北京市統(tǒng)考卷-【名師研究】2023年中考英語摸底卷(原卷版+解析)

【名師研究】2023年中考英語摸底卷北京市統(tǒng)考卷（滿分60分，考試時間90分鐘）第一部分本部分共33題，共40分。在每題列出的四個選項中，選出最符合題目要求的一項。一、單項填空（每題0.5分，共6分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1．ZhangGuimei________inless-developedareasfor40years.A．works B．isworking C．hasworked D．willwork2．—Tony,doyouknow________?—Yes.It’sbehindthebigsupermarket.A．whereisthenearestcinema B．wherethenearestcinemaisC．wherewasthenearestcinema D．wherethenearestcinemawas3．—Tom,________youfinishyourhomeworkintenminutes?—Yes,Ican.A．must B．should C．need D．can4．—________doyoulookworried,Mike?—Ilostmynewbike.A．How B．When C．Where D．Why5．Weplantedsometrees________theparkyesterday.A．on B．to C．in D．of6．Thispairofshoesarenice,________Idon’tlikethecolor.A．for B．so C．but D．or7．Mymothertakesgoodcareofmygrandpa.Sheis________thaneverbefore.A．patient B．morepatient C．mostpatient D．themostpatient8．Lookatthesign.You________takephotosinthismuseum.A．wouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t9．Ithinkplayingbaseballis________thananyothersport.A．interesting B．moreinterestingC．mostinteresting D．themostinteresting10．—Excuseme,________isthiscoat?—It’s168yuan.A．howmany B．howold C．howlong D．howmuch11．I________youfortwoyears.Imissyouverymuch.A．don’tsee B．won’tsee C．didn’tsee D．haven’tseen12．Nancyishappy________shehasgotanewideaforherhistoryproject.A．because B．while C．if D．though二、完形填空（每題1分，共8分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。Iwasaboyofninein1960.IusedtomowthelawnforMrs.Long.Shepaidmelittleforthejob,butpromisedtogivemeaChristmas____13____.Ispentmuchtimewonderingwhatitwouldbe.ManyboyshadbaseballglovesoriceskatesandIwaseagertohaveanyofthese.“Itwouldhardlybeabaseballglove,”I____14____withmyself.”Shewouldn’tknowmuchaboutbaseball.”SoIwasquitesurethatshewouldgivemeiceskates.Ievenimaginedmyselfupontheskates.AsChristmaswascoming,itwas____15____formenottoaskMrs.Longformypresent.OnDecember22,Ipresentedmyselfatthedoorofthehouse.Mrs.Longhandedmeasmallboxwhichcouldn’tholdapairofskates.Iwas____16____.Whenliftingitfromher,Iwascuriousaboutthelightnessofthepresent.Itweighedalmostnothing.“Whatisit?”Iasked.“Akindofmagic,”shesaid.Herwordswereenoughtosetmyminddancingwithnew____17____.OnChristmasmorning,Ihadthisboxonmyknees.WithgreatexcitementIopenedtheboxtofindinsidetensheets(紙張)ofblackpaper,eachwrittenincolorfulletters,CarbonPaperRegalPremium.“Whatisit?”Iasked.Mumtooktwopiecesofwhitepaper,____18____betweenthemoneoftheblackpaper,andwrotemynameontheuppersheet.Thenshehandedmethesecondsheetwithoutherpenciltouching.Therewasmyname!Itwasamiracle(奇跡)tomychildishmind.Inthatonemoment,Irememberedthe____19____abouttheduplication(復(fù)制)ofwordsandtheprinting.ThankMrs.Longforherwisdomtoguessthataboymight____20____fromapresentcompletelyoutsideofhisordinaryexperience.13．A．present B．letter C．card D．baseball14．A．checked B．reasoned C．expected D．complained15．A．sad B．happy C．difficult D．patient16．A．excited B．a(chǎn)nxious C．pleasant D．disappointed17．A．energy B．surprise C．possibilities D．confidence18．A．played B．placed C．noticed D．