2024-2025學年高中英語課時作業(yè)22綜合練習含解析北師大版必修4

Unit12CultureShock課時作業(yè)22綜合練習時間：100分鐘滿分：120分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AThedreamtotraveltheworldhasalwaysbeeninthemindofmany.TheNationalGeographicandDiscoveryChannelvideosarejustnotenough.Youcanonlyfeeltheexcitementofexperiencingallthosefascinatingwildlife,countrysideoradventuretourismdocumentariesbytravelingtheworld.Herearethebestdestinationcountriesbasedonsafety,culture,easeoftransportation,andaccommodationforsingletravelersin2024.BaliIslandThecheapestofallcountriestovisit.Livinginacomfortableroom,havingthreemealsadayandafewbeersforonly25dollarsperday!Accommodationandgoodsarecheapeverywhere,especiallywhenyoumovefurthertothenorth.ItalyLinedwitholivetrees,hilltoptowns,andwonderfulbeaches,Italyisoneofthemostsought－afterdestinations;Notforgettingthewineandwine－cookedbarbecues.AllthecitiesofItalyarealwaysfulloftouristsallyeararound.VietnamVietnamsuburbsorthecityofHanoiisjustwhereyouneedtobe.Amazinglandscapes,friendlylocals,cheapfoodandaffordableservices.Cabservicesareamere10dollarsorlesscomparedtocabservicesinthestateswhichcangetashighas30dollarsforacoupleofblocksaway.FranceYoudon'ttalkofFrancewithoutmentioningEiffeltower.Atnight,itgivesthemostincredibleviewofFrance.Avoidthelonglinestothetowerandbookyourtripearlier.ForCatholicsorhistorians,theNotreDameanditssurroundingswillattractyouwithitsancientmummified(制成木乃伊的)cats,whileLesInvalidesmilitarymuseumhasalltypesoftheworldwarweapons.本文屬于說明文，介紹了2024年最相宜單個旅行者旅行的地方，分別是巴厘島、意大利、越南、法國。1．Whichcountrywillprobablybeyourchoiceifyoulikebeaches?A．Indonesia. B.Vietnam.C．France. D.Italy.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段Linedwitholivetrees,hilltoptowns,andwonderfulbeaches,Italyisoneofthemostsought－afterdestinations可知，意大利有很奇妙的沙灘，橄欖樹以及山頂小鎮(zhèn)，故選D。答案：D2．WhatcanyoudoinBaliA．Seemummifiedanimals. B．Appreciatesplendidscenery.C．Buycheapthings. D．Havewine－cookedbarbecues.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段Accommodationandgoodsarecheapeverywhere,especiallywhenyoumovefurthertothenorth.可知，居處和商品到處都很便宜，尤其是當你搬到更北邊的時候，故選C。答案：C3．Whatcanyouinferfromthetext?A．Youcantakeataxiatonly25dollarsinVietnam.B．YoucanseedifferentkindsofweaponsinFrance.C．YoucantastewineandbarbecuesfromallovertheworldinItaly.D．Youcanspendonly10dollarstohaveacomfortabledayinIndonesia.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段whileLesInvalidesmilitarymuseumhasalltypesoftheworldwarweapons可知，法國的LesInvalides軍事博物館陳設著世界上各種各樣的世界斗爭的武器，故選B。