2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Module3InterpersonalRelationships-FriendshipSectionⅢGrammar教師用書教案外研版選修6

PAGE1-Module3InterpersonalRelationships--Friendship動(dòng)詞-ing形式(Ⅱ)和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語語境自主領(lǐng)悟先視察原句后自主感悟1.Havinglostallmyoldfriends,Ifeltshyandlonelyatmynewschool.2.Havingleftsomethinginthecloakroom,Iwentinsidetogetit.3.Thisweekend,havingthoughtaboutthesituationforawhile,IdecidedtoaskRoyaboutthetheft.4.I'llneverforgetmeetingher.Shewassokindtome.5.Iwon'tforgettomeetherafterschool.6.Remembertokeepintouchwhenyougoaway.7.Doyouremembergoingtoschoolforthefirsttime？1.前三個(gè)例句中動(dòng)詞-ing形式的完成式在句中作狀語，后四個(gè)例句中動(dòng)詞-ing形式與動(dòng)詞不定式均作賓語。2.動(dòng)詞-ing形式的完成式作狀語時(shí)，其表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之前，其邏輯主語是句子的主語。3.句4和句7中作賓語的動(dòng)詞-ing形式的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，句5和句6中作賓語的動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。一、動(dòng)詞-ing形式的完成式作狀語動(dòng)詞-ing形式的完成式的構(gòu)成為havingdone；否定式為nothavingdone；被動(dòng)式為havingbeendone。動(dòng)詞-ing形式的完成式表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句中謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前，常在句中作時(shí)間、緣由、讓步狀語等，可轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的狀語從句。Havingwrittentheletter,hewenttopostit.＝Afterhehadwrittentheletter,hewenttopostit.寫完信后，他去寄走它。Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexamination.＝Becausehehadn'tstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexamination.因?yàn)闆]有努力學(xué)習(xí)，所以他考試不及格。Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.＝Althoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.已經(jīng)被告知多次，他仍犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤。[名師點(diǎn)津]動(dòng)詞-ing形式的一般式和完成式作狀語的區(qū)分(1)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的一般式作狀語時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作與主句謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，常表示時(shí)間、條件、緣由或結(jié)果等。(2)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的完成式作狀語時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)作之前，常表示時(shí)間或緣由。Seeingthosepictures，hecouldn'thelpthinkingofthosedaysinYan'an.當(dāng)他看到那些圖片時(shí)，就禁不住想起了在延安的那些日子。Havinggotourtickets，wedrovetotheairporttoboardtheplane.買到機(jī)票之后，我們就開車到機(jī)場(chǎng)登機(jī)。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練1]用動(dòng)詞-ing形式完成句子①Havingleftthewalletinmyoffice(把錢包忘在辦公室了)，Ihadnomoneytopayfortheticket.②Nothavingcompletedtheproject(還沒完成這個(gè)項(xiàng)目),theywon'tstoptohavearest.③Walkingalongthestreet(在街上漫步時(shí)),hecameacrossanoldfriend.二、動(dòng)詞-ing形式與動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語1．下列動(dòng)詞(短語)跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語，請(qǐng)牢登記面的口訣：建議考慮堅(jiān)持練，(suggest，advise，consider，insiston,practise)允許想象棄冒險(xiǎn)，(permit，allow，imagine，giveup，risk)阻擋反抗否逃脫，(prevent，resist，deny，escape)不禁介意保持完，(can'thelp，mind，keep，finish)耽擱推遲求寬恕，(delay，putoff，require，forgive，excuse)承認(rèn)錯(cuò)過欣喜愛。(admit，miss，appreciate，enjoy)Isuggestgoingouttohavearestafterstudyingforonehour.我建議在學(xué)習(xí)一小時(shí)之后出去休息一下。Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn'trisklosingthegoodopportunity.他為這次工作面試做了充分準(zhǔn)備，因?yàn)樗荒苊笆ミ@次好機(jī)會(huì)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。[名師點(diǎn)津]advise,allow,forbid,permit等動(dòng)詞后可干脆跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語，也可跟不定式作補(bǔ)語。Wedon'talloweatingintheclassroom.我們不允許在教室里吃飯。Youcan'tallowfeartoimpacthowyouoperate.你不能讓恐驚影響你的行為方式。2．下列動(dòng)詞跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，請(qǐng)牢登記面的口訣：同意提出作支配，(agree，offer，intend，plan)要求答應(yīng)來幫忙。