國家公共英語（四級(jí)）筆試模擬試卷14（共594題）

國家公共英語（四級(jí)）筆試模擬試卷14

（共9套）

（共594題）

國家公共英語（四級(jí)）筆試模擬試卷第

1套

一、聽力填空（本題共5題，每題7.0分，共5分。）

_________國魚包醛"勺4也9S?儂羅2/1wc.必:矍中助：學(xué)，

WhentheUnitedStateswasformed,wherewereonly13,

Thethirteenstatesdeclaredtheindependencein

In1776,the13coloniesfoughtaseven-yearWarof

Thethirty-sevenotherstateswereadmittedtothe

mationastheygainedenough

PhelasttwostatestocomeinwereAlaskaand□

WhentheUnitedStateswasformed,wherewereinly13

ThethirteenstatesdeclaredtheindependencemEH

In1776,the13coloniesIoughtaseven-yearWaxof

Thethirty-sevenotherstateswereadmittedtothe

mationastheygainedenough

ThelasttwostatestocomeinwereAlaskaand5

1、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：states

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

2、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：1776

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

3、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Independence

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

4、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Population

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

5、

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Hawaii

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

二、高級(jí)聽力填空（本題共5題，每題7.0分，共5

分。）

BeforeMikebecameanactor,whatkindofschooldidhegoto?

6、BeforeMikebecameanactor,whatkindofschooldidhegoto?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Adramaschool

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

7、Howoftendidthesmalltheatercompanydoanewplay?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Everytwoweeks

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

8、ThetelevisiondramaMikedidlastyearwasabout

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：apolicedetective

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

9、Whatenableshimtoearnalotofmoney?

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Doingtelevisionadvertisements

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

10、FromnextweekMikeplanstorun

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Adramaworkshop

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

三、聽力長對話（含3小題）（本題共6題，每題7.0

分，共6分。）

Therearetwokindsofpeopleaccordingtothenarrator,onekindofpeoplecanlearn

thingsquickly,buttheotherkindofpeople.

11、Therearetwokindsofpeopleaccordingtothenarrator,onekindofpeoplecanlearn

thingsquickly,buttheotherkindofpeople.

A、canneverrememberalongpoem

B、canrememberbutittakeslongerforthem

C^canonlyremembershortpassage

D、alwaysforgetpeoplesnames

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

12、Agoodmemoryisinlearningalanguage.

A、atalent

B、agreathelp

C、abighindrance

D、askill

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

13^Aman^mindisratherlike.

A^amachine

B、acamera

C、aphoto

D^adictionary

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

What'sthepurposeofoutsourcing?

14、What'sthepurposeofoutsourcing?

A、Recruitingnewstaff.

B、Producingqualityproducts.

C、Increasingproductivity.

D、Savemoneyandlaborcost.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

15^Whatkindofjobshavebeenmovedtocountriesv/ithlowerlaborcosts?

A、Factoryproduction.

B、Computerprogramming.

C、Labor-intensivejobs.

D、Alloftheabove.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

16、Howmanyjobswerelostin2001accordingtothelaborgroups'complaints?

A、250,000jobs.

B、25,000jobs.

C^2,500,000jobs.

D、2,500jobs.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

四、聽力長對話（含4小題）（本題共4題，每題1.0

分,共4分。）

Whatarenon-readers,accordingtothefirstspeaker?

17>Whatarenon-readers,accordingtothefirstspeaker?

A、Peopleseldomreadnewspapers

B、Peoplecannotread.

C>Peoplehaveeyeproblems.

D、Alltheabove

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

18、Typicalnon-readersaredescribedasasshowedbyearlyresearches.

A、lowineducation

lowinincome

C、eitherveryyoungorveryold

D、alltheabove

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

19、Doesthemalespeakerlovethenon-readerlifestyledepictedbyearlyresearchers?

A、Yes,helovesit.

B、No,hethinksitishorrible.

C、Hedoesn'tmentionit.

D^Hedoesn'tcareaboutthelifestyleproblem.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

20、Whatisthefirstspeaker5s（thcfemaleone）opinionaboutreading?

A、Readingisagoodhabit.

Readingisgoodbutnotnecessary.

C、Readingwillmakeonefeelupset.