答案：BBCheckoutourtsunami(海嘯)factsandlearnsomeinterestinginformationrelatedtothesegreatwallsofwaterthatcancausesomuchdestruction.Findoutwhatcausestsunamisandreadaboutsomenotablerecentexamplesoftsunamisthathaveoccurredaroundtheglobe.Tsunamisarehugewavesofwaterthatareusuallycausedbyearthquakesorvolcaniceruptions.Asatsunamiapproachestheshore,watermaymovebackfromthecoast.Ifitisshallowenough,thewatermaybepulledbackhundredsofmetres.Ifyouareinthearea,observingthisisagoodindicationthatatsunamiisontheway.Regionsintsunamidangerzonesoftenhavewarningsystemsinplacetogivepeopleasmuchtimetoevacuate(撤離)aspossible.Whentsunamishitshallowwater(oftennearthecoast),theyslowdownbutincreaseinheight.AnearthquakeintheIndianOceanoffIndonesiainDecember2004causedatsunamithatkilledover200,000peoplein14countries.InMarch2011,theTohokuearthquakeofftheeasterncoastofJapancausedatsunamithatwasamajorfactorinthedeathofover15,000people.ThetsunamiwavescreatedbytheTohokuearthquakereachedheightsofover40metres(131feet)inmineareas,wipingoutcoastaltownsandcausinganumberofnuclearaccidents.TheJapaneseword“tsunami”literallymeans“harbourwave”．Tsunamisaresometimesreferredtoastidalwavesbutthistermhasfallenoutoffavourbecausetsunamisarenotrelatedtotides.本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講解并描述了海嘯發(fā)生的緣由，并通過舉例的方法來描述海嘯給人類所帶來的危害。4．Whichofthefollowingshowsatsunamiiscomingsoon?A．Anearthquaketakesplace.B．Thewatermarchestowardsthecoast.C．Thewaterneartheshoreispulledback.D．Thewaterneartheshoreisveryshallow.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段“Ifitisshallowenough，thewatermaybepulledbackhundredsofmetres...”可知，“海岸旁邊的海水退去”這一現(xiàn)象是海嘯即將到來的標記，故C項正確。答案：C5．IntheTohokuearthquake,over15,000peoplediedmainlybecauseof________.A．theearthquakeitselfB．thelackofwarningsystemsC．thetsunamicausedbytheearthquakeD．thenuclearaccidentscausedbythetsunami解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第四段“InMarch2011,theTohokuearthquakeofftheeasterncoastofJapancausedatsunamithatwasamajorfactorinthedeathofover15,000people.”可知，地震引起的海嘯是人們死亡的主要緣由，故C項符合題意。答案：C6．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Theword“tsunami”isfromBritishEnglish.B．Theterm“tidalwave”isusedmoreoftenthan“tsunami”．C．SomenuclearaccidentshappenedafterIndonesiatsunami.D．MorepeoplediedinIndonesiatsunamithaninTohokutsunami.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第四段“InMarch2011,theTohokuearthquakeofftheeasterncoastofJapancausedatsunamithatwasamajorfactorinthedeathofover15,000people.”和第五段“AnearthquakeintheIndianOceanoffIndonesiainDecember2004causedatsunamithatkilledover200,000peoplein14countries.”可知，在印度尼西亞海嘯中死亡的人比在東日本大海嘯中死亡的人多，故D項符合題意。答案：D7．Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby________.A．listingsomefactsB．makingsomecomparisonC．providingsomenumbersD．makingsomeconclusions解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章的最終幾段“IndianOceanoffIndonesia”和“Tohokuearthquake”可知，作者主要是通過列舉事實綻開文章，故A項符合題意。