人教版英語八年級上冊知識點(diǎn)

人教版八年級上冊英語詳細(xì)知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit

1

Where

did

you

go

on

vacation?一、短語歸納①go

on

vacation去度假

②stay

at

home

呆在家③go

to

the

mountains

上山/進(jìn)山④go

to

the

beach到海邊去⑤visit

museums

參觀博物館⑥go

to

summer

camp

去夏令營⑦quite

a

few

相當(dāng)多⑧study

for為……學(xué)習(xí)⑨go

out

出去⑩most

of

the

time

大部分時(shí)間/絕大多數(shù)時(shí)間?taste

good

嘗起來味道好?have

a

good

time玩的開心?of

course當(dāng)然可以

?feel

like感覺像……/想要?go

shopping購物?in

the

past

在過去?walk

around繞……走?too

many

太多（可數(shù)名詞前面）?because

of

因?yàn)?one

bowl

of

一碗……21find

out

查出來/發(fā)現(xiàn)22go

on繼續(xù)23take

photos

照相24something

important重要的事情

25up

and

down上上下下26come

up出來

二、典句必背①—Where

did

you

go

on

vacation?

你到哪里去度假了？—I

went

to

New

York

City.

我去了紐約城②—Did

you

go

out

with

anyone?

你出去帶人嗎？—No,

No

one

was

here.

Everyone

was

on

vacation.

不，沒有人在這兒。大家度去度假了。③—Did

you

buy

anything

special?

你買了什么特別的東西嗎？—Yes,

I

bought

something

for

my

father.

對，我給父親買了一些東西。④—How

was

the

food?

食物怎么樣？—Everything

tasted

really

good.每一樣?xùn)|西真的都好吃。⑤—Did

everyone

have

a

good

time?大家玩的開心嗎？—Oh,

yes.

Everything

was

excellent.

對，一切都很精彩。三、用法集萃(1)—Where

did

you

go

on

vacation?

你去哪里度假了?—I

went

to

the

mountains.

我去爬山了。Where

did

you...?

是一般過去時(shí)的特殊疑問句，其句式結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其他成分?其中did是助動詞，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，實(shí)義動詞要用原形。例：What

did

you

do

yesterday

afternoon?

你昨天下午干什么了?I

played

tennis

with

my

friend.

我和我的朋友一起打網(wǎng)球了。on

vacation意為“在度假”。例：My

family

went

to

Hainan

on

vacation

last

year.

我家人去年去海南度假了。(2)Oh,

did

you

go

anywhere

interesting?

哦，你去什么有趣的地方了嗎?anywhere是副詞，意思是“任何地方；無論何處”，常用于否定句、疑問句或條件狀語從句中。例：I

cannot

find

it

anywhere.

我在什么地方都沒找到它。Are

you

going

anywhere

tonight?

今晚你要去什么地方嗎?If

you

go

anywhere,

take

me

with

you.

你要是去什么地方，帶我一起去。若是肯定句中說某個地方，應(yīng)用somewhere。例：I

remember

seeing

him

somewhere.

我記得在哪兒見過他somewhere/anywhere有時(shí)與修飾語連用，這時(shí)候，其修飾語要置于somewhere/

anywhere之后。例：You

can

go

anywhere

interesting

if

you

want.

如果你想，你可以去任何一個有趣的地方。辨析：somewhere，anywhere，everywhere與nowheresomewhere“某處、在某處”，強(qiáng)調(diào)在一個地方，用于肯定句I

remember

seeing

him

somewhere.我記得在哪兒見過他anywhere“在什么地方、任何地方”，用于否定句、疑問句、條件狀語從句中，在肯定句中表示“隨便什么地方”I

cannot

find

it

anywhere.

（否定句）我在什么地方都沒找到它。Are

you

going

anywhere

tonight?

（疑問句）今晚你要去什么地方嗎?If

you

go

anywhere,

take

me

with

you.

（條件狀語從句）你要是去什么地方，帶我一起去。everywhere“到處、處處”，強(qiáng)調(diào)多個地方，用于肯定句He

follows

me

everywhere.我無論去哪兒他都跟著我。nowhere“不在任何地方；任何地方都不”，和anywhere是反義詞，意思相反He

has

nowhere

to

stick

up

his

posters.他沒地方貼海報(bào)了。(3)Did

you

buy

anything

special?