hoped19．A．ideas B．papers C．choices D．suggestions20．A．spread B．keep C．teach D．benefit三、閱讀理解（每題2分，共26分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。AEveryweek,LiuFang,a38-year-oldmediaworkerinBeijing,goestoastorewhichsellsnear-expired(將要過期的)foodinSanlitunandreturnswithabagofsnacksordrinks.“Thepricetagsonthesegoodshavecaughtmyeye.Theyareoftensoldat10%to30%ofthemarketprice,”Liusaid.“Moreimportantly,mostofthemarefrombigbrands(品牌).Whywouldn’tIlovethem?”LiuisamongtheincreasingnumberofChinesepeoplewhoenjoybuyingnear-expiredfoodatmuchcheaperprices.AccordingtothelatestreportbyiiMediaResearch,thenear-expiredfoodindustryhadamarketsizeofover30billionyuanin2020.47.8%oftheconsumers(消費者)areagedbetween26and35.Unlikethetraditionalthinkingthatbuyingsuchgoodsmakesthemfeelshy,moreandmoreyoungpeopleconsideritasakindofsustainableconsumption(可持續(xù)消費)thatcanhelpreducefoodwaste.“Idon’tcaremuchaboutthedateaslongasIcaneatitbeforeitsexpiry.Itmeetsmyneedswhilesavingresourcesandprotectingtheenvironment,whichisagoodthing,”WuLin,a19-year-oldcollegestudentandafanofnear-expiredfood,toldXinhua.Actually,foodwasteisagreatchallengeforChinaandothercountries.Accordingtoa2020reportfromtheNationalPeople’sCongress,about18billionkilogramsoffoodiswastedeveryyearinChina’surbancateringindustry(城鎮(zhèn)餐飲業(yè)).“AsmoreChinesepeoplechoosetobuynear-expiredfood,thefoodwastewillbereduced,”saidLiu.AccordingtoCGTN,Chinahadthetraditionofsavingfoodleadingtothe1990s.Aspeople’slivesimprovedgreatly,manybegantomakeorordermorefoodthancouldbeconsumed,CGTNreported.Butthetrend(趨勢)ofbuyingnear-expiredfoodmaysuggestthattheChinesevirtue(美德)offrugality(節(jié)約)iscomingback.“I’vebeenveryfrugalallmylife.Livingthroughaseriousfamine(饑荒),I’musedtosavingeverygrainandeverypenny,”awomanborninthe1950s,toldCGTN.“I’mhappytoseemoreyoungpeoplejoiningourgroup.”21．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Oldconsumersdon’tlikenear-expiredsnacksordrinks.B．MostoffoodfrombigbrandsisatcheaperpricesinSanlitun.C．LiuFanggoestoSanlituntosellnear-expiredfoodeveryweek.D．MoreChinesepeopleenjoybuyingnear-expiredfoodatmuchcheaperpricesnow.22．Whatistheinfluenceofbuyingnear-expiredfoodinChinaaccordingtoCGTN?A．Youngpeoplewon’tbuyexpensivethings.B．Peopledon’tlikecaringabouttheproductiondate.C．Moreandmorepeoplewon’tbuyfoodatrightprices.D．TheChinesevirtueoffrugalitymayreturntoourdailylife.23．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．TheChinesetraditionalvirtueoffrugality.B．Thesuccessofthenear-expiredfoodbusiness.C．Anewshoppingtrendamongyoungconsumers.D．Differentopinionsaboutbuyingnear-expiredfood.BJanewasfromasmallvillageinSouthAfrica.Herfamilywaspoorandnoodlesweretheironlyfood.Herparentscouldn’taffordtopaytheelectricitybill,soshehadtostudybycandlelight.Whatwasworse,toliveon,herparentsmovedtoafarawayvillagewithotherfourchildren.AsforJane,shedidn’twanttogiveuplearningandshedreamedofenteringafamousuniversity.Shestuckto(堅守)livingaloneinhervillage.AfterJane’sparentsleft,shelivedadifficultlife.Havingnoplacetolivein,thehomelessgirlhadtosleeponthebackseatoftheschoolbus.Luckily,Mrs.Brown,aschoolbusdriver,learntaboutJane’ssituationandinvitedJanetolivewithherfamily.Soon,Janefoundajobinherschool.Shehelpedintheschoolkitchenfrom6:00amto7:40ambeforethefirstschoolbellrang.Shealsosweptfloorandpickeduprubbishintheafternoons.Withthemoneyshegotfromthework,shepaidforhereducation.Andshestayeduplateintheeveningsstudyingforallkindsofexamsdayafterday.Jane’shardworkmadeadifferencetoherlife.ShefinishedhighschoolinCapeTownandwasacceptedbyHarvard,oneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheworld,withfullscholarship(獎學(xué)金).The18-year-oldgirlsurprisedtheworld.24．WhydidJanesticktolivingaloneinthevillage?A．Shecouldeatenoughfoodinthevillage. B．Shehadtopaytheelectricitybillherself.C．Shedidn’twanttogiveupherdream. D．Shedidn’twanttoleaveherfriends.25．Accordingtothepassage,whichisNOTright?A．Mrs.BrownhelpedJanefindagoodjobonthebus.B．Janewasinvitedtolivewiththeschooldriver’sfamily.C．Janepaidforhereducationwiththemoneyshegotfromthework.D．JanewasacceptedbyHarvardwhenshewas18yearsold.26．Whathavewelearntfromthepassage?A．HarvardhaschangedJane’slife. B．Anysuccessisdependedonone’seffort.C．Jane’ssuccessbelongstothebusdriver. D．Agirlborninapoorfamilyiseasiertosucceed.CBackgroundknowledgeistheknowledgeapersonhasabouttheworldwhenheorshestartstoreadatext.Itisagreedthatbackgroundknowledgeplaysanimportantroleinreading.Putsimply,themoreyouknowaboutatopic,theeasieritisforyoutoreadatext,understandit,andremembertheinformation.Tounderstandthis,herearetwopoints.First,backgroundknowledgeenablesreaderstochoosebetweendifferentmeaningsofwords.Forexample,ifyoureadtheword“operation”inasportsarticle,youmightthinkaboutasportspersonwithaseriousinjury（傷）.Butifyoureadthewordinamathtext,you’dthinkaboutamathematicalprocess.Second,understandingatextrequiresreaderstofillmissinginformationandmakeinferences.Todothis,readersneedtohavesomebasicknowledgeaboutthetopic.Studentsgetbackgroundknowledgeboththroughpersonalexperiencesandbylearningintheclassroom.Thenhowcanteachershelpstudentsbuildbackgroundknowledge?Herearesomesuggestions.Beginbyteachingwordsincategories（類別）.Forexample,teacherscantrysomethingassimpleasthis:“Apples,bananas,strawberries,mangoes.Theyareatypeof...（fruit）.Categoriesofobjectsandtheuseofgenericnouns（統(tǒng)稱）canhelpstudentsincreasevocabularyanddevelopconcepts（概念）.________.Readingbuildsknowledge,butwidereadinghasusuallybeentakenasreadingaboutalotofdifferenttopics.Teacherscantryadifferentway:encouragechildrentofindaninterestandreadasmanybooksastheycanononetopic.Thiswillhelpthemdevelopadeeperknowledgeonatopic.Usemultimedia（多媒體）.Directexperiencesarethemosteffectivewaystobuildknowledge.Thereisnothingmoreexcitingforstudentsthanlearningthroughdirectexperiences,suchasfieldtripsandotheractivities.Althoughmultimediacannotreplacereal-lifeexperiences,itcanoftenprovidealotofinformationthatwecouldonlywishtoexperiencefirsthand.Itcanalsointroducechildrentoimportantwordsandconcepts.Backgroundknowledgeisimportantinastudent’sabilitytofullyunderstandatext.Teachers’effortscanhelpstudentsbecomestrongerthinkersandlife-longreadersandlearners.27．