答案：ACRecentlysomeAmericanscientistshavegivenausefulsincerepieceofadvicetopeopleinindustrializednationsthattheywouldbemuchhealthieriftheyatemoreofthesamekindoffoodeatenbyhumanslivingmorethan10,000yearsago.Thescientistssaythatthehumanbodyhaschangedverylittlesincehumansfirstappearedontheearth,butthewaywelivehaschangedgreatly.Ourbodyhasnotbeenabletodealwiththesechangesinlifestyleandthishasledtonewkindsofsicknesses.Thesenewsicknesseswerenotknowninancienttimes,sotheyarecalled“diseasesofcivilization”.Manycancersanddiseasesofthebloodsystem,includingheartattacksandstrokesareexamplesofsuchdiseases.ScientistsnotedthatpeopleinboththeOldStoneAgeandtheNewStoneAgeenjoyedverylittlealcoholortobacco,probablynone.Ancientpeoplealsogotagreatdealofphysicalexercise,butachangeinfoodisoneofthemaindifferencesbetweenlifeinancienttimesandthatoftoday.Stone－agepeoplehuntedwildanimalsfortheirmeat,whichhadmuchlessfatthandomesticortameones(家畜).Theyalsoatealotoffreshwildvegetablesandfruits.Theydidn'thavemilkoranyotherdairyproducts,andtheymadeverylittleuseofgrains.Buttoday,weeatalargeamountofthese.Weeatsixtimesmoresaltthanourremoteancestors.Weeatmoresugar.WeeattwiceasmuchfatbutonlyonethirdasmuchproteinandmuchlessvitaminC.Peopletodayprobablydonotwanttolivethewaypeoplethousandsofyearsagodid,butscientistssaythatwewouldbemuchhealthierifweatemuchthesamewayasremoteancestorsdid,cuttingtheamountoffatty,saltyandsweetfood.本文是一篇說明文。最近，一些美國科學家向工業(yè)化國家的人們提出了一條有用而且真誠的建議：假如他們多吃一萬多年前人類所吃的同類食物，他們會更健康。石器時代的人比今日的人健康得多，因為他們吃了很多野生動物，簇新的野生蔬菜和水果。8．Accordingtothepassage,peopleinindustrializednationswouldbemuchhealthieriftheyate________.A．morefoodthanhumansliving10,000yearsagodidB．a(chǎn)smuchfoodashumansliving10,000yearsagodidC．morekindsoffoodeatenbypeoplelivingover10,000yearsagoD．moreofthesamekindoffoodeatenbypeopleover10,000yearsago解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段RecentlysomeAmericanscientistshavegivenausefulsincerepieceofadvicetopeopleinindustrializednationsthattheywouldbemuchhealthieriftheyatemoreofthesamekindoffoodeatenbyhumanslivingmorethan10,000yearsago.可知，工業(yè)化國家的人假如吃生活在一萬多年前的人所吃的同類食物會更健康。故選D。答案：D9．Newkindsofsicknesseshavebeenfoundbecause________.A．thehumanbodyhaschangedcomparedwithhumanswhofirstappearedontheearthB．thewaywelivehaschangedalittleC．ourbodycan'tdealwiththechangesinlifestyleD．thewaywelivetodayisproperforthehumanbody解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中Ourbodyhasnotbeenabletodealwiththesechangesinlifestyleandthishasledtonewkindsofsicknesses.可知，由于我們的身體無法應對生活方式的改變，新的疾病已經(jīng)被發(fā)覺。故選C。答案：C10．Whatisthemaincausethatpeoplesufferfromalotofnewsicknesses?A．Ancientpeopledidagreatdealofphysicalexercise.B．Peopletodayhavealotofalcohol.C．