2023年上海市寶山區(qū)高三年級(jí)上冊(cè)期末英語(yǔ)試題及答案

2023年上海市寶山區(qū)高三上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題及答案

I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.

Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.The

conversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouheara

conversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,

anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻】

A.Cleaningthekitchen.B.Discussingakitchendesign.

C.Tryingtodrawamapofdinning.D.Paintingthediningroom.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Asyoucanseefromthedrawings,thekitchenhasonedoorintothedining

room,anotherintothefamilyroomandathirdtotheoutside.

W:Thedoorintothefamilyroomisn'tbigenough.Coulditbemadewider?

Q:Whatarethespeakersdoing?

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻】

A.Studyacomputerprogram.B.Checktheircomputerfiles.

C.Assembleacomputer.D.Makesomecomputation.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Haveyoueverputacomputertogetherbefore?

M:No,never.ButIthinkifwefollowtheseinstructionsexactly,wewon'thave

muchtrouble.

Q:Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻】

A.ItisfastertogotoNewYorkbytrain.

B.Itisnotalwayscheapergoingbybus.

C.Itismorecomfortableandconvenienttotakeabus.

D.ItisworththemoneytakingatraintoNewYork.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】W:TakingabustoNewYorkischeaperthangoingbytrain.

M:That'strue.ButI,dratherpaya1ittlemorefortheaddedcomfortand

convenience.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻】

A.Thewomanthinkshighlyofthespeaker.

B.Thewomanhasknownthespeakerforalongtime.

C.Themanhaddifficultyunderstandingthelecture.

D.Themanismakingacommentaboutnothing.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:Whataboringspeaker!Icouldhardlystayawake.

W:Woll,Idon'tknow.Infact,Ithinkit,sbeenalongtimesinceI'veheard

anyoneasgood.

Q:Whatdowe1earnfromtheconversation?

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻】

A.ShehasnotreadthenewsontheNet.B.Shehaseveryconfidencein

Susan.

C.SheisnotasbrightanddiligentasSusan.D.Sheisalittlebitsurprisedat

thenews.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:HaveyoureadthenewsontheCampusNe:?Susanhaswonthescholarship

fornextyear.

W:Iknewshewouldfromtheverybeginning.Sheabrillicintanddiligentgirl!She

certainlydeservesit.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

6.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻】

A.Getanewbusschedule.B.Readthenoticeonthewindow.

C.Goandasktheticketseller.D.BoardthebustoCleveland.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Thiscrazybusschedulehasgotmecompletelyconfused.Ican'tfigure

outwhenmybustoClevelandleaves.

M:Whydon'tyoujusttotheticketwindowandask?

Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

7.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻】

A.Janeworetheovercoatlastweek.B.Jane,ssisterisinthesame

classastheman.

C.Janemissedherclasslastweek.D.Jane'sovercoatisas

fashionableashersister,s.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M；Thisisafdishioiicibleovercoat.IsawyouwearingiIlassiweek,(Jidn,

tI?

W:Oh,thatwasn'tme.ThatwasmysisterJane.She*sinyourclass.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

8.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻】

A.Hewasfifteenwhenhetookoverthecompany.

B.Heismakingplanstoexpandhisoperation.

C.Heisaverysuccessfulbusinessman.

D.Hehaschangedhisbusinessstrategy.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:Howlonghaveyoubeenrunningthiscompany?

M:Fifteenyearsifyoucanbelievethat.Iboughtitfromasmalloperationtowhat

itistoday.

Q:Whatdowelearnabouttheman?

9.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻】

A.Themanandthewomanareworkingonajointproject.

B.Thewomanisgoingtomakehertopicmorefocused.

C.Ittookalotoftimetogetthemanontherighttrack.

I).Oneshouldchooseabroadtopicforaresearchpaper.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:Youareontherighttrack.Ijustthinkyouneedtonarrowthetopic

down.

W:Yeah,you'reright.IalwaysstartbychoosingtoobroadatopicwhenI'mcoing

aresearchpaper.

Q:Whatdowe1earnfromtheconversation?

10.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻】

A.Childrenshouldplaysportsatleastonceaweek.

B.Thewoman,skidscanplayfootballwithhisson.