D、Non-readersarehopeless.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)效案.A

知識(shí)之解析：暫無解析

五、完型填空（本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。）

Industrial[21]doesnotjusthappen.Companies[22]lowaccident

ratesplantheirsafetyprograms,workhardtoorganizethem,and[23]working

tokeepthem[24]andactive.Whentheworkis[25]done,a[26]

ofaccident-freeoperations[27]established[28]timelost

duetoinjuriesiskept[29]aminimum.Successfulsafetyprogramsmay

[30]greatlyintheemphasisplaced[31]certainaspectsofthe

program.Someplacegreatemphasisonmechanicalguarding.Othersstresssafework

practicesby[32]rulesor[33].[34]othersdependonan

emotionalappeal[35]theworker.But,therearecertainbasicideasthatmust

beusedineveryprogramifmaximumresultsaretobeobtained.Therecanbeno

questionaboutthevalueofasafetyprogram.Fromafinancialstandpointalone,safety

[36].The[37]theinjury[38],thebettertheworkman's

insurancerate.Thismaymeanthedifference[39]operatingat[40]

orataloss.

21、[21]

A、safety

B、safe

C^security

D、secure

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)詞語結(jié)構(gòu)和語法。首先這是個(gè)主語，所以必須用名詞形式，排除

B和D。safety常指一種安全的狀態(tài)，如Theyrantosafety,awayfromthe

fire,security常指安全措施,如Agoodfireisasecurityagainstwildbeasts.

22、[22]

A、at

B、in

C^on

D^with

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)詞語咨配。提示詞是rate,需要一個(gè)介詞構(gòu)成短語作定語修飾

companies?with具有，帶有，表示特征，可以引起短語作定語。Aat與rate搭

配，常用短語:ata...rateattherateof...以速度（比率）。如toincreaseat

highrate以高速度增長，Thecarwasgoingattherateof40miles.汽車以每小時(shí)40

英里速度行駛.Bin和Con不能構(gòu)成搭配.

23、[231

A、stop

B、continue

C^interrupt

D、construct

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)上下文語境。stop停止，有兩種用法：stopdoingsth停止做某

事，§10「10(100山停下來開始做某事，811所此繼續(xù)，連續(xù)，延伸；inlemap【阻斷；

中斷；construct建造，構(gòu)造，創(chuàng)立。

24、[24]

A、alive

B、vivid

C、mobile

D、diverse

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)句子關(guān)系和詞義。提示詞是and和active,and連接兩個(gè)并列關(guān)

系的形容詞，在意思上應(yīng)該接近。alive有活力的，活躍的，與句子中aclive是同

義詞。vivid生動(dòng)的，深刻的，栩栩如生的。mobile移動(dòng)的,流動(dòng)的。diverse種類

不同的，各種各樣的。

25、[251

A、well

B、good

C、superb

D、wonderful

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)固定搭配。Welldone做得不錯(cuò)?？谡Z中也常用，表示對別人所

作的事情的肯定。Welldone!干得好！

26>[26]

A、regulation

B、climate

C、circumstance

D、requirement

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)上下文句意與詞義。提示詞是，指前一句制訂安全計(jì)劃，組織實(shí)

施安全計(jì)劃，并且使之持久有效的進(jìn)行下去這一系列工作。climaie氣氛，風(fēng)氣。

regulation規(guī)則，規(guī)章，條例。circumstance環(huán)境，境況，通常用做復(fù)數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)與某

一特定的人或事件相關(guān)聯(lián)的情況。requirement要求，指要求或需要的東西，或規(guī)

定的事物。常用搭配：ineet/satisfy〔herequirement符合要求，達(dá)到規(guī)定。

27、[27]

A、are

B、is

C^was

D、were

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)語法。主語是regulation,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，故可排除A和D。

判斷時(shí)態(tài)，應(yīng)當(dāng)用過去時(shí)，所以應(yīng)當(dāng)選B。

28、[28]

A^where

B、how

C、what

D、unless

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)語法結(jié)構(gòu)和句法分析。這里是一個(gè)定語從句，修飾先行詞where

引導(dǎo)定語從句，作地點(diǎn)狀語，等于inwhich。原句定語從句太長，為了保持句子結(jié)

構(gòu)平衡放在了句末。how如何，引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，what引導(dǎo)主語或賓語從句，

不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。unless除非，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。

29、[29]

A、in

B、upon

C、at

D、on

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)固定搭配。keepsthataminimumW減至最小。這里是指傷

害減到最小。

30、[30]