Peopletodayhavemoretobacco.D．Foodtodayisquitedifferentfromthatofancienttimes.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中Ancientpeoplealsogotagreatdealofphysicalexercise,butachangeinfoodisoneofthemaindifferencesbetweenlifeinancienttimesandthatoftoday.可知，人們遭遇很多新疾病的主要緣由是今日的食物和古代的很不一樣。故選D。答案：D11．Accordingtosomescientists,stone－agepeopleweremuchhealthierthanpeopletodaybecausetheyatealotof______.A．milkandotherdairyproductsB．wildanimals,freshwildvegetablesandfruitsC．saltandsugarD．grainfoods解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段第一、二句Stone－agepeoplehuntedwildanimalsfortheirmeat,whichhadmuchlessfatthandomesticortameones(家畜).Theyalsoatealotoffreshwildvegetablesandfruits.可知，依據(jù)一些科學家的說法，石器時代的人比今日的人健康得多，因為他們吃了很多野生動物，簇新的野生蔬菜和水果。故選B。答案：BDReintroducingbeavers(海貍)toBritaincouldhelpcleanuprivers,preventfloodingandminimisesoilloss,anexperthasclaimed.ProfessorRichardBrazier,aresearcherattheUniversityofExeter,saidunpublishedresultsfromatrialareainDevonshowedmuddywaterenteringanareawherebeaverswerelivingwasthreetimescleanerwhenitleft.“Ourtrialhasshownthatthebeaversareabletodamourstreamsinawaythatkeepssoilintheheadwatersofourcatchment(流域)soitdoesn'tblockupriversdownstreamandpolluteourdrinkingandbathingwaters.Ifwebringbeaversback,it'sjustonetoolweneedtosolveBritain'scrisisofsoillossandagriculturalpollutionofwaterways,butit'sausefultool，”hesaid.ProfBrazier'sclaimsweredisputedbytheNationalFarmers'Union(NFU),whichwarnedthatthereintroductionofbeaverstoScotlandhadledtofieldsandforestsbecomingdamaged.SpokesmanMarkPopesaid,“Theknowledgeoftheimpactsbeavershavehadonfarmland,riverbanksandflooddefencesinScotlandisconcerning.WeawaittheresultsoftheDevontrialandwillanalysetheoutcomesthen.”ProfBrazier,anexpertinEarthSurfaceProcesses,insistedtheanimalscouldevenplayausefulroleinpreventingflooding.HetoldBBCNews,“Thepubliciscurrentlypayingpeopletobuildleakydamstokeepstormwatersintheuplands.Thebeaverscandoitfreeofchargeandevenbuildtheirownhomes.”However,ProfessorJaneRickson,asoilspecialistfromCranfieldUniversity,Bedfordshire,joinedtheNFUinsoundinganoteofcaution.Sheagreedthatinsomeplacesinthe本文是一篇環(huán)境類短文閱讀。文章講解并描述英國專家安排將海貍重新引入英國，來幫助清理河流，防止洪水和削減水土流失，但也遭到一部分人的反對。12．Howdobeavershelpcleanuprivers,preventfloodingandminimisesoilloss?A．Bybuildingdamsintheirownway.B．Byprotectingtheforestsorfields.C．Bybuildingtheirownhomesintheriverbank.D．Bydamagingtheirdamstoavoidbuild－upsoflargevolumesofwater.解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段Ourtrialhasshownthatthebeaversareabletodamourstreamsinawaythatkeepssoilintheheadwatersofourcatchment(流域)soitdoesn'tblockupriversdownstreamandpolluteourdrinkingandbathingwaters.可知，試驗表明海貍能以自己的方式筑壩，從而達到幫助清理河流，防止洪水和削減水土流失。故選A。答案：A13．