2024秋高中英語(yǔ)Module4MusicBorninAmericaSectionⅠIntroductionReadingandSpeaking學(xué)案含解析外研版選修7

PAGEModule4MusicBorninAmericaMusicisanartthatalmostpeopleofallagesenjoy.Someofthemareevencrazyaboutit.Therearesomanyfamousmusicianswhoofferusbeautifulmusic.Asamatteroffact,everyonecanmakesoundsusingdifferentmaterials.Allovertheworld,manykindsofmusichavedevelopedaspeoplefindouthowtomakesoundsindifferentways.Therearesomanykindsofmusictohearthatyoucansoonfindakindthatyoulike.Peoplecangetallkindsoffeelingshearingmusic.Musiccanmakeyoumarchordance;itcanmakeyoufeelhappyorsad.Morethanotherarts,musiccanaffectyourmoodsandfeelings.Thisiswhymusicissopopularthroughouttheworld.Everycountryhasitsownkindofmusic.InChinaclassicalmusichasalonghistory.InFrancemanypeoplelikedancemusicplayedontheaccordion(手風(fēng)琴),andmanyAmericansenjoybanjo(班卓琴)music.Spainisfamousforitsguitarmusic.Manypeoplelikemusicintheirownnationalstyle.Buttherearealsopeoplewhoenjoyclassicalmusicandpopmusic,whichhaveapreadthroughouttheworldwiththehelpoftherecordplayer,radioandtheInternet.However,therearestillgreatdifferencesbetweenthemusicofthewestandthatoftheeast.Manyoftheinstruments(樂(lè)器)areverydifferent.Themusicaldifferencesbetweentheeastandthewestarenotonlyintheinstruments,butalsoinwaysthenotesareputtogether.依據(jù)短文推斷正(T)誤(F)1．Spainisfamousfortheguitarmusic.(T)2．Thepeopleintheworldalllikeclassicalmusic.(F)模塊核心素養(yǎng)導(dǎo)航Module4MusicBorninAmericaSectionⅠIntroductionReadingandSpeakingⅠ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．improvisev.即興演奏；即興表演2．a(chǎn)pproachn.方法；步驟3．declinen.衰退；下降；削減4．sophisticatedadj.困難的，高級(jí)的→sophisticatevt.弄困難5．rhythmicadj.有節(jié)奏的→rhythmn.節(jié)律；節(jié)奏；律動(dòng)6．movementn.運(yùn)動(dòng)→movev.移動(dòng)，搬動(dòng)7．techniquen.技巧；手法→technicaladj.技術(shù)的；工藝的；技巧上的8．vocaladj.嗓音的；與嗓音有關(guān)的→voicen.嗓音，說(shuō)話聲；發(fā)言權(quán)9．rapn.說(shuō)唱樂(lè)→rappern.說(shuō)唱樂(lè)歌手Ⅱ.核心短語(yǔ)1．beboredwith...對(duì)……厭煩2．take_advantage_of利用3．rather_than而不是4．make_up虛構(gòu)，編造5．consist_of由……組成6．danceto...隨著……跳舞7．sidebyside并排；并肩8．indecline在下降；在衰退9．a(chǎn)partfrom除……之外10．beknownas作為……而著名Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式1．Thewordsofearlybluessongsoftenconsistedofasinglelinerepeated_two_or_three_times_before_changing.早期的藍(lán)調(diào)歌曲(布魯斯歌曲)通常包含一句重復(fù)兩三遍的歌詞，之后才有所變更。2．TheDJsatblockpartiesinthe1970splayedalotofsoulmusicandtheynoticedthatpeoplepreferredthepercussionbreaksinthesongsbecausetheywerethe_best_parts_to_dance_to.20世紀(jì)70年頭街區(qū)舞會(huì)上音樂(lè)主持人播放很多靈樂(lè)，他們留意到大家更喜愛(ài)樂(lè)曲中的打擊樂(lè)，因?yàn)榇驌魳?lè)最適合跳舞。3．“The_moment_I_heard_it，”hesaid,“Iknewitwasacompletelynewkindofmusic.”“我一聽(tīng)，”他說(shuō)，“就知道這是一種全新的音樂(lè)?！?．The_first_time_that_rap_artists_recordedtheirmusic,musiciansrecordedthebackingtracks...