A、alter

B、differ

C、shift

D、distinguish

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)句意與詞語搭配，應(yīng)該和后面的介詞in構(gòu)成固定短語。搭配

differin在...方面不同，有差異。alter（性格、性質(zhì)、大小等的）改變，更改。

shift（位置、方向上的）移動(dòng)和轉(zhuǎn)變。dislinguish區(qū)分，辨別（不同之處），常用短語：

distinguishAfromB/betweenAandBo

31、[31]

A、in

upon

C、at

D、on

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)固定搭配。on...aspects）是指在……方面。這句話的意思

是：成功的安全措施最大的不同在于在某些方面加以強(qiáng)調(diào)。

32、[32]

A、constituting

aggravating

C、observing

D、justifying

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)詞語搭配與詞義區(qū)別。observing遵守，服從（規(guī)則、法律等）。

observeihespeedlimit遵守速度限制,conslituting組成,構(gòu)成（機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等）。

aggravating扁情、罪過、局勢等）加劇，惡化。justifying證明正當(dāng)，認(rèn)為有理。

33、[33]

A^regulations

B、principles

C、examples

D、exceptions

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)同義反復(fù)原則，所連接的前后兩個(gè)詞意思上應(yīng)該接近。與rules

意思接近的就是Aregulations。Bprinciples原理，定律；原則，主義；Cexamples

例子，實(shí)例，例題，Dexceptions除外條款，免責(zé)事項(xiàng)

34、[34]

A、Some

B、Many

C、Even

D、Still

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)語篇結(jié)構(gòu)。文章中使用結(jié)構(gòu)詞some…others…stillothers闡明各

種安全計(jì)劃的不同。still符合語篇結(jié)構(gòu)特征。some,many和even不符合文章結(jié)

構(gòu)。

35、[35]

A、upon

to

C、at

D、by

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)詞組和上下文。appealto呼吁，要求，訴諸，上訴，有吸引力；

如appealtoarms[force]訴諸武力；Sheappealstome.我對她感興趣。

36、[36]

A^comesoff

B、turnsup

C、paysoff

D^holdsup

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)詞義。paysoff得到報(bào)償，是值得的comesoff舉行，進(jìn)行l(wèi)urns

up出現(xiàn)，出席；開大holdsup阻塞，延誤

37、[37]

A、larger

B、bigger

C、fewer

D、better

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)上下文語境判斷。

38、【38】

A、claims

B、reports

C、declarations

D、proclamations

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)語法結(jié)構(gòu)選詞，后面的比較內(nèi)容insurancerale可作提示，說明

這里的選項(xiàng)意思應(yīng)該與insurancerate同屬一類內(nèi)容。claims索賠。reports匯報(bào)，報(bào)

告declarations宣布，申報(bào)proclamations宣布，聲明

39、【39】

A、or

B、and

C、among

D、between

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)上下文邏輯關(guān)系。后面提出了兩種選擇，故此處應(yīng)當(dāng)用

between。如Itissomethingbetweenajugandavase.這東西既像瓦罐乂像花瓶，

40、[40]

A、anadvantage

B、abenefit

C、aninterest

D、aprofit

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)上下文邏輯關(guān)系。句中。r是提示詞，表示選擇關(guān)系，說明所連

接的兩部分語義相反。aprofit利潤常用搭配：ataprofit嬴利和ataloss損失，虧損

是反義詞。anadvantage優(yōu)勢，長處。abenefit利益，好處。aninterest利益，常用

復(fù)數(shù)。

六、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）（本題共20題，每題7.0

分,共20分。）

Botany,thestudyofplants,occupiesapeculiarpositioninthehistoryofhuman

knowledge.Formanythousandsofyearsitwastheonefieldofawarenessaboutwhich

humanshadanythingmorethanthevaguestofinsights.Ilisimpossibletoknowtoday

justwhatourStoneAgeancestorsknewaboutplants,butfromwhatwecanobserveof

preindustrialsocietiesthatstillexist,adetailedlearningofplantsandtheirproperties

mustbeextremelyancient.Thisislogical.Plantsarethebasisofthefoodpyramidforall

livingthings,evenforotherplants.Theyhavealwaysbeenenormouslyimportanttothe

welfareofpeople,notonlyforfood,butalsoforclothing,weapons,tools,dyes,

medicines,shelter,andagreatmanyotherpurposes.Tribeslivingtodayinthejunglesof

theAmazonrecognizeliterallyhundredsofplantsandknowmanypropertiesofeach.To

diembotany,assuch,hasnonameandisprobablynotevenrecognizedasaspecial

branchof"knowledge1'atall.Unfortunately,themoreindustrializedwebecome,the

fartherawaywemovefromdirectcontactwithplants,andthelessdistinctour

knowledgeofbotanygrows.Yeteveryonecomesunconsciouslyonanamazingamount

ofbotanicalknowledge,andfewpeoplewillfailtorecognizearose,anapple,oran

orchid.WhenourNeolithicancestors,livingintheMiddleEastabout10,000yearsago,

discoveredthatcertaingrassescouldbeharvestedandtheirseedsplantedforricheryields

thenextseason,thefirstgreatstepinanewassociationofplantsandhumanswastaken.