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Beaverscan'tcleanuprivers.B．MarkPopesupportsProfessorRichardBrazier.C．Thescientistshaven'tdecidedtointroducebeavers.D．Beavershavepositiveeffectsonagriculture.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章其次段WeawaittheresultsoftheDevontrialandwillanalysetheoutcomesthen.可知，Devon的試驗還在接著中并將分析其結果，從而可以推想出，科學家還沒有確定引入海貍。故選C。答案：C14．ProfessorJaneRicksondidn'tagreewithProfessorRichardBrazierbecauseshethoughtthat________.A．beaverdamsarenotleakyB．beaverscouldn'tdecreasetheriskoffloodingC．itwouldtakealotoftimetointroducebeaversD．theenvironmentproblemswereextremelyserious解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最終一段Beaversmayinfactreducetheriverchannelandremovevegetation,exposingbankstogreatererosion(侵蝕)andincreasing,ratherthandecreasing,theriskofflooding,shewarned.Andshesaidbeaverdamsshouldbe“l(fā)eaky”toavoidbuild-upsoflargevolumesofwater.可知，JaneRickson認為海貍會增加洪水而不是削減洪水的危急。故選B。答案：B15．Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanyoumostprobablyfindthispassage?A．Technology. B．Environment.C．Education. D．Culture.解析：推理推斷題。本文主要講解并描述英國專家安排將海貍重新引入英國，來幫助清理河流，防止洪水和削減水土流失，從而可以推想文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在網(wǎng)站的環(huán)境部分。故選B。答案：B其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Weknowthatchoosingacollegemajorcanbeextremelyhard.__16__.However，itisachallengetopickonewhenitfeelsasiftherestofyouradultlifeisridingonthatchoice.Itisabigcommitment,butit'snotalifesentence.Manygraduatespursuecareersthataren'tdirectlyrelatedtotheircollegemajors,orchangecareersafterseveralyears.Youmaychoosetobaseyourdecisiononanyofthesefactors：Dreamjob__17__.Maybeyoualreadyknowthatyouwanttobeanurse,adaytrader,aphysician,orawebdeveloper.Beforeyoudeclare,takeaclassortwointherelevantdiscipline,talktostudentsinthedepartmentofyourchoice.GreatambitionAccordingtoPayScale,themajorsthatleadtothehighestsalariesincludejustaboutanytypeofengineering,actuarialmathematics，computerscience,physics,statistics,governmentandeconomics.Keepyourqualityoflifeinmind,too.__18__.__19__Somestudentschooseamajorsimplybecausetheylovethesubjectmatter.Ifyoulovewhatyou'restudying,you'remorelikelytofullyengagewithyourclassesandcollegeexperience.__20__.Ifyourcallingisphilosophy,don'twriteitoffjustbecauseyou'renotsureaboutgraduateschool，orwhatthejobmarketholdsforphilosophers.A．LoveyourprojectB．TheacademyoftheschoolC．ManyschoolsofferhundredsofchoicesD．ScienceisaspecificsubjectthatcollegestudentsspecializeinE．ThatcanmeanbettergradesandgreatrelationshipswithothersinyourfieldF．Thatsevenfiguresalarymaynotbeworthitifyou'renothappyattheofficeG．Somestudentschooseamajorbecauseitwillpreparethemforaspecificcareerpathoradvancedstudy這是一篇爭論文。