高一定語從句

一、定語從句I.定語從句起了形容詞的作用，在句中修飾一個名詞或代詞。被修飾的詞叫做先行詞，引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞，他的作用一是放在先行詞與定語從句中間起了連接作用，二是在從句中擔當一個成分，并與先行詞保持數(shù)的一致。關系詞先行詞從句成分例句備注關系代詞who人主語Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?whom,which和that在從句中做賓語時，常可以省略，但介詞提前時后面關系代詞不能省略，也不可以用thatwhom人賓語Mr.SmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworkingTheboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar..whose人或物定語Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismydeskmate.that人或物主語，賓語Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.which物主語，賓語Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.as人或物主語，賓語Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.as做賓語一般不省略關系副詞when時間時間狀語Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.可用onwhichwhere地點地點狀語ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.可用inwhichwhy原因原因狀語Ican’timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.可用forwhichII.that與which,who,whom的用法區(qū)別情況用法說明例句只用that的情況1.先行詞為all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,等不定代詞時2.先行詞被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修飾時3.先行詞有形容詞最高級和序數(shù)詞修飾時4.先行詞既指人又指物時5.先行詞被theonly,thevery修飾時6.句中已經(jīng)有who或which時，為了避免重復時1.Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.2.Allthebooksthatyouofferedhasbeengivenout.3.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread.4.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremembered.5.HeistheonlymanthatIwanttosee.6.Whoisthemanthatismakingaspeech?只用which,who,whom的情況1.在非限制性定語從句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人2.在由“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。3.先行詞本身是that時，關系詞用which,先行詞為those,one,he時多用who。1.Hehasason,whohasgoneabroadforfurtherstudy.2.Ilikethepersontowhomtheteacheristalking.3.Thosewhorespectothersareusuallyrespectedbyothers.III.as、which和that的區(qū)別從句區(qū)別例句限制性定語從句中名詞前有such和thesame修飾時，關系代詞用as,不能用whichHeisnotsuchafoolashelooks.Don’treadsuchbooksasyoucan’tunderstand.非限制性定語從句中as和which都可以指代前面整個主句。如果有“正如，象”的含義，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引導的從句只能放主句后，并無“正如”的意思。Theywonthegame,aswehadexpected.Theywonthegame,whichwehadn’texpected.Asiswellknown,heisafamousfilmstarinthe1980s.thesame...as和thesame...thatthesame...as指同類事物thesame...that指原物That’sthesametoolasIusedlastweek.（同類工具，不是同一把）That’sthesametoolthatIusedlastweek.那就是我上周用過的工具。注意：theway做先行詞時，定語從句可由that,inwhich引導或不用引導詞。一、把下列每對句子合并成含有定語從句的主從復合句：1.Thefanisonthedesk.Youwantit.2.Themanisinthenextroom.Hebroughtourtextbookshereyesterday.3.Themagazineismine.Hehastakenitaway.4.Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydon’tstudyhard.5.Thewomanisourgeographyteacher.Yousawherinthepark.6.Theletterisfrommysister.Ireceivedityesterday.7.Theplaywaswonderful.Wesawitlastnight.8.Thetrainwaslate.ItwasgoingtoNanning.9.Theboyismybrother.Hewashereaminuteago.10.Thetreeisquitetall.Heisclimbingit.11.Hereisthegirl.Herbrotherworksinthisshop.12.That’sthechild.Wewerelookingathisdrawingjustnow.13.Thisistheboy.Hissisterisafamoussinger.14.Iwanttotalktotheboys.Theirhomeworkhaven’tbeenhandedin.15.Isthatthewoman?Herdaughterisinmyclass.16.Heusedtoliveinabighouse.Infrontofitgrewmanybananatrees.17.Theypassedafactory.Atthebackofthefactorytherewerericefields.18.Thesoldierrantothebuilding.Onthetopofitflewaflag.19.Intheeveningtheyarrivedatahill.Atthefootofthehilltherewasatemple.20.Shecameintoabigroom.Inthemiddleofitstoodalargetable.二、根據(jù)句子意思，在第一個空白處填入介詞，在第二個填入關系代詞whom或which:1.Theperson________________IspokejustnowisthemanagerthatItoldyouabout.2.Thepencil________________hewaswritingbroke.3.WuDong,________________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.4.Thetwothings________________MarxwasnotsurewerethegrammarandsomeoftheidiomsofEnglish.5.Herbag,________________sheputallherbooks,hasnotbeenfound.6.ThestoriesabouttheLongMarch,________________thisisoneexample,arewellwritten.