高中英語《選擇性必修第三冊(cè)》課后習(xí)題第四單元測(cè)評(píng)

第四單元測(cè)評(píng)(時(shí)間:100分鐘滿分:120分)第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2021·山東濰坊高二期末)TheUSisblessedwithmanyofnationalparksthatarehometosomeofthemostbreathtakinglandscapesonEarth.SequoiaNationalPark

DateofEstablishment:September25,1890

TotalArea:1,635.19km2Theplaceishometothelargesttreesintheworld.Hikingroutescrossingthesequoiagroves(紅杉林)willtakeyounearthesehugetrees.Theseawe-inspiringforestsfilledwithtoweringtreesareasighttosee.YosemiteNationalPark

DateofEstablishment:October1,1890

TotalArea:3,028.81km2ItsmaindrawistheYosemiteValleythatlooksbeautifulwithitsjaw-droppingscenery.Betweenglacially(冰川地)sculptedcliffs(懸崖)andthetoweringwaterfallsstretchingoutofthesideofthemountains,youreyeswillbetreatedtomanynaturalwonders.TheplacewasnamedasaUNESCOWorldHeritagesitein1984.MountRainierNationalPark

DateofEstablishment:March2,1899

TotalArea:956.60km2Establishingthisnationalparkwastheendofalongbattlebyenvironmentaliststopreservetheuniqueforestandglaciallandscapefoundhere.MountRainierisanicyactivevolcano.CraterLakeNationalPark

