第08講 八年級(jí)下冊Unit 3重點(diǎn)知識(shí)先知-【寒假自學(xué)課】2024年八年級(jí)英語寒假提升學(xué)與練（人教版）（原卷版）

第08講八年級(jí)下冊Unit3重點(diǎn)知識(shí)先知目錄新知導(dǎo)航：熟悉課程內(nèi)容、掌握知識(shí)脈絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)：知識(shí)點(diǎn)全面梳理，掌握必備重點(diǎn)記憶：關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)快速記憶，提升能力小試牛刀：考點(diǎn)剖析+過關(guān)檢測，合理應(yīng)用考點(diǎn)1、Couldyoupleasedosth.?的用法教材原文Peter,couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?彼得,請你去倒一下垃圾好嗎?“Couldyoupleasedosth.?”用于委婉地提出請求?！狢ouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?請你開一下窗戶，好嗎?—Yes,sure.好的,當(dāng)然可以。拓展“Couldyoupleasedosth.?”的答語，有如下兩種情況:接受請求時(shí)可以用Yes,sure./Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem./Withpleasure.等來回答拒絕請求時(shí)可以用Sorry./Sorry,Ican’t.等來回答,還可以用Ihavetodosth.來解釋原因—Couldyoupleasefoldyourclothes?請疊一下你的衣服，可以嗎?—Noproblem.沒問題?！癈ouldyoupleasedosth.?”的否定形式是＂Couldyoupleasenotdosth.?”?？键c(diǎn)2、takeout的用法·教材原文Peter,couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?彼得,請你去倒一下垃圾，好嗎?takeouttherubbish意為“倒垃圾”,其中takeout表示“取出;拿出”，如果takeout的賓語是名詞,該名詞可以位于take和out之間,也可以位于takeout之后，如果賓語是代詞,該代詞只能位于take和out之間。Pleasetakeouttheoldnewspapers.＝Pleasetaketheoldnewspapersout.請把舊報(bào)紙拿出去。Mywalletisinthebag.Ihavetotakeitoutfirst.我的錢包在包里,我得先把它拿出來?？键c(diǎn)3、做家務(wù)的短語表達(dá)教材原文Couldyoupleasesweepthefloor?請你掃一下地，好嗎?本句中的sweepthefloor意為“掃地”，其中sweep是動(dòng)詞，意為“掃;打掃”，其過去式和過去分詞都是swept。Mymotherissweepingtheflooratthemoment.我媽媽這會(huì)兒正在掃地。拓展和“家務(wù)勞動(dòng)＂有關(guān)的短語takeouttherubbish/trash倒垃圾rubbish(英式);trash(美式)foldone’sclothes疊衣服sweepthefloor掃地cleantheroom打掃房間makeone’s/thebed鋪床dothedishes洗餐具＝washthedishes考點(diǎn)4、as...as的用法·教材原文I’mjustastiredasyouare!我和你一樣累！as...as...表示“和······一樣······”,as...as...之間要用形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)。Sheisastallasherelderbrother.她和她哥哥一樣高。拓展as...as...的否定結(jié)構(gòu)是notas/ao...as....，表示“不如······;比不上······”。Sheisnotas/sotallasherelderbrother.她沒有她哥哥個(gè)子高?？键c(diǎn)5、neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝句教材原文ForoneweekshedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.整整一周她沒有做任何家務(wù),我也沒有做。本句中的neitherdidI是neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝句,結(jié)構(gòu)是“neither+助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語”,表示“······也不”。—Idon’tlikepopmusic.我不喜歡流行音樂?！狽eitherdoI.我也不喜歡。拓展so/neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)用法so+助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語當(dāng)前面敘述的肯定事實(shí)也適用于后者時(shí)neither+助動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語當(dāng)前面敘述的否定事實(shí)也適用于后者時(shí)ShelikesmusicandsodoI.她喜歡音樂,我也喜歡。Shehasn’treaditandneitherhaveI.她沒有讀它,我也沒有讀?？键c(diǎn)6、insurprise的用法教材原文“Whathappened?”sheaskedinsurprise.她吃驚地問道:“發(fā)生什么事了?”insurprise意為“驚訝地”,其中surprise是名詞,意為“驚訝”,surprise還可以作動(dòng)詞,意為“使驚訝”。