說(shuō)唱藝術(shù)家初次錄制音樂(lè)時(shí)，演奏師先錄制背景音樂(lè)……譯文助讀你須要了解的有關(guān)嘻哈樂(lè)的全部學(xué)問(wèn)第一部分什么是嘻哈樂(lè)？它是怎樣起先的？嘻哈樂(lè)是美國(guó)的一場(chǎng)文化運(yùn)動(dòng)，這場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)始于20世紀(jì)70年頭紐約的街區(qū)舞會(huì)，特殊是在布朗克斯區(qū)。嘻哈樂(lè)有四個(gè)主要方面：霹靂舞、涂鴉藝術(shù)和(另外)兩種嘻哈樂(lè)音樂(lè)——DJ樂(lè)和說(shuō)唱樂(lè)。說(shuō)唱樂(lè)也被稱(chēng)為節(jié)目主持(MC-ing源于短語(yǔ)masterofceremonies)。20世紀(jì)70年頭街區(qū)舞會(huì)上音樂(lè)的主持人(DJ)播放很多靈樂(lè)，他們留意到大家很喜愛(ài)樂(lè)曲中的打擊樂(lè)，因?yàn)榇驌魳?lè)特別適合跳舞。于是，他們起先重復(fù)播放這些打擊樂(lè)。這是牙買(mǎi)加音樂(lè)主持人運(yùn)用的一種技巧。紐約有很多牙買(mǎi)加人，他們帶去了這種音樂(lè)理念。起初，他們播放很多雷蓋音樂(lè)。其次部分嘻哈樂(lè)的重大突破是什么？埃爾克是當(dāng)時(shí)最受歡迎的牙買(mǎi)加音樂(lè)主持人之一，他留意到紐約的聽(tīng)眾并不真正喜愛(ài)雷蓋音樂(lè)，于是他就起先播放其他種類(lèi)的音樂(lè)，包括搖滾樂(lè)和迪斯科音樂(lè)。這些打擊樂(lè)通常很短，但埃爾克和其他音樂(lè)主持人利用擺放在一起的兩個(gè)唱盤(pán)將兩盤(pán)錄音反復(fù)播放，使打擊樂(lè)播放時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。有些音樂(lè)主持人起先在放音樂(lè)的時(shí)候說(shuō)話和喊叫。大聲喊叫的音樂(lè)主持人就被稱(chēng)為節(jié)目主持人。就這樣，稱(chēng)為說(shuō)唱樂(lè)的音樂(lè)風(fēng)格就誕生了。起初，這些節(jié)目主持人經(jīng)常表演數(shù)小時(shí)，重復(fù)同樣的單詞和短語(yǔ)，然后即興表演。后來(lái)，他們嘗試用不同的發(fā)聲和奏樂(lè)方法，運(yùn)用押韻詞匯，這些詞匯常來(lái)源于非裔美國(guó)人的文化。同時(shí)，人們起先在街區(qū)舞會(huì)上跳霹靂舞。節(jié)目主持人達(dá)克·斯達(dá)還記得他第一次聽(tīng)到說(shuō)唱歌手時(shí)的情景?！拔乙宦?tīng)，”他說(shuō)，“就知道這是一種全新的音樂(lè)?！钡谌糠譃槭裁次?lè)會(huì)如此勝利？有兩個(gè)主要緣由。首先，嘻哈樂(lè)成本低且簡(jiǎn)單操作——你只須要兩個(gè)唱盤(pán)和一個(gè)麥克風(fēng)。運(yùn)用錄制好的歌曲，誰(shuí)都可以做主持人。其次，人們厭倦了當(dāng)時(shí)的流行音樂(lè)——20世紀(jì)70年頭中期迪斯科和搖滾樂(lè)都在走下坡路。然而，迪斯科音樂(lè)節(jié)奏感強(qiáng)，簡(jiǎn)單跟上節(jié)奏跳舞。嘻哈樂(lè)利用了這一點(diǎn)，為那些不喜愛(ài)迪斯科的人們供應(yīng)了別樣的迪斯科音樂(lè)！第四部分說(shuō)唱歌手是怎樣錄制他們的歌曲的？說(shuō)唱藝術(shù)家第一次錄制他們的音樂(lè)時(shí)，音樂(lè)家先在錄音室里錄制伴奏曲(那種不加歌聲的音樂(lè))，隨后說(shuō)唱樂(lè)歌手再加進(jìn)他們的歌頌部分。其次代的說(shuō)唱樂(lè)歌手在音樂(lè)家錄制音樂(lè)的同時(shí)錄制歌聲。20世紀(jì)80年頭紐約曾是嘻哈樂(lè)之都，那里的(嘻哈樂(lè))風(fēng)格被稱(chēng)為東海岸說(shuō)唱樂(lè)。這種風(fēng)格很快就傳到了美國(guó)的其他地區(qū)。在加利福尼亞有很多西海岸說(shuō)唱歌手。在佛羅里達(dá)州的邁阿密，受古巴和波多黎各音樂(lè)的劇烈影響，一種新的(說(shuō)唱)風(fēng)格產(chǎn)生了。20世紀(jì)80年頭后期，嘻哈樂(lè)傳遍了世界各地——日本、印度以及歐洲的很多地區(qū)，特殊是法國(guó)、比利時(shí)和意大利。在英國(guó)，一種被稱(chēng)為迷幻舞曲的新音樂(lè)形式出現(xiàn)了，它融合了爵士樂(lè)、嘻哈樂(lè)和電子音樂(lè)(例如電腦上播放的音樂(lè))。課文理解StepⅠFastreadingReadthetextandmatchthemainideaofeachpart.Part1A．ThewidespreadandnewstylesofhiphopPart2B．ThereasonsofthesuccessofhiphopPart3C．ThedefinitionandoriginofhiphopPart4D．Thedevelopmentofhiphop答案：1—4CDBAStepⅡCarefulreadingReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouthiphop?A．It'sanAmericanculturalmovement.B．It'samusicbandfromAmerica.C．It'smainlymadeupofbreakdance,graffiti,DJ-ingandrapping.D．Itstartedinthe1970sinNewYork.答案：B2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthebigbreakthrough?A．Hercstartedtoplayjazzmusictoattracttheaudience.B．