DateofEstablishment:May22,1902

TotalArea:741.48km2ManyvisitorscometothisparktoseeCraterLake,thedeepestlakeintheUS.Thewaterappearsinvariousshadesofblue.Itissurroundedbytoweringcliffsandsourcesitswaterfromrainandsnow.Itsitsinthemiddleofadeadvolcano,somanyspectacularvolcanicformationscanalsobefoundhere.1.Whichofthefollowingistheoldestnationalpark?A.SequoiaNationalPark. B.YosemiteNationalPark.C.CraterLakeNationalPark. D.MountRainierNationalPark.2.WhatdoYosemiteNationalParkandMountRainierNationalParkhaveincommon?A.Activevolcanoes. B.Glaciallandscapes.C.Toweringwaterfalls. D.WorldHeritagesites.3.WhatcanweknowaboutCraterLake?A.Itisthedeepestlakeintheworld.B.Itswatercomesfromtheunderground.C.Itliesinthecenterofadeadvolcano.D.Itswaterpresentsvariousshadesofcolors.B(2021·江蘇三市聯(lián)考)JuliaKochbeganhersecondyearasafirst-gradeteacherinavirtualclassroomatEdgewoodElementarySchoolinMuskegonHeights,Michigan.OneSeptemberafternoonafewweeksintotheschoolyear,shereceivedacallfromCynthiaPhillips,whowashavingtechnicaldifficultieswithhergranddaughter’stoolsforonlinelearning.KochimmediatelyknewsomethingwaswrongwithPhillips.Thetwowomenhadspokennumeroustimesbefore,butKochhadneverheardthegrandmothersoundquitelikethis.HerwordsweresojumbledthatKochcouldbarelyunderstandher,thoughshewasabletomakeoutthatPhillipshadfallenfourtimesthatday.Kochcalledherprincipal,CharlieLovelady,whoassuredherthathewouldcallandcheckonPhillipshimself.JustlikeKoch,LoveladycouldbarelyunderstandPhillips.Hesuspectedshemightbehavingastroke—herecognizedthesignsfromwhenhisownfatherhadsufferedone.LoveladywasabletomakeoutthewordkidsandimmediatelybecameconcernedthatPhillips’stwograndchildren,agessixandeight,wereprobablyhomealonewithher—sheistheirprimaryguardian—andscared.Loveladyaskedhisofficemanagertosendanambulancetothegrandmother’shome.ThenLoveladycalledVandiebiltMathewsandKeytriaBurt-Walker,twodeansintheschooldistrict,totellthemwhatwasgoingon.Bothofthemdroppedeverythinganddrovetothefamily’shome.Whentheypulleduplessthantenminuteslater,theEMTsweretreatingPhillipswhilethetwogirls,lookingvisiblyshaken,wereoutsidewithaneighbor.ThequickresponsefromKochandLoveladysavedPhillips’slife.Shearrivedatthehospitalintimetogettreatmentandbeforechronicdamageoccurred.“Ifitwasn’tforthem,Iwouldn’tbehere,”saidPhillipsfromherhospitalbedaboutamonthafterherstroke.Thankstoanextendedstayinthehospital,shehasregainedmostofthemovementthroughoutherbodyexceptforonehandandaportionofhermouth,whichaffectsherspeech.Virtuallearninghasbeenachallengeacrossthecountry,butit’sfairtosaythatinMuskegonHeightsithashelpedthecommunitygrowcloser.Manyteacherstheregavetheirpersonalphonenumberstostudentsandfamiliesincasetheyneededextrahelp.Inthiscase,theexchangewasliterallylife-altering.4.WhatdidKochfoundwhenshereceivedPhillips’scall?A.Phillipshaddifficultieswithonlinelearning.B.Phillipscouldbarelyunderstandher.C.Phillipshadfallenforalongtime.D.Phillipscouldn’texpressherselfclearly.5.HowdidLoveladyhelptosavePhillips’slife?A.Hesentanambulancetoherhome.B.Heofferedhertreatmentintime.C.Hedrovehertothehospitalimmediately.D.Hemadeaquickresponsetoherdisease.6.WhatisoneofthebadeffectsthestrokeleftonPhillips?A.Shecouldnotmoveaboutproperly.B.Shecouldnotspeakclearly.C.Shecouldnothavemealsproperly.D.Shecouldnotuseherhandsasbefore.