你買什么特殊的東西了嗎?anything是復(fù)合不定代詞，常用于否定句、疑問句及if或whether之后。例：Do

you

have

anything

to

say?形容詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，要把形容詞放在復(fù)合不定代詞后面。例：Last

night

I

saw

someone

strange

lying

on

the

ground

near

my

home.昨晚在我家附近，我看見一個陌生人躺在地上。If

you

have

anything

important

to

tell

me,

please

call

me.如果你有什么重要的事要告訴我，請給我打電話。(4)We

took

quite

a

few

photos

there.我們在那里拍了相當(dāng)多的照片。take

photos意為“拍照、照相”，take

a

photo

of

sb./sth.

意為“給...拍照”。例：We

took

many

photos

on

the

Great

Wall.

我們在長城上拍了很多照片。few意思是“很少；幾乎沒有”，而a

few表示“一些”，quite

a

few表示“相當(dāng)多的”，都修飾可數(shù)名詞。例：He

has

few

friends

here

,s0

he

feels

lonely.

他在這里幾乎沒朋友.所以他感覺寂寞。Quite

a

few

students

go

to

school

by

bike.

相當(dāng)多的學(xué)生騎自行車上學(xué)。辨析：few,

a

few與little,

a

little注解例句few后接可數(shù)名詞，且要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，含否定意義He

has

few

friends.

他朋友很少。a

few后接可數(shù)名詞，且要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，不含否定意義Please

wait

for

a

few

minutes.請等幾分鐘。littlelittle后接不可數(shù)名詞，含否定意義He

knows

little

English.

他幾乎不懂英語。a

littlea

little

后接不可數(shù)名詞，不含否定意義There

is

a

little

milk

in

the

bottle.瓶子里有少量的牛奶。巧記：a

few

beans有幾粒豆子few

beans幾乎沒有豆子little

milk幾乎沒有牛奶a

little

milk有一點(diǎn)牛奶(5)How

did

you

like

it?

你認(rèn)為它怎么樣?How

do

you

like...?

意為“你覺得...怎么樣?”，用于詢問對方的觀點(diǎn)或看法，相當(dāng)于What

do

you

think

of...?

或How

do

you

feel

about...?例：How

do

you

like

your

new

job?=

What

do

you

think

of

your

new

job?

你覺得你的新工作怎么樣?(6)Still

no

one

seemed

to

be

bored.

好像仍然沒有一個人感到無聊。bored表示“感到厭倦的”，用來說明人的感受；boring表示“令人厭煩的、無趣的”，用來說明事物的特征。例：She

is

bored

with

her

job.

她對自己的工作不感興趣。The

lecture

was

deadly

boring.

那講座真是乏味極了。以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞，通常用來修飾或者描述人，以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞，通常用來修飾或者描述物。類似的形容詞還有：interested/

interesting；excited

exciting；surprised

surprising。(7)I

arrived

in

Penang

in

Malaysia

this

morning

with

my

family.

今天早上我和家人到達(dá)了馬來西亞檳城。辨析：get,

arrive,

reach（三者都有“到達(dá)”之意，但用法上有所區(qū)別）get不及物動詞，其后若跟地點(diǎn)名詞，要用get

toHow

does

he

get

to

school?他是怎樣到校的?arrive不及物動詞，后面接地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)需加介詞in或at，大地點(diǎn)用arrive

in，小地點(diǎn)用arrive

at。如果不接地點(diǎn)。則直接用arrive

Lisa

will

arrive

in

Beijing

next

week.莉薩將會于下周到達(dá)北京How

did

he

arrive

at

the

airport?他是怎樣到機(jī)場的?reachreach是及物動詞，后面可直接跟賓語,般不接地點(diǎn)副詞Please

reach

the

TV

station

on

time.請按時(shí)到電視臺注意：當(dāng)get,

arrive后跟地點(diǎn)副詞（如here,

there,

home等）的時(shí)候，其后不必加任何介詞例：We

will

get/

arrive

there

at

nine.

我們會在九點(diǎn)到達(dá)那里(8)It

was

sunny

and

hot,

so

we

decided

to

go

to

the

beach

near

our

hotel.天氣晴朗且炎熱，因此我們決定去我們賓館附近的海灘。decide意為“決定”，既可作及物動詞，又可作不及物動詞。作及物動詞時(shí)，后面常接名詞、動詞不定式、“特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式”或賓語從句。例：I

can’t

decide

the

date

of

the

meeting.