Atthebeginning,MCsperformedforhours,onlyrepeatingwordsandphrases.C．DJHercnoticedthatNewYorkaudiencesreallylikedreggaemusic.D．TheMCslaterusedrhymingwordsthatcamefromAfrican-Americanculture.答案：D3．Whichofthefollowingwasthecapitalofhiphopduringthe1980s?A．Florida.B．NewYork.C．Miami.D．Paris.答案：B4．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Discomusicwasthebesttodanceto.B．Discomusicandrockmusicwerebothindeclineduringthemid-1970s.C．Thedevelopmentofmusicistheresultofthetastesofthepublic.D．Inthelate1980s,hiphopspreadacrosstoJapanandEurope.答案：CStepⅢAfterreadingHiphopisanAmericancultural__1__whichstartedinthe1970satblockpartiesinNewYorkwhichhasfourmain__2__(aspect)：breakdanceandgraffitiart__3__twotypesofhiphopmusic—DJ-ingandrapping.Inthesongs,people__4__(prefer)percussionbreaksbecausetheywerethebestpartstodance__5__.Itisgenerallyagreedthatthereweretwomainreasons__6__hiphopwassosuccessful.Firstly,it'scheapandeasy.__7__(second),peoplewereboredwiththepopmusicoftheday—discomusicandrockmusicwerebothin__8__inthemid-1970s.Inthelate1980s,hiphopspread__9__theworld,toJapan,IndiaandmanypartsofEurope,__10__(especial)France,BelgiumandItaly.1．movement2.aspects3.plus4.preferred5．to6.why7.Secondly8.decline9．a(chǎn)cross10.especially1eq\a\vs4\al(approachn.方法；接近)(教材P44)Later,theyexperimentedwithdifferentvocalandrhythmicapproaches,usingrhymingwords,oftenwordsfromAfrican-Americanculture.后來(lái)，他們嘗試用不同的發(fā)聲和奏樂(lè)方法，運(yùn)用押韻詞匯，這些詞匯常來(lái)源于非裔美國(guó)人的文化。[歸納拓展](1)theapproachto(doing)sth.(做)……的方法/途徑makeanapproachtosb.接洽/接近某人；給某人提建議withtheapproachof...隨著……的來(lái)臨/接近(2)approach＋n.接近/靠近……[經(jīng)典例句]TheysettledinatacomfortableEastSlidecaféandwithinminutes,anothercustomerwasapproachingtheirtable.他們?cè)谝患沂孢m的EastSlide咖啡館落座了，沒(méi)幾分鐘，有一位顧客向他們的桌子走來(lái)。Ilikeherapproachtotheproblem.Itisworthtrying.我喜愛(ài)她解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的方法。這值得一試。Theapproachoftheexamismakingherveryupset.考試的接近使她特別擔(dān)心。Alltheapproachestotheairportwereblockedbythepolice.全部通往機(jī)場(chǎng)的道路都被警察封鎖了。Wecouldjustseethetrainapproaching.我們只能望見(jiàn)火車(chē)正在駛近。Approachingthevehicle,theysawthatawomanwastryingtogetoutofthebrokenwindow.靠近那輛車(chē)后，他們望見(jiàn)一位女士正試圖從破了的窗戶里出來(lái)。[名師點(diǎn)津]“用這種方法”的表達(dá)還有(留意介詞的搭配)：inthiswaywiththismethodina(n)．..manner[辨析比較]approach,way,method,means單詞意義搭配approach指學(xué)習(xí)或探討問(wèn)題的方法approachto＋n./doingsth.way指單一技巧或整套的操作過(guò)程，對(duì)于方法或操作過(guò)程本身是好是壞不做任何評(píng)價(jià)intheway;theway＋todo/ofdoingsth.method多表示抽象的理論方法，而且強(qiáng)調(diào)以效率和精確性為目的withthemethod;themethodof...means手段，方法；工具bymeansof;bynomeans[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferentapproachestothestudyofmathematics.②Theycameupwithseveralapproachestosolving(solve)theproblem,butsomewerenotpractical.