Grainswerediscoveredandfromthemflowedthemarvelofagriculture:cultivatedcrops.

Fromthenon,humanswouldincreasinglytaketheirlivingfromthecontrolled

productionofafewplants,ratherthangettingalittlehereandalittletherefrommany

varietiesthatgrewwild-andtheaccumulatedknowledgeoftensofthousandsofyears

ofexperienceandintimacywithplantsinthewildwouldbegintofadeaway.

41、Whichofthefollowingassumptionsaboutearlyhumansisexpressedinthe

passage?

A、Theyprobablyhadextensiveknowledgeofplants.

B>Theythoughttherewasnoneedtocultivatecrops.

C、Theydidnotenjoythestudyofbotany.

D^Theyplacedgreatimportanceontheownershipofproperty.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考杳準(zhǔn)理判斷。文章的第一句和第二句的意思是：植物學(xué)在人類

知識(shí)的歷史上占據(jù)著獨(dú)特的地位。幾萬年來，人類對植物學(xué)這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的見識(shí)不像對

其他領(lǐng)域那樣模糊。表明了，早期的人類對植物有著廣博的知識(shí)，所以，選項(xiàng)A

為正確答案。

42、Whatdoesthecomment"Thisislogical."inline5ofthefirstparagraph

（underlined）mean?

A^Thereisnoclearwaytodeterminetheextentofourancestor'sknowledgeofplants.

B、Itisnotsurprisingthatearlyhumanshadadetailedknowledgeofplants.

C、Itisreasonabletoassumethatourancestorsbehavedverymuchlikepeoplein

preindustrialsocieties.

D、Humanknowledgeofplantsiswellorganizedandverydetailed.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查細(xì)節(jié)。在這句評(píng)論的前面，作者曾講到過，早期的人類對植

物有著廣博的知識(shí)，雖然今天我們不可能知道我們的祖先對?植物都了解些什么，但

可以斷定他們掌握了非常詳細(xì)的植物學(xué)知識(shí)。"Thisislogical.（這很合乎邏輯）”，

因?yàn)?Plantsarethebasisofthefoodpyramidforalllivingthings,evenforother

plants.（植物對所有生物，甚至對于其他植物來說，是食物金字塔的基礎(chǔ)。戶所

以，他們掌握了非常詳細(xì)的植物學(xué)知識(shí)一點(diǎn)也不令人吃驚，即選項(xiàng)B正確。

43、Accordingtothepassage,whyhasgeneralknowledgeofbotanybeguntofade?

A^Peoplenolongervalueplantsasausefulresource.

B、Botanyisnotrecognizedasaspecialbranchofscience.

C、Researchisunabletokeepupwiththeincreasingnumbersofplants.

D、Directcontactwithavarietyofplantshasdecreased.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查布理判斷。從文章的整個(gè)第二段，尤其是第一句

“Unfortunately,themoreindustrializedwebecomethefartherawaywemovefrom

directcontactwithplants,andthelessdistinctourknowledgeofbotanygrows0（遺憾

的是，工業(yè)化程度越高，人類與植物直接的接觸就越少，我們關(guān)于植物學(xué)的知識(shí)就

越不清楚。廠推斷出，因?yàn)槿祟惻c植物直接的接觸減少，所以對植物學(xué)的常識(shí)也就

消失了。

44、Inline15ofparagraph2,whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioning"arose,an

apple,oranorchid"?

A、Tomakethepassagemorepoetic.

B、Tociteexamplesofplantsthatareattractive.

C^Togivebotanicalexamplesthatallreaderswillrecognize.