我決定不了這次會議的日期。We

decided

to

go

there.

我們決定去那里。We

decided

that

we

would

not

go

to

the

party

tonight.

我們決定今晚不去參加聚會作不及物動詞時(shí)，常與介詞on或upon連用，后接可數(shù)名詞。例：She

decided

on

the

red

shoes.

她決定買這雙紅色的鞋了。(9)I

wonder

what

life

was

like

here

in

the

past.我想知道這里過去的生活是什么樣子的。wonder作及物動詞，意為“想知道；對.....感到好奇”，后常接who,

what,

why,

where

等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。從句用陳述句語序。例：I

wonder

why

Ann

is

late.

我想知道安為什么遲到了。She

wondered

what

the

child

was

doing.

她想知道孩子在做什么。(10)I

really

enjoyed

walking

around

the

town.

我真的很喜歡在鎮(zhèn)上到處走走。①enjoy為及物動詞，意為“喜愛；欣賞；享受....的樂趣”，其后接名詞代詞或動名詞作賓語。例：Do

you

enjoy

your

job?

你喜歡你的工作嗎?

I

enjoy

reading

books.我喜歡讀書。拓展：玩得開心相關(guān)表達(dá)enjoy

oneselfIt

seemed

that

he

didn’t

enjoy

himself

at

the

party.

似乎他在聚會上玩得不開心。have

funWe

have

fun

talking

with

him.

我們和他一起聊天很高興。have

a

good/nice/great/wonderful

timeThey

have

a

good

time

playing

in

the

park.

他們在公園玩得很開心。②walk

around...

意為“在.....四處走走”例：He’s

just

walking

around

the

village.

他只是在村莊里隨便走走。(11)What

a

difference

a

day

makes!一天的變化有多大呀!①what引導(dǎo)感嘆句，what用來修飾名詞。常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有：What

a/

an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)(+主語+謂語)!What

a

beautiful

girl

she

is!

她是一個多么漂亮的女孩啊!What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)(+主語+謂語)!What

good

weather

it

is!

多好的天氣啊!What

hard-working

students

they

are!他們是多么努力的學(xué)生啊!②difference

意為“差別，差異”；其形容詞形式為different，意為“不同的；有差異的”。例：What’s

the

difference

between

skating

and

skiing?

滑冰和滑雪有什么不同?(12)And

because

of

the

bad

weather，we

couldn't

see

anything

below.并且由于這壞天氣，我們看不見下面的任何東西。because

of意為“因?yàn)?...由于.....”，后接名詞或代詞，相當(dāng)于

“because+句子”所以本句可替換為：And

we

couldn’t

see

anything

below

because

the

weather

was

bad.(13)My

father

didn’t

bring

enough

money,

so

we

only

had

one

bowl

of

rice

and

some

fish.我的爸爸沒有帶足夠多的錢，因此我們只吃了一-碗米飯和一些魚肉。enough既可作形容詞，也可作副詞，還可作代詞，用法如下：代詞，“足夠；充分”可以代替可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，在句中作主語或賓語。I

have

had

enough.

Thank

you.謝謝你，我吃飽了。形容詞，“足夠的”

修飾名詞作定語，置于被修飾的名詞前后均可。

I

have

enough

money

to

buy

a

dictionary.我有足夠的錢買本詞典。

副詞，“足夠地；充分地”

常置于被修飾的動詞、形容詞或副詞之后，一般不跟that從句。He

is

not

old

enough

to

go

to

school.他年齡太小，不能去上學(xué)。四、語法聚焦(1)復(fù)合不定代詞不指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫作不定代詞。復(fù)合不定代詞是由some-,

any-,

every-,

no-

加上-one,-body,-thing等所組成的不定代詞。包括：-one-body-thingsome-someonesomebodysomethingany-anyoneanybodyanythingevery-everyoneeverybodyeverythingno-no

onenobodynothing這些復(fù)合不定代詞具有名詞性質(zhì)，在句中可用作主語、賓語或表語，但不能用作定語。使用時(shí)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：①指代對象不同（辨析：some-,

any-）some-

構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞用于肯定句作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式any-

構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞用于否定句、疑問句②含some-和any-的復(fù)合不定代詞的用法區(qū)別some-any-one/body只用來指人Someone/Somebody

is

crying

in

the

next

room.有人在隔壁房間哭。thing只用來指事物Are

you

going.

to

buy

anything?