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”(LastParagraph)referto?A.Phonenumbers. B.Teachers.C.Studentsandfamilies. Dmunities.C(2021·安徽宿州高二期末)OnSept.21,2020,scientistsannouncedthatArcticseaicehasalreadylosttwo-thirdsofitsamountoverthepastfourdecades.Itispartofashockingtrendinpolarheatingthatisalreadyseeingimpactsacrosstheglobe.Throughoutthespringandsummer,Arcticseaicemeltedawayfasterthanitusuallydoes,causingthelargestlossofArcticseaicecoversincesatelliterecordsbeganinthe1970s.Thisyear’sminimumwasreachedonSeptember15,at3.74millionm2comparedwiththepreviouslow—4.17millionm2—setin2007.What’scausingthislossofseaice?Theshortanswerisourheatingclimate.Arecentstudyshowedthattheinfluenceofheathasmorethandoubledoverthepastdecadeorso,whichmeansthemeltingofnearlyameterthicknessofseaiceeachyear.ThebiggesteffectsofthelossofArcticseaice,ofcourse,willbefeltlocally:fromthemorepossiblesnowfalltomorestormswithstrongerwinds.Thesewillalsocausewavesaswellasrisingtemperatures.Infact,theincreasedtemperaturestransformednorthernforestsintotinderboxesreadytoburn.ThatmeltalsomeanspolarbearsarelosingcriticalhabitatandInuithuntersarelosingicetopreservetheirtraditionsandculture.Onalargerscale,thegreatestimpactmaybethechangesintheArctic’sabilityiofunctionasacoolingsystemfortheglobalocean.AwarmerArcticwillaffectthetemperaturedifferencesbetweenthenorthernpolarregionandareasfurthersouth.Thatmay,inturn,createstrongerheatwaves,droughts,floodsandpotentialimpactsonfarming.Andallofuswillbemoreexposedtothedisastrouseffectsofclimatebreakdown.WeneedtohittheresetbuttonrightnowonhowwelookaftereachotherandArcticseaicetohelpourplanetcopewiththeclimatebreakdown.8.Whatdothefiguresinparagraph2showus?A.Thewaysofseaicemelting. B.Thereasonsforseaicemelting.C.Thebigfallintheamountofseaice. D.Thegreatdamageofseaicemelting.9.WhatmayhappenduetotheArcticseaiceloss?A.Thereductionofsnowfall. B.Theglobalclimateemergency.C.Thedirectoutbreakofforestfires. D.ThedisappearanceofInuithunters.10.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Stressingtheimportanceofoceans.B.Warningpeopleofthepossiblerisks.C.Puttingforwardsomeusefulmeasures.D.AppealingtothepublictoprotectArcticseaice.11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Theearthisfacingacatastrophe.B.Climatebreakdownisontheway.C.GlobalheatingseesArcticseaiceloss.D.Arcticseaiceisimportantformankind.DItwasMay23,2016.Arnot,the32-year-oldmountainguide,reachedthetopofQomolangmawithouttheuseofoxygen(O2)equipment.Itwasachievedaftersevenyears,threepreviousattempts,andfourteenstraighthoursofclimbing.After15minutesatthetop,Arnotbeganherdescent(下坡).Eighthourslater,shereachedthecampat7,600metresandbecamethefirstAmericanwoman—andonlytheseventhwomanever—tosuccessfullyreachMountQomolangmawithoutoxygenequipment.“Therearesomanyreasonsforherimpressiveachievement,especiallythephysicalandemotionaleffortsthatshehasputforthovertheyearstomakethishappen,”saystheprofessionalclimberandphotographerRichards.“Thementalcouragethatitrequiresissomethingveryfewpeoplehave.”Arnotdidn’tstartclimbinguntilshewas19yearsold.Moneywastightinherfamily,andclimbingmountainsneveroccurredinhermind.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Arnotwasinvitedbyherfriendtoclimbamountain.“Ittotallychangedmylife,”saysArnot.“Ialwaysknowthatifyouwantsomething,youcanachieveit,butknowingwhatyouwantisawholedifferentthing,”shesays.“Iamathleticbutnotcompetitive.Aftermyfirstclimbing,IknewimmediatelythatmountainsarewhatIwant—asthatiswhereIfelthomeforthefirsttimeinmylife.”Afterthatfirstclimb,shedevotedherselftolearninghowtoclimbandmovethroughmountain.ItwasduringhersecondtriptoQomolangmain2009thatshefirstsethersightsonano-oxygenattempt.However,whilehikingintoQomolangmaBaseCampthatyear,shehurtherlegandwasn’tabletoclimbwithoutoxygen.In2013shenearlymadeittothetop,butwasforcedtotakeoxygenat8,504metreswhilehelpinganotherclimber.WhenArnotfinallystoodatopQomolangma,shecalledherbestfriend,“IreachedthetopandI’mnotusinganyoxygen.”Then,tearsbegantostreamdownfromhereyes.SomuchofArnot’slifehasbeenaboutpushingthelimitsofherabilities,andinthiscase,shehasalsopushedupagainsttheouterlimitsofthehumanspirit.12.OnMay23,2016,Arnot.