文章作者對于如何選擇高校專業(yè)，提出學生須要考慮的幾個因素。16．C解析：上文Weknowthatchoosingacollegemajorcanbeextremelyhard.意思是我們知道選擇一個高校專業(yè)特別難，該空承接上文，C選項“很多學校供應許很多多的選擇”切題，故選C。17．G解析：下文Maybeyoualreadyknowthatyouwanttobeanurse,adaytrader,aphysician,orawebdeveloper.意思是可能你已經(jīng)知道你想要成為一名護士、當日交易者、一名內(nèi)科醫(yī)生或者一名網(wǎng)頁開發(fā)者，該空引出下文，G選項“有些學生選擇一個專業(yè)是因為它們?yōu)樘囟ǖ穆殬I(yè)道路或是進修做打算”切題，故選G。18．F解析：上文Keepyourqualityoflifeinmind,too.的意思為也要考慮你的生活質(zhì)量，該空與上文相呼應，F(xiàn)選項“假如你在辦公室不快樂，那七位數(shù)的工資也不值得”切題，故選F。19．A解析：這一段主要講了假如你愛所學的專業(yè)，你才能全身心的投入到學習和高校體驗中，所以這一段的標題應當是“愛你的專業(yè)”，故選A。20．E解析：上文Ifyoulovewhatyou'restudying,you'remorelikelytofullyengagewithyourclassesandcollegeexperience.意思是假如你酷愛你所學的專業(yè)，你更可能會全身心地投入課程和高校體驗中，該空承接上文，E選項“那意味著在你的領域，會有更好的成果和更融洽的人際關系”切題，故選E。語言學問運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)：完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。BeaTraveler,NotaTouristLastsummer,Ihadjustenoughmoneysavedtobuyagoldenticket—a3－monthtrainpassthatwouldtakemetothefurthestreachesofEurope.Excitedformyjourney,I__21__allthenecessities—__22__theguidebook.Whilethe__23__oftheInternetwasdefinitelyacontributingfactortomy__24__，thiswasnottheonlyreasonIdecidedtofly__25__.Tobehonest,Ifindtheguidebook__26__ajourney—likeabossyauntwhoisalwaystellingyouwhattodo,__27__shedoesn'talwaysknowwhat'sbest.__28__hastaughtmethatthereisaclear__29__betweenatouristandatraveler.WhilewaitinginaqueuetoseeMichelangelo'sStatueofDavidinFlorence,Imetamanwhoshowedmehis__30__of“Top20ThingstodoinItaly”andtoldus__31__thathe'd“seen”everythingItalyhasto__32__injustfourdays.TheproblemIhadwiththisman'swayof__33__wasthathewastoo__34__theinformationprovidedbyhisguidebook.Hewas__35__intheso－called“must－sees”andblindtoallthatwashappeningsomewhereelse.So,guidebook－lessaswewere,ItraveledtoEstonia.Arrivingfornogoodreason,Ihadnooptionbutto__36__somefriendlyfacesforadvice.I__37__myselfandaskedthemwhatwashappeningaroundtown.Whenthisresultedinan__38__toabeautifulEstonianhomebyariverwhereIenjoyeda110－degreewood－stovesauna(桑拿),__39__pickedforest－mushroomsandthegood__40__ofmyfivenew－foundEstonianfriends,IwasmostgladIhadleftourbossyauntathome.本文是一篇記敘文，作者講解并描述了自己不帶指南旅游享受到的樂趣，告知我們要做一個旅行者而不是游客。21．A.loaded B．collectedC．packed D．selected解析：考查動詞辨析。A.loaded裝載；B.collected收集；C.packed打包；D.selected選擇。依據(jù)前面的“formyjourney”可知，我為旅行打包東西，故C項正確。答案：C22．A.except B．withC．including D．besides解析：考查介詞辨析。A.except除了；B.with帶有；C.including包括；D.besides除……之外還。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，我認為旅游指南有很大的局限性，所以沒有帶旅游指南，故A項正確。答案：A23．Apetence B．convenienceC．instance D．performance解析：考查名詞辨析。Apetence實力；B.convenience便利；C.instance例子；D.performance表演。依據(jù)常識可知，網(wǎng)絡很便利，故B項正確。答案：B24．A.goal B．decisionC．excuse D．mistake解析：考查名詞辨析。