C.Manychildrenfeelboredwhenloftalone.

D.Thewoman,ssonsmightenjoyteamsports.

【答案】I)

【解析】

【原文】W:Myboysarealwayscomplainingthatthey'rebored.

M:Whydon'tyougetthemintosometeamsports?Mysonanddaughterplayfootball

everySaturday.Andtheybothlookforwardtoitallweek.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelonger

conversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesand

theconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthe

questionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossible

answersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestion

youhaveheard.

聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小潁?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻】

11.

A.Tostartoffasa1istener.B.Tospeakrightaway.

C.Tolearnandlistenquietly.D.Totalkabouttheirlives.

12.

A.Theycanhearandappreciateinterestingvideos.

B.Theycandroptheirworriesandproblems.

C.Itcanhelppeoplemakemoreonlinefriends.

D.Theycanenjoythesafespaceforexpression.

13.

A.Toenabletheuserstoenjoymorefreedomtosayanything.

B.TofindawaylulxciukdiscussiuusandpiuLeeIusers.

C.Toprovideaspaceforhatefulspeechesandfalsestatements.

D.Totellwhethertheimpactoftheappishelpfulorharmful.

【答案】11.A12.B13.D

【解析】

【原文】Clubhouseisthelatestappthatistakingtheworldbystorm.11consists

ofroomswherepeopletalkaboutsettopicsoveraudioonly.Youstartoffasa

listener,soyouaren,tabletospeakrightaway.Butsometimesthebestwayto

learnistoslowdownandjustlisten.Thenyoucanquietlyconsiderwhatpeople

sayabouttheirwork,livesandexperiences.Youjustmightdiscoversomethingnew.

Thesedayspeoplehavemoreonlinefriendsthaneveryetarestilllonely.

Clubhousestandsoutfromotherappsinthewayithelpsusersengagewithothers.

Theycanlaughovercomnoninterestsorhavedeepdiscussions.Theycanfeelheard

andappreciated.Withoutvideo,theycanevendropsomeoftheirinsecuritiesand

saywhatthey'refee1ing.

Yetwiththissafespaceforexpression,problemscanoccur,too.Inaplace

whereyoucansayanything,somedon'tusetheirfreedomrightly.Hatefulspeech

andfalsestatementshavebecomeaproblemasClubhouse*smembershiphasgrown.

Movingforward,itisimportantforClubhousetofindawaytotrackdiscussions

andprotectusers.

Thisappwill1ikelycontinuetohaveagreatimpact.Onlytimewi11tel1whether

thatimpactishelpfulorharmful.

(Nowlistenagainplease.)

11.WhichofthefollowingisallowedaftertheusersjoinClubhouse?

12.WhyisClubhousepopu1arwithitsusers?

13.WhatimprovementdocsClubhouseneedtomakeaccordingtothespeaker?

聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻】

14.

A.Everyaction1eadstoaresult.B.Makingabigdecisionquietly

C.Askingpeersforhelpfuladvice.D.Sharingyouiconfidence

proudly.

15.

A.Todefinetheproblemyou'rescaredof.B.Tobrainstormothers*comments

C.Todecidewhatisrightforyou.D.Topostponetakingaction.

16.

A.Whatfactorsinvolvedinmakingabaddecision.

B.Howtomakegooddecisionsandavoidbadones.

C.Whypeopleusuallyhesitatetomakedecisions.

D.Howmanystepstobetakenbeforemakingdecisions.

【答案】14.A15.C16.B

【解析】

【原文】Oneofthebestskillsyoucanlearninlifeishowtomakegooddecisions.

Why?Becausebaddecisionsleadtodisappointmentandpain.Gooddecisions,onthe

otherhand,makeyoufeelhappyandsuccessful.

Sowhatfactorsgointomakingagooddecision?Therearethreetoconsider.

First,youneedtorealizethateveryactionhasaconsequence.Youshouldn,tmake

abigdecisionquickly.Second,talktoothers,especiallythosewhoareolderand

wiserthanyou.Theycangiveyouhelpfuladvice.Andfinally,checkyourconscience.

Besurethatyoucanfeciproudofthedecisionyouarcgoingtomake.