你會去買些東西嗎?在表示請求、邀請、提建議等帶有委婉語氣的疑問句和希望得到對方肯定答復(fù)的疑問句以及表示反問的問句中，也可用something,

someone,

somebody

等復(fù)合不定代詞。例：Would

you

like

something

to

eat?

你要吃些東西嗎?當(dāng)anything表示“任何事(物)，無論任何事（物）”，anyone,

anybody表示“無論誰，任何人”等意義時(shí)，它們也可以用于肯定句中。例：Anything

is

OK.

什么都行③復(fù)合不定代詞的數(shù)復(fù)合不定代詞都具有單數(shù)的含義，當(dāng)它們充當(dāng)句子的主語時(shí)，其后的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例：Is

everyone

here

today?

今天每個人都到了嗎?Nothing

is

difficult

if

you

put

your

heart

into

it.

世上無難事，只怕有心人。④復(fù)合不定代詞的定語需后置，即放在復(fù)合不定代詞的后面。例：Can

you

tell

something

interesting?

你能講些有趣的事情嗎?(2)一般過去時(shí)（I）①一般過去時(shí)的用法一般過去時(shí)用來描述過去發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和一般過去時(shí)搭配的標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語有yesterday,

last

week,

in

the

past等。例：They

stayed

at

home

yesterday.

昨天他們待在家里。②一般過去時(shí)的三種句式結(jié)構(gòu)：含be動詞主語+was/

were+表語They

were

very

happy.

他們很開心。There

be句型There

was/

were+主語+地點(diǎn)狀語There

was

a

farm

near

here

two

years

ago.兩年前這兒附近有一個農(nóng)場。含行為動詞主語+行為動詞的過去式+其他The

students

went

to

the

farm

yesterday.昨天學(xué)生們?nèi)マr(nóng)場了。③一般過去時(shí)的句式變化be動詞的一般過去時(shí)的句式變化肯定句主語+was/were+表語We

were

at

home

yesterday.

昨天我們在家。否定句主語+wasn’t/weren’t+表語We

weren’t

at

home

yesterday.

昨天我們不在家。一般疑問句Was/Were+主語+表語？Were

you

at

home

yesterday?

昨天你們在家嗎?肯定答語Yes，主語+was/were.—Yes,

we

were.

是的，我們在家。否定答語No,主語+

wasn’t/

weren’t.—No,

we

weren’t.

不，我們不在家。there

be句型的一般過去時(shí)的句式變化：肯定句There

was/

were+主語+地點(diǎn)狀語.There

were

some

trees

in

the

village

five

years

ago.五年前這個村莊有一些樹。否定句There

wasn’t/

weren’t+主語+地點(diǎn)狀語.There

weren’t

any

trees

in

the

village

five

years

ago.五年前這個村莊沒有樹。一般疑問句Was/Were

there+主語+地點(diǎn)狀語?Were

there

any

trees

in

the

village

five

years

ago?五年前這個村莊有樹嗎?肯定答語Yes,

there

was/were.—Yes,

there

were.

是的，有。否定答語No,

there

wasn’t/

weren’t.—No,

there

weren't.

不，沒有。行為動詞的一般過去時(shí)的句式變化肯定句主語+動詞的過去式+其他.We

went

to

the

museum

last

week.

上周我們?nèi)ゲ┪镳^了。否定句主語+didn't+動詞原形+其他.We

didn’t

go

to

the

museum

last

week.

上周我們沒有去博物館。一般疑問句Did+主語+動詞原形+其他?Did

you

go

to

the

museum

last

week?

上周你們?nèi)ゲ┪镳^了嗎?肯定答語Yes,

主語+did.—Yes,

we

did.

是的，我們?nèi)チ恕７穸ù鹫ZNo,

主語+didn't.—No,

we

didn’t.