Thewritertalksabouttheword“operation”inParagraph2toexplain________.A．whatbackgroundknowledgeisB．whybackgroundknowledgeisimportantC．whenpeopleneedbackgroundknowledgeD．howpeopledevelopbackgroundknowledge28．WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttopicsentenceforParagraph5?A．Makewidereadinginteresting.B．Introducedifferenttopicstostudents.C．Encouragetopic-centeredwidereading.D．Helpstudentsfindtheirfavouritebooks.29．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Vocabularyisthegreatestdifficultyinunderstandingatext.B．Makinginferenceshaslittleconnectionwithbackgroundknowledge.C．Multimediaismoreusefulthandirectexperiencesinbuildingknowledge.D．Developingvocabularyandconceptscanhelpbuildbackgroundknowledge.DHumanactivityischangingthesurfaceandtemperatureofourplanet.Butnewresearchshowsitisalsochangingthesoundofoceansandseas.Scientistssaythesechangesaffect（影響）manyseaanimals—fromverysmallfishtohugewhales.Soundtravelsveryfarunderwater.Forfish,soundisabetterwaytosensetheirenvironmentthanlight.Theyusesoundstocommunicatewitheachother.Soundsalsohelpsomeoceananimalsfindfoodandavoidtheirhunters.Soundshelpfishandotherseaanimalssurvive（生存）.However,increasednoisefromhumansismakingitharderfortheseanimalstoheareachother.Thenoisecomesfromshippingtraffic,underwateroilandgasexploration,andothernoisyhumanactivity.Formanyseaanimals,theireffortstocommunicatearebeingmasked（被掩蓋）bysoundsthathumanshaveintroduced.Expertsexplainthetermmasking,whichhappenswhenoneormorenoisesinthewaterblocksoundimportanttoanoceananimal’slife.TheRedSeaisoneoftheworld’smostimportantshippingpassages.ItisfulloflargeshipstravelingtoAsia,Europe,andAfrica.Somefishandotheranimalsnowavoidthenoisiestareas.Also,theoverallnumberofseaanimalshasgonedownbyabouthalfsince1970.Insomepartsoftheocean,scientistsnowrecordfeweranimalssingingandcallingthaninthepast.Expertssaythateffectsofnoiseonseaanimalsarenotwellunderstood.However,somestudiessuggestthatnoisemaycausehearingloss.Thestressfromhumannoisemightalsoaffecttheimmune（免疫）system-ananimal’snaturaldefensesystem.Manyseaanimalsareshowinghigherlevelsofstressbecauseofnoise.Whenpeoplethinkofthreats（威脅）facingtheocean,weoftenthinkofclimatechange,plastics,andoverfishing.Butnoisepollutionisanothernecessarythingweneedtobemonitoring.Whenitcomestosomethinghumanscandofortheocean,weneedtothinkabouthowtomakeitquieter.Soundpollutionmaybeeasiertodealwiththanotheroceanthreats.Youcanreduceorturnoffsoundimmediately.It’snotlikeplasticsorclimatechange,whicharemuchhardertoundo.30．Accordingtothepassage,soundscanhelpseaanimalsinmanywaysexcept________.A．blockingthesunshineoutside B．searchingforsomethingtoeatC．gettingawayfromtheirhunters D．communicatingwitheachother31．Whatcanyouknowfromthepassage?A．Noisedoesmoreharmtoseaanimalsthanhumansrealize.B．Plasticpollutionisthebiggestthreatfacingoceansandseas.C．Fishsensetheirenvironmentbetterthroughlightthansound.D．TheRedSeaisoneofthemostpopularfishingareasintheworld.32．Theunderlinedwords“toundo”inParagraph6probablymean“________”.A．