D、Toillustratethediversityofbotanicallife.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查細(xì)節(jié)。這幾個(gè)詞所在的句子的意思是：然而大家都無意中發(fā)

現(xiàn)了大量的植物學(xué)方面的知識(shí)，而且很少有人會(huì)不認(rèn)識(shí)玫瑰花，蘋果或蘭花。后半

句其實(shí)就是說很少有人會(huì)不認(rèn)識(shí)常見的植物。所以，本題止確答案應(yīng)是C。

45、Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthefirstgreatsteptowardthepracticeof

agriculture?

A、Theinventionofagriculturalimplementsandmachinery.

B>Thedevelopmentofasystemofnamesforplants.

C>Thediscoveryofgrassesthatcouldbeharvestedandreplanted.

D^Thechangingdietsofearlyhumans.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查細(xì)節(jié)。由文章的第二段第三、四兩句話“WhenourNeolithic

ancestors...discoveredthatcertaingrassescouldbeharvestedandtheirseedsplantedfor

richeryieldsthenextseason,thefirstgreatstepinanewassociationofplantsand

humanswastaken.”可知耕種莊稼即實(shí)施農(nóng)業(yè)的第一步就是發(fā)現(xiàn)了某種可以收獲和

移植的草。所以本題的正確答案是C。

Inertialguidanceisthenamegiventothosetypesofsystemswhichguideandkeeptrack

ofthelocationofvehicleswhicharcfreetomoveinthreedimensions.Vehicleswhich

moveonlyonaplanesurface,suchasshipsorautomobiles,requireonlyanaccurate

compass,sextant,andclocktokeeptrackoftheirpresentposition.Whenavehiclecan

travelupordownaswellasnorthoreast,itismuchmoredifficulttofixitsposition.An

inertialplatformisusedininertialguidancetomeasurevehiclealtitudeandacceleration

whicharethenintegratedtoprovidepositionandvelocity.Theinertialplatformconsists

ofthreegyroscopesandthreeaccelerometersmountedintheinnergimbalofthefour

gimbalplatform.Thepurposeoftheinertialplatformistoallowthevehicletomovein

anydirectionabouttheinnergimbalcontainingthegyrosandaccelerometers,without

disturbingorturningthemfromtheiroriginalorientation.Thusthegyrosand

accelerometersdonotmmwhenthevehicleturnssotheysensealtitudeandacceleration

wilhrespecttotheiroriginalinertialreferenceframe.Iftheaccelerationisalwaysknown

withrespecttothisoriginalinertialreferenceframe,itcanbeintegratedtoprovide

velocityandthenintegratedagaintoprovidedistance.Thusthedistanceandvelocityof

thevehiclewithrespecttoitsstartingpointareknown.Inertialguidancesystemsareused

todayinairplanes,submarines,andspacecraft.Theydisplayforthepilothispitch,roll

andyawangles,hisheading,hisspeed,andhislatitudeandlongitude.Thesearcvery

imporlantitemstohavereadilyavailable,whetheroneisinahighspeedvehiclewith

verylowvisibilityduetopoorweather,orinaspacecrafttravelinginlunarorbit.The

mainfeaturesofinertialsystemsarethattheyareautomaticanddonotrequireany

externalinformation.Thus,thepilotdoesnothavetofeedinanyinformationexceptthe

originalpositionandaltitude.Inertialsystemsserveaneedonfastmovingvehicles

movinginathreedimensionalplane,wherepositioninformationisrequiredbythepilot

almostconstantly.

46、Itcanbeinterredfromthearticlethataninertialguidancesystemissimilarto

A、agyroscope.

B>ahighspeedvehicle.

C、anavigator.

D^asubmarine.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)。析：本題考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第一句話，可知，慣性制導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)能夠控

制并記錄在三維空間里運(yùn)動(dòng)的運(yùn)載工具的位置，很像導(dǎo)航設(shè)備，所以選項(xiàng)C正

確。選項(xiàng)Agyroscope（陀螺儀）是制導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)的一部分，所以排除；從文中找不到這種

制導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)像高速運(yùn)載工具依據(jù)，所以選項(xiàng)B錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)Dsubmarine（潛水艇）使用

這種制導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)，因此本身不可能類似這種系統(tǒng)，也是錯(cuò)誤的。

47NAccordingtotheselection,thebasicconcernoftheinertialguidancesystemis

A、spaceinthreedimensions.

B、poorvisibilityandmeteorologicalconditions.

C、thealtitudeandpositionofavehicle.

