2022年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(全國甲卷)英語試題含答案

絕密★啟用前2022年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(全國甲卷)英語注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A．Havebreakfast.B．Takeawalk.C．Callhisoffice.[答案]B2．WhatwasGeorgedoinglastnight?A．Havingameeting.B．Flyinghome.C．Workingonaproject.[答案]C3．Whydoesthemansuggestgoingtothepark?A．It'sbig.B．It'squiet.C．It'snew.[答案]B4．Howdoesthewomansound?A．Annoyed.B．Pleased.C．Puzzled.[答案]A5．Whereistheman'stable?A．Nearthedoor.B．Bythewindow.C．Inthecorner.[答案]C第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotonight?A．Eatout.B．Goshopping.C．Dosports.[答案]A7．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Bossandsecretary.B．Hostessandguest.C．Husbandandwife.[答案]C聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8．WhydoesthewomanthinkJulyisthebesttimetomove?A．Theirbusinessisslow.B．Theweatherisfavorable.C．It'seasytohirepeople.[答案]A9．Howwilltheyhandlethemoving?A．Finishitallatonce.B．Havethesalessectiongofirst.C．Doonedepartmentatatime.[答案]C聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10．WhatdidPeterlearnfromhisgrandfather?A．Howtoappreciateartworks.B．Howtodealwithartists.C．Howtorunamuseum.[答案]A11．WhatdidPeterdoinChicago?A．Hestudiedatacollege.B．Heservedinthearmy.C．Heworkedinagallery.[答案]A12．WhoseworksdidPeterlikebest?A．Rembrandt's.B．Botticelli's.C．Rubens'.[答案]C聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Atalibrary.B．Inalawfirm.C．Onatrain.[答案]C14．BywhattimedidJohnplantofinishhistermpaper?A．March.B．August.C．October.[答案]B15．WhydidJohnquithispart-timejob?A．Hehadtocatchupwithhisstudy.B．Hewasofferedabetterone.C．Hegottiredofit.[答案]A16．WhatisSusan'sattitudetoJohn'sproblem?A．Carefree.B．Understanding.C．Forgiving.[答案]B聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatdidthespeakerdobeforetheyear2012?A．Afitnesscoach.B．Achessplayer.C．Amarathonrunner.[答案]B18．Whywasthe2016Olympicsimportantforthespeaker?A．HewasmotivatedbyBolt.B．Hebrokeaworldrecord.C．Hewonfifthplace.[答案]C19．Whichisthehardestforthespeaker?A．Gettingoveraninjury.B．Doingstrengthtraining.C．RepresentingBotswana.[答案]A20．Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A．Hisplantogoforthegold.B．Hisexperienceonthetrack.C．Hisloveforhishomecountry.[答案]B聽力錄音材料Text1M：Jenny,youcanjustdropmehere.W：Butwe'retwostreetsawayfromtheoffice.M：It'sfine.Ihadabigbreakfastandfeellikeabitofwalk.Text2W：Hello,George.Youlooktired.Didn'tsleepwelllastnight?M：No,notatall.Ihadtoworkflatouttomeettheprojectdeadline.NowI'mreallyfeelingabitrun-down.Text3W：John,can'twegosomeplaceandtalk？It'ssonoisyinhere.M：Well,there'sasmallparkacrossthestreet.It'susuallynotcrowdedatthistimeofday.Text4W：We'vegottodosomethingabouttheneighbor'sdog.M：Why？Hashebeenintoyourflowergardenagain?W：Theflowergarden,thegarbagecan,andyesterdayhestarteddiggingholesintheyard.Text5M：Hello,wehaveareservationinthenameofMr.Jones.Isthereanytablebythewindow?W：Sorry,we'vegotthiscornertableforyou.It'squiethere,notclosetothedoor.Text6W：Dave,don'tforgetweareinvitedouttodinnertonight.M：Ohyeah!Ialmostforgot!Whattime?W：7：30.Weshouldleavethehouseby6：30.Youknowhowbadthetrafficisthattimeofnight.M：It'sinformal,isn'tit?W：Yeah.Youcanwearyournewsportsjacket,theoneIgotyouasananniversarygift.M：OK.Well,I'vegottogo.I'lltrytogethomealittleearliertoday.W：Good.Text7M：Weneedtodecideexactlywhenwe'regoingtomove.Anysuggestions?W：IthinkJulywouldbethebesttime.Oursalesarealwaysdownthatmonth.Wecouldmovealltheofficeequipmentataweekend—doeverythingatonce.M：Ithinkaweekendistooshort.Maybeweshoulddoitdepartmentbydepartment.W：Whatdoyoumean?M：Well,eachweekadifferentdepartmentwouldmove.Thatway,therewouldalwaysbepeopleheretohandlecustomerinquiries,phonecallsandsoon.W：Hmm,that'sagoodidea.Text8W：So,Mr.PeterSelz,I'dbecurioustoknowwhatweretheearlyconnectionsinyourlifethatledyouintotheartfield.M：MygrandfatherwasanartdealerinMunich.TheyhadagreatmuseuminMunich.Hetookmetothemuseum,andIrespondedverystronglytowhatIsawonthewallsthere.Ilearnedaboutartfromhim.Ilearnedaboutlookingatartfromhim.Ithinkthat'swhatreallygotmestarted.Thenmanyyearslater,afterIgotoutofthearmy,IwenttostudyarthistoryattheUniversityofChicago.W：Tellusmoreaboutyourexperiencesoflookingatartwithyourgrandfather.M：Well,welookedatthefamouspaintingsbythegreatartistslikeRembrandt,BotticelliandAlbrechtDürer.Rubens'paintingsweremyfavorites.Yes,Irememberthesethings!ThiswaswhenIwasbetweentenandfifteen.WhenIwasfourteen,IwassoanxioustoseemoreartthatafriendofmineandIbicycledacrosstheAlpstoseeVenus.Thatwasabigadventure.Text9W：Hi,John.Haven'tseenyouforages!M：Hi,Susan.Fancymeetingyouhereonthetrain.W：Howisyourcollegelife?M：WhatcanIsay？I'vesurvived.W：Whathappened?M：Well,earlylastMarch,Istarteddoingapart-timejobinalawfirm.Afewweeksbefore,Ihadstartedwritingmytermpaper.IthoughtIcouldfinishitbyAugust.W：Thatwasaprettygoodidea，tryingtohavesomeworkexperience.M：Forthefirstthreeweeks,youknow,Itried.Igotupearlyandworkedforanhouronmypaperbeforegoingtowork.Butworkwassofun.Imettonsofnewpeople,andsoonIcouldn'tfindevenaminuteformypaper.SoIhadtoquitmypart-timejob,andfinallyfinishedmypaperinOctober.W：Well,it'snevertoolatetomend.It'skindofhardtofindabalancebetweenwhatyouhavetodoandwhatyouwanttodo.M：Yeah,it'sreallyimportantformetobalancestudyandwork.AndIthinkIshouldlearntoexercisesomeself-control.Text10M：Beinganathleteisveryfun,painfulandexciting.EverytimeIcometothetrack,IfeellikeI'moutofthisplace.ThisisBotswanaNationalStadium.ThisiswhereItrain.WhenIsawUsainBoltrunningin2012LondonOlympics,Iwasamazed.Justwatchinghimrungotmemotivated.Iquitbeingachessplayerandstartedtorun.Iwenttothe2016Olympicsandwenttothefinalsattheageof18.And,wow,Ifinishedfifth!Itwasadreamcometruetome,butIstillwantedmore.Thetrainingissuperhard,butthehardestpartformeisthatIgotaninjury，aninjurywhichmaytakemeoutforyears.Foraperiodoftime,asayoungathlete,Ididn'tknowwhattodo.Ilostfocus.ButnowI'mbackonthetrack.IreallywanttobethereattheOlympicsanddowhatIdidbefore—domuch,muchgreater.Idon'tcareaboutthegold.Idon'tcareaboutthesilver.Iwanttodomybest,youknow,takeeverythingandshowittotheworld.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATheatresandEntertainmentStDavid'sHallStDavid'sHallistheaward-winningNationalConcertHallofWalesstandingattheveryheartofCardiff'sentertainmentcentre.Withanimpressive2，000-seatconcerthall，StDavid'sHallishometotheannualWelshPromsCardiff.Itpresentsliveentertainment，includingpop，rock，folk，jazz，musicals，dance，worldmusic，filmsandclassicalmusic.TheHayes，CardiffCF101AHwww.stdavidshallcardiff.co.ukTheGleeClubEveryweekendthisis“Wales”premiercomedyclubwherehavingagreattimeistheorderforbothaudiencesandcomedystarsalike.Itishardtonameacomedystarwhohasn'tbeenonthestagehere.Ifyouarelookingforthebestcomediesontourandbrilliantlivemusic，youshouldstarthere.MermaidQuay，CardiffBay，CardiffCF105BZwww.glee.co.uk/cardiffShermanCymruShermanCymru'stheatreintheCathaysareaofCardiffreopenedinFebruary2012.Thisspecialbuildingisaplaceinwhichtheatreismadeandwherechildren，artists，writersandanyoneelsehavetheopportunity(機會)todocreativethings.ShermanCymruisexcitedtopresentapackedprogrammeoftheverybesttheatre，dance，familyshowsandmusicfromWalesandtherestoftheworld.SenghennyddRoad，CardiffCF244YEwww.shermancymru.co.ukNewTheatreTheNewTheatrehasbeenthehomeofqualitydrama，musicals，danceandchildren'sshowsformorethan100years.PresentingthebestoftheWestEndalongwiththepickoftheUK'stouringshows，theNewTheatreisCardiff'soldestsurvivingtraditionaltheatre.Besuretopayavisitaspartofyourstayinthecity.ParkPlace，CardiffCF103LNwww.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了英國加的夫市四家藝術(shù)劇院。21．WhereistheWelshPromsCardiffhosted?A．AttheNewTheatre.B．AttheGleeClub.C．AtShermanCymru.D．AtStDavid'sHall.D[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)StDavid'sHall部分中的“Withanimpressive2，000-seatconcerthall,StDavid'sHallishometotheannualWelshPromsCardiff.”可知，舉辦WelshPromsCardiff的地方是StDavid'sHall。故選D。]22．WhatcanpeopledoattheGleeClub?A．Watchmusicals.B．Enjoycomedies.C．Seefamilyshows.D．