A.spent8straighthoursclimbingB.stayedatthetopfor50minutesC.madeherfirstattempttoclimbQomolangmaD.reachedthetopwithoutoxygenequipment13.Arnotfellinlovewithclimbingbecause.

A.moneywasnolongeraproblemtoherB.mountainsgaveherthefeelingofcomfortC.shetriedtobemoreathleticandcompetitiveD.shewantedtobuildupherbodythroughclimbing14.WhatdoweknowaboutArnot’sclimbingexperience?A.Shetookupclimbingwhenshewas19yearsold.B.Shehasalwaysbeenagoodclimbersinceherchildhood.C.SheclimbedQomolangmawithherfamilyduringherfirsttrip.D.Shehurtherlegbadlywhilehelpinganotherclimberin2009.15.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeArnot?A.Determinedandbrave. B.Cautiousandhonest.C.Caringandopen-minded. D.Confidentandcreative.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2020·河南南陽(yáng)高二期末)Practiceself-controlbysettinggoalsandstickingtothemMakeyourgoalsspecificandlong-term.Psychologystudieshaveshownthatabstract(抽象的),big-picturethinkingleadstoself-control.Insteadoffocusingonthemoment,looktowardbiggergoalslikesuccessinschoolorsports.16

●Writedownyourgoalsandhangthemupwhereyoucanseethemregularly.17

●Makebehavioralgoalstoomittobehavingyourselfinpublicandnothavinganyunintendedoutbursts.●18GetstraightA’s,keeppracticingguitaruntilyou’recomfortableenoughtoplayagig,orexercisefourtimesaweek.Sticktoyourgoalsseriously.