三、選擇填空：1.Theman____visitedourschoolyesterdayisfromLondon. A.who B.which C.whom D.when2.Thewoman____istalkingtomymotherisafriendofhers. A.whose B.who C.whom D.which3.Becauseofmypoormemory,all____youtoldmehasbeenforgotten. A.that B.which C.what D.as4.Doyourememberthosedays____wespentalongtheseashoreveryhappily? A.when B.where C.which D.who5.Tomdidnottakeawaythecamerabecauseitwasjustthesamecamera____helostlastweek. A.which B.that C.whom D.as6.Those____wanttogopleasesigntheirnameshere. A.whom B.which C.who D.when7.Whereistheman____Imetthismorning? A.when B.where C.which D.who8.Whoisthewoman____issweepingtheflooroverthere? A.who B./ C.that D.when9.Theman____youtalkedjustnowisaworker. A.who B.whom C.towhom D.towho10.Theman____youaregoingtomakefriendsismyfather’sneighbour. A.withwhom B.when C.towhom D.which11.Thedoctor____isleavingforAfricanextmonth. A.thenurseistalkingtohim B.whomthenurseistalking C.thenurseistalkingto D.whothenurseistalking12.Theman____aroundourschoolisfromAmerica. A.whichyoushowed B.youshowedhim C.youshowed D.whereyoushowed13.Hetalkedaboutahero____noonehadeverheard. A.ofwhom B.fromwhom C.aboutthat D.who14.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions____wereaskedinFrench. A.where B.who C.inwhich D.which15.Haveyoureadthebook____Ilenttoyou? A.that B.whom C.when D.whose16.Finally,thethiefhandedovereverything____hehadstolentothepolice. A.that B.which C.whatever D.all17.Theforeignguests,____weregovernmentofficials,werewarmlywelcomedattheairport. A.mostofthem B.mostofthat C.mostofwhom D.mostofthose18.Thisistheveryletter____camelastnight. A.who B.which C.that D.as19.Iknowonlyalittleaboutthismatter;youmayask____knowsbetterthanI. A.whoever B.whomever C.anyone D.theone20.Thisistheschool____wevisitedthreedaysago. A.where B./ C.when D.what21.Thisisthefactory____weworkedayearago. A.where B.that C.which D.onwhich22.Nearbyweretwocanoes____theyhadcometotheisland. A.which B.inwhich C.that D./23.Jackispleasedwith____youhavegivenhimandall____youhavetoldhim. A.that,what B.what,that C.which,what D.that,which24.Doyouworknearthebuilding____colourisyellow? A.that B.which C.its D.whose25.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson____shecouldturnforhelp. A.whom B.who C.towhom D.formwhom26.Isthisschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago? A.theone B.which C.that D.where27.Isthistheschool____wevisitedthreeyearsago? A.theone B.where C.inwhich D./28,Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass____homesareinthecountry? A.whose B.who C.whom D.which29.Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss,____cameasasurprise. A.it B.which C.that D.he30.ThetrainwascrowdedandIhadtogetintoacarriage____alreadysevenotherpeople. A.whentherewere B.whichtherewere C.thattherewere D.wheretherewere31.Iliveinthehouse____windowsfacesouth. A.which B.whose C.where D.inthat32.----Whatgameispopularwiththem? ----The____mostistennis. A.gametheylikeit B.gametheylike C.bestgametheylike D.bestgametheylikeit33.Theystayedwithmethreeweeks,____theydrankallthewineIhad. A.which B.whichtime C.duringwhichtime D.duringwhich34.Theroom____MrWhitelivesisnotverylarge. A.that B.which C.where D.when35.Don’tforgettheday____youwerereceivedintotheYouthLeague. A.when B.that C.atwhich D.where36.I’vefinishedwritingthenovel,____istobepublishednextmonth. A.that B.what C.which D.when37.Hereturnedhomesafeandsoundafterafiercebattle,____wasunexpected. A.which B.as C.that D.it38.____weisknowntoall,Englishisnotverydifficulttolearn. A.What B.As C.That D.Which39.Theoldmanhadthreesons,allof____diedduringWorldWarⅡ. A.whose B.that C.whom D.who40.Ihaveboughttwopens,____writewell. A.noneofwhich B.neitherofwhich C.bothofwhich D.allofwhich41.Doyouknowthereason____shehaschangedhermind? A.why B.which C.forthat D.ofwhich42.Hefailedintheexam,____provesthathewasn’tworkinghardenough. A.which B.what C.it D.that43.Duringtheweek____hetriedtocollectmaterialsforhisarticle. A.following B.followed C.tofollow D.thatfollowed44.____wasexpected,hesucceededintheexam. A.It B.Which C.As D.That45.Hestudiedhardandlaterbecameawell-knownwriter,____hisfatherexpected. A.thatwaswhat B.whatwasthat C.andwhichwas D.whichwaswhat46.Weshouldreadsuchbooks____willmakeusbetterandwiser. A.when B.as C.whose D.what47.Youmustshowmywifethesamere