toinvolvetheeffort B．topromisetheresult C．tocanceltheeffects D．toforgettheinfluences33．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WhyAreOceanAnimalsSoNoisy? B．HelpfulWaystoSaveOceanAnimals.C．HumansAreMakingOceansTooNoisy. D．WhichThreattoOceansIstheBiggest?第二部分本部分共6題，共20分。根據(jù)題目要求，完成相應(yīng)任務(wù)。四、閱讀表達(dá)（每題2分，共10分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。TouchdowntoEarthChinawelcomedthreeheroicastronautsZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfuhomeonApril16.ThisreturnendedtheShenzhouXIIIastronauts’six-monthspacemission.Italsomarksamajor(重大的)breakthroughforChina’seffortsinspace.Inordertoreturnhomesafety,theydidalotofpreparationbeforeleavingthespacestation.Ifyouarecominghomeafteralongjourney,youhavetopackup.Forastronautsinspace,besidestheirpersonalbelongings,they“packed”experimentaldata(數(shù)據(jù))andsamples,sotheywouldbefurtherresearchedonEarth.Theastronautshadtotidyupalargenumberofmaterials,includinggoodsontheTianzhou3cargo(貨物)spacecraft,accordingtoZhongWeiwei,aresearcherattheChinaAstronautResearchandTrainingCenter.Sincethespacestationhadnoroomservice,thethreeastronautsneededto“clearthehouse”themselves.Theycollectedagreatamountofwaste.Thisincludedleftoverfoods,sanitary(衛(wèi)生)wasteandwastefromin-orbitexperiments.Thewastewasthenputintotheorbitalmodule(軌道艙),whichburntupasitreenteredEarth’satmosphere.TheyalsohadtoputallequipmentinplacecorrectlysincetherewouldbeagapofmorethanonemonthbeforetheastronautsofShenzhouXIVenterthespacestation,accordingtoZhong.Theyneededtomakesuresomeitems,suchasgymequipment,werefixedtothewallstoavoidfloatingandslipping(滑落).Astronautsexperiencedmicrogravityforlongperiodsoftimeduringtheirstaysonthespacestation,whichhadaneffectontheirbodies.Thisincludedalossoffluid(體液)muscleatrophy(萎縮)aswellasboneloss.Toensuretheirsafeandsoundreturn,thethreeastronautshadbeendoingphysicalexercisestotraintheirmusclesforthereturntoEarth.Basedontheirin-orbitphysicalexaminationsanddata,expertshadcustomized(定制)exerciseplansforeachofthemtoensureasafelanding.Justlikeahousethatwillbevacant(空著的)foralongtimemusthaveit’swaterandpowerswitchedoff,astronautscheckedeverythingbeforetheyleft.Basedonexperienceathomeandabroad,theycheckedandadjusted40to50itemstoensurethatthespacestationcouldtransmitvalidparameters(參數(shù))tothegroundduringsubsequentunmannedmissions.34．Whendidthethreeastronautsreturntoearthsafety?________________________________________________________35．Whatdidthey“pack”experimentaldataandsamplesfor?________________________________________________________36．Wheredidtheyputthewastetheycollected?________________________________________________________37．Howdidexpertshelpthethreeastronautsreturn?________________________________________________________38．Whatdoyouthinkofstayinginspace?Whydoyouthinkso?________________________________________________________五、文段表達(dá)（10分）39．假如你是李華，你的英國朋友Peter給你發(fā)郵件說自己最近經(jīng)過多次嘗試終于學(xué)會了做中國傳統(tǒng)美食一餃子，開心不已。詢問你在日常的學(xué)習(xí)和生活中，是否有過類似經(jīng)歷。請用英語回復(fù)一封郵件，分享一件你曾經(jīng)嘗試的新事物，學(xué)到了什么以及你的感受。