●Whenyouaretobreakapromiseoragoal,takeadeepbreathandthinkaboutwhyyousetthegoalinthefirstplace.Thatlongtermcommitmentismoreimportantthanyourmomentaryimpulse(沖動(dòng)).●Makesureyourgoalsarespecific.19

●Trysettingupapunishmentandrewardsystemforyourself.20Likewise,ifyoudecidetoskipaworkout,makeupforitbyworkingouttwiceaslongthenextday.Practiceslikethesewillleadtocontroloveryourdesiresandactions.

●Makespecificlong-termgoalswithspecificshort-termwaystoachievethem.A.Keepyourgoalspositive.B.Remindyourselfofyourgoalsregularly.C.Generalgoalsaremucheasiertoforgetabout.D.Focusingonthefuturewillhelpyoubehaveinthepresent.E.Moveuptohardergoalslikemakingthestartingbasketballteam.F.Ifyougoaweekstickingtoastrictdiet,giveyourselfa“cheatday”.G.Stickwithyourgoalsandsoonyou’llbeintotalcontrolofyourthoughtsandactions.第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(2021·山東德州二模)Itightlyheldtheseatundermeasthejeepracedforward,bouncingmeintotheair.I,abookishManhattanite,21solonorthoftheArcticCircletotheSwedishLapland.Ididn’twantto22myfortiethbirthdayasadayIwaschainedwithmyofficework.Feelinganurgencytolivelifetothe23,Iansweredthecallofthewild.

IbookedaHuskysleddingtourand24myselfthatIwouldbesafeonthejourney.Yet,Istilldoubtedmyabilitytosteerthe25dogs.Whatifthesledstoppedhalfwayandthe26begantocrackunderus?

Afterstrugglingintomultiplelayersofclothing,Iboardedandlookedlikeafatmonster.WiththepackofHuskies,eruptinginthe27ofbarksandhowls,Ihittheopenroughroad.Whilespeedingdown,Icouldevenhearthesnowcrunchingunderus.With28eyes,Itriedtoavoidanypossibledangers.Ididn’twanttoputmyownlife29.

Eventually,thepackofHuskieshadbroughtmy30intotheunknown.Avaststretchofwildopenedbeforeus.Tallconifers(松柏)31atunneloftrees.Idesiredtocatchaglimpseofthenativewildlife—thequietmoose,thearcticfox,themagicalreindeer,whichseemedstraightfromastorybook.Iwassearching,liketheHuskies,allsenses32,eagerforadventure.

Istrainedmyeyesasfarastheycouldsee33pathsmetmilky-whitesky.Perhapstheearthandtheheavenwereone.Perhapslifewasn’tsomuchabout34thereins(韁繩)butlettinggoandtrustingtheadventure.Perhapsweevenneedalittleroughweather,theslipperysnow,toexperiencethe35ofchallengingthewild.

21.A.hiked B.settled C.traveled D.dreamed22.A.getalongwith B.lookbackon C.makeupfor D.keepupwith23.A.fullest B.largest C.fairest D.coldest24.A.requested B.declared C.forgave D.convinced25.A.freezing B.emotional C.dangerous D.energetic26.A.car B.ice C.rock D.air27.A.noise B.sight C.record D.song28.A.watchful B.sensitive C.patient D.generous29.A.withease B.undercontrol C.atrisk D.inreturn30.A.thought B.work C.future D.journey31.A.grew B.created C.lifted D.covered32.A.alert B.absent C.dull D.obvious33.A.muddy B.snowy C.tough D.busy34.A.loosening B.fixing C.tightening D.breaking35.A.pain B.sorrow C.hope D.joy第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2021·浙江麗水高二期末)Arewealoneintheuniverse?Scientistshavespentyears36.(search)deepintospaceforsignsoflifebeyondourplanet.Nowthey’vediscoveredwhatmightbelifeonVenus.