Whenitcomestodecisions,manypeoplehesitatetomakethem.Theymaybescared

ofmakingamistake.Theymaybeafraidofwhatotherpeoplewi11thinkoftheir

choice.Ifyouneedhelpmakingadecision,usethefollowingfoursteps.

First,youneedtodefinetheproblemyouarefacing.Thenextstepistothink

carefullyaboutthedecisionandbrainstormyourchoices.Third,youhaveto

determinewhatisrightforyou.Andfinally,actonyourdecisionassoonas

possible.

(Nowlistenagainplease.)

Questions:

14.Whcilduesthespeakersayaboutfactorsluuonssiderwhenmakingagooddecition?

15.Whatdoesthespeakeradviseyoutodowhenyouneedhelpmakingadecision?

16.What*sthespeakermainlytalkingabout?

聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻】

17.

A.Seeingamovie.B.Thebeststudyspot.

C.Acoffeeshop.D.Aschool1ibrary.

18.

A.Booksinthelibrarymakehimanxious.

B.Hardworkingstudentsarehisfavoritescenery.

C.Thesilenceoflibraryhelpshimconcentrate.

D.liefeelstheanxietyofstudyingatthelibrary.

19.

A.Acoffeeshophelpsherrelax.B.Toomuchcoffeemakesherfeel

sick.

C.Drinkingcoffeefailstokeepheralert.D.Abitofbackgroundnoise

affectsher.

20.

A.Togiveuptheirnoise-cancelingheadphones.

B.Todrinkcoffeewhiletheystudytogether.

C.Tobeequippedwithcomfortablechairs.

D.Toexchangetheirplacesforthebetterone.

【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.D

【解析】

【原文】M:Hey,Celia,doyouwanttogoseeamovietomorrow?

W:Sorry,Ian,Ican't.Ihavealotofstudyingtodo,soI'11beattheComfort

Cafeallday.

M:Hey!Whydon*tyouoomestudywithmeatthe1ibrary?Youknow-nearthebooks

andotherhardworkingstudents?

W;Idun'llikestudyingalthelibrary.Myfavoiileplacelutsludyisalucoffee

shop.

M:Why?Youcan,tconcentrateinacoffeeshop.Peoplearealwayswalkinginand

out,andthecoffeemachineissoloud!Plustherearealwayspeopletalking!

W:PeopleareusuallyprettyrespectfulattheComfortCafe.Besides,Ilikehaving

a1ittlebitofbackgroundnoisewhen1study.The1ibraryistooquiet.

M:1don'tthinkit'spossibleforastudyspottobetooquiet.When1'mstudying,

totalsilenceiswhathelpsmeconcentrate.

W:Coffeeiswhathelpsmeconcentrate.Drinkingccffeekeepsmealert,anditalso

improvesmymemory.

M:Toomuchcoffeemakesmefeelsickandanxious.

W:Studyingatthelibrarymakesmeanxious.Icanjustfeeltheanxietyofallthe

studentsstudyingfortests.

M:Thatdoesn,taffectme.

W:Well,itdoesaffectme.Therelaxedatmosphereofacoffeeshophelpsmerelax.

Achangeofsceneryrea11yhelpswhenyouhavealottodo.

M:That'swhyIlikethelibrary.Booksaremyfavoritescenery!

W:Coffeemachinesandcomfortablechairsaremyfavoritescenery.AssoonasIsmell

thecoffee,Iknowit'sgoingtobeaproductiveday.

M:Ihaveanidea.NexttimeIhaveanexam,I'11trystudyinginacoffeeshop.

Andyoucangivethelibraryanothershot,Thenwe*11knowwhichoneisbetter.

W:We11,IguessIcantryit.AslongasIcantakeacupofcoffeewithire!

M:AndI'IItakemynoise-cancelingheadphonestothecoffeeshop!

(Nowlistenagainplease.)

Questions:

1.Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?

2.Whatdoesthemansayabouthisfavoriteplace?

3.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherfavoriteplace?

4.Whataretheygoingtodoaccordingtotheiragreement?

II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA

Directions:Afterreddingthepassagebeluw,fillintheblankstoiiictkeIliepassage

coherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineach

blankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useoneword

thatbestfitseachblank.

