【八下英語(yǔ)人教版】Unit 8 課本知識(shí)重點(diǎn)和語(yǔ)法聚焦重點(diǎn)

人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)第8單元課本知識(shí)重點(diǎn)和語(yǔ)法聚焦重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法焦點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（一）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且有可能還會(huì)持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。由“have/has+過去分詞”構(gòu)成，主要有兩個(gè)含義：①表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，但與現(xiàn)在的情況有聯(lián)系，有時(shí)無時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)和一些表示不確定的過去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：manytimes，just，yet，ever，never，already，before，sofar,bynow等連用。②表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并還可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作，用于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，且句中常帶有表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如：since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句，fortwomonths,sofar等。句型：基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+have/has+過去分詞(done)①肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+過去分詞+其他

②否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他③一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過去分詞+其他

④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句（have/has+主語(yǔ)+過去分詞+其他）常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：just,already,yet,ever,never,before,severaltimes.already“已經(jīng)”;

yet“仍然,還”,這兩個(gè)副詞常常用于完成時(shí)態(tài),其中already常用于肯定句,yet常用于否定句和疑問句中。如:Jimhasalreadyfinishedhiswork.

Jim已經(jīng)把他的工作做完了。Motherhasn’tcomehomeyet.

媽媽還沒回來。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)聯(lián)的過去事件；而一般過去時(shí)則與現(xiàn)在毫無關(guān)系，只是單純的過去的情況。比較：Ihavelostmypen,soIhavetobuyone.我丟了鋼筆，所以得去買一枝。Ilostmypen,butfounditlater.我丟了鋼筆，但后來找到了。當(dāng)句子中有表示明確過去的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能用一般過去時(shí)，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：他一周以前動(dòng)身去了紐約。誤：HehasleftforNewYorkaweekago.

正：HeleftforNewYorkaweekago.當(dāng)句首為疑問詞when時(shí)，其后可用一般過去時(shí)，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：你什么時(shí)候和他首次見面的?

誤：Whenhaveyoufirstmethim?

正：Whendidyoufirstmeethim?對(duì)劃線部分提問：1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays.

__________________you_____________?

2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.

____________yourfather_______________?3)Helefthereyesterday.

___________he___________________?

4)Theyboughtabooktwohoursago.

________they________abook?

用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空：1.She’s_____(live)hereeversinceshewasten.

2.Bothofthem___________(be)inHongKongfortendays.

3.Bothofthem________(come)toHongKongtendaysago.

4.Halfanhour_____________(pass)sincethetrain__________(leave).

5.Mary________(lose)herpen.________you

_______(see)ithereandthere?翻譯：1.她成為一名護(hù)士已經(jīng)三年了2.我三年前就認(rèn)識(shí)李老師了1.Ihopetoseehimsingliveoneday!

1）seesomeonedosomething是一個(gè)常見的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“看見某人做某事”。英語(yǔ)中有一些表示感知的動(dòng)詞，如see(看）、watch(觀看)、feel(感覺)、hear(聽到）、listento(聽）、smell(嗅）等用于主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，后接名詞（或代詞）+不帶to的不定式(或-ing形式）。如：Iwatchedthemgetonthebusonebyone,andthenwewavedgoodbyetoeachother.2）live可用作動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞，且用作不同詞性時(shí)發(fā)音有所不同。作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，live讀作/lIv/，表示“居?。簧?；過…生活”等含義。作形容詞和副詞時(shí)，live讀作/laIv/為副詞，“現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播；在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)表演”。如：LangLangisplayingliveinourcitytonight.朗朗今晚在我們城市舉辦現(xiàn)場(chǎng)演奏。2.Oneofthemdiedbuttheotherrantowardsmyhouse.他們當(dāng)中一個(gè)死了，但是另一個(gè)跑向我的房子。One...,theother...意為“（兩者中的）一個(gè)……，另一個(gè)……”。如：3.Ihavetwobrothers.Oneisadoctor,theotherisateacher.