Venusisthesecondplanetfromthesuninoursolarsystem.It’soneofthebrightest37.(object)inthenightsky.Severalbillionyearsago,thesurfacesofVenusandEarthmayhavebeen38.(much)similarthannow.Buttoday,thesurfaceofVenusistoohotforlife.Anduntilrecently,Venus’sthickcloudswerethoughttobetoopoisonousforalivingthing39.(survive)there.

40.September14,inthejournalNatureAstronomy,scientistsreportedthediscoveryofachemical41.(call)phosphine(磷化氫)inthecloudsofVenus.OnEarth,phosphinegas42.(give)offbylivingthings.Scientistsaren’tyetabletoprovethatlifeonVenusis43.isproducingthephosphine.Buttheycan’texplainthesourceofthegasinanyotherway.

ThediscoveryoflifebeyondEarthwouldteachusmoreabouttheuniverse44.ourplaceinit.ToSousa-Silva,HarvardUniversityastrochemist,itwouldsaysomethingaboutour45.(important).“Ilikefindingoutthatweashumansaren’tthatspecial,”shesays.

第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)(2021·山東泰安高二期末)“中華泰山成人禮”倡導(dǎo)全市高中生登泰山活動(dòng)已經(jīng)啟動(dòng),你們班決定近期組織參加。假設(shè)你是班長(zhǎng)李華,請(qǐng)你用英語擬定一份活動(dòng)方案,內(nèi)容包括:1.集合時(shí)間、地點(diǎn);2.行程安排;3.注意事項(xiàng)。注意:1.詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.文中不要出現(xiàn)真實(shí)校名、班級(jí)。

第二節(jié)(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。(2021·山東濟(jì)南高二期末)Onesunnyafternoon,Janes,aseven-year-oldgirlwhoseparentswenttotheirfarmtoharvestcorns,waslefthomewiththeirdog,Yeller.Feelingratherbored,shedecidedtogooutforanadventurealone.Withatoyguninherhandandawhistlearoundherneck,Janecrossedalargeareaofgrasslandintothewoodsbeforesherealizedthatshewaslost.Sittingonarockandwonderingwhattodo,Janebegancrying.Afterawhile,shedecidedtowalkalongawidepathlinedwithtalltreesandthickbushes.Itwasgettingdark,butshestillcouldn’tfindherwayhome.Suddenly,sheheardastrangenoise,whichwasactuallythesoundofwindblowingleaves.Sheranquicklyinthewoodsuntiltherewasnoroadaheadbutariver.Shelosthertoygunwhilerunning.Coldandscared,Janesatdownneartheriverandfellasleepagainstatree.Herparentswerebackfromworkbutcouldnotfindtheirdaughter.DeeplyworriedaboutJane’ssafety,theylockedthedoorandwentouttosearchforher.Theirdog,Yeller,wasleftathome.Henoticedsomethingwaswrongbecauseitwasdarkbuttherewasnobodyhome.HesensedthatJanewasindanger.Hetriedtogetout,butthedoorwaslocked.Hejumpedthroughawindow,lookedinthefieldsbutcouldn’tfindheranywhere.However,fromthegroundcameafamiliarsmellasheloweredhishead.Hefollowedthesmellandwalkedacrossthegrasslanduntilhefoundthetoygun.ButJanewasnotthere.Thedogcircledaroundthewoods,barkingloudlyintotheair.注意:續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。JaneopenedhereyesandheardYellerbarkingnearby.

Weakandhungry,JanewalkedbackhomewithYellerleadingtheway.