RisingTotheChallenge

Cyclistsmustdigdeeptocompletewhat'sbeencalledthetoughestclimbin

theworld.TheyraceuptoWulingPeaktothefinishlineintheKingoftheMountain

(KOM)Challenge.EveryOctobersomeoftheworld'sbestcyclistsbattle

21thetitle.Startingatsealevel,therouteclimbstoaheightof3,

275metersattheend,covering105kilometers.

EversinceIstartedcyclingsevenyearsago,completingtheKOMclimb

22(be)agoalofmine.EveryyearIthoughtthatIneededtopreparefor

itandusedthatasmyexcuse.But23(look)back,IrealizeIwouldhave

beenfine.Cyclinguphillwasnoproblemformethen-itwasthrilling.Nowit'

sexhausting.

LastsummerIfinallydecidedtotakeonWulingwithsomefriends.Our

89-kilometerroutestartedatthebaseofthemountainandwasalittleshorter

thantheofficialKOMrace.Butit'sthefinal10kilometers24arethe

mostdemanding:Thisisthesteepestpart,25makesthec1inibsohard.

Webeganearlyinthemorningasagroupof17riders.Butonlythreeofus

wouldmakeittothetop.Asupportcarwasnecessary,especiallyonaridelike

this,26(help)keepusenergetic.

ThefirstpartoftheridewentthroughTarokoVailey,amagnificentpark.

I'vehikedthere,27I*vealwayswantedtobikeit.Isawdramaticrocky

outcrops,canyons,waterfallsandforestsasIzippedthroughthevalleyandup

themountainroad.EventhoughitwasAugust,theweatherwasperfect.

Unfortunately,thesupportcarthatcarriedourlunch28(delay).Bythe

timeitarrived,Iwasstarving.Beingconsumedofenergyevenforthatshorttime

affectedtherestofmyride.Whenthehardlast10kilometersarrived,Ireally

struggledtocomplete:hem.AtonepointI2gseehowclosethetopof

thepeakwas,butitsti11feltsofaraway.Fortunately,determinationcarried

metothefinish.30(exhaust),IconqueredWuling!Whatatremendous

feeling!

【答案】21.for

22.hasbeen

23.looking

24.that25.which

26.tohelp

27.but28.wasdelayed

29.could30.Exhausted

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇記敘文，作者以“迎接挑戰(zhàn)”這個(gè)標(biāo)寇開(kāi)始，描述了他騎自行車(chē)完成K0M

挑戰(zhàn)賽，并征服武陵的難忘的經(jīng)歷。

【21題詳解】

考查介詞。句意：每年10月，一些世界上最好的自行車(chē)選手都會(huì)爭(zhēng)奪冠軍。根據(jù)句意，本

句用的是battlefor（為…而戰(zhàn)）這個(gè)短語(yǔ)。選手是為冠軍稱號(hào)而戰(zhàn)的。故填for。

【22撅詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自從七年前我開(kāi)始騎自行車(chē)以來(lái)，完成K0U攀登一直是我的目標(biāo)。根

據(jù)Eversince可知，主旬是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合本句句意，空處需填have/hasbeer。乂

根據(jù)本句主語(yǔ)是completingtheKOMclimb,動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)看成單數(shù)。故填hasbeen。

【23題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：但是回想起來(lái)，我意識(shí)到我本來(lái)會(huì)很好的。分析句子:主語(yǔ)是I,

此空處的look是狀語(yǔ)，二者構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表主動(dòng)。故填looking.

【24題詳解】

考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：但正是這最后的10公里是最難的。分析句子成分可知，本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句

式Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他部分。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的關(guān)鍵是把Itis和that去掉以后句

子是完整的,這個(gè)符合強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的結(jié)構(gòu)，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)thefinal10kilometers,應(yīng)用that。

故填thato

【25題詳解】

考杳定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這是最陡的部分，這使得攀登如此困難。分析句子可知，本句是主從

句結(jié)構(gòu)，后面的從句修飾，引導(dǎo)詞指物做賓語(yǔ)，另外本句屬于非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，不能用

that。故填which。

[26題詳解】

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：一輛輔助車(chē)是必要的，尤其是在這樣的騎行中，以幫助我們保持活