不，我們沒有去。④動詞的過去式的變化規(guī)律包括規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。規(guī)則變化通常以-ed結(jié)尾。具體如下：構(gòu)成規(guī)則舉例一般情況下動詞原形末尾加-edhelp—helped結(jié)尾是e的動詞加-dLive—lived以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，且末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-edstop—stoppedplan—planned結(jié)尾是“輔音字母+y”的動詞，先變y為i再加-edcarry—carried；study—studied不規(guī)則變化的動詞有許多，常見的有：動詞（verb）過去式（past

tense）動詞（verb）過去式（past

tense）havehadcomecamedodidgowentfindfounddrivedrovehearheardseesawbuyboughtdrinkdrankforgetforgotleaveleftletletcutcuthurthurtputputcostcostreadreadsingsangkeepkeptswimswamsaysaidspendspentpaypaidwearworetaketookspeakspoketelltold(3)一般過去時(shí)（II）側(cè)重行為動詞的一般過去時(shí)的特殊疑問句①對人物進(jìn)行提問時(shí)有兩種情況：如果人物作主語Who+行為動詞的過去式+其他?Who

cleaned

our

classroom

yesterday?昨天誰打掃了我們的教室?如果人物作賓語Who/Whom+

did+主語+動詞原形+其他?Who

did

you

go

with?你和誰一起去的?②對事件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式等進(jìn)行提問時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：特殊疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形+其他?vWhat

did

he

do

last

night?

昨天晚上他做什么了?

（事件）vWhen

did

you

meet

Lisa?

你是什么時(shí)候遇到莉薩的?（時(shí)間）vWhere

did

you

go

last

weekend?上周末你們?nèi)ツ睦锪?（地點(diǎn)）vHow

did

you

get

to

Beijing?

你是怎么到北京的?

（方式）vWhy

did

you

want

to

visit

China?

你為什么想去游覽中國?（原因）Unit

2

How

often

do

you

exercise?一、短語歸納①help

with

housework

幫助做家務(wù)活②go

shopping

購物③on

weekends

在周末④how

often

多久一次⑤hardly

ever幾乎不⑥once

a

week

每周一次⑦twice

a

month每月二次⑧go

to

the

movies去看電影⑨every

day

每天⑩use

the

Internet上網(wǎng)/用網(wǎng)?be

free有空?have

dance

and

piano

lessons

上舞蹈鋼琴課?swing

dance搖擺舞

?play

tennis

打網(wǎng)球?stay

up

late

熬夜?at

least至少

?go

to

bed

early

早睡?play

sports

鍛煉身體?be

good

for

對…有好處?go

camping去野營21in

one’s

free

time

在某人的空閑時(shí)間22not….at

all

根本不

23the

most

popular

最流行

24such

as例如

25go

to

the

dentist去看牙醫(yī)26more

than

超過/多于27Old

habits

die

hard.舊習(xí)慣難改28hard=difficult

困難的

，

29less

than

少于/不到二、典句必背①—What

do

you

usually

do

on

weekends?

你周末通常做什么？

—I

always

exercise.

總是鍛煉身體。②—What

do

they

do

on

weekends?

他們周末干什么？

—They

often

help

with

housework.

他們經(jīng)常幫助干家務(wù)活。③—What

does

she

do

on

weekends?

她周末干什么？

—She

sometimes

goes

shopping.

她有時(shí)購物。④—How

often

do

you

go

to

the

movies?

你多久看電影一次？⑤—I

go

to

the

movies

maybe

once

a

month.

可能一個月看一次。⑥—How

often

does

he

watch

TV?

他多久看電視一次？—He

hardly

ever

watches

TV.

他幾乎不看電視。⑦—Do

you

go

shopping?

你購物嗎？

—No,

I

never

go

shopping.

不，我從來就不購物。三、用法集萃(5)How

often

do

you

watch

TV?

你多久看一次how

often意為“多長時(shí)間一次

，每隔多久”，是對句中的often,

usually，every

day,

sometimes,

never,once

a

week等表示頻率的詞或短語提問，多用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例：—How

often

do

you

go

to

see

a

film?

你多久看一次電影?

—Once

a

week.

一周一次。辨析：how

often,

how

soon,

how

far與how

longHow

oftenHow

often

do

you

visit

your

mother?你多長時(shí)間看你媽媽一次?—Once

a

week.

一周一次?！岸嚅L時(shí)間一次或每隔多久”，是就做某事的頻率提問How

soonHow

soon

will

he

be

back?

他要多久回來?—In

an

hour.