我有兩個(gè)哥哥。一個(gè)是醫(yī)生，另一個(gè)是教師。4.Signsleftbehindbysomeoneorsomething某人或某物留下的記號(hào)leavebehind為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“留下”。如：Whatleftbehindafterthenoisyparty?Shestillfeltsolonely.拓展：leavesb.behind意為“把某人甩在后面；超越某人”。如：Inafewminute,heleftusfarbehind.leavesth.behind意為“留下/落下某物”。如:Thegirlleftherbagbehindwhenshegotoffthebus.

5.Everytimesheisinthelibrary,Sallylooksatthemanybooksshehasn'treadyetandshecan'twaittoreadthem!

（1）everytime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“每次...”。如：EverytimeIreadthebook,Iamveryhappy.每次讀這本書，我都很開心。（2）can'twaittodosth.意為“迫不及待地做某事”。如：Billcouldn'twaittoopenhispresent.6.Thebookreportisdueintwoweeks.Amy:Yes,Iknow...

due為adj，“預(yù)定；預(yù)期；預(yù)計(jì)”，后邊引出預(yù)期的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等.還常常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)bedue(todosomething)或bedue(forsomething)。隨堂練1.I________heardofthatstorybefore.

A.don’thave

B.nothave

C.havenot

D.nottohave2.She’sneverbeentothatfactory,_______?

A.isshe

B.wasshe

C.doesshe

D.hasshe3.Haveyoumadedumplings_______?No,Ihaven’t.

A.justnow

B.yesterday

C.ago

D.before4.Tom________illsincelastnight.

A.was

B.is

C.has

been

D.be5.Howlonghave

you_________Nanjing?

A.goneto

B.beento

C.beenin

D.wentto

6.You’veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,______?

A.haven’tyou

B.

haveyou

C.

doyou

D.don’tyou7.—Ihavewatchedthegame.—When____you____it?

A.have;watched

B.do;watch

C.did;watch

D.will;watch8.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.

A.lived

B.has

lived

C.lives

D.isgoingtolive9.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.

A.died

B.hasdied

C.wasdead

D.hasbeendead

10.–WhereisHanMeinow?－She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.

A.hasgone

B.hasbeen

C.goes

D.hadgone11.－____you____toXi’an?－No,never,butIwenttoAnkangafewyearsago

A.Have;been

B.Have;gone

C.Did;go

D.Do;go12.Youhaven’tchangedyourmind,_______?

A.doyou

B.

areyou

C.

haveyou

D.

didyou13.Howlonghaveyou___thefootballteamoftheschool?

A.played

B.beenat

C.

joined

Dbeen

on

14.—Wherehaveyou_____thesedays?—Ihave_____toKunmingwithmyfriends.A.been,gone

B.been,been

C.gone,been

D.gone,

gone15.Howlonghaveyou____thisbook?

A.bought

B.borrowed

C.had

D.lent16.—Excuseme,___youseenthefilmyet?—Yes,I____itlastnight.

A.have,see

B.have,haveseen

C.have,seen

D.have,saw17.Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore,_____?

A.ishe

B.

isn’the

C.

hasn’the

D.

has

he18.Iwillcometoseeyouagain_______fivedays.A.after

B.laterC.behindD.in

19.Havetheyfinishedtheirhomework_____?A.too.B.yet.C.alreadyD.either.

20.--I___anEnglish–Chinesedictionary.When___you___it?

--Yesterdayafternoon.

A.havebought;did;buy

B.buy;do;buy

C.havebought;will;buy

D.buy;have;buy

二：用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞適當(dāng)形式填空1.Thisrecord_____(belong)tomybrother.

2.RobertisaChineseCanadian.He_____(live)inCanadafor15years.

3.Hehasn’t_____(finish)hishomeworkyet.

4.Weneedn’tgoinsuchahurry.Westillhavethirtyminutes______(left).

5.Ineedto_____(clean)mycupboard.Ihaven’tusedthethingsinitforlong.

6.Judyhasalready_____(finish)readingLittleWomen.

7.Haveyou_____(read)AliceinWonderlandyet?

8.Itoften______(snow)inNorthChinalastwinter.

句型鞏固1.HehasalreadygonetoNewYork.(變一般疑問句并回答)

____he_____toNewYork_