2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語課時(shí)分層作業(yè)10Unit4Historyandtraditions含解析新人教版必修第二冊(cè)

PAGE1-課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(十)Ⅰ.單詞拼法1．Weinterviewedeachindividual(個(gè)別的)memberofthecommunity.2．Industryandopportunitywerethechief(最重要的)factorsinhissuccess.3．Atanearby(旁邊的)table，amanwascomplaininginaloudvoice.4．Whatthecompanyhasdoneisperfectlylegal(合法的).5．AsachildIwassurrounded(包圍)byloveandkindness.6．Madagascaristhemostfascinating(迷人的)placeIhaveeverbeento.7．Thetownwallswerebuiltasadefence(防衛(wèi))againstenemyattacks.8．Weshouldnotfocusonhowtofighteachotherbuthowtopreventmilitary(軍事的)action.9．Thefirstthinghelookedatwashisoffice'slocation(位置).10．Thereisconvincingevidence(證據(jù))ofalinkbetweenexposuretothesunandskincancer.Ⅱ.閱讀理解AIfConfuciuswerestillalivetodayandcouldcelebratehisSeptember28birthdaywithabigcake，therewouldbealotofcandles.He'dneedafanorastrongwindtohelphimputthemout.WhilemanypeopleinChinawillrememberConfuciusonhisspecialday，fewpeopleintheUnitedStateswillgivehimapassingthought.It'snothingpersonal.MostAmericansdon'tevenrememberthebirthdaysoftheirownnationalheroes.Butthisdoesn'tmeanthatAmericansdon'tcareaboutConfucius.InmanywayshehasbecomeabridgethatforeignersmustcrossiftheywanttoreachadeeperunderstandingofChina.Inthepasttwodecades，theChinesestudiesprogramshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.Morerecently，theChinesegovernmenthassetupConfuciusInstitutesinmorethan80countries.TheseschoolsteachbothChineselanguageandculture.ThemaincoursesofChinesecultureusuallyincludedChineseart，historyandphilosophy.SomesocialscientistssuggestthatWesternersshouldtakeadvantageoftheancientChinesewisdomtomakeupforthedrawbacksofWesternersphilosophy.StudentsintheUnitedStates，atthesametime，areracingtolearnChinese.SotheywillbereadyforlifeinaworldwhereChinaisanequalpowerwiththeUnitedStates.BusinessmenwhohopetomakemoneyinChinaarereadingbooksaboutConfuciustounderstandtheirChinesecustomers.Sotheoldthinker'sideasarestillaliveandwell.TodayChinaattractstheWestmorethanever，anditwillneedmoreteacherstointroduceConfuciusandChineseculturetotheWest.Asfortheoldthinker，hewillnotsoonbeforgottenbypeopleintheWest，evenifhisbirthdayis.【語篇解讀】本文闡述了西方學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)中國文化的現(xiàn)象，并告知我們中國古代宏大的思想家——孔子的思想仍舊受到人們的追捧。1．Thefirstparagraphismainlyintendedto．A．providesomekeyfactsaboutConfuciusB．a(chǎn)ttractthereaders'interestinthesubjectC．showgreatrespectforthegreatthinkerD.provethepopularityofmodernbirthdaycelebrationsB[目的意圖題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，假如孔子仍舊活著并能慶祝生日的話，將會(huì)有許多蠟燭，他須要一把扇子或很大的風(fēng)才能吹滅，這樣說是為了吸引讀者的愛好，讓讀者接著讀下去。]2．WecanlearnfromParagraph4thatAmericanstudents．A．haveagreatinterestinstudyingChineseB．takeanactivepartinChinesecompetitionsC．trytogethighscoresinChineseexamsD．fightforachancetolearnChineseA[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Inthepasttwodecades，theChinesestudiesprogramshavegainedhugepopularityinWesternuniversities.”和“...areracingtolearnChinese”可知，美國學(xué)生對(duì)中國文化很感愛好。]3．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．ForgottenWisdominAmericaB．HugeFansoftheChineseLanguageC．ChineseCultureforWesternersD．OldThinkerswithaBigFutureD[標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要向我們介紹了孔子思想對(duì)西方的影響，以及將來可能產(chǎn)生的影響，所以選D。]4．Thepassageislikelytoappearin．A．a(chǎn)biography B．a(chǎn)historypaperC．a(chǎn)newspaper D．a(chǎn)philosophytextbookC[文章出處題。本文向我們介紹了孔子思想對(duì)西方的影響，以及將來可能產(chǎn)生的影響，很可能出自報(bào)紙，所以選C。]BTea，themosttypicalEnglishdrink，becameestablishedinBritainbecauseoftheinfluenceofaforeignprincess，CatherineofBraganza，thequeenofCharlesⅡ.AsaloverofteasinceherchildhoodinPortugal，shebroughttea-drinkingtotheEnglishroyalcourtandsetatrendforthebeverageinthe17thcentury.Thefashionsoonspreadbeyondthecircleofthenobilitytothemiddleclasses，andteabecameapopulardrinkattheLondoncoffeehouseswherepeoplemettodobusinessanddiscusseventsoftheday.Manyemployersservedacupofteatotheirworkersinthemiddleofthemorning，thusinventingalastingBritishinstitution，the“teabreak”．