注意：根據(jù)中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50詞的文段寫作。文中已給出內(nèi)容不計入總詞數(shù)。所給提示詞語僅供選用。請不要寫出你的校名和姓名。提示詞語：practice,overcome(克服),difficulty,proud提示問題：●Whatnewthinghaveyouevertriedtodo?●Whathaveyoulearntfromyourexperience?●Howdoyoufeelaboutit?DearPeter,I’mgladtoreceiveyouremail._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【名師研究】2023年中考英語摸底卷北京市統(tǒng)考卷（滿分60分，考試時間90分鐘）第一部分本部分共33題，共40分。在每題列出的四個選項中，選出最符合題目要求的一項。一、單項填空（每題0.5分，共6分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1．ZhangGuimei________inless-developedareasfor40years.A．works B．isworking C．hasworked D．willwork【答案】C【解析】句意：張桂梅已經(jīng)在欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)工作40年了?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時。根據(jù)“for40years”可知她已經(jīng)在欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)工作40年了，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，謂語結(jié)構(gòu)是have/hasdone。故選C。2．—Tony,doyouknow________?—Yes.It’sbehindthebigsupermarket.A．whereisthenearestcinema B．wherethenearestcinemaisC．wherewasthenearestcinema D．wherethenearestcinemawas【答案】B【解析】句意：——湯姆，你知道最近的電影院在哪里嗎？——知道。它在大超市的后面?？疾橘e語從句。根據(jù)“doyouknow…”可知，此處是賓語從句，故應(yīng)該用陳述語序，排除A、C項。根據(jù)答語“It’sbehindthebigsupermarket.”可知，be動詞用is。故選B。3．—Tom,________youfinishyourhomeworkintenminutes?—Yes,Ican.A．must B．should C．need D．can【答案】D【解析】句意：——湯姆，你能在十分鐘內(nèi)完成你的作業(yè)嗎？——是的，我能?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞辨析。must必須；should應(yīng)該；need需要；can能。根據(jù)答語“Yes,Ican”可知空處應(yīng)用can，故選D。4．—________doyoulookworried,Mike?—Ilostmynewbike.A．How B．When C．Where D．Why【答案】D【解析】——你為什么看起來很煩惱，Mike？——我丟失了我的自行車。how如何；when什么時候；where哪里；why為什么。根據(jù)“Ilostmynewbike.”可知，提問的是Mike煩惱的原因。故選D。5．Weplantedsometrees________theparkyesterday.A．on B．to C．in D．of【答案】C【解析】句意：昨天我們在公園里種了一些樹?？疾榻樵~詞義辨析。on在……上面；to到，往；in在……里面；of……的。結(jié)合語境，inthepark意為“在公園里”，故選C。6．Thispairofshoesarenice,________Idon’tlikethecolor.A．for B．so C．but D．or【答案】C【解析】句意：這雙鞋不錯，但我不喜歡它的顏色。考查連詞辨析。for因為；so因此；but但是；or或者。“Thispairofshoesarenice”與“Idon’tlikethecolor”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but符合語境。故選C。7．Mymothertakesgoodcareofmygrandpa.Sheis________thaneverbefore.A．patient B．morepatient C．mostpatient D．themostpatient【答案】B【解析】句意：我的媽媽照顧我的爺爺。她比以前更有耐心了。考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)“than”可知應(yīng)用比較級；patient“耐心的”，比較級為morepatient。故選B。8．Lookatthesign.You________takephotosinthismuseum.A．wouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t【答案】C【解析】句意：看這個標(biāo)志。禁止在這個博物館里拍照?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞辨析。couldn’t不能；needn’t不需要；mustn’t禁止；wouldn’t將不。根據(jù)“Lookatthesign...takephotosinthismuseum.”及常識可知，應(yīng)該是“禁止拍照”，應(yīng)用mustn’t。故選C。9．Ithinkplayingbaseballis________thananyothersport.A．interesting B．moreinterestingC．mostinteresting D．themostinteresting【答案】B【解析】句意：我認(rèn)為打棒球比其他任何運動都更有趣。考查比較級。根據(jù)“thananyothersport”可知句子含有比較意味，表達(dá)比其他任何運動都“更有趣”，用“moreinteresting”。故選B。10．—Excuseme,________isthiscoat?—It’s168yuan.A．howmany B．howold C．howlong D．howmuch【答案】D【解析】句意：——請問，這件外套多少錢？