力。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，中間部分是插入語(yǔ)，兩邊組成一個(gè)完整句子。本句中前面是主語(yǔ)+be幼

詞的結(jié)構(gòu)，后面動(dòng)詞不定式，作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填I(lǐng)。helpo

【27題詳解】

考查連詞。句意：我曾在那里徒步旅行，但我一更想騎自行車(chē)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)了

兩個(gè)完整的句子。因此空處用連詞，又因前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以but符合題意。故填but。

【28題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：不幸的是，運(yùn)送我們午餐的支援車(chē)被耽擱了。分析句子，本句中

的主語(yǔ)是thesupportcar,后面的that引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句修飾這個(gè)詞。設(shè)空處是句子的

謂語(yǔ)部分，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，這個(gè)事發(fā)生在過(guò)去了，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。另外，thesupportcar和

動(dòng)詞delay構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此此空用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，was/were+doneo另外，主:

語(yǔ)是單數(shù)。故填wasdelayed。

【29題詳解】

考杏情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：在某一點(diǎn)匕我可?以看到山頂有多近，但它仍然感覺(jué)很遙沅。分析句

子，設(shè)空前的“I”是句子主語(yǔ)，空后是動(dòng)詞原形see。在主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞原形之間只能考慮情

態(tài)動(dòng)詞了，再結(jié)合句意，作者是說(shuō)他能看到山頂，再結(jié)合全文的一般過(guò)去時(shí),故填could。

【30題詳解】

考查形容詞。句意：筋疲力盡，我征服了武陵！分析句子可知，本句是主謂賓的結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)

是I,謂語(yǔ)是conquered,賓語(yǔ)是Willing,此空出現(xiàn)在句首，和主句逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，且沒(méi)有連詞,

設(shè)空處是形容詞作狀語(yǔ)，修飾主語(yǔ)“我"。exhausted表示筋疲力盡的，一般修飾人，符合

題意。故填Exhausted。

SectionB

Directions:FillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromtheboxEachword

canbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed

A.potentiallyB.resultsC.rewardsD.sensitiveE.survival

F.transmitG.distinguishII.respondingI.developedJ.

consciousK.rapidly

Senseofsmellisourmostrapidwarningsystem

“Thehumanavoidanceresponsetounpleasantsmellsassociatedwithdanger

haslongbeenseenasa31perceivableprecess,butourstudyshowsFor

thefirsttimethatit'sunconsciousandextremelyrapid,“saysthestudy's

firstauthorBehzadIravani,researcherattheDepartmentofClinicalNeuroscience,

KarolinskaInstitute!.

Theorganrelatingtothesenseofsmelltakesupaboutfivepercentofthe

humanbrainandenablesusto32betweenmanymilliondifferentsmel1s.A

largeproportionofthesesmellsareassociatedwithathreattoourhealth

and33suchasthatofchemicalsandrottenfood.Smellsignalsreachthe

brainwithin100to150millisecondsafterbeingbreathedinthroughthenose.

Thesurvivalofalllivingorganismsdependsontheirabilitytoavoiddanger

andseek34Inhumans,thesmellsenseseemsparticularlyimportantfor

detectingandreactingto35harmfulsubstance.

Ithaslongbeenamysteryjustwhichsensorysystemsareinvolvedinthechange

ofanunpleasantsmellintoavoidancebehaviorinhunans.ResearchersatKarolinska

Institute!havenow36amethodthatforthefirsttimehasmadeitpossible

tomeasuresignalsfromthehumansmellorgan,whichprocessessmellsandinturn

can37signa1stopartsofthebrainthatcontrolmovementandavoidance

behavior.

Their38arebasedonthreeexperimentsinwhichparticipantswere

askedtoratetheirexperienceofsixdifferentsmells,somepositive,sone

negative,whiletheelectrophysiologicalactivityofthesmellorgan

when39toeachofthesmellswasmeasured.