③Myexperienceshowsthatweshouldnotbeafraidoflosingface,andonlyinthiswaycanwemakeprogress.2eq\a\vs4\al(declinen.衰退；下降；削減)(教材P45)Secondly,peoplewereboredwiththepopmusicoftheday—discomusicandrockmusicwerebothindeclineinthemid-1970s.其次，人們厭倦了當(dāng)時(shí)的流行音樂(lè)——20世紀(jì)70年頭中期迪斯科和搖滾樂(lè)都在走下坡路。[歸納拓展](1)n.&vi.衰退，下降，削減。常見(jiàn)搭配：fall/gointo(a)decline起先衰落indecline/onthedecline在下降，正在衰退，走下坡路declineby...下降了……(后常接分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù))declineto...下降到……(后常接詳細(xì)數(shù)字)declinein...在……方面漸漸衰弱(2)vt.&vi.婉言拒絕，謝絕(后跟帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ))。相當(dāng)于refusepolitely。(3)decliningadj.下滑的，衰退的[經(jīng)典例句]Thetownfellinto(a)declineafterthemineclosed.這個(gè)鎮(zhèn)在礦井關(guān)閉后起先衰落。Hisinterestincomputergamesisnowindecline.現(xiàn)在他對(duì)電腦嬉戲的愛(ài)好在減退。BytheendoftheQingDynasty,however,paper-cuttingwasonceonthedeclinebecausenewartformswerebeingintroduced.然而，到了清朝末年，剪紙一度因?yàn)樾滤囆g(shù)形式的引入而衰落。Thenumberoftouriststotheresortdeclinedby10%lastyear.去年到這個(gè)旅游勝地的游客人數(shù)削減了10%。Thelibrariesarenotdeclininginimportance—peoplearesimplychangingthewaytheyusethem.圖書(shū)館的重要性并沒(méi)有下降，只是人們變更了運(yùn)用圖書(shū)館的方式。Iinvitedhertojoinus,butshedeclined.我邀請(qǐng)她加入我們，可是她婉言拒絕了。Hedeclinedtodiscusshisplan.他拒絕探討他的安排。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)常見(jiàn)的表示“增加”的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))：rise,increase,goup。(2)常見(jiàn)的表示“削減”的動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))：fall,drop,decrease,godown,decline。(3)表示“增加”或“削減”的幅度時(shí)常用介詞by，表示“增加”或“削減”的結(jié)果時(shí)常用介詞to。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Britainisa“second-ratepower”whichhasbeenindeclineforacentury—yetLondonremainsthemostinfluentialcityintheworld.②Evenchimp(黑猩猩)mothersregularlydeclineto_share(share)foodwiththeirchildren,whoareablefromayoungagetogathertheirownfood.③Declining(decline)birthrateisamajorprobleminmanydevelopingregionstoo,whichmightcausecatastrophicglobalshortagesofworkforcewithinafewdecades.AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina,forinstance.④Governmentspendingthisyearisestimatedtodeclinebyapproximately2%.3eq\a\vs4\al(emergev.出現(xiàn))(教材P45)InEngland,anewmusicformemerged,calledtriphop,amixtureofjazz,hiphopandelectronicmusic(forexample,musicplayedoncomputers)．在英國(guó)，一種被稱(chēng)為迷幻舞曲的新音樂(lè)形式出現(xiàn)了，它融合了爵士樂(lè)、嬉蹦樂(lè)和電子音樂(lè)(例如電腦上播放的音樂(lè))。[歸納拓展](1)emergefrom從……出現(xiàn)；(從逆境中)擺脫出來(lái)Ithasemergedthat...(事實(shí)等)已顯露出來(lái)(2)emergentadj.新興的，新出現(xiàn)的emergencyn.緊急狀況，突發(fā)事務(wù)[經(jīng)典例句]Themoonemergedfrombehindtheclouds.月亮從云層后露出。Ithasemergedthathestolethemoney.現(xiàn)在最終發(fā)覺(jué)，是他偷了那筆錢(qián)。Itisimportanttokeep/staycalminanemergency.