-5．DFAEB【短文分析】本文分別介紹了五個人的困擾：課堂上犯困無法集中注意力；無法感受老師的關注；父母對自己太嚴格；無法取得進步；無法與其他人溝通?！敬鸢附馕觥俊镜?題】根據(jù)“Ioftenfeelsleepyinclass.Idon’tknowwhattheteacherissayingandIdon’tknowhowtodohomework,either”可知，此處是解決他課堂上犯困無法集中注意力的困擾，D選項“晚上早點睡覺。專心聽老師說的話。如果你有什么問題，立即問老師”符合，故選D?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Iamnotagoodstudentinmyteachers’eyes.Itseemsthattheteachercareslittleaboutsuchstudentslikeme.Ifeelsadaboutthis.”可知，此處是解決無法感受老師的關注這個困擾，F(xiàn)選項“你可以和你的老師談一談。告訴他你的感覺。并下定決心更加努力地學習”符合，故選F?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Myparentsareverystrictwithme.Iamnotallowedtohaveanyfunevenlisteningtomusic”可知，此處是解決父母對自己太嚴格的困擾，A選項“和你的父母談談，讓他們知道你想?yún)⒓悠渌顒?。一個健康的身心對你的學習有好處”符合，故選A?！镜?題】根據(jù)“EventhoughIworkhardonmystudy,Imakenoprogress.Ifeelsad”可知，此處是解決無法進步的困擾，E選項“別擔心。放松點。如果你能堅持下去，你一定會進步的”符合，故選E?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Myteachersandparentsareproudofme.ButIamnothappyatall.Idon’tknowhowtogetonwellwithothers”可知，此處是解決無法與其他人溝通的困擾，B選項“試著和你的同學交朋友。善待他人。不要看不起別人，即使他們沒有你學習好”符合，故選B?！咎岱置丶靠键c掃描為了彌補閱讀理解客觀題(判斷是非題與單項選擇題)一統(tǒng)天下、考生容易猜測的局面，近年來各地中考英語閱讀理解部分都引入了屬于主觀題性質(zhì)的任務型閱讀，要求考生或填寫表格(一般限定詞數(shù))，或回答問題。值得一提的是,近年來任務型閱讀的主觀題在各地中考英語試題中所占的比例越來越大，有的地方試題甚至采用兩篇,既要求考生根據(jù)文章填寫表格，又要求考生在閱讀文章后回答問題，但是，綜觀任何一組中考英語閱讀理解試題，試題的難易度分布非常有序。信息匹配類任務型閱讀做題技巧與策略信息匹配題的主要特點是將主題類似的信息放在一起，要求學生迅速甄別不同點，并對特定細節(jié)進行篩選、類比和綜合。這類題目既考查學生的快速閱讀能力，又考查學生提取信息、處理信息、綜合運用英語的能力。技巧點撥（1）仔細閱讀試題選項，正確理解每個選項的意思。對于談論相似主題的選項，需區(qū)別內(nèi)容的相同點和不同點，并牢記體現(xiàn)不同點的關鍵詞語。（2）快速瀏覽短文，依靠標題迅速抓住每篇短文的主題。瀏覽過程中若發(fā)現(xiàn)答題所需的具體信息，在詞語或句子下面畫線并標上所答的題號，以便初步敲定答案。對那些暫時無法確定答案的題目，可暫且放置一邊，并在第二次閱讀時予以解決。（3）第二次閱讀短文時必須有針對性，主要為了解決兩個問題：一是仔細檢查已初步認定的答案與單句是否匹配；二是找到第一遍瀏覽時尚未確定的信息。（4）為確保答案的準確性，再次將選項跟短文的內(nèi)容進行比較，檢查有無謬誤或疏漏之處?！咀兪窖菥殹咳蝿招烷喿x之信息匹配第1題（2021·廣東·中考真題）配對閱讀。左欄是五個人的情況介紹，右欄是七個英語習語及其解釋。請為每個人選擇一個合適的習語描述他/她的情況，并將答題卡上對應題目所選的選項涂黑。_1_Bella,oneofthetopstudentsinherclass,alwaysgetsupearlyandhopestogetbettergradesbyworkinghard._2_Vincenthasjoinedamountainclimbingclub.Theclubmemberswillhaveaclimbingtripnextweekandhewillbetheleaderoftheteam._3_AileenisanEnglishteacher.Shealwaysknowswhat’sgoingoninclass,evenwhenherstudentsarepassingnotesbehindherback._4_Samisanewcomertoahighschool.Hefeelsalittlenervousintheclassroomwithalotofstrangersaroundhim._5_Victor’sfriendsaretakingahigh-speedtraintovisithim.Buthisfriendsarelate.Heisnowwaitingforthematthestation.A．