“Itwasclearthattheorganreactsspecificallyand40tonegative

smellsandsendsadirectsignaltotheouterlayeroftheorganwithinabout300

ms,“saysthestudy*slastauthorJohanLundstrom."Thesignalcausestheperson

tounconsciouslyleanbackandawayfromthesourceofthesmell.w

【答案】31.J32.G

33.E34.C

35.A36.I

37F38.B

39.1140.K

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹嗅覺(jué)是我們最快速的預(yù)警系統(tǒng)。

【31題詳解】

考查形容訶作定語(yǔ)。句意：長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，人類對(duì)與危險(xiǎn)相關(guān)的難聞氣味的回避反應(yīng)一直被視為

一種有意識(shí)的可感知的過(guò)程，但我們的研究首次表明，它是無(wú)意識(shí)的，而且非常迅速。此處

用形容詞conscious“有意識(shí)的”作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞process。故選J。

【32題詳解】

考查不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句意：這個(gè)與嗅覺(jué)有關(guān)的器官約占人腦的5斬它使我們能夠區(qū)

分?jǐn)?shù)百萬(wàn)種不同的氣味。固定搭配：enablesb.todosth."使某人能夠做某事”，其中不

定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足沿：動(dòng)詞distinguish的意思是“區(qū)別，認(rèn)出”符合題意。故選G。

【33題詳解】

考杳名詞。句意：這些氣味中有很大一部分與對(duì)我們的健康和生存的威脅有關(guān)，比如化學(xué)物

質(zhì)和腐爛的食物。此處指對(duì)健康和“生存”構(gòu)成威脅，所以名詞survival“生存”符合題

意。故選E。

【34題詳解】

考查名詞作賓語(yǔ)。句意：所有牛?物的生存取決于它們規(guī)避危險(xiǎn)和尋求回報(bào)的能力。名詞

rewards的意思是“回報(bào)，酬謝”，在句中作動(dòng)詞seek的賓語(yǔ),表示“尋求回報(bào)”。故選C。

【35題詳解】

考查副詞修飾形容詞。句意：對(duì)人類來(lái)說(shuō)，嗅覺(jué)對(duì)于探測(cè)潛在的有害物質(zhì)并作出反應(yīng)似乎特

別重要。句中harmful是形容詞,由副詞potentially“潛在地”修飾，表示“潛在的有害

物質(zhì):故選A。

【36題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：卡羅林斯卡學(xué)院的研究人員現(xiàn)在開(kāi)發(fā)J'一種方法，首次使測(cè)量來(lái)自人

類嗅覺(jué)器官的信號(hào)成為可能。人類嗅覺(jué)器官處理氣味，然后將信號(hào)傳遞到大腦中控制運(yùn)動(dòng)和

逃避行為的部分。該句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示“已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)了一種方法"，所以developed符合

題意。故選I。

【37題詳解】

考查及物動(dòng)詞。句意：卡羅林斯卡學(xué)院的研究人員現(xiàn)在開(kāi)發(fā)J'一種方法，首次使測(cè)量來(lái)自人

類嗅覺(jué)器官的信號(hào)成為可能。人類嗅覺(jué)器官處理氣味，然后將信號(hào)傳遞到大腦中控制運(yùn)動(dòng)和

逃避行為的部分。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can后面跟動(dòng)詞原形，此處表示“傳遞”信號(hào)，所以及物動(dòng)詞

transmit"傳遞"符合題意。故選F。

【38題詳解】

考查名詞作主語(yǔ)。句意：他們的結(jié)果是基「三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的。在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，參與者被要求對(duì)他

們對(duì)六種不同氣味（一些是積極的，一些是消極的）的體驗(yàn)打分，同時(shí)測(cè)量了嗅覺(jué)器官對(duì)每種

氣味做出反應(yīng)時(shí)的電生理活動(dòng)。此處指他們的“結(jié)果”，所以名詞results“結(jié)果”符合題

意。故選Bo

【39題詳解】

考查現(xiàn)在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，句意：他們的結(jié)果是基于三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的。在實(shí)驗(yàn)中，參與者被

要求對(duì)他們對(duì)六種不同氣味（一些是積極的，一些是消極的）的體驗(yàn)打分，同時(shí)測(cè)最了嗅覺(jué)器

官對(duì)每種氣味做出反應(yīng)時(shí)的電生理活動(dòng)。固定短語(yǔ)：respondto”回應(yīng)，響應(yīng)”，此處是現(xiàn)

在分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。故選H。

【40題詳解】

考查副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。句意：很明顯，這個(gè)器官對(duì)負(fù)面氣味的反應(yīng)特別迅速，并在大約300

亳秒內(nèi)向器官的外層發(fā)出直接信號(hào)。此處指反應(yīng)特別迅速，所以副詞rapidly“訊速地”符

合題意。故選K.