A.goal目標；B.decision確定；C.excuse借口；D.mistake錯誤。依據(jù)本空后的“thiswasnottheonlyreasonIdecidedtofly__25__.”可知，雖然互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的便利性無疑是我的確定的一個因素，但并不是我獨自旅行的唯一緣由，故B項正確。答案：B25．A.around B．a(chǎn)wayC．a(chǎn)broad D．a(chǎn)lone解析：考查副詞辨析。A.around四周；B.away離開；C.abroad在國外；D.alone獨自。依據(jù)上文可知，我是一個人獨自去旅行的，故D項正確。答案：D26．A.limits B．influencesC．confuses D．encourages解析：考查動詞辨析。A.limits限制；B.influences影響；C.confuses迷惑；D.encourages激勵。依據(jù)后文“l(fā)ikeabossyauntwhoisalwaystellingyouwhattodo”可知，旅游指南會限制人的旅行，就像一個專橫的阿姨總是告知你該怎么做，故A項正確。答案：A27．A.incase B．a(chǎn)sthoughC．eventhough D．ifonly解析：考查短語辨析。A.incase萬一；B.asthough似乎；C.eventhough盡管；D.ifonly要是……多好。依據(jù)本空后的“shedoesn'talwaysknowwhat'sbest”可知，盡管她不知道什么最好，她還是總是會告知你該怎么做，故C項正確。答案：C28．A.Regulation B．CommunicationC．Intelligence D．Experience解析：考查名詞辨析。A.Regulation規(guī)則；B．Communication溝通；C.Intelligence智力；D．Experience閱歷。上文說我不像一般游客那樣拿著旅行指南旅游，閱歷告知我游客和旅行者之間有明顯的不同，故D項正確。答案：D29．A.relationship B．connectionC．similarity D．difference解析：考查名詞辨析。A.relationship關系；B.connection聯(lián)系；C.similarity相像；D.difference不同。閱歷告知我游客和旅行者之間有明顯的區(qū)分，故D項正確。答案：D30．A.list B．bookC．file D．summary解析：考查名詞辨析。A.list名單；B.book書；C.file文件；D．summary概要。依據(jù)后文“Top20ThingstodoinItaly”可知，他向我展示了一份“在意大利要做的20件事”的清單，故A項正確。答案：A31．A.loudly B．positivelyC．proudly D．happily解析：考查副詞辨析。A.loudly大聲地；B.positively主動地；C.proudly傲慢地；D.happily歡樂地。依據(jù)后文“he'd‘seen’everythingItalyhasto__32__injustfourdays.”可知，他傲慢地說他在短短四天內(nèi)就見識了意大利所能供應的一切，故C項正確。答案：C32．A.recommend B．offerC．discover D．order解析：考查動詞辨析。A.recommend舉薦；B.offer供應；C.discover發(fā)覺；D.order吩咐。他在短短四天內(nèi)就見識了意大利所能供應的一切，故B項正確。答案：B33．A.traveling B．planningC．preparing D．moving解析：考查動詞辨析。A.traveling旅行；B.planning安排；C.preparing打算；D.moving移動。依據(jù)后文“wasthathewastoo__34__theinformationprovidedbyhisguidebook.”可知，這個旅行方式的問題是太專注于旅行指南供應的信息，故A項正確。答案：A34．A.cautiousabout B．a(chǎn)musedbyC．surprisedat D．focusedon解析：考查形容詞短語辨析。A.cautiousabout謹慎于；B.amusedby對……感到好玩；C.surprisedat驚異于……；D.focusedon專注于、集中于。依據(jù)上文可知，這個旅行方式的問題是太專注于旅行指南供應的信息，故D項正確。答案：D35．A.involved B．interestedC．lost D．engaged解析：考查形容詞辨析。A.involved有牽扯的；B.interested感愛好的；C.lost迷失的；D.engaged忙的。依據(jù)語境可知，他迷失在所謂的“必看”中，對其他地方發(fā)生的一切視而不見，故C項正確。答案：C36．A.approach B．begC．spot D．seize解析：考查動詞辨析。A.approach靠近、走近；B.beg懇求；C.spot認出；D.seize抓住。依據(jù)本空后的“somefriendlyfacesforadvice.”可知，我別無選擇，只能向(走近)一些友好的面孔征求看法，故A項正確。答案：A37．A.presented B．helpedC．introduced D．forced解析：考查動詞辨析。A.presented呈現(xiàn)；B.helped幫助；C.introduced介紹；D.forced強迫。我自我介紹，問他們城里發(fā)生了什么事，故C項正確。答案：C38．A.application B．immigrationC．entrance D．invitation解析：考查名詞辨析。A.application應用；B．immigration移民；C.entrance進入；D.invitation邀請。依據(jù)下文情節(jié)可知，我被一個愛沙尼亞人邀請到河邊的家，在那里我享受了110度的木爐桑拿浴，故D項正確。答案：D39．A.nervously B．rarelyC．