一小時(shí)以后多久之后，側(cè)重某人某事多久能完成How

farHow

far

is

it

from

here

to

the

zoo?

從這里到動物園有多遠(yuǎn)?—It’s

6

kilometres.6千米?！岸噙h(yuǎn)”，就路程提問How

timesHow

long

did

he

stay

here?

他在這兒待了多久?一About

two

weeks.

大約兩個星期?！皶r(shí)間多久或物體多長”，表示時(shí)間，

側(cè)重指“一段時(shí)間”辨析sometimes,sometimes,sometime,sometimesometimes表示“有時(shí)”，提問用howoften,

指頻率Hesometimeswalkstoschool.

他有時(shí)走路去學(xué)校sometimes表示“幾次，幾倍”，提問用howmanytimesIhavebeentoJapansometimes.我已經(jīng)去過北京幾次了sometime表示“某個時(shí)候”，提問用whenIwillgotoBeijingsometimenextweek.我將在下周某個時(shí)候去北京sometime表示“一段時(shí)間”，提問用howlongIstayedinBeijingforsometime.我在北京待了一段時(shí)間(6)Oh,

I

have

to

play

tennis

with

my

friends.

哦，我必須和我的朋友們一起打網(wǎng)球。have

to意為“必須，不得不”，強(qiáng)調(diào)受客觀條件的影響而“不得不去做某事”。它有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，在變?yōu)橐蓡柧浠蚍穸ň鋾r(shí)要借助助動詞do,

does或did。例：Does

she

have

to

go

home

now?

現(xiàn)在她必須回家嗎?We

had

t

walk

to

shoo

yesterday.

昨天我們不得不步行去了學(xué)校。（have

to強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要，must表示主觀愿望和看法。）(7)They

often

help

with

housework.

他們經(jīng)常幫忙做家務(wù)。help

with意為“在某方面幫助”，是固定短語，也可寫作help

sb.

with

sth.

表示“在某方面幫助某人”拓展：help相關(guān)短語help

sb.(to)

do

sth.幫助某人做某事help

oneself

to

sth.自用(食物等)help

sb.

out幫助某人克服困難help

sb.

into/out

of

攙扶某人進(jìn)人/走出can’t

help

doing

sth.禁不住做某事with

the

help

of

在....的幫助下(8)But

my

mother

wants

me

to

drink

it.

但是我媽媽想要我喝它(牛奶)。want

sb.

to

do

sth.

屬于“動詞+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。例：She

wanted

me

to

read

it

again.

她想要我再讀一遍。(6)She

says

it’s

good

for

my

health.

她說那對我的健康有好處。句中的it’s

good

for

my

health作says的賓語；it

指上文所說的“喝牛奶”拓展：與good相關(guān)短語短語及含義舉例be

good

for

對...有好處Eating

fruit

is

good

for

our

health.

吃水果對我們的健康有好處be

good

to

對...友好He

is

good

to

me.

他對我很友好be

good

with

善于應(yīng)付...的；對...有辦法He

is

good

with

difficulty.

他善于應(yīng)付困難be

good

at

對...擅長You’re

good

at

telling

stories.

你很擅長講故事(14)Although

many

students

like

to

watch

sports,

game

shows

are

the

most

popular.雖然許多學(xué)生喜歡看體育節(jié)目,但游戲類節(jié)目是最受歡迎的。Although作連詞，意為“雖然，盡管”，用于引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，語氣比較強(qiáng)，可放于句首或句中，有時(shí)可與though

互換。例：Although

he

was

tired,

he

went

on

working.