在緊急狀況下保持冷靜是很重要的。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空Ithas_emerged(emerge)thattheoldsayingisrightinanemergency(emerge)．eq\o(\s\up7(4),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(touchvt.觸動(dòng)，感動(dòng)，打動(dòng)vt.&n.觸摸n.觸覺(jué)，觸感)(教材P48)TheSongThatTouchedMyHeart觸動(dòng)我心的歌曲[歸納拓展]與touch相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：(1)表動(dòng)作getintouchwith...和……取得聯(lián)系losetouchwith...和……失去聯(lián)系(2)表狀態(tài)keep/stayintouchwith...和……保持聯(lián)系beintouchwith...和……有聯(lián)系beoutoftouchwith...和……失去聯(lián)系[經(jīng)典例句]Iwastouchedbeyondwords.我感動(dòng)得無(wú)法形容。Herstorytouchedusalldeeply.她的故事使我們大家深受感動(dòng)。Hertinyhandsgentlytouchedmyface.她的小手輕輕觸摸我的臉龐。Shefeltagentletouchonhershoulder.她感到有人輕輕碰了一下她的肩膀。Theevidencesuggeststhatoursenseoftouchisprogrammedtodeclinewithage.有證據(jù)表明，我們的觸覺(jué)會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而減損。[語(yǔ)境串記](méi)Iwasintouchwithmycollegeclassmatesforabouttenyears.Unfortunately,whenIlostmymobilephone,Ilosttouchwiththem.Later,Igotintouchwiththemonlineafterwehadbeenoutoftouchforabouthalfayear.我與高校同學(xué)保持了大約十年的聯(lián)系。不幸的是，當(dāng)我丟了手機(jī)以后，我與他們失去了聯(lián)系。后來(lái)，在我們失去聯(lián)系大約半年后，我在網(wǎng)上與他們?nèi)〉昧寺?lián)系。[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①Tomakeiteasiertoget_in_touch_with(與……取得聯(lián)系)us,you'dbetterkeepthiscardathand.②Ihave_been_out_of_touch_with(同……失去聯(lián)系)Tomsinceweparted.1eq\a\vs4\al(sidebyside并排，并肩地)(教材P44)Thepercussionbreakswereusuallyshort,butHercandotherDJsmadethemlongerbyusingtworecordsontwoturntables,sidebyside.這些打擊樂(lè)通常很短，但埃爾克和其他音樂(lè)主持人利用擺放在一起的兩個(gè)唱盤(pán)將兩盤(pán)錄音反復(fù)播放，使打擊樂(lè)播放時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。[歸納拓展]“名詞＋介詞＋同一名詞”型短語(yǔ)歸納(1)名詞＋to＋同一名詞shouldertoshoulder肩并肩hearttoheart開(kāi)誠(chéng)布公地facetoface面對(duì)面地backtoback背對(duì)背(2)名詞＋after＋同一名詞dayafterday日復(fù)一日yearafteryear年復(fù)一年(3)名詞/代詞＋by＋同一名詞/代詞stepbystep逐步地littlebylittle一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地onebyone逐個(gè)地，逐一地daybyday(變更)一每天地，逐日(4)名詞＋in＋同一名詞arminarm臂挽臂handinhand手拉手[經(jīng)典例句]Theywalkedsidebysidealongtheroad.他們并排走在路上。Theywalkedalonghandinhand.他們手拉著手一路走著。Onthewayhome,thechildrenwalkedarminarm,laughingandjoking.在回家的路上，孩子們臂挽臂，有說(shuō)有笑。Weneedtotalkaboutthematterwitheachotherfacetoface.這件事我們須要面談。[即學(xué)即練]用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空①Handinhandtheysatinsilenceforthirtyseconds.②Localcitizensworkedsidebysidewithemergencycrewstopulltheirneighborsoutoftherubble(瓦礫)．③Thetwogirlsaregoodfriends.Theyliketowalkarminarm.④Thatnighttheytalkedhearttoheartwitheachother.⑤Nightafternightshesatbythebedofthewoundedsoldier.⑥Inordertosolvetheproblemassoonaspossible,theyhadadiscussionfacetoface.2beboredwith...