Inmanyballgames,themostimportantpersonistheonewhocarriestheball.Suchapersonistheleaderandhemakessurethatajobgetsdone.B．Birdsfeedonworms.Abirdwillgohungryifitcannotcatchworms.Thebirdthatgetsupearlyissuretogetsomefood,sotheearlybirdcatchestheworm.C．Yourfeetbecomehotwhenyourun.Butwhenyouareforcedtositinoneplace,yourheelsstaycool.Whensomeonekeepsyouwaiting,youcansayheiscoolingyourheels.D．Somepeopleseemtoknowwhat’sgoingonbehindthem,asiftheyhadeyesinthebackoftheirheads.“Eyesinthebackofyourhead”describestheabilitytonoticeeverythinghappeningaroundyou.E.Youdon’tknowwhatwillhappenifyouwakeupasleepingdoginthestreet,soitwouldbemuchsmartertoletsleepingdogslie.F.Peoplemaygettheirfeetintothewaterslowlywhentheystarttoleanswimming.“Getyourfeetwet”meanstryingtodosomethingforthefirsttime.G.Fishliveinwater.Apersonwhoisinastrangeoruncomfortableenvironmentmayfeellikeafishoutofwater.【答案】1-5．BADGC【短文分析】本文是從右邊找出與左邊相比配的合適習語。Bella用“早起的鳥兒有蟲吃”來描述；Vincent想成為一個爬山旅行的領導者；Aillen用“后腦勺長了眼睛”來描述；Sam處在陌生的環(huán)境中會緊張；Victor正在等他遲到的朋友?！敬鸢附馕觥俊镜?題】根據(jù)“Bella,oneofthetopstudentsinherclass,alwaysgetsupearlyandhopestogetbettergradesbyworkinghard”可知，她每天起很早并且努力學習，所以她取得了好成績，可以用“早起的鳥兒有蟲吃”來描述她的情況，B選項“鳥以蟲子為食。一只鳥如果捉不到蟲子就會挨餓。早起的鳥兒一定會得到一些食物，所以早起的鳥兒有蟲吃”符合，故選B?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Theclubmemberswillhaveaclimbingtripnextweekandhewillbetheleaderoftheteam”可知，與其對應的解釋應與“團隊領導者”有關，A選項“在許多球類運動中，最重要的人是帶球的人。這樣的人就是領導者，他確保工作完成”符合，故選A?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Shealwaysknowswhat’sgoingoninclass,evenwhenherstudentsarepassingnotesbehindherback”可知，Aileen就像后腦勺長了眼睛似的，她總能知道學生在背后做什么動作，D選項“有些人似乎知道自己背后在發(fā)生什么事，就好像他們的后腦勺上長著眼睛一樣。“后腦長眼睛”描述的是注意周圍發(fā)生的一切的能力”符合，故選D?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Hefeelsalittlenervousintheclassroomwithalotofstrangersaroundhim”可知，他在處于陌生的環(huán)境中感到緊張，G選項“魚生活在水里。一個人在一個陌生或不舒服的環(huán)境中可能會感覺像一條離開水的魚”符合，故選G?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Buthisfriendsarelate.Heisnowwaitingforthematthestation”可知，與其對應的解釋應與“等人”有關，C選項“當你跑步時，你的腳會變熱。但當你被迫坐在一個地方時，你的腳后跟會保持涼爽。如果某人讓你久等了，你可以說他正在等你”符合，故選C。任務型閱讀之信息匹配第2題（2021·黑龍江齊齊哈爾·中考真題）閱讀下面文字。從A到F選項中為每個段落選出一個最適合的標題A．Collections