(demand，promise，help)準(zhǔn)備確定遭拒絕，(prepare，decide，refuse)敢于選擇有希望。(choose，wish，hope，want，expect)不能做到莫假裝，(fail，pretend)設(shè)法做成決心強(qiáng)。(manage，determine)請(qǐng)求支配又威逼，(beg，arrange，threaten)聲稱目標(biāo)不遲疑。(claim，aim，hesitate)Weagreedtomeetherebutsofarshehasn'tturnedupyet.我們約好在此地見面，但是她到現(xiàn)在還沒有露面。Theymanagedtofinishtheworkontime.他們?cè)O(shè)法按時(shí)完成了工作。3．可接動(dòng)詞-ing形式和不定式作賓語且意義差別不大的動(dòng)詞(1)hate，love，like，prefer等動(dòng)詞后接不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語時(shí)，意義雖相同，內(nèi)涵卻有些區(qū)分——接不定式作賓語時(shí)，多表示一次性的、詳細(xì)的動(dòng)作；接動(dòng)名詞作賓語時(shí)，多表示習(xí)慣性的、一般性的動(dòng)作。Ilikeswimming,butIdon'tliketoswiminthisriver.我喜愛游泳，但是我不喜愛在這條河里游泳。(2)begin，start，continue等少數(shù)幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)名詞或不定式作賓語時(shí)意義基本相同。但假如begin，start等用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，或其主語是物而非人時(shí)，須用不定式。Tombegantolearn/learninghowtouseacomputer.湯姆起先學(xué)習(xí)如何運(yùn)用電腦。Shewasstartingtodoherhomework.她正起先做作業(yè)。4．既可以接動(dòng)詞-ing形式又可以接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語，且含義不同的常見動(dòng)詞eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(rememberdoingsth.記得曾經(jīng)做過某事,remembertodosth.記住去做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(forgetdoingsth.遺忘已經(jīng)做過某事,forgettodosth.遺忘去做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(stopdoingsth.停止正做的事,stoptodosth.停下來做另外一件事（此處不定,式作狀語）))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(meandoingsth.意味著做某事,meantodosth.準(zhǔn)備做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(regretdoingsth.懊悔已經(jīng)做過某事,regrettodosth.缺憾去做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(trydoingsth.試著做某事,trytodosth.努力做某事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(goondoingsth.接著做同一件事,goontodosth.完成一件事，接著做另一件事))eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(can'thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事,can'thelp（to）dosth.不能幫著做某事))Don'tyouremembertellingmethestoryyesterday?莫非你不記得昨天給我講過這個(gè)故事了嗎？Pleaseremembertogivemybestregardstoyourfamily.請(qǐng)記著代我向你的家人問好。Attheamusingperformance,theaudiencecouldn'thelplaughing.看到這滑稽的表演，觀眾們不禁笑了起來。I'mbusystudying,soIcan'thelp(to)dothehousework.我忙著學(xué)習(xí)，所以不能幫忙做家務(wù)。[名師點(diǎn)津]need，want，require作“須要”講，且句子的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞后的非謂語動(dòng)詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，這些動(dòng)詞后面可接v.-ing形式的主動(dòng)式，也可接不定式的被動(dòng)式。Thewindowsneedcleaning.＝Thewindowsneedtobecleaned.窗戶須要擦了。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練2]完成句子①Ipromisetodo(答應(yīng)做)everythingIcandotohelpyou.②Iwenttothestationaheadoftimethismorningtoavoidmissing(避開錯(cuò)過)thebus.③Thisplantneedswatering/tobewatered(須要澆水)twiceaweek.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Carsarenotallowedtogo(go)throughthecitycentre.2．Ihavelongbeenlookingforwardtomeeting(meet)you.3．Youshouldlearntobe(be)independentofyourparents.4．Iregrettedmaking(make)thespeechatthemeeting.5．Ihaven'tdecidedwhentostart(start)；I'mthinkingitoverinmymind.6．Shelikesswimmingbutshedoesn'tliketoswim(swim)thisafternoon.7．Afterhehadfinishedhismaths，hewentontodo(do)hisphysics.8．Havingfinished(finish)allhishomework，Jimbegantolistentoclassicalmusic.9．Billsuggestedholding(hold)ameetingonwhattodonext.10．Nothavingcaught(not，catch)thelastbus，hewaslateandwasthelastonetogettothedestination.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)1．Yesterdayafternoon,helpedmefinishmyhomework,Momstartedtodohousework.helped前加having2．PleaserememberbringmethebookIwantnexttime.remember后加to3．Iappreciateyouh