However，drinkingteainsocialsettingsoutsidetheworkplacewasbeyondthemeansofthemajorityofBritishpeople.Itcamewithahighpricetagandteawastaxedaswell.Around1800，theseventhDuchessofBedford，AnneMaria，beganthepopularpracticeof“afternoontea”，aceremonytakingplaceataboutfouro'clock.Untilthen，peopledidnotusuallyeatordrinkanythingbetweenlunchanddinner.Atapproximatelythesametime，theEarlofSandwichpopularizedanewwayofeatingbread—inthinslices，withsomethinglikejamorcucumbersbetweenthem.Beforelong，asmallmealattheendoftheafternoon，involvingteaandsandwiches，hadbecomepartoftheBritishwayoflife.Asteabecamemuchcheaperduringthe19thcentury，itspopularityspreadrightthroughallcornersoftheBritishsociety.Thus，teabecameBritain'sfavoritedrink.Inworking-classhouseholds，itwasservedwiththemainmealoftheday，eatenwhenworkersreturnedhomeafteraday'slabor.Thismealhasbecomeknownas“hightea”．Today，teacanbedrunkatanytimeoftheday，andaccountsforovertwo-fifthsofalldrinksconsumedinBritain—withtheexceptionofwater.【語篇解讀】本文講解并描述了茶在英國變得流行的過程以及下午茶這個(gè)習(xí)俗的產(chǎn)生過程。5．Whatismainlydiscussedaboutteainthetext?A．ItsdevelopmentinBritain.B．Itstraditionalwaysofdrinking.C．Itsinfluencearoundtheworld.D．ItspopularityinEurope.A[主旨大意題。文章主要講解并描述了茶在英國變得流行的過程。]6．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thebeverage”probablyreferto?A．Teadrinking.B．Asmallmeal.C．Awayofeatingbread.D．Achoiceofdrinks.A[詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第一段其次句“AsaloverofteasinceherchildhoodinPortugal，shebroughttea-drinkingtotheEnglishroyalcourtandsetatrendforthebeverageinthe17thcentury.”可知，作為茶的愛好者，她把喝茶這種習(xí)慣帶到了英國的王室，引發(fā)了人們喝茶的潮流。]7．WhywasteaunabletobeacceptedasacommondrinkinBritaininthe17thcentury?A．ItwasmerelyservedinLondon.B．Itwastaxedasanalcoholicdrink.C．Itwasforbiddeninbusinesssettings.D．Itwastooexpensiveformostpeople.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段最終兩句“However，drinkingteainsocialsettingsoutsidetheworkplacewasbeyondthemeansofthemajorityofBritishpeople.Itcamewithahighpricetagandteawastaxedaswell.”可知，在17世紀(jì)，茶不是一般民眾所享受得起的，緣由是它太貴，還收稅。]8．Howisthetextorganized?A．Bycauseandeffect.B．Bycomparison.C．Intimeorder.D．Infrequencyorder.C[推理推斷題。文章講解并描述了不同的時(shí)期茶在英國的發(fā)展，第一段時(shí)間是17世紀(jì)，其次段時(shí)間是大約1800年，第三段時(shí)間是19世紀(jì)，所以文章是依據(jù)時(shí)間依次來組織的。]Ⅲ.閱讀七選五EnglandEnglandisthebiggestofthefourcountriesintheUnitedKingdom.Over50millionpeopleliveinEngland，whichisaround80%ofthetotalUKpopulation.1Itisspokentodaybybillionsofpeopleallovertheworld.ManystudentsgotoEnglandfromothercountriestostudythelanguageandlearnabouttheculture.AlthougheveryonespeaksEnglish，therearemanydifferentaccentsaroundthecountry.FrenchwastheofficiallanguageinEnglandbetween1066and1362.2TheEnglishpeoplelovemusic.3Glastonburyisafive-dayfestivalofmusic，dance，comedy，andtheatreandaround175，000peoplegothere.Manypeoplestayatthefestivalforafewdaysandtheycampintents.Peoplelistentoalltypesofmusic，especiallypopandrock.Englandhasproducedmanyinternationalgroupsandsingers.ThemostpopularsportsinEnglandarefootball，rugbyandcricket.Mosttownshaveafootball，rugbyandcricketgroundwhereteamscanplay.4Women'sfootballisalsopopular.Cricketisatraditionalsportplayedwithabatandaball.PeopleliketowatchallthesesportsonTV.Englandisamulticulturalcountry.5Indian，ChineseandItalianfoodsarepopular.TraditionalEnglishfoodincludesfishandchips，roastbeef，sausagesandmashedpotatoes.ManyEnglishpeopledrinkseveralcupsofteaeveryday，usuallywithmilk.However，differenttypesofcoffeearealsopopular.A．TheofficiallanguageofEnglandisEnglish.B．Thishasabiginfluenceonthefoodpeopleeat.C．ThelionisthesymbolofmanyEnglishsport