Docreativethings.B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheGleeClub部分中的“Ifyouarelookingforthebestcomediesontourandbrilliantlivemusic,youshouldstarthere.”可知，觀眾可以在theGleeClub欣賞喜劇表演。故選B。]23．WhichwebsitecanyouvisittolearnaboutCardiff'soldestsurvivingtheatre?A．www.newtheatrecardiff.co.ukB．www.shermancymru.co.ukC．www.glee.co.uk/cardiffD．www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.ukA[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NewTheatre部分中的“Cardiff'soldestsurvivingtraditionaltheatre”可知，網(wǎng)站www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk提供有關(guān)加的夫現(xiàn)存的最古老的劇院的信息。故選A。]BGoffin'scockatoos，akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia，havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild，thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment，cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometricshape，andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.Inhumans，babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage，butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(對稱的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan“allocentricframeofreference”．Intheexperiment，Goffin'scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob，inmostcases，byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused，thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin'scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace，similartotwo-year-oldbabies.Thenextstep，accordingtotheresearchers，istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(線索)，oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。實驗表明，一種生長于澳大拉西亞的鳳頭鸚鵡擅長識別物體的形狀。24．Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?A．Byfollowinginstructions.B．Byusingatool.C．Byturningtheboxaround.D．Byremovingthelid.B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“...thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.”可知，戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡能拿到盒子里的堅果是因為它們使用了工具。故選B。]25．Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?A．Usingakeytounlockadoor.B．Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.C．Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D．Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.C[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage...”可知，人類幼兒在一歲時能做到將一個圓形物體放進圓孔中。C項為原文的同義改寫，故選C。]26．Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?A．Howfartheyareabletosee.B．Howtheytrackmovingobjects.C．Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D．Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.D[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，研究人員下一步將嘗試并設(shè)法弄明白鳳頭鸚鵡究竟是只能依靠視覺線索還是也可以利用觸覺來選擇形狀。故選D。]27．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Cockatoos：QuickErrorCheckersB．Cockatoos：IndependentLearnersC．Cockatoos：CleverSignal-ReadersD．Cockatoos：SkilfulShape-SortersD[標題歸納題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是文章第一段中的“Goffin'scockatoos...havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.”可推知，本文主要介紹了鳳頭鸚鵡能識別形狀這一研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。D項“鳳頭鸚鵡：熟練的形狀分類者”最適合作為本文的標題，故選D。]CAsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica，shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoopenguins(企鵝)longingtosayhello.Thesegentle，lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.Eversinceherchildhood，Ginni，now71，hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouthercareer(職業(yè))asaprofessionaldancer，shetouredintheUK，butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest，shedecideditwastimetotake_the_plunge．AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts，Ginnibegantotraveltheworld，eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego，thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.“IjustdecidedIwantedtogo，”shesays.“IhadnoideaaboutwhatI'dfindthereandIwasn'tnervous.Ijustwantedtodoit.AndIwantedtodoitaloneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”InMarch2008，Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe'dnevermetbefore，tobeginthejourneytowardsAntarctica.“Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises，thewholeexperiencewasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas，”Ginnisays.“IrememberthefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale；itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureandIthoughtitwassmilingatus.Youcouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingunderwater.”Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland，toberespectedbyhumans，wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。71歲的GinniBazlinton從小喜歡旅游，她在自己退休并且兒子們獨立發(fā)展后，去南極洲探索。這段難忘的經(jīng)歷讓她意識到人類應(yīng)該尊重自然和保護自然。28．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“taketheplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Trychallengingthings.B．Takeadegree.C．Bringbacklostmemories.D．Sticktoapromise.A[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分所在句的上句中的“butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther”可知，GinniBazlinton一直渴望探索更遠的地方，這說明她想嘗試有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情。故選A。]29．WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?A．Lovelypenguins.B．Beautifulscenery.C．Adiscountfare.D．Afriend'sinvitation.C[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego...‘IjustdecidedIwantedtogo，’shesays.”可知，她決定要去南極洲是因為在智利，她發(fā)現(xiàn)了她能買到駛往南極洲的最后一刻的低價船票。故選C。]30．WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejourney?A．Itcouldbeahomeforher.B．Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.C．Itshouldbewellpreserved.D．Itneedstobefullyintroduced.C[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容“Therealization...hometoGinni.”可知，Ginni意識到這片珍貴的土地應(yīng)該被人類尊重和保護，即認為南極洲應(yīng)該得到很好的保護。故選C。]31．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Achildhooddream.B．Anunforgettableexperience.C．Sailingaroundtheworld.D．MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.B[主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的最后一句“Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherandkick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.”可知，南極洲之旅是Ginni永不會忘記的旅途。故選B。]DSometimeintheearly1960s，asignificantthinghappenedinSydney，Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.Then，oneafteranother，Sydneydiscoveredlotsofthingsthatwerejustsortofthere—broadparks，superbbeaches，andaculturallydiversepopulation.Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.AndrewReynolds，acheerfulfellowinhisearly30s，pilotsSydneyferryboatsforaliving.Ispentthewholemorningshuttlingbackandforthacrosstheharbor.AfterourthirdrunAndrewshutdowntheengine，andwewentourseparateways—heforalunchbreak，Itoexplorethecity.“I'llmisstheseoldboats，”hesaidasweparted.“Howdoyoumean？”Iasked.“Oh，they'rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster，butthey'renotsoelegant，andthey'renotfuntopilot.Butthat'sprogress，Iguess.”EverywhereinSydneythesedays，changeandprogressarethewatchwords(口號)，andtraditionsareincreasinglyrare.ShirleyFitzgerald，thecity'sofficialhistorian，toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s，Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast，includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.“Sydneyisconfusedaboutitself，”shesaid.“Wecan'tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwewantamoderncityoratraditionalone.It'saconflictthatwearen'tgettinganybetteratresolving(解決)．”O(jiān)ntheotherhand，beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.IconsideredthiswhenImetathoughtfulyoungbusinessmannamedAnthony.“Manypeoplesaythatwelackcultureinthiscountry，”hetoldme.“WhatpeopleforgetisthattheItalians，whentheycametoAustralia，brought2000yearsoftheirculture，theGreekssome3000years，andtheChinesemorestill.We'vegotafoundationbuiltonancientculturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountry.It'saprettyhardcombinationtobeat.”Heisright，butIcan'thelpwishingtheywouldkeepthoseoldferries.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。悉尼作為一座海港城市，發(fā)生著日新月異的變化，這對傳統(tǒng)形成沖擊。