答案：【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章分別介紹了美國(guó)的四座有著悠久歷史的國(guó)家公園,也介紹了每個(gè)公園擁有的怡人風(fēng)景。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)四個(gè)國(guó)家公園的“DateofEstablishment”可知,SequoiaNationalPark為“September25,1890”,YosemiteNationalPark為“October1,1890”,MountRainierNationalPark為“March2,1899”,CraterLakeNationalPark為“May22,1902”。通過四個(gè)公園建立的時(shí)間的對(duì)比可知,SequoiaNationalPark是建立時(shí)間最早的,因此是最古老的。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)YosemiteNationalPark標(biāo)題下的“Betweenglaciallysculptedcliffsandthetoweringwaterfallsstretchingoutofthesideofthemountains”以及MountRainierNationalPark標(biāo)題下的“glaciallandscape”可知,YosemiteNationalPark和MountRainierNationalPark這兩座公園都有冰川風(fēng)景。3.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CraterLakeNationalPark標(biāo)題下的“Itsitsinthemiddleofadeadvolcano.”可知,CraterLake位于一座死火山的中心。【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。CynthiaPhillips給Koch老師打電話咨詢?cè)诰€學(xué)習(xí)工具的技術(shù)問題時(shí),Koch通過Phillips的說話聲音察覺到異樣,意識(shí)到Phillips可能有麻煩。Koch給校長(zhǎng)打電話,校長(zhǎng)判斷Phillips可能中風(fēng)了。Phillips被及時(shí)送往醫(yī)院,避免了嚴(yán)重后果的發(fā)生。4.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“HerwordsweresojumbledthatKochcouldbarelyunderstandher,thoughshewasabletomakeoutthatPhillipshadfallenfourtimesthatday.”可知,當(dāng)Koch接到Phillips的電話后,她發(fā)現(xiàn)Phillips不能清楚地表達(dá)自己。5.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Loveladyaskedhisofficemanagertosendanambulancetothegrandmother’shome.ThenLoveladycalledVandiebiltMathewsandKeytriaBurt-Walker,twodeansintheschooldistrict,totellthemwhatwasgoingon”可知,Lovelady對(duì)Phillips的病做了迅速的反應(yīng),幫助挽救了Phillips的生命。6.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Thankstoanextendedstayinthehospital,shehasregainedmostofthemovementthroughoutherbodyexceptforonehandandaportionofhermouth,whichaffectsherspeech.”可知,中風(fēng)給Phillips留下的一個(gè)壞影響是她說話不清楚。7.C代詞指代題。根據(jù)“Manyteacherstheregavetheirpersonalphonenumberstostudentsandfamiliesincasetheyneededextrahelp.”可知,根據(jù)就近指代原則,此處的they指的是“studentsandfamilies”?！菊Z篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。2020年9月21日,科學(xué)家宣布,在過去40年里,北極海冰已經(jīng)減少了三分之二。這是令人震驚的極地變暖趨勢(shì)的一部分,已經(jīng)在全球范圍內(nèi)產(chǎn)生影響。8.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thisyear’sminimumwasreachedonSeptember15,at3.74millionm2comparedwiththepreviouslow—4.17millionm2—setin2007.”可知,第二段中的數(shù)字告訴我們海冰數(shù)量大幅下降。9.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段中提道:北極變暖會(huì)影響北極地區(qū)和更南部地區(qū)的氣溫差異。這可能反過來會(huì)造成更嚴(yán)重的高溫、干旱、洪水以及對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的潛在影響。我們所有人都將更多地受到氣候崩潰的災(zāi)難性影響。由此可知,北極海冰消融會(huì)導(dǎo)致全球氣候緊急情況。10.D主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“WeneedtohittheresetbuttonrightnowonhowwelookaftereachotherandArcticseaicetohelpourplanetcopewiththeclimatebreakdown.”可知,最后一段主要呼吁公眾保護(hù)北極海冰。11.C主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,在過去40年里,北極海冰已經(jīng)減少了三分之二。這是令人震驚的極地變暖趨勢(shì)的一部分,已經(jīng)在全球范圍內(nèi)產(chǎn)生影響。由此可知,“全球變暖導(dǎo)致北極海冰融化”最符合文章標(biāo)題?！菊Z篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。19歲才開始登山的阿諾特在第一次登山后就愛上了這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。之后,她全身心地投入到學(xué)習(xí)如何爬山和穿越高山之中。經(jīng)過數(shù)次的困難和挑戰(zhàn),終于在2016年5月23日,32歲的阿諾特在沒有使用氧氣設(shè)備的情況下登上了珠穆朗瑪峰。12.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“ItwasMay23,2016.Arnot,the32-year-oldmountainguide,reachedthetopofQomolangmawithouttheuseofoxygen(O2)equipment.”可知,2016年5月23日,32歲的阿諾特在沒有使用氧氣設(shè)備的情況下登上了珠穆朗瑪峰峰頂。13.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Aftermyfirstclimbing,IknewimmediatelythatmountainsarewhatIwant—asthatiswhereIfelthomeforthefirsttimeinmylife.”可知,阿諾特愛上登山是因?yàn)榈巧阶屗谝淮斡屑业母杏X,即山給了她家一樣的舒適和安慰感。14.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Arnotdidn’tstartclimbinguntilshewas19yearsold.”可知,阿諾特直到19歲才開始登山。15.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句與第三句可知,阿諾特第一次爬山之后,她全身心地投入到學(xué)習(xí)如何爬山和穿越高山之中;雖然腿受了傷無法進(jìn)行無氧登山,但她還是沒有放棄登山,這說明了阿諾特非常有決心。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句中的“SomuchofArnot’slifehasbeenaboutpushingthelimitsofherabilities”可知,阿諾特一生的大部分時(shí)間都在挑戰(zhàn)自己的能力極限,這說明了阿諾特非常勇敢?！菊Z篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了制定目標(biāo)的重要性。16.D上文“Insteadoffocusingonthemoment,looktowardbiggergoalslikesuccessinschoolorsports.”指出我們要將眼光放長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)。D選項(xiàng)“著眼于未來將有助于你現(xiàn)在的表現(xiàn)。”符合語境,且D選項(xiàng)中的“thefuture”與上文的“themoment”形成邏輯對(duì)比關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。17.B上文“Writedownyourgoalsandhangthemupwhereyoucanseethemregularly.”說明要將自己設(shè)立的目標(biāo)掛在顯眼的地方以提醒自己。B選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)常提醒自己你的目標(biāo)?！狈衔囊?。18.A根據(jù)下文“GetstraightA’s,keeppracticingguitaruntilyou’recomfortableenoughtoplayagig,orexercisefourtimesaweek.”可知,設(shè)空處內(nèi)容應(yīng)當(dāng)和頻率有關(guān),且頻率應(yīng)當(dāng)較高。所填的句子位于段首,應(yīng)當(dāng)起總領(lǐng)的作用,A選項(xiàng)“積極地保持你的目標(biāo)。”可作為主題句。19.C通過上文主題句“Makesureyourgoalsarespecific.”可知,后面的句子應(yīng)當(dāng)與目標(biāo)明確有關(guān)。C選項(xiàng)“一般性的籠統(tǒng)目標(biāo)更容易忘記。”與前面的目標(biāo)明確形成對(duì)比。20.F根據(jù)上文“Trysettingupapunishmentandrewardsystemforyourself.”可知,前面提到了獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和懲罰,那么設(shè)空處應(yīng)當(dāng)講述獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和懲罰的一些方式、案例。F選項(xiàng)“如果你堅(jiān)持一周嚴(yán)格節(jié)食,可以給自己一個(gè)‘放松日’?！闭檬恰蔼?jiǎng)懲制度”的體現(xiàn)?！菊Z篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章結(jié)合作者一個(gè)人獨(dú)自穿越北極的經(jīng)歷,最后指出人生需要的不是勒緊韁繩,而是放手,要相信冒險(xiǎn),體驗(yàn)大自然的樂趣。21.C根據(jù)下文“solonorthoftheArcticCircletotheSwedishLapland”可知,作者獨(dú)自進(jìn)行了長(zhǎng)途旅行(traveled)。22.B根據(jù)下文“myfortiethbirthdayasadayIwaschainedwithmyofficework”可知,此處指作者不想回顧(lookedbackon)40歲生日時(shí)被看作是鎖在辦公室里的一天。23.Aliveone’slifetothefullest“充實(shí)的生活”。tothefullest意為“盡情地,最大限度地”。24.D根據(jù)下文“Iwouldbesafeonthejourney”可知,此處指作者讓自己相信(convinced)旅途是安全的。25.D根據(jù)下文“WiththepackofHuskies,eruptingintheofbarksandhowls”可知,此處指作者懷疑自己是否有能力駕馭這些精力充沛的(energetic)狗。

26.B根據(jù)“begantocrackunderus”中的“crack”可知,此處指冰(ice)開始裂開。27.A根據(jù)下文“ofbarksandhowls”可知,在咆哮聲中聲音(