——168元?？疾橐蓡栐~詞組。howmany多少；howold幾歲；howlong多長時間；howmuch多少錢。根據(jù)“It’s168yuan.”可知，空處是詢問價格，所以用howmuch。故選D。11．I________youfortwoyears.Imissyouverymuch.A．don’tsee B．won’tsee C．didn’tsee D．haven’tseen【答案】D【解析】句意：我有兩年沒見到你了。我非常想念你。考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)“fortwoyears”和語境可知，表示已經(jīng)兩年沒見面了，用現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasdone，否定在助動詞后加not。故選D。12．Nancyishappy________shehasgotanewideaforherhistoryproject.A．because B．while C．if D．though【答案】A【解析】句意：Nancy很開心，因為她對她的歷史項目有了新的想法?？疾檫B詞辨析。because因為；while當(dāng)……時候；if如果；though雖然。分析語境可知，前后兩句是因果關(guān)系，前果后因，用because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。故選A。二、完形填空（每題1分，共8分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。Iwasaboyofninein1960.IusedtomowthelawnforMrs.Long.Shepaidmelittleforthejob,butpromisedtogivemeaChristmas____13____.Ispentmuchtimewonderingwhatitwouldbe.ManyboyshadbaseballglovesoriceskatesandIwaseagertohaveanyofthese.“Itwouldhardlybeabaseballglove,”I____14____withmyself.”Shewouldn’tknowmuchaboutbaseball.”SoIwasquitesurethatshewouldgivemeiceskates.Ievenimaginedmyselfupontheskates.AsChristmaswascoming,itwas____15____formenottoaskMrs.Longformypresent.OnDecember22,Ipresentedmyselfatthedoorofthehouse.Mrs.Longhandedmeasmallboxwhichcouldn’tholdapairofskates.Iwas____16____.Whenliftingitfromher,Iwascuriousaboutthelightnessofthepresent.Itweighedalmostnothing.“Whatisit?”Iasked.“Akindofmagic,”shesaid.Herwordswereenoughtosetmyminddancingwithnew____17____.OnChristmasmorning,Ihadthisboxonmyknees.WithgreatexcitementIopenedtheboxtofindinsidetensheets(紙張)ofblackpaper,eachwrittenincolorfulletters,CarbonPaperRegalPremium.“Whatisit?”Iasked.Mumtooktwopiecesofwhitepaper,____18____betweenthemoneoftheblackpaper,andwrotemynameontheuppersheet.Thenshehandedmethesecondsheetwithoutherpenciltouching.Therewasmyname!Itwasamiracle(奇跡)tomychildishmind.Inthatonemoment,Irememberedthe____19____abouttheduplication(復(fù)制)ofwordsandtheprinting.ThankMrs.Longforherwisdomtoguessthataboymight____20____fromapresentcompletelyoutsideofhisordinaryexperience.13．A．present B．letter C．card D．baseball14．A．checked B．reasoned C．expected D．complained15．A．sad B．happy C．difficult D．patient16．A．excited B．a(chǎn)nxious C．pleasant D．disappointed17．A．energy B．surprise C．possibilities D．confidence18．A．played B．placed C．noticed D．hoped19．A．ideas B．papers C．choices D．suggestions20．A．spread B．keep C．teach D．benefit【短文大意】本文主要講述了作者幫朗太太除草，她答應(yīng)作者在圣誕節(jié)給他一份禮物，當(dāng)收到禮物時作者掂量著盒子的分量感到很失望，待打開禮物之后，發(fā)現(xiàn)這份禮物給了他不一樣的驚喜?！敬鸢附馕觥?3．句意：但她答應(yīng)給我一份圣誕禮物。present禮物；letter信件；card卡片；baseball棒球。根據(jù)“askMrs.Longformypresent”可知，答應(yīng)給一份圣誕禮物，故選A。14．句意：我跟自己推理。checked檢查；reasoned推理；expected期待；complained抱怨。根據(jù)“Itwouldhardlybeabaseballglove”及“Shewouldn’tknowmuchaboutbaseball”可知，作者自己在推理究竟會收到什么禮物，故選B。15．句意：圣誕節(jié)快到了，我很難不向朗太太要禮物。sad難過的；happy開心的；difficult困難的；patient耐心的。根據(jù)“OnDecember22,Ipresentedmyselfatthedoorofthehouse”可知，圣誕節(jié)快到了，作者就趕緊去向她要禮物，所以此處是指很難不去要，故選C。16．句意：我很失望。excited興奮的；anxious焦慮的；pleasant愉快的；disappointed失望的。