B．Speaking

C．Music

D．Art.

E.Reading

F.SportsHello!I’myourAIrobotAndy.Nowlet’splayagame.I’lldescribesomekindsofactivities.Pleasematchthetopicwiththedescription.Areyouready?Go!___1__Itisagreatwaytoteachyoutheimportanceofusingyourownhandstocreatesomethingfromnothing.___2___Ifyouloseyourselfinit,youcanfindawholenewworldwithoutleavingyourhouse.Andyoucandobetterthannon-readersinschoolworkandexams.___3___Theyarephysicalactivities.Peoplecompeteagainsteachother.Sometimesspeed,skillsandteamworkareneeded.___4___Maybeyouarenotnaturallymoremusicalthanothers.Ifyouenjoysinging,dancingorplayinganinstrument,theycanbecomegreathobbies.___5___Whethertheyarestamps,coins,cards,modelcars,orwhateverelseinterestsyou,it’sagreatwaytolearnaboutpeopleandplaces.【答案】1-5．DEFCA【短文分析】本文向我們介紹了幾種活動。【答案解析】【第1題】根據(jù)“Itisagreatwaytoteachyoutheimportanceofusingyourownhandstocreatesomethingfromnothing.”可知，這是一種很好的方式來告訴你用自己的雙手從無到有的重要性。選項D“美術”與之相符，故選D。【第2題】根據(jù)“Ifyouloseyourselfinit,youcanfindawholenewworldwithoutleavingyourhouse.Andyoucandobetterthannon-readersinschoolworkandexams.”可知，如果你沉浸在其中，你不出家門就能找到一個全新的世界。在學習和考試中，你可以比不讀書的人做得更好。選項E“閱讀”與之相符，故選E?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Theyarephysicalactivities.Peoplecompeteagainsteachother.Sometimesspeed,skillsandteamworkareneeded.”可知，它們是體育活動。人們互相競爭。有時速度、技巧和團隊合作是需要的。選項F“運動”與之相符，故選F?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Maybeyouarenotnaturallymoremusicalthanothers.Ifyouenjoysinging,dancingorplayinganinstrument,theycanbecomegreathobbies.”可知，也許你并不是天生就比別人更有音樂天賦。如果你喜歡唱歌、跳舞或演奏樂器，它們可以成為你的愛好。選項C“音樂”與之相符，故選C?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Whethertheyarestamps,coins,cards,modelcars,orwhateverelseinterestsyou,it’sagreatwaytolearnaboutpeopleandplaces.”可知，無論它們是郵票、硬幣、卡片、模型汽車，還是任何你感興趣的東西，這都是了解人和地方的好方法。選項A“收集”與之相符，故選A?！绢}型三】任務型閱讀之信息摘錄類【典例分析】（2021·四川成都·中考真題）TheArcticishometoover21,000kindsofanimalsandplants.TwothirdsofitistheArcticOcean.Inwinter,itiscompletelycoveredwithseaice.Insummer,nearly50percentoftheseisice.It’salsohometoabout4millionpeople,agroupofwhomareInuit.JimisanInuitboy.At6:30am,hewakesupandgetsreadytogotoschoolinhisfurcoat.Itkeepshimwarminthefreezingweather.Halfanhourlater,hegetstoschoolonaskiorsnowmobile.Someofhisfriendsgobycarinstead.At11:30am,it’stimeforlunch.There’sfishandothermeatinhislunchbox.Hesometimeseatsthemuncooked.Thesefoodsgivehimenoughenergy.Besideslocalfood,somepeopleeatWesternfood.At5:00pm,thesnowoutsidemakeseverythingbright,sohewearssnowgogglesonhiswaybackhome,orhiseyesmaybehurtbadlybythestronglight.FromDecembertoMarch,thesunneverrises.However,italwaysshinesintheskyduringthesummer.At10:00pm,hegoestobed.Sometimeshestaysinanicehousecalledigloo.Itlookscoldbutit’swarminside.Manylocalpeopleliveinhousesmadeofwood.TheInuitmainlymakealivingbyhuntingandfishing.Now,theirlifeisgreatlyinfluencedbyclimate（氣候）change.Forexample,manyanimalstheyhuntforfoodaredisappearing.Thereislessfoodforthereindeertheykeep,too.Theyfacemoreterribleweather,suchassnowstorms.Huntingbecomesmoredangerous.Huntersmayaccidentallyfallintowateriftheicebecomestoothin.Actually,thetemperatureintheArcticis18℃higherthanitwas125yearsago.AllArcticicemaydisappearduringthesummerinlessthan100years.1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________【答案】1．facts2．dark/inthedark/indarkness3．protection4．Transportation5．sureof/about;certainof/about【短文分析】本文介紹了北極生活及北極的現(xiàn)狀，呼吁人們保護環(huán)境?！敬鸢附馕觥俊镜?題】根據(jù)“Inwinter,itiscompletelycoveredwithseaice.Insummer,nearly50percentoftheseisice.”可知介紹北極夏天和冬天的一些事實情況，fact表示“事實”，此處用復數(shù)形式。故填facts?！镜?題】根據(jù)“FromDecembertoMarch,thesunneverrises.”可知從十二月份到三月份，太陽是不升起的，因此是黑暗的。故填dark/inthedark/indarkness。【第3題】根據(jù)“At5:00pm,thesnowoutsidemakeseverythingbright,sohewearssnowgogglesonhiswaybackhome,orhiseyesmaybehurtbadlybythestronglight.”可知回家的時候他帶上護目鏡，以免眼睛被強光損傷，因此護目鏡是保護眼睛的。故填protection?！镜?題】根據(jù)“asnowmobile”和“aski”可知雪地摩托和雪橇屬于交通工具。故填Transportation?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Huntingbecomesmoredangerous.Huntersmayaccidentallyfallintowateriftheicebecomestoothin.”可知獵人很可能在冰薄的地方落入水中，因此沒辦法保證自己的安全。故填sureof/about;certainof/about。【提分秘籍】【命題特點】該題型根據(jù)短文和表格所提供的語言信息，以填寫詞語的方式完成文后各題，主要考查學生三個方面的能力，捕捉信息的能力、組織信息的能力、綜合概括信息的能力。這種題目中所填的詞或調(diào)組往往具有很高的概括性和準確性，因此，考生必須認真閱讀材料，盡可能地從短文中找到所要填寫的詞語?！窘忸}思路】1.縱覽全文，在有限的時間內(nèi)迅速抓住文章的要點和重要信息，找出關鍵詞語。如人物、事物、時間、年代、地點、數(shù)量等。2.分析圖表，特別注意圖表里的小標題，這有助于快速了解圖表結(jié)構及圖表大意，從面有助于預測短文的主旨大意和寫作結(jié)構，還可以準確定位試題具體的填空要求。3.仔細填寫，在了解短文大意的同時，要確定填空的內(nèi)容，即所填寫詞語是否與已知文章中的一致，例如有的同子明確信息，有的要通過邏輯推理，有的句子是文章中原句的同義詞，有的是為了表達同樣的語意，原文中使用的結(jié)構不適合于試題，因此要適當轉(zhuǎn)化結(jié)構。4.審核答案。做完題日后，要立足整體，信摩所填之詞是否符合文章內(nèi)容，同時還要注意動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)是否正確，名詞單復數(shù)。形容詞或制詞及其比較級或最高級是否有誤，首字母是否大寫，句子的主謂搭配是否合格等?！咀兪窖菥殹咳蝿招烷喿x之信息摘錄類第1篇（2021·貴州銅仁·中考真題）Paper-cuttingisafamousfolkartwithalonghistoryinChina.Itwasusedduringfestivalstodecorategatesandwindows.Afterhundredsofyears’development,ithasbecomeaverypopularwayofdecoration.Themaincuttingtoolsaren’tcomplex(復雜的):paperandscissorsoraknife,butcleverandskilledpaper-cuttingartists.canmakeverybeautifulartworks.Chinesepaper-cuttingworkshavethesefeatures—“Flowerinflower,themeintheme.”Thismeanssmallerpicturesandstoriesarehiddenintheworks.Youwillbeamazedbythewonderfuldesignswhenyoulookattheirpaper-cuttingworkscarefully.ThroughChinesepaper-cutting,peopleexpresstheirbestwishes.Paper-cutting1.Paper-cuttingwasusedduring_____1_____todecorategatesandwindows.2.Afterhundredsofyeas’_____2____,ithasbecomeaverypopularwayofdecoration.3.Themaincuttingtoolsare_____3_____:paperandscissororaknife.4.Thismeanssmallerpicturesandstoriesare____4_____intheworks.5.Ifyoulookattheirpaper-cuttingworks_____5____,you’llbesurprisedbythewonderfuldesigns.【答案】1．festivals2．development3．simple4．hidden5．carefully【短文分析】文章介紹了我國歷史悠久的著名民間藝術——剪紙?！敬鸢附馕觥俊镜?題】根據(jù)“Itwasusedduringfestivalstodecorategatesandwindows.”可知，在節(jié)日期間，它被用來裝飾門和窗戶。故填festivals?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Afterhundredsofyears’development,ithasbecomeaverypopularwayofdecoration.”可知，經(jīng)過幾百年的發(fā)展，它已經(jīng)成為一種非常流行的裝飾方式。故填development?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Themaincuttingtoolsaren’tcomplex(復雜的):paperandscissorsoraknife”可知，主要的剪紙工具并不復雜，也就是簡單的，故填simple?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Thismeanssmallerpicturesandstoriesarehiddenintheworks.”可知，這意味著作品中隱藏著較小的畫面和故事。故填hidden?！镜?題】根據(jù)“Youwillbeamazedbythewonderfuldesignswhenyoulookattheirpaper-cuttingworkscarefully.”可知，當你仔細看他們的剪紙作品時，你會驚訝于這些美妙的設計。故填carefully。任務型閱讀之信息摘錄類第2篇（2021·浙江·模擬預測）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)文中信息完成以下任務。任務A：補全對話，完成1~4小題。每空限填一詞。任務B：根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，提出一個問題，完成第5題，不超過10個詞。LearntoBeaBubbleologist●Doyoulikeblowingbubbles?●Areyouinterestedinfindingoutwhybubblespop?●Doyouwanttomeetscientistswhostudybubbles?●Wouldyouliketofindouthowlongonebubblelasts?●AreyouinGrade7orGrade8?IfyouansweredYEStoanyofThesequestions,ThenwehavetheClubforyou!SignupattheChildren’sMuseumofNationalHistoryonThursdayat4:00P.M.Bringafriend.It’sfree.BubbleBlowersClubTheBubbleBlowersClubwantstoteachstudentshowtomakeallkindsofbubbles…soapbubbles,gumbubbles,sodabubbles,plasticbubbles,andbubblesyou’veneverheardabout!Asmembersyouwilllearnhowbubbleshavebeenusedtotreatsomesicknesseslikethecommonflu.You’llalsofindouthowbubbleshelppeopletomakebikehelmetsstronger.Joinourclubandmeetotherbubblelovers.It’slotsoffun!Comepopbubbleswithus!Helen:Wow,lookattheposter,Amy!BubbleBlowers___1___!Amy:Oh,really?Iaminterestedinbubbles!Letmetakealook.Helen:It’sagoodchanceforyou.Youcan___2___tomakeallkindsofbubblesintheclub.Amy:Great.Andtheclubwillshowmembershowtotreatillnesseswithbubbles.Helen:Andyoucanevenmeetscientistswhostudybubbles.Itsoundsinteresting.Amy:Let’sjointheclubtogether.Helen:Goodidea!Howmuchshouldwepayforit?Isitexpensive?Amy:Noworries.It’s___3___.Helen:WeshouldsignupattheChildren’sMuseumofNaturalHistoryon___4___at4:00p.m.Amy:__________5__________?Helen:…Amy:OK.That’sadeal.