Shelookedatmeinsurprise.她驚訝地看著我。Yourstorysurprisedmesomuch.你的故事使我太驚訝了。考點(diǎn)7、inorderto的用法教材原文Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.為了取得好成績,進(jìn)入一所好大學(xué),他們應(yīng)該把他們的時(shí)間花在學(xué)業(yè)上。本句中的inordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity是目的狀語,其中inorderto表示“目的是;為了”,后跟動(dòng)詞原形.inordertodosth.表示“為了做某事”,否定結(jié)構(gòu)是inordernottodosth.“為了不做某事”。Westartedearlyinordertoarrivebeforedark.為了在天黑前到達(dá),我們很早就動(dòng)身了。Hegotupearlyinordernottobelateforschool.為了上學(xué)不遲到,他起得很早。拓展sothat/inorderthat表示“目的是,為了”,用來引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,此時(shí)可以轉(zhuǎn)化為含to/inorderto的句子。Hestudiedhardsothat/inorderthathecouldpasstheexam.=Hestudiedhardto/inordertopasstheexam.為了能通過考試,他努力學(xué)習(xí)?？键c(diǎn)8、provide的用法教材原文Itistheparents’jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.在家中為他們的孩子提供一個(gè)干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是家長們的事情。provide用法①providesb.withsth.意為“提供給某人某物”。Sheepprovideuswithwool.羊供給我們羊毛。②providesth.forsb.意為“給某人提供某物”。Thehotelprovidesashoe-cleaningserviceforguests.該賓館為客人提供擦鞋服務(wù)。拓展短語offersth.tosb.和offersb.sth.也有“為某人提供某物”的意思喲！考點(diǎn)9、dependon的用法教材原文Childrenthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.現(xiàn)在的孩子過于依賴他們的家長。dependon是固定短語,表示“依靠;信賴”,也作dependupon。Healthdependsongoodfood,freshairandenoughsleep.健康依靠的是好的食物、新鮮的空氣和充足的睡眠。Itdependsonwhethershelikesthebossornot.這取決于她是否喜歡這個(gè)老板。拓展常見的“動(dòng)詞＋on”的短語dependon依賴;依靠geton上車turnon打開callon號(hào)召comeon快點(diǎn);加油passon轉(zhuǎn)交;傳給puton穿上;上演concentrateon專心于;集中精力于考點(diǎn)10、since的用法教材原文Sincetheyliveinonehousewiththeirparents,theyshouldknowthateveryoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.既然他們與父母同住在一個(gè)屋檐之下,他們應(yīng)該知道每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)盡自己的職責(zé)來保持家里干凈整潔.本句含有since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從旬，since作連詞,意為“因?yàn)?既然”。Sincewehavenomoney,it’snogoodthinkingaboutaholiday.既然我們沒有錢,考慮度假并沒有用。拓展since還有如下含義和用法:prep.自······以來Hehaseatennothingsinceyesterday.自從昨天以來他沒吃過東西。adv.從那以后IsawhiminJune,butwehaven’tmetsince.我在六月份見到過他,但從那以后我們未見過面。conj.自······以來Hehasbeeninthearmysinceheleftschool.他自畢業(yè)以來一直在部隊(duì)里。詞型轉(zhuǎn)換throw(v.)→(pt.)threw扔，擲sweep(v.)→(pt.)swept打掃lend(v.)→(pt.)lent借出stress(n.)→(adj.)stressed緊張的，有壓力的develop(v.)→(n)development發(fā)展→(adj.)developed發(fā)達(dá)的→(adj.)developing發(fā)展中的independence(n.)→(adj.)independent獨(dú)立的fair(adj.)→(反義詞)unfair合理的，公平的fairness(n.)→(反義詞)unfairness合理性，公平性drop(v.)→(pt.)dropped→(現(xiàn)分)dropping掉下，落下ill(adj.)→(n.)illness疾病→worse(比較級(jí))→worst(最高級(jí))neither(pron.)兩者都不→both(pron.)兩者都borrow(v.)借用，借進(jìn)→lend(v.)借出neighbor(n.)鄰居→(n.)neighborhood(n.)街區(qū)provide(v.)→(pt.)provided提供，供應(yīng)angry(adj.)生氣的→(adv.)angrily生氣地pass(v.)→(單三)passeshang(v.)