對(duì)……厭倦/厭煩(教材P45)Secondly,peoplewereboredwiththepopmusicoftheday—discomusicandrockmusicwerebothindeclineinthemid-1970s.其次，人們厭倦了當(dāng)時(shí)的流行音樂(lè)——20世紀(jì)70年頭中期迪斯科和搖滾樂(lè)都在走下坡路。[歸納拓展](1)betiredof/befedupwith...對(duì)……厭煩beboredtodeath厭煩得要死(2)borev.使厭煩n.令人厭煩的人或事物boringadj.沒(méi)趣的，令人厭煩的boredadj.厭倦的，感到厭煩的boredomn.厭煩，厭倦[經(jīng)典例句]Iwasboredwithworknotequaltomyabilities.我對(duì)于那些跟自己實(shí)力不相稱(chēng)的工作感到厭倦。Thereissomuchnoiseandsheisboredwithdeath.嘈雜聲太大，她煩死了。Inmyopinion,alotofherunhappinessisduetoboredom.在我看來(lái)，她的很多不快樂(lè)是由無(wú)聊引起的。LittleTomwasquicklyboredwithplayingtoycars.小湯姆很快就對(duì)玩玩具汽車(chē)厭煩了。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空Theboring(bore)speechmadeusbored(bore)todeath.3eq\a\vs4\al(danceto隨著……跳舞)(教材P45)However,discomusichadastrongbeat,anditwaseasytodanceto.然而，迪斯科音樂(lè)節(jié)奏感強(qiáng)，簡(jiǎn)單跟上節(jié)奏跳舞。[歸納拓展]eq\x(danceto意為“隨著……跳舞”，to是介詞)[經(jīng)典例句]Doyouprefertodancetofastmusic?你喜愛(ài)隨著節(jié)奏快的音樂(lè)跳舞嗎？Thechildrendancetomusicuntilthemusicstops.孩子們跟著音樂(lè)跳舞直到音樂(lè)結(jié)束。[即學(xué)即練]完成句子Iliketodance_to_the_musicontheradio.我喜愛(ài)隨著廣播里的音樂(lè)跳舞。4eq\a\vs4\al(takeadvantageof利用)(教材P45)Hiphoptookadvantageofthatandprovidedakindofdiscomusicforpeoplewhohateddisco!嘻哈樂(lè)利用了這一點(diǎn)，為那些不喜愛(ài)迪斯科的人們供應(yīng)了別樣的迪斯科音樂(lè)！[歸納拓展](1)have/gain/winanadvantageover賽過(guò)；優(yōu)于havetheadvantageof有……的優(yōu)勢(shì)toone'sadvantage/totheadvantageofsb.對(duì)某人有利(2)disadvantagen.不利條件atadisadvantage處于不利地位，處于劣勢(shì)(3)表示“利用”的短語(yǔ)：eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(makethemostof,makethebestof,makegood/fulluseof,takefulladvantageof))充分利用[經(jīng)典例句]Youshouldtakeadvantageofthefineweathertogoforawalkinthecountryside.你應(yīng)當(dāng)利用這好天氣去鄉(xiāng)下走一走。Sheadvisedhimtotakeadvantageoftheopportunity.她建議他利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。Shehadtheadvantageofagoodeducation.她具有受過(guò)良好教化的有利條件。Youwillbeatanadvantageifyouhavethoughtabouttheinterviewquestionsinadvance.假如你預(yù)先考慮過(guò)面試的問(wèn)題，你就會(huì)占優(yōu)勢(shì)。It'llbetoyouradvantagetostudyabroad.出國(guó)留學(xué)會(huì)對(duì)你有利。[即學(xué)即練]完成句子①I(mǎi)nmyopinion,thisagreementisto_the_advantage_of_them/to_their_advantage.依我看，這項(xiàng)協(xié)議對(duì)他們有利。②Thefootballteamhas_an_advantage_overitsopponents.這支足球隊(duì)優(yōu)于對(duì)手。5eq\a\vs4\al(ratherthan而不是)(教材P46)Songsthatarespokenratherthansungarecalledrap.用來(lái)說(shuō)而不是唱的歌曲叫作說(shuō)唱樂(lè)。[歸納拓展]eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(prefertodo...ratherthando...,wouldratherdo...thando...,woulddo...ratherthando...,wouldliketodo...ratherthando...,preferdoing...todoing...))寧愿做……而不愿做[經(jīng)典例句]Whatweexpectfromyouisworkinghardratherthanhardlyworking.我們希望你努力工作，而不是幾乎不工作。Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousaythatmatters.重要的是你所做的，而不是你所說(shuō)的。Heisanexplorerratherthanasailor.他是一個(gè)探險(xiǎn)者而不是一個(gè)海員。Iprefertoreadabookratherthansittheredoingnothing.Iwouldratherreadabookthansittheredoingnothing.Iwouldreadabookratherthansittheredoingnothing.Iwouldliketoreadabookratherthansittheredoingnothing.我寧愿看書(shū)也不愿無(wú)所事事地坐在那里。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)ratherthan常起連詞的作用，其連接的兩個(gè)成分的詞性應(yīng)當(dāng)一樣。(2)ratherthan連接兩個(gè)不定式時(shí)，后一個(gè)常省略to。Shelikestokeepthingsratherthanthrowthemaway.她喜愛(ài)把東西保留下來(lái)，而不愿把它們?nèi)拥簟?3)ratherthan連接的兩個(gè)并列成分作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與ratherthan前面的成分在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一樣。具有相同用法的詞語(yǔ)還有aswellas,togetherwith,with,besides等。YouratherthanIaregoingtogocamping.要去野營(yíng)的是你，而不是我。[即學(xué)即練](1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Facinguptoyourproblemsratherthanrunning(run)awayfromthemisthebestapproach(方法)toworkingthingsout.解析：句意：勇于面對(duì)你的問(wèn)題而不是躲避它們，這是解決事情的最好方法。ratherthan連接的兩個(gè)并列成分的詞性應(yīng)當(dāng)一樣，依據(jù)facingupto可知答案為running。②Wecanachievealotwhenwelearntoletourdifferencesunite,ratherthandivide(divide)us.解析：句意：當(dāng)我們學(xué)會(huì)了讓差異把我們團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，而不是把我們分裂開(kāi)時(shí)，我們就會(huì)獲得很多。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，ratherthan連接了兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形。③Ratherthanridethecrowdedbus,healwaysprefersto_rideabicycle.(ride)④Youratherthanyoursisterare(be)toruntheshopafteryourparentsretire.(2)一句多譯(每空一詞)這么熱的天，我寧愿待在家里也不愿出去。⑤Iwouldstayathomerather_thangooutonsuchahotday.⑥Iwouldratherstayathomethangooutonsuchahotday.⑦Iprefertostayathomeratherthangooutonsuchahotday.⑧Ipreferstayingathometogoingoutonsuchahotday.⑨Iwouldliketostayathomeratherthangooutonsuchahotday.eq\o(\s\up7(1),\s\do5())教材P44Thepercussionbreakswereusuallyshort，butHercandotherDJsmadethemlongerbyusingtworecordsontwoturntables，sidebyside.這些打擊樂(lè)通常很短，但埃爾克和其他音樂(lè)主持人利用擺放在一起的兩個(gè)唱盤(pán)將兩盤(pán)錄音反復(fù)播放，使打擊樂(lè)播放時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。eq\a\vs4\al()本句是由but連接的兩個(gè)并列句，第一個(gè)分句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)；其次個(gè)分句中madethemlonger是“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，后面的byusing...和sidebyside都作狀語(yǔ)。[歸納拓展]“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)make在此結(jié)構(gòu)中作使役動(dòng)詞，意為“使……”，此結(jié)構(gòu)的詳細(xì)形式如下：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(make＋\f(賓語(yǔ),n./pron.)＋\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(名詞表示“使……成為……”,形容詞表示“使……變得……”,過(guò)去分詞表示“使……被……”,省略to的不定式表示“使……,做……”)),make＋it＋名詞/形容詞＋forsb./sth.