D、spacecraftproductivity.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查塞理判斷。根據(jù)文章的前面幾句話可以概括出本制導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)跟

蹤運(yùn)動(dòng)體的高度和位置，換句話說，它的基本相關(guān)的事情是運(yùn)動(dòng)體的高度和位置，

所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

48、Theinertialplatformismainlyused

A^topreventtheshiporplanefrommovingoffcourse.

B、tosendinformationfromthegroundcontrolunit.

C、tomaintainthespeedoftheshiporplane.

D、topreventachangeinthesystemsorientation.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D:

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查細(xì)節(jié)。由第一段第六句話，“hepurposeoftheinertial

platformistoallowthevehicletomoveinanydirectionabouttheinnergimbal（方向接

頭）containingthegyrosandaccelerometers,withoutdisturbingorturningthemfrom

theiroriginalorientation.”可知這種制導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)的工作臺(tái)的目的就是防止系統(tǒng)改變原

來的方向。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

49Spaceshipsneedaninertialguidancesystem,butautomobilesdonotbecauseof

A^therelativespeedofthevehicles.

B、therelativesizeofthevehicles.

C>therelativecostofthevehicles.

D、theirdifferentmethodsoftravel.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查毒理判斷。從文章所介紹的制導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)的功能和用途可知，它

在一個(gè)立體的范圍內(nèi)制導(dǎo)（即文章中所述的不僅朝南北、東西方向，而且朝上下方

向），而汽車不像宇宙飛船那樣朝上朝下運(yùn)動(dòng)，它只是沿平面運(yùn)動(dòng)。由此可知，汽

車不需要慣性制導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)，是因?yàn)樗鼈兊倪\(yùn)動(dòng)方式不同，故正確答案為D。慣性制

導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)與運(yùn)動(dòng)體速度、大小和成本均無關(guān)，所以選項(xiàng)A,B,C都是錯(cuò)誤的。

50、Themainpurposeofthispassagewas

A、toprovidetraininginformationtonewpilotsandnavigators.

B、tomotivatepeople'sinterestinspacetravel.

C^toexplainhowtouseaninertialguidancesystem.

D、todescribethestructureandimportanceofaninertialguidancesystem.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查主旨。文章的第一段和第二段分別描述了慣性制導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)

構(gòu)和重要性，故選項(xiàng)D的內(nèi)容正是這篇文章的主要目的。文章只是粗略地介紹了

這種系統(tǒng)，不能用作訓(xùn)練新飛行員的材料，所以選項(xiàng)A不正確；選項(xiàng)B和C不切

題。

Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgood

mentodonothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogood

people.DaysafterdaysmymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.

Somethinghasgoneterriblywrungwithouroncc-proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithas

happenedintheareaofvalues.Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhat

itis:accountability.Accountabilityisn'thardtodefine.Itmeansthateverypersonis

responsibleforhisorheractionsandliablefortheirconsequences.Ofthemanyvalues

thatholdcivilizationtogether-honesty,kindness,andsoon-accountabilitymaybethe

mostimportantofall.Wiihoutit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolaw一and,

ultimately,nosociety.Myjobasapoliceofficeristoimposeaccountabilityonpeople

whorefuse,orhaveneverlearned,toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverypoliceman

knows,externalcontrolsonpeople'sbehaviorarefarlesseffectivethaninternalrestraints

suchasguilt,shameandembarrassment.Fortunatelytherearestillcommunities-smaller

towns,usually—whereschoolsmaintaindisciplineandwhereparentsholdupstandards

thatproclaim:"Inthisfamilycertainthingsarenottolerated—theysimplyarenotdone!"

Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargersuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening.

Yourtypicalrobberhasnone.Heconsidersyourproperty;hetakeswhathewants,

includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.Themaincauseofthisbreak-downisaradicalshift

inattitudes.Thirtyyearsago,ifacrimewascommitted,societywasconsideredthe

victim.Now,inashockingreversal,it'sthecriminalwhoisconsideredvictimized:byhis

underprivilegedupbringing,bytheschoolthatdidn'tteachhimtoread,bythechurchthat

failedtoreachhimwithmoralguidance,bytheparentswhodidn'tprovideastablehome.

Idon'tbelieveit.Manyothersinequallydisadvantagedcircumstanceschoosenotto

engageincriminalactivities.Ifwefreethecriminal,evenpartly,fromaccountability,we

becomeasocietyofendlessexcuseswherenooneacceptsresponsibilityforanything.

WeinAmericadesperatelyneedmorepeoplewhobelievethatthepersonwhocommitsa

crimeistheoneresponsibleforit.