盡管他很累，他仍然繼續(xù)工作。He

often

helps

me

with

my

English

although/though

he

is

quite

busy.盡管他相當(dāng)忙，但他常常幫我學(xué)英語。although/

though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句不能與but連用，但可以與yet,

still連用。(15)It

is

good

to

relax

by

using

the

Internet

or

watching

game

shows,

but

we

think

the

best

way

to

relax

is

through

exercise.通過上網(wǎng)或觀看游戲類節(jié)目放松是有好處的，但我們認(rèn)為，放松的最好方法是通過鍛煉。句型“It

is/was

+adj

(for

sb.)+to

do

sth.”中，it是形式主語，真正的主語是動詞不定式短語to

do

sth.。該句型的意思是：“（對某人來說）做某事.....的”It’s+adj.+for

sb.+to

do

sth.該句式常用于表示事物的特征、特點(diǎn)。形容詞常為表示客觀情況的形容詞，如：easy,

hard,

difficult,

interesting,

impossible等It’s

very

hard

for

him

to

learn

two

languages.對他來說學(xué)兩種語言是很難的。It's+adj.+of

sb.+to

do

sth.該句式常用于表示人物的性格、品德。形容詞常為表示主觀感情或態(tài)度的形容詞，如：good,

kind,

nice,

clever,

foolish等It’s

very

nice

of

you

to

help

me.你來幫助我，你真是太好了。四、語法聚焦v頻度副詞：表示動作頻率的副詞

辨析：always,

usually,

often,

sometimes,

seldom,

never頻度頻度副詞含義舉例頻率由高到低always一直；總是The

sun

always

rises

in

the

east

and

sets

in

the

west.太陽總是東升西落usually通常I

usually

ask

my

father

for

help.

我通常會向我爸爸求助often經(jīng)常It

often

rains

here

in

April.

這兒四月份常下雨sometimes有時(shí)；不時(shí)I

sometimes

wait

for

him

at

the

school

gate.我有時(shí)在學(xué)校大門口等他seldom/hardly/hardly/ever很少；幾乎不I

don’t

like

swimming,

so

I

seldom

go

swimming.我不喜歡游泳，所以我很少去游泳never從不；從來沒有I

never

tell

lies.

我從不說謊Unit

3

I’m

more

outdoing

than

my

sister.一、短語歸納①more

outgoing

更外向/更開朗②as...as...與……一樣③the

singing

competition

歌詠比賽④the

most

important最重要的⑤be

talented

in

music

在音樂方面有天賦⑥the

same

as與……相同⑦care

about

關(guān)心/留意/關(guān)注⑧be

different

from與…不同⑨be

like

a

mirror

像一面鏡子

⑩as

long

as與…一樣長?bring

out顯示/顯出/生產(chǎn)/帶來?get

better

grade取得好成績?reach

for伸手達(dá)到/達(dá)到?touch

one’s

heart

感動?in

fact

事實(shí)上

?make

friends交朋友?be

good

at

在某方面成績好?the

other另一個?be

similar

to

對…熟悉

?be

good

with與…和睦相處二、典句必背①Sam

has

longer

hair

than

Tom.

薩姆的頭發(fā)比湯姆的長。②She

also

sings

more

loudly

than

Tara.

她唱歌也比泰拉聲音大。③For

me,

a

good

friend

likes

to

do

the

same

things

as

me.對于我來說，好朋友喜歡跟我做相同的事情。④I

think

a

good

friend

makes

me

laugh.

我認(rèn)為好朋友會讓我笑。⑤My

mother

told

me

a

good

friend

is

like

a

mirror.我媽媽告訴我好朋友就像一面鏡子。⑥We

both

like

sports.

我們兩個都喜歡運(yùn)動。⑦M(jìn)y

best

friend

helps

to

bring

out

the

best

in

me.我最好的朋友幫我把最好的方面發(fā)掘出來。⑧

Larry

is

much

less

hard-working,

so

I

always

get

better

grades.拉里不如我用功，因此我總是取得更好的成績。三、用法集萃(9)Both

Sam

and

Tom

can

play

the

drums,

but

Sam

plays

them

better

than

Tom.薩姆和湯姆都會打鼓,但薩姆比湯姆打得更好。both既可以作形容詞，又可以作不定代詞使用。常見用法如下：both常放于系動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞之后，實(shí)義動詞之前They

both

want

to

go

to

the

movies.

他們兩個都想去看電影Linda

and

Lucy

are

both

good

at

playing

the

piano.琳達(dá)和露西都擅長彈鋼琴We

should

both

go

to

visit

our

grandma.我們兩個都應(yīng)該去看望我們的奶奶both作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，在這個用法中，both常與介詞of連用，構(gòu)成“both

of...”結(jié)構(gòu)Both

of

us

like

watching

the

talent

show.我們兩個都喜歡看才藝表演。both..and..意為“兩者都”，連接兩個主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式Both

my

father

and

my

mother

are

English

teachers.我爸爸和我媽媽都是英語老師。v拓展單詞用法反義詞both兩者都...。both與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，但both...and..可與單數(shù)名詞連用neither兩者都不all三者或三者以上。all修飾或指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，all修飾或指代不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)none三者或三者以上都不(10)That’s

Tara,

isn’t

it?