懸掛→(pt.)hunginvite(v.)→(n.)invitation邀請(不可數(shù))；請柬(可數(shù))短語歸納1.dothedishes=washthedishes洗碗碟2.takeouttherubbish把垃圾拿出去3.foldyourclothes疊衣服4.sweepthefloor掃地5.makeyour/thebed鋪床6.cleanthelivingroom打掃客廳7.Noproblem.沒問題8.gooutfordinner.出去吃飯9.stayoutlate在外待到很晚10.getaride搭便車givesbaride捎某人一程11.givemearidetotown開車送我到鎮(zhèn)上12.helpoutwithafewthings幫助做些事情13.atleast至少atmost至多14.finish(doing)sth.完成(做)…15.beback=comeback回來16.be/comebackfromshopping購物回來17.anyminute/second/momentnow隨時(shí)；立刻，馬上18.throwdownmybag扔下我的書包19.takethedogforawalk溜狗20.comeover走過來comeoverto+sp.順便來訪21.insurprise驚奇地22.allthetime一直；總是23.assoonas一……就……（主將從現(xiàn)）24.dosomewashing/shopping/cleaning洗衣服/購物/做清潔25.beangrywithsb.對(duì)某人生氣26.neitherofus我們兩個(gè)都不….bothofus我們兩個(gè)都…27.workallday工作一整天28.sharethehousework分擔(dān)家務(wù)29.acleanandcomfortablehome一個(gè)干凈又舒服的家30.hangoutwithsb.同某人一起閑逛31.neverhelpoutaroundthehouse從不幫助做家務(wù)32.getsomethingtodrink/eat弄些喝的東西33.dochores=dohousework做家務(wù)34.buysomesnacksanddrinks買一些飲料和零食35.enoughstressfromschool來自學(xué)校的足夠的壓力36.awasteoftime浪費(fèi)時(shí)間37.getintoagooduniversity進(jìn)好大學(xué)38.dependon依靠……39.minddoingsth.介意做某事40.developchildren’sindependence培養(yǎng)孩子們的獨(dú)立性41.adevelopingcountry一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家adevelopedcountry一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國家42.theideaoffairness公平意識(shí)43.fallill生病44.asaresult結(jié)果；因此45.gradesdrop成績下降46.borrowsomemoneyfromsb.從某人那里借些錢47.invitesb.toaparty邀請某人參加聚會(huì)考點(diǎn)一、核心單詞填空1．Susan,pleasefyourquiltafteryougetupinthemorning.2．—Ihavenomoneytobuyanyfood.Couldyoupleaselmesome?—Ofcourse.Hereistenyuan.3．Look!Theoldmanispickinguprnearthedustbin(垃圾箱).4．—Couldyoupmethepen?—Sure,hereyouare.5．—Wow,theclassroomissoclean.—Westhefloorjusthalfanhourago.6．It’sveryimportanttodchildren’sinterestinreadingfromanearlyage.7．Don’twfood.Youshouldeatupthefoodontheplate.8．Jessicalivesnexttomyhouseandwearen.9．It’suforparentstodoallthehouseworkathome.Kidsshouldalsohelpwithhousework.10．It’stheparents’jobtopacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.考點(diǎn)二、重點(diǎn)詞塊填空1．我們一上公共汽車，車就開動(dòng)了。Thebusleftwewentonit.2．薩莉昨天沒上學(xué)，因?yàn)樗迷诩依镎疹櫵膵寢?。Sallydidn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseshehadtohermotherathome.3．健康取決于良好的飲食習(xí)慣、合理的鍛煉和充足的睡眠。Healthgoodeatinghabits,properexerciseandenoughsleep.4．為了保護(hù)眼睛，他很少使用電子產(chǎn)品。protecthiseyes,heseldomuseselectronicproducts.5．你不能一直看電視。Youcan’twatchTV.6．她經(jīng)常幫助她的媽媽倒垃圾。Sheoftenhelpshermother