51、Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat

A、it'sunnecessaryforgoodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofevil.

B、it'scertainthatevilwillprevailifgoodmendonothingaboutit.

C、it'sonlynaturalfbrvirtuetodefeatevil.

D、it'sdesirablefbrgoodmentokeepawayfromevil.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查準(zhǔn)理判斷。問題中suggest一詞的意思是“使人想到，喑

示文章第一句字面上雖說“Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryfor

thetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonolhing.（聰明人曾經(jīng)說過邪惡之所以猖獗，

是因?yàn)楹萌耸裁炊疾蛔?，所以我要對好人說些急迫的事情。戶但通過閱讀全文進(jìn)一

步理解其深層含義，作者實(shí)事上則暗示：“如果好人對邪惡坐視不管，那它就會(huì)盛

行猖獗（prevail）”。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

52>Accordingtotheauthor,ifapersonisfoundguiltyofacrime,

A、societyistobeheldresponsible.

B、modemcivilizationisresponsibleforit.

C、thecriminalhimselfshouldbeartheblame.

D、thestandardsoflivingshouldbeimproved.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查塞理判斷。在文章的倒數(shù)笫二段中作者講，二十年前，一個(gè)

人犯了罪，社會(huì)是受害者；而現(xiàn)在，令人震驚的是.罪犯反而成了受害者，社會(huì)倒

成了罪魁。下一段里，作者聲明他不能茍同。最后一段作者進(jìn)一步說：utheperson

whocommitsacrimeistheoneresponsibleforit”所以選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。選項(xiàng)A，

B都不是作者的觀點(diǎn)，選項(xiàng)D文章中未提到。

53、Comparedwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecitieshave

A^lessself-discipline.

B、bettersenseofdiscipline.

C、moremutualrespect.

D、lesseffectivegovernment.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A'

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查細(xì)節(jié)。我們可以直接找到它在文章中的位置。文章的第七段

第一句說：44Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargecitiesandsuburbs,theseinner

restraintsareloosening.（大城市里面人對自己的約束越來越松）“，而選項(xiàng)A與原文

吻合。

54、Thewriterissorrytohavenoticedthat

A、peopleinlargecitiestendtoexcusecriminals.

B、peopleinsmalltownsstillsticktoolddisciplineardstandards.

C、today'ssocietylackssympathyfbrpeopleindifficulty.

D、peopleindisadvantagedcircumstancesareengagedincriminalactivities.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查推理判斷。文章的倒數(shù)第三段說：現(xiàn)在的情景和以前相比完

全顛倒了：罪犯被認(rèn)為是受害者，人們找各種各樣的借口原諒罪犯：缺乏被撫養(yǎng)的

權(quán)利，學(xué)校沒有教他學(xué)習(xí)，教堂沒有給他道德上的指導(dǎo)，父母沒有提供穩(wěn)定的家

庭。這些都表明人們在為罪犯辯解，所以選項(xiàng)A為正確答案。

55、Thekeypointofthepassageisthat

A、stricterdisciplineshouldbemaintainedinschoolsandfamilies.

B、moregoodexamplesshouldbesetfbrpeopletofollow.

C^morerestrictionsshouldbeimposedonpeople'sbehavior.

D、morepeopleshouldacceptthevalueofaccountability.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查主旨。本題詢問的是文章的重點(diǎn)(keypoint)。文章第二段最

后一句表明:“Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhatitis：

accountability.(一個(gè)重要的因素正在消失，我知道這就是：責(zé)任)第四段"Ofthe

manyvaluesthatholdcivilizationtogether-honesty,kindness,andsoon一

accountabilitymaybethemostimportantofall.Withoutit,therecanbenorespect,

notrust,nolaw一and,ultimately,nosociety,(在許多使文明成為一個(gè)整體的價(jià)值

觀一誠實(shí)、仁慈等等當(dāng)中，責(zé)任是最重要的。沒有它，就不會(huì)有尊重、不會(huì)有信

任、不會(huì)有法律，而且，最主要的是沒有社會(huì)廣。還有最后兩段，作者都在闡述一

個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：人們應(yīng)該接受責(zé)任這一價(jià)值觀。選項(xiàng)D正確。