根據(jù)“Itweighedalmostnothing”可知，裝禮物的盒子很輕，這讓作者很失望，故選D。17．句意：她的話足以讓我的心在新的可能性中起舞。energy能源；surprise驚訝；possibilities可能性；confidence自信。根據(jù)“Herwordswereenoughtosetmyminddancingwithnew”可知，本來作者是失望的，聽了她的話，又讓作者覺得有了新的可能性，故選C。18．句意：媽媽拿了兩張白紙，把其中一張黑紙夾在中間，把我的名字寫在上面那張紙上。played玩；placed存放；noticed注意到；hoped希望。根據(jù)“betweenthemoneoftheblackpaper”可知，把其中一張黑紙夾在中間，故選B。19．句意：在那一刻，我想起了關(guān)于文字復(fù)制和印刷的想法。ideas想法；papers試卷；choices選擇；suggestions建議。根據(jù)“abouttheduplication(復(fù)制)ofwordsandtheprinting”可知，有了關(guān)于文字復(fù)制和印刷的想法，故選A。20．句意：感謝朗太太的智慧，她猜到一個男孩可能會從一件完全不同于他平常經(jīng)驗的禮物中受益。spread傳播；keep保持；teach教；benefit得益于。根據(jù)“fromapresentcompletelyoutsideofhisordinaryexperience”可知，從這個特殊的禮物中受益匪淺，故選D。三、閱讀理解（每題2分，共26分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。AEveryweek,LiuFang,a38-year-oldmediaworkerinBeijing,goestoastorewhichsellsnear-expired(將要過期的)foodinSanlitunandreturnswithabagofsnacksordrinks.“Thepricetagsonthesegoodshavecaughtmyeye.Theyareoftensoldat10%to30%ofthemarketprice,”Liusaid.“Moreimportantly,mostofthemarefrombigbrands(品牌).Whywouldn’tIlovethem?”LiuisamongtheincreasingnumberofChinesepeoplewhoenjoybuyingnear-expiredfoodatmuchcheaperprices.AccordingtothelatestreportbyiiMediaResearch,thenear-expiredfoodindustryhadamarketsizeofover30billionyuanin2020.47.8%oftheconsumers(消費者)areagedbetween26and35.Unlikethetraditionalthinkingthatbuyingsuchgoodsmakesthemfeelshy,moreandmoreyoungpeopleconsideritasakindofsustainableconsumption(可持續(xù)消費)thatcanhelpreducefoodwaste.“Idon’tcaremuchaboutthedateaslongasIcaneatitbeforeitsexpiry.Itmeetsmyneedswhilesavingresourcesandprotectingtheenvironment,whichisagoodthing,”WuLin,a19-year-oldcollegestudentandafanofnear-expiredfood,toldXinhua.Actually,foodwasteisagreatchallengeforChinaandothercountries.Accordingtoa2020reportfromtheNationalPeople’sCongress,about18billionkilogramsoffoodiswastedeveryyearinChina’surbancateringindustry(城鎮(zhèn)餐飲業(yè)).“AsmoreChinesepeoplechoosetobuynear-expiredfood,thefoodwastewillbereduced,”saidLiu.AccordingtoCGTN,Chinahadthetraditionofsavingfoodleadingtothe1990s.Aspeople’slivesimprovedgreatly,manybegantomakeorordermorefoodthancouldbeconsumed,CGTNreported.Butthetrend(趨勢)ofbuyingnear-expiredfoodmaysuggestthattheChinesevirtue(美德)offrugality(節(jié)約)iscomingback.“I’vebeenveryfrugalallmylife.Livingthroughaseriousfamine(饑荒),I’musedtosavingeverygrainandeverypenny,”awomanborninthe1950s,toldCGTN.“I’mhappytoseemoreyoungpeoplejoiningourgroup.”21．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Oldconsumersdon’tlikenear-expiredsnacksordrinks.B．MostoffoodfrombigbrandsisatcheaperpricesinSanlitun.C．LiuFanggoestoSanlituntosellnear-expiredfoodeveryweek.D．MoreChinesepeopleenjoybuyingnear-expiredfoodatmuchcheaperpricesnow.22．Whatistheinfluenceofbuyingnear-expiredfoodinChinaaccordingtoCGTN?A．Youngpeoplewon’tbuyexpensivethings.B．Peopledon’tlikecaringabouttheproductiondate.C．Moreandmorepeoplewon’tbuyfoodatrightprices.D．TheChinesevirtueoffrugalitymayreturntoourdailylife.23．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．TheChinesetraditional