secretly D．locally解析：考查副詞辨析。A.nervously驚慌地；B.rarely罕見地；C.secretly隱私地；D.locally在當?shù)?。依?jù)語境可知，我享用了本地采摘的蘑菇，故D項正確。答案：D40．A.quality B．companyC．occupation D．a(chǎn)dvice解析：考查名詞辨析。A.quality質(zhì)量；Bpany陪伴；C.occupation職業(yè)；D.advice建議。依據(jù)本空后的“ofmyfivenew－foundEstonianfriends，”可知，我有五個新結識的愛沙尼亞摯友的陪伴，故B項正確。答案：B其次節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下列短文，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Itseemsthatartificial__41__(intelligent)candomuchmorethanwhatwehaveeverimagined.Fromcontrollingthelightinginourhomesto__42__(help)usorderpizza,AIhasbecomeanimportantpartofoureverydaylife.Butwhataboutthemorecreativeworksofmankind?Art,music,poetry—theseareinspirednotbylogicorreason,__43__byemotion.In2024,researchersinSwitzerlandcreatedthe“deepartificialcomposer(DAC)”，__44__cancreateoriginalmusicallby__45__(it).Thescientiststraineditto“l(fā)isten”toover2,000differentfolksongsand__46__(base)onthisinput,theAItaughtitselfhowtogetthepitch(音高)andtimingandchoosetherightnotes.Besidesmusic,AIalready__47__(enter)theworldofpoetryaswell.In2024,ChineseandJapaneseresearcherswroteanAIprogramthatusesimagestowritepoems.Thenthepoemsweresentto500humanjudges,whowereaskedtotell__48__theywerewrittenbyahumanoracomputer.Theresultshowedthatas__49__as200judgesmistakenlythoughttheywerewrittenbyahuman.Soifyouwere__50__artistoramusician,wouldyouwatchout?這是一篇說明文。似乎人工智能能做的事情比我們想象的多得多，除了應用在我們的日常生活中，它也已經(jīng)被應用到了藝術領域，即使是藝術家也很難區(qū)分作品是人類所寫的還是計算機所寫的。41．intelligence解析：考查名詞。句意：似乎人工智能能做的事情比我們想象的多得多。artificial為形容詞，修飾名詞intelligence。故填intelligence。42．helping解析：考查動名詞。句意：從限制家里的燈光到幫我們點比薩，人工智能已經(jīng)成為我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹闹匾M成部分。to為介詞，后接動名詞helping。故填helping。43．but解析：考查固定搭配。句意：藝術、音樂、詩歌——這些靈感并非來自邏輯和理性，而是來自情感。not...but“不是……而是”為固定短語。且符合句意。故填but。44．which解析：考查關系代詞。句意：在2024年，瑞士的探討人員創(chuàng)建了“智能作曲家”，它可以自己創(chuàng)作原創(chuàng)音樂。分析句子可知，deepartificialcomposer為先行詞，在后面的非限制性定語從句中作主語，所以關系代詞為which。故填which。45．itself解析：考查反身代詞。句意：在2024年，瑞士的探討人員創(chuàng)建了“智能作曲家”，它可以自己創(chuàng)作原創(chuàng)音樂。這里表示智能作曲家自己能創(chuàng)作原創(chuàng)音樂。所以用反身代詞itself。故填itself。46．based解析：考查過去分詞。句意：科學家訓練它“聽”2000多首不同的民歌，基于這些輸入，人工智能自學如何獲得音高和調(diào)速，選擇正確的音符。bebasedon“以……為基礎”，為固定短語。在本句中為過去分詞短語作狀語。故填based。47．has_entered解析：考查現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：除了音樂，人工智能已經(jīng)進入了詩歌的世界。由“already”以及句意可知，本句為現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為AI，謂語為hasentered。故填hasentered。48．whether解析：考查連接詞。句意：然后這些詩被發(fā)送給500名人類評委，他們被要求告知它們是由人類還是計算機寫的。分析句子可知，tell后接賓語從句，空處缺少連接詞，由“or”可知，空處應填whether。whether...or是……還是。故填whether。49．many解析：考查形容詞。句意：結果顯示，多達200名評委錯誤地認為這些作品是由人寫的。asmanyas“多達”修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。故填many。50．a(chǎn)n解析：考查冠詞。句意：所以假如你是藝術家或音樂家