III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA

Directions:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrases

markedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfits

thecontext.

Whilepeoplewhoarebothtrustworthyandcapablearethemostsoughtafter

whenitcomestoteamassembly,friendlinessandtrustworthinessarcoftenmore

importantfactorsthanability.

“Weassumethatpeopleare41forimportanttaskforcesandteairs

becauseoftheknowledge,skillsandabilitiestheybringtothetable.However,

thisresearchsuggeststhatpeoplemayoftengetpickedbecauseteammembers

feel12withthem,“saidCynthiaMaupin,assistantprofessorof

organizationalbehaviorandleadershipinBinghamtonUniversity'sSchoolof

Management.**Peoplemaybewillingto43abitintermsofperformancein

ordertohaveareallypositiveteamexperience.n

MaupinandhercolleaguesfocusedonagroupofMBAstudentstoconducttheir

study.Studentswere44assignedtoteamsatthebeginningofthesemester

toworkonclassprojectsandassignments.Towardthoendofthesomostorstudents

wereaskedtoformtheirownteamsand45whytheyselectedeachmember

oftheirgroup.

“Wewantedtofindoutwhatpeopledidto46toothersthattheymight

besomeonewhowouldbegoodtoteamupwithinthefuture,“Maupinsaid.

Theresearchers47lookedathowstudentssignaledtheirhumancapital,

theabilitytodotheirtaskswell,andtheirsocialcapital,the48t。which

theywerefriendlyandtrustworthy,tootherstudentsbystudyingtheiruseof

eitherchailengingorsupportivevoice:

?Challengingvoice:Communicatinginawaythatchallengesthepresent

circumstancesandis49newideasandefficiency.

?Supportivevoice:Communicatinginawaythat50socialticsand

trust,andbuiIdsfriendlyunityofateam.

Theresearchersfoundthatpeoplewho51bothabi1ities,throughthe

useofchcillengingvoice,andtrustworthiness,throughtheuseofsupportivevoice,

werethemostin-demandpeoplewhenitcameto52teams.

“Asmightbeexpected,anyonewhowasverystrongintermsofsignalingboth

theirhumanandsocialcapitalwereextremelysoughtafter.They'redoingall

therightthingsto53thatthey,rebothtrustworthyandagoodworker,M

Maupinsaid.

However,theresearchersfoundthatstudentswhoonlyexhibitedsocialcapital

through54voiceweremoresoughtafterthanthosewhoonlysignaledtheir

abilitythroughtheuseofchallengingvoice.

“Ourfindingssuggestthatwhenpeoplefeel1iketheycantrustyou,even

ifyou'renot55thebestworker,they'regoingtobemorelikelyto

wanttoworkwithyou,“Maupinsaid."Theyknowthattherearelikelytobefewer

interpersonalissuesinthatcase.”

41.A.qualifiedB.selectedC.examinedD.

accounted

42.A.dissatisfiedB.favouriteC.permanentD.

comfortable

43.A.sacrificeB.exchangeC.prohibitD.

contribute

44.A.deliberatelyB.originallyC.randomlyD.

purposefully

45.A.bargainB.assessC.negotiateD.

neglect

46.A.signalB.contributeC.devote1).manage

47.A.indefinitelyB.frequentlyC.considerablyD.

specifically

48.A.occasionB.missionC.degreeD.

opinion

49.A.engagedinB.focusedonC.gottenacrossD.tai<cn

off

50.A.adjustsB.decreasesC.monitorsI).

strengthens

51.A.exliibiledB.developedC.evalualedD.

concealed

52.A.separatingB.dominatingC.assemblingD.

maintaining

53.A.establishB.resolveC.analyze1).

estimate

b4.A.challengingB.moderateC.healthfulD.

supportive

55.A.doubtfullyB.necessarilyC.questionablyD.

fortunately

【答案】41.B42.D43.A44.C45.B46.A47.D48.C49.

B50.D51.A52.C53.A54.D