.7．你經(jīng)常洗餐具嗎?Doyouoften?8．“你已經(jīng)在這里了？”海倫驚奇地問?！癥ouarealreadyhere?”Helenasked.9．這個(gè)工作有點(diǎn)無聊，不過至少報(bào)酬還行。ThejobisabitboringbutthepayisOK.10．我媽媽讓我不要在外待到很晚。Mymotherasksmenotto.考點(diǎn)三、語言點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—CouldI________yourbike?—Sure.Butyoumustn’t________ittoothers.A．lend;lend B．lend;borrowC．borrow;lend D．borrow;borrow2．—Couldyoupleasecleanthelivingroom?—Sorry,I________.I’mdoingmyhomework.A．can’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t D．won’t3．—Jimdidn’tfinishhishomework.—________.A．NeitherdidBob B．NeitherBobdid C．SodidBob D．SoBobdid4．—Couldyoupleasedothedishes?—________.IcutmyfingerandI’mtryingnottogetitwet.A．Yes,sure B．Noproblem C．Sorry,I’mafraidIcan’t D．Thatwouldbefine5．“StallEconomy”(地?cái)偨?jīng)濟(jì))haswonhighpraisebecauseitcan________thepeoplewithmorechancestowork.A．offer B．provide C．give6．—Wouldyoumind________theTV?It’stoonoisy.—Sorry.Iwilldoitatonce.A．turnoff B．turningoff C．toturnoff D．turnedoff7．Couldyouplease________loudlyhere?Emmaisdoingherhomework.A．don’ttalk B．nottalk C．notalk D．nottotalk8．There’snoneedforyou________here.Icanfinishtherestoftheworkbymyself.A．tostay B．stay C．staying D．stayed9．Intheexamination,the________youare,the________mistakesyou’llmake.A．careful;little B．morecareful;less C．careful;few D．morecareful;fewer10．Thefootballfanscheered______theyheardtheexcitingnews．A．eventhough B．inorderthatC．a(chǎn)ssoonas D．a(chǎn)slongas二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空11．Thoughheisyoung,heisvery(depend).Hedoeseverythingbyhimself.12．Mum,youare(fair).Whydoyouonlywantmetodochores?13．Thereisnoneed(look)upeverynewwordinthedictionarywhenyouarereading.14．Myfatherhasasenseof(fair).15．The(develop)of5Gmakespeople’slifemoreconvenient.考點(diǎn)四、語篇閱讀訓(xùn)練一、完形填空Aftercomingbackfromschool,Nancyoftenhasawalk1herdog.Butlastmonth,Nancywastoo2towalk.ShethrewherschoolbagdownandwenttothelivingroomtowatchTV.Assoonasshe3theTVset,hermomcameinandwantedhertotakethe4forawalk.ButNancywantedtowatchTVfirst.Hermotherbecameangry5shethoughtshedidhouseworkbyherselfeveryday,butNancyalwayswatchedTVand6helpedherwiththechores.However,Nancythoughtshewasastiredashermother.Andshe7backtohermother.Nancy’smotherwassomadthatshesaid8.Shedidn’tdoanyhouseworkforaweek,9didNancy.Asaresult,everythingwasdirty.Justatthattime,Nancyrealizedthatshewaswrong.Soshetriedherbestto10theroomcleanandtidy.Hermotherwassurprisedtoseethat,butshewashappy.Fromthisstory,weshouldknowtosharethehouseworkwithourparentstomakeacleanandcomfortablehome.1．A．for B．with C．to D．a(chǎn)t2．A．tired B．excited C．happy D．sad3．A．turnedinto B．turnedoff C．turneddown D．turnedon4．A．cat B．duck C．dog D．pig5．A．because B．while C．when D．though6．A．a(chǎn)lways B．often C．sometimes D．never7．A．turned B．shouted C．looked D．got8．A．nothing B．a(chǎn)nything C．something D．everything9．A．either B．both C．neither D．so10．A．take B．make C．know D．have二、閱讀還原7選5Manykidshelptheirparentswithchores,suchasdoingthedishes,cleaningthelivingroomandtakingouttherubbish.11Butsomepeopledonotthinkthatkidsshouldgetrewardsbydoingch