＋帶to的不,定式/從句))[經(jīng)典例句]Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchadistinguishedwriter.沒(méi)有人會(huì)知道，才華、雄心、精力和運(yùn)氣怎樣的結(jié)合造就了狄更斯這樣一位杰出的作家。Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroutemakecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.舒適的自行車(chē)和流暢的旅游路途使騎自行車(chē)在景點(diǎn)間穿行變得好玩和放松。I'mnotverygoodatGerman,butIcanmakemyselfunderstood.我的德語(yǔ)不太好，但我能清晰地表達(dá)自己。Whathesaidmadeallofuslaugh.→(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))Allofusweremadetolaughbywhathesaid.他的話讓我們都大笑起來(lái)。Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublicthatwhattheydoisnotonlyimportant,butalsoessential.他們要向公眾表明，他們所做的工作不但重要，而且是必不行少的。[名師點(diǎn)津]學(xué)習(xí)“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)應(yīng)留意以下幾點(diǎn)：(1)make后不接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)；(2)make后作賓補(bǔ)的不定式不帶to，但用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)to不能省略；(3)“make＋it＋名詞/形容詞(＋forsb./sth.)＋帶to的不定式/從句”中it是形式賓語(yǔ)，帶to的不定式/從句為真正的賓語(yǔ)；(4)假如賓補(bǔ)是表示獨(dú)一無(wú)二的職位或頭銜的名詞，則其前通常不用冠詞。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmithevenmoreremarkable(remark)．②Angerseemssimplewhenwearefeelingit,butthecausesofangerarevarious.Knowingthesecausescanmakeusexamine(examine)ourbehavior,andcorrectbadhabits.③ThereweresomanypeopleinthehospitalthatIwasmadeto_wait(wait)fourhoursbeforeIwasexaminedbyadoctor.④BradfordsaidthatlargemoderntheatersinthecitymadeitimpossibleforthePlazato_compete(compete)．⑤Susanmadeitcleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.⑥Nancyhadtoshouttomakeherselfheard(hear)abovethenoiseofthetraffic.eq\o(\s\up7(2),\s\do5())教材P45“ThemomentIheardit，hesaid，“Iknewitwasacompletelynewkindofmusic.”他說(shuō)：“我一聽(tīng)就知道這是一種全新的音樂(lè)?！眅q\a\vs4\al()本句中themoment用作連詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“一……就”，相當(dāng)于assoonas。[歸納拓展]可以用作連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的名詞短語(yǔ)還有：1相當(dāng)于assoonas，表示“一……就……”的名詞短語(yǔ)：theminute，theinstant，thesecond等。2由time構(gòu)成的名詞短語(yǔ)：each/everytime，thefirst/lasttime，nexttime等。3表示時(shí)間段的短語(yǔ)：themorningafternoon/evening，thenight，theday，theweek等。[經(jīng)典例句]Themomenthecame,hejoinedinourdiscussion.他一來(lái)就加入到了我們的探討之中。IsentyouthenewstheinstantIheardit.我一聽(tīng)到這消息就立即通知你了。Theaudienceswillcheereverytimethesingerappearsonthestage.這位歌手每次出現(xiàn)在舞臺(tái)上，觀眾們都會(huì)歡呼。ThedaymyfatherleftforCanada,allourrelativescametoseehimoff.我父親動(dòng)身去加拿大的那一天，我們的親戚都來(lái)為他送行。[即學(xué)即練]完成句子The_moment(一……就)Ipickedupthereceiver,Irealizedthatsomebodyhaddialedthewrongnumber.eq\o(\s\up7(3),\s\do5())教材P45However，discomusichadastrongbeat，anditwaseasytodanceto.然而，迪斯科音樂(lè)節(jié)奏感強(qiáng)，簡(jiǎn)單跟上節(jié)奏跳舞。eq\a\vs4\al()本句是由and連接的并列句。其次個(gè)分句是“主語(yǔ)＋be＋a