那是塔拉，不是嗎?這是一個反意疑問句。反意疑問句是由陳述部分+反意疑問部分構(gòu)成的，希望證實(shí)所敘述的內(nèi)容。反意疑問句，有以下兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定的陳述部分+否定的反意疑問部分The

students

enjoy

playing

football,

don’t

they?這些學(xué)生很喜歡踢足球，是不是?否定的陳述部分+肯定的反意疑問部分You

didn’t

go,

did

you?

你沒去，是嗎？(11)And

She

also

sings

more

loudly

than

Tara.

她唱歌也比泰拉聲音大。辨析：aloud,

loud,

loudly單詞用法例句aloud意思是“出聲地、高聲地”，強(qiáng)調(diào)能讓人聽得見。Read

aloud

so

that

we

can

all

hear

you.大點(diǎn)兒聲讀,以便我們都能聽見你。loud意思是“大聲地、高聲地、響亮地”，強(qiáng)調(diào)聲音響亮，常與動詞speak,

talk,

say,

laugh

等連用。Don’t

talk

so

loud.

講話聲音不要這么大。loudly意思是“高聲地”，有時(shí)可與loud通用，但含有“喧鬧”的意味。Someone

knocked

loudly

at

the

door.有人在大聲敲門(12)Tara

works

as

hard

as

Tina.

塔拉工作和蒂娜一樣努力。as...as...意為“像...一樣...”，該結(jié)構(gòu)中第一個as是副詞，第二個as是介詞或連詞，用于表示同級之間的比較。其主要用法如下：as+形容詞/副詞的原級+as..兩者在某一方面相同或相等Mary

works

as

carefully

as

Linda.

Mary工作和Linda一樣細(xì)心。not

as/so...as...不想...一樣...Spring

isn’t

as/so

cold

as

winter.

春天不像冬天那么冷。as

much/

many+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+as...可表示數(shù)量(7)Well,

everyone

wants

to

win.

所有人都想贏。辨析：win,

beatwin及物動詞意為“贏得”，賓語是比賽、戰(zhàn)爭、獎品、金錢等名詞不及物動詞意為“獲勝”beat及物動詞意為“擊敗”，賓語是比賽或競爭的對手，即指人或團(tuán)隊(duì)的名詞或代詞不及物動詞意為“（風(fēng)雨等）拍打，（心臟）跳動”例：We

beat

them

and

won

the

match.

我么打敗了他們，贏得了比賽(8)But

the

most

important

thing

is

to

learn

something

me

and

have

fun.但最重要的事情是學(xué)習(xí)一些新東西并享受快樂。①“to

learn

something

new

and

have

fun”是動詞不定式短語，在句中作表語。②have

fun是固定搭配，意為“玩得高興，計(jì)得快樂”，其相關(guān)詞組是have

fun(

in)doing

sth.，表示“做某事有樂趣”。have

a

good

time/enjoy

oneself都可表示“過得愉快”。例：We

have

a

lot

of

fun

in

the

park.

我們在公園里玩得很快樂。I

have

no

fun

in

spending

the

evening

doing

noting.

我晚上沒有事做很無聊。(7)I

think

a

good

friend

makes

me

laugh.

我認(rèn)為一個好朋友能使我笑。make

sb.

do

sth.

“讓/使某人做某事”。make

后跟省略to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例：His

words

made

us

feel

so

excited.

他的話使我們感覺如此興奮。The

boss

made

the

workers

work

day

and

night.

老板讓工人們整日整夜地工作。v拓展see

、watch

、look

at（即“三眼”），hear、listen

to（即“兩耳”），feel（即“感覺”），以及l(fā)et、have、make三個使役動詞后跟省略to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例：Did

you

hear

him

go

out?

你聽到他出去了嗎?I

often

see

him

play

basketball

in

the

playground.

我經(jīng)常看見他在操場上打籃球。(8)But

I

think

friends

are

like

books—you

don’t

need

a

lot

of

them

as

long

as

they

are

good.但我認(rèn)為朋友就像書一樣——朋友不在多而貴在好as

long

as意為