認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)：框架與構(gòu)式課件

第五章框架及構(gòu)式Chapter5FrameandConstructionsContents5.1FrameandScripts框架與腳本5.2Event-frameandthewindowingofattention事件框架和開(kāi)啟注意力視窗5.3Language-specificframinganditsuseinnarrativetexts特定語(yǔ)言框架及其在敘述文本中的使用5.4Constructiongrammar構(gòu)式語(yǔ)法5.1FrameandScriptsThenotionofframewasintroducedintolinguisticsbyCharlesFillmoreinthemiddleofthe1970sbasedonhisbynowclassicexample,the"commercialeventframe框架這一概念由Charlesfillmore-于20世紀(jì)70年代中期引入的語(yǔ)言學(xué),它的基礎(chǔ)是“商務(wù)事件”框架。AnexampleofBUYTheFrameofBuyMaryboughtsomebooksfromJohnfor500dollorsSomebOoKsB(goods)A(buyer)D(seller)MaryJohnC(money)500dollorsFrameandperspectiveTheassignmentofsyntacticrolesisgovernedbythechoiceoftheverbbuy,whichisthesyntacticperspectiveThenotionofperspectivereliesontheprincipleofprominence,thatisonfigure/groundsegregation.The[BUYframeisnotjustausefultoolforthesyntacticdescriptionoftheverbbuy,butitcanalsobeappliedtotheverbssell,chargeandpayThedifferenceofthefourverbsissimplyachangeofperspectivewithinthesameframerFigure5.2TheIcoMMERCIALEVENTIframewiththeperspectivesevokedbytheverbsbuy,pay,sellandcharge(afterFillmore1977a:106ff)(1)DavidboughtanoldshirtfromJohnfortenpound(2)JohnsoldanoldshirttoDavidfortenpounds()JohnchargedDavidtenpoundsforanoldshirt(4)DavidpaidtenpoundstoJohnubforanoldshirtFrameantdperspectveThetwoverbsbuyandpaydescribethecomercialeventfromtheBUYER'sperspectivewhilesellandchargeperspectivizethesituationfromtheSELLEr'spointofviewThisisafirstsignthattheframeapproachgoesbeyondthefigureandgroundapproachinthatitpaysmoreattentiontothelessprominentpartsofsentenceslikeadverbialsTheframenotion:differentconceptionsandrelatedconceptsthenotionofframeanysy