【答案】1．Club2．learn3．free4．Thursday5．WhenshallwegothereonThursday?【短文分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了吹泡泡俱樂部以及兩人關于注冊吹泡泡俱樂部的對話?！敬鸢附馕觥俊镜?題】根據(jù)原文“BubbleBlowersClub”可知，這是一個吹泡泡俱樂部，故填Club?！镜?題】根據(jù)原文“TheBubbleBlowersClubwantstoteachstudentshowtomakeallkindsofbubbles”可知，在吹泡泡俱樂部學生可以學會吹各種各樣的泡泡。learntodosth.為固定搭配，意為“學會做某事”，且空格前為情態(tài)動詞can，故learn應用動詞原形，故填learn?！镜?題】根據(jù)原文“It’sfree”可知，這個俱樂部是免費的。故填free。【第4題】根據(jù)原文“SignupattheChildren’sMuseumofNationalHistoryonThursdayat4:00P.M.”可知，注冊時間是星期四下午四點。故填Thursday?！镜?題】根據(jù)下文“OK.That’sadeal”可知，此處應該是在問兩人什么時候一起去注冊的問題。故填WhenshallwegothereonThursday?【題型四】任務型閱讀之綜合性閱讀【典例分析】（2021·遼寧沈陽·中考真題）JasonisinterestedinChina.HehasfoundsomeinformationaboutChineseculture.TheabacusTheabacuswasperhapstheearliesttypeofcomputer.People(A)startedusingitmorethan4,000yearsagotodomaths.ItwasusedinancientChina,Rome,EgyptandGreece.Today(B)一些人仍然使用它.Kungfu“Kungfu”isthepopularnamegiventoChinesemartialartsintheWest.Itreferstoanumberofdifferenttypesoffightingthathavedeveloped(C)morethanhundredsofyearsinChina.Thesedifferentstylesareoftencalled“schools”.OneofthemostfamousschoolsistheShaolinSchool.Itcomes(D)________theShaolinTempleatSongshaninHenanProvince.TCMTodaywhenpeopleintheWestneedmedicalhelp,theyoftenchoose(E)________“new”kindofmedicinethatisactuallyquiteold.TheychoosetraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM).TCMusesmanydifferentkindsoftreatments.Herbalmedicinesareused,forexample,tohelpbringbalancetopeople.(F)ManyofthetreatmentsusedinTCMhavehelpedpeopleforthousandsofyears.PeoplecanuseChinesemedicineforalmostanysicknesstheyhave.1．寫出文中畫線部分(A)和(C)的同義詞或近義詞：________;________2．將文中畫線部分(B)譯成英語：_______________________________________________3．在文中(D)和(E)的空白處填入適當?shù)膯卧~：________;

________4．將文中畫線部分(F)改寫為：ManyofthetreatmentsusedinTCMhavehelpedpeople________thousandsofyears________.5．從文中找出兩個與中國文化相關的名詞：________;________【答案】1．began

over2．somepeoplearestillusingit/somepeoplestilluseit.3．

from

a/the/this4．

since

ago5．

Theabacus/Abacus

Kungfu【短文分析】本文是說明文，介紹了算盤、功夫和中醫(yī)三種中國文化的相關知識?！敬鸢附馕觥俊镜?題】根據(jù)第二段“Peoplestartedusingitmorethan4,000yearsagotodomaths”，可知是說4000多年前人們開始用它算數(shù)學，started表示“開始”，和begin同義；結(jié)合started是過去式，故填began。第三段“hundredsofyears”是概數(shù)，結(jié)合語境可知用morethan表示超過數(shù)百年，和over“超過”同義。綜合以上分析，故填began;over?！镜?題】一些人：somepeople；仍然：still；使用它：useit。由today和語境，可知本句用bedoing現(xiàn)在進行時或一般現(xiàn)在時皆可；主語people是集合名詞，相應動詞用復數(shù)形式，故填：somepeoplearestillusingit/somepe