IadmitIamacompletefoolaboutcals,who,forsomereasonIdon'tunderstand,failto

returnmyadmiration.IwillwaitminutesforcarstopasssothatIcancrosstheroadto

addressablackandwhitecatateaseinsunshineonalowwall,eithertowatchthetipof

afrightenedtaildisappearunderaneighboringgateortobemetwiththemostviolentcat

cursesor,whilemyhandmovesgentlyoverthesmoothshiningfur,tobebittenor

scratchedorattackedinbothwaysatthesametime.Itmakesnodifference:Icontinue

myjourneywithmyrespectincreased.Afterall,thewisestmenofoneoftheoldest

civilizationsworshippedthenoblecatsowhyshouldIbeashamedoffollowingtheir

example?Ihavesometimesstayedlongenoughinoneplaceioheownedbyacatandit

isonthoseoccasionsthatIatlastfeelsympathywithparentswhocannotcontroltheir

children.Ihavethefirmestbeliefindiscipline,especiallyforthecatwhoadoptsmeand

iskindenoughtoallowmetoshareherhomeandprovideherwithfood.Shewillhavea

comfortablebasketandnotsitonanyfurniture;shewillcomewhencalledorhaveno

supper;andshewillatalltimesbehavetowardsmewiththerespectIshowtowardsher.

Andthenwhathappens?Sherefuseseventoconsiderthebasket,and,assoonasmyback

isturned,settlesonmyfavoritechair,daringmetomoveheronmyreturn.Atsome

unexpectedmomentafterIhavesatdown,shespringssuddenlyontomykneesand

delightedlyruinsmystockingswithherclaws,complainingangrily,evenpainfullyv/ith

thesharpestofteeth,ifIbenddowntopicksomethingup.Idarenotrisetochangethe

televisionprogram,howevermuchIdislikeit,andshewatchesdreamilythemoving

shadowsonthescreen.Shecomesnottomycall,butwhensheisready,hourslater,andI

amsorelievedtoseeherthathersupperisincreasedinamount.Whenputoutatnight

(withfiercedisapproval)shewaitstillIamasleepandihencriesnoisilyatmybedroom

tocomein.Anhourlatershecriesevenmorenoisilyatthebedroomdoortobeletout

again.IfIgoawayonholiday,aneighborfeedsher,whoreportsonmyreturnonher

sweetness,herobedienceandperfectbehavior.Iamtheonlyonethatshedelightsin

defying.Dogsarepleasantanimals,friendly,faithfulandintelligent.Dogshaveproper

respectforthehumanrace.Youknowwhereyouarcwithadog;neverwithacat,who

willbeselfish,vain,ungratefulandquiteunreasonable.Butthat'sjustit.Whowantsto

knowwhereheiswithanylivingthing?Itisthefree,thestrangecreatureofgraceand

beauty,theindependentandunknown,thatattracts,nottheworthy,respectful,

dependableslave.

56、Whatisthewriter'sfeelingfbrcats?

A、Shegivesthemunreturnedworship.

B>Theyareacombinationofannoyanceandintenseadmiration.

C>Sheisquitefondofthem.

D^Sheisashamedofbeingtheirslave.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查推理判斷。在文章最后一段話中，作者認(rèn)為貓之所以吸引她

正是因?yàn)樨埶赜械淖侥げ欢?、自由自在的天性以及它那與生俱來的高傲與美麗。

因此可知，作者對貓是喜愛的。但在第二段作者用大量筆墨描寫了貓的不馴服與狡

猾、表現(xiàn)出她對貓的“亦愛亦恨、無可奈何”的復(fù)雜感情，就象“父母對淘氣的孩子”

一樣“無所適從”。由此可知，作者對貓的感情不是單純的喜歡與否，而是在喜歡它

的同時(shí)又夾雜著一些無奈與懊惱，即選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。

57>Whatconditionsdoesthewritermakewhenshegivesacatahome?

A、Sheexpectsthecattoobeyher.

B、Thecatmustobserveafewnecessaryrules.

C>Thecatmustacceptthewriter'sauthority.

D、Thecatwillstayonlyifshebehavesherself.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題考查對細(xì)節(jié)。作者在第二段的第二句話中"havethefirmestbelief

indiscipline,especiallyforthecatwhoadoptsme”強(qiáng)調(diào)了紀(jì)律的重要性，表明作者布

望貓能在一定程度上按照她的命令行動(dòng)。所以該題的答案應(yīng)選擇B。

58、Oneexampleofthecat'srefusaltodoassheistoldis

A、herdislikeofherbasket.

B、herattacksonthewriter'sclothes.

C>herattac