一些傳統(tǒng)事物正逐漸被新興事物所取代。32．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Sydney'sstrikingarchitecture.B．TheculturaldiversityofSydney.C．ThekeytoSydney'sdevelopment.D．Sydney'stouristattractionsinthe1960s.C[主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的前兩句“Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificantthinghappenedinSydney,Australia.Thecitydiscovereditsharbor.”以及最后一句“Butitistheharborthatmakesthecity.”可知，正是海港造就了悉尼。因此本段主要講述的是海港是悉尼發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。故選C。]33．WhatcanwelearnaboutAndrewReynolds?A．Hegoestoworkbyboat.B．Helooksforwardtoanewlife.C．Hepilotscatamaranswell.D．Heisattachedtotheoldferries.D[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“I'llmisstheseoldboats”以及第五段“Oh,they'rereplacingthemwithcatamarans.Catamaransarefaster,butthey'renotsoelegant,andthey'renotfuntopilot.”可知，AndrewReynolds并不希望渡船被雙體船取代，所以可推知AndrewReynolds喜歡老式渡船。故選D。]34．WhatdoesShirleyFitzgeraldthinkofSydney?A．Itislosingitstraditions.B．Itshouldspeedupitsprogress.C．Itshouldexpanditspopulation.D．Itisbecomingmoreinternational.A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段第一句“EverywhereinSydneythesedays,changeandprogressarethewatchwords,andtraditionsareincreasinglyrare.”以及“...toldmethatinitsrushtomodernityinthe1970s,Sydneysweptasidemuchofitspast,includingmanyofitsfinestbuildings.”可知，ShirleyFitzgerald認為悉尼匆忙奔向現(xiàn)代化，使得它正在失去原本的傳統(tǒng)。故選A。]35．Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A．Acitycanbeyoungandoldatthesametime.B．Acitybuiltonancientculturesismoredynamic.C．Modernityisusuallyachievedatthecostofelegance.D．Compromiseshouldbemadebetweenthelocalandtheforeign.A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的第一句“Ontheotherhand,beingyoungandoldatthesametimehasitsattractions.”可知，一座兼具新舊的城市有其魅力。再結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段中的“We'vegotafoundation...tobeat.”和最后一段中的“Heisright”可推斷出，作者贊同Anthony的觀點，認為一座城市可以同時既年輕又古老。故選A。]第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ImportantThingstoKnowWhenDiningOutCulturaldiningetiquette(禮節(jié))mightsurpriseyouwithsomeofitsimportantrules.__36__.Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.ChopstickRulesThewayyouhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourcompanions.Whenyouputthemdownbetweenbites，alwaysputthemdowntogethersotheyareparallelwiththeedgeofthetableinfrontofyou.__37__．HandsorUtensils(餐具)InIndiaandtheMiddleEast，it'sconsideredveryrudetoeatwithyourlefthand.PeopleinFranceexpectyoutoeatwithautensilineachhand.__38__，insteadpreferringtousetheirhands.InChile，youmaynevertouchanyfoodwithyourfingers.PeopleinThailandgenerallyusetheirforksonlytopushfoodontotheirspoons.MakingRequests__39__．InPortugal，thiswouldbeaseriousmistake，becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon'tliketheirseasoningskills.Similarly，inItaly，neveraskforextracheesetoaddtoyourfood.Someoftheseculturaldiningetiquetterulesmayseemrandomandstrange，buttheyareimportantinvariouscountries.__40__，themorecomfortableyou'llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices.A．ThemorefriendsyoumakeinyourlifetimeB．ThemoretimeyouspendinanygivencountryC．MexicansconsideritinappropriatetoeatwithutensilsD．Don'tgetcaughtmakinganembarrassingmistakeatarestaurantE．It'sagoodsignforthechefifyoumakeamessaroundyourplateF．NeverstickthemuprightinyourfoodorcrossthemasyouusethemG．Itmayseemlikeasimplerequesttoaskforsaltandpepperatameal【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了外出就餐時需要注意的一些重要的就餐禮節(jié)，并強調(diào)不同的國家有不同的就餐禮節(jié)。36．D[分析上下文語境可知，空處起承上啟下的作用?？涨疤岬健?不同)文化背景下的就餐禮節(jié)中的一些重要規(guī)則可能會讓你感到驚訝”，空后提到“了解一些技巧將有助于確保你和朋友或家人愉快地用餐——無論你在世界的哪個地方”。分析選項可知，D項“不要被(人)發(fā)現(xiàn)在餐館(用餐時)犯尷尬的錯誤”符合此處的語境，并能起到承上啟下的作用。故選D項。]37．F[根據(jù)本段小標題和上下文內(nèi)容可知，空處也應(yīng)是關(guān)于使用筷子的規(guī)則。F項“當你使用它們時，切勿將它們直立于你的食物中或把它們交叉(放置)”符合此處的語境，且選項中的them指代的是筷子(chopsticks)，與小標題和前文內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)。故選F項。]38．C[根據(jù)本段小標題和上下文內(nèi)容可知，空處應(yīng)是以某個國家為例，介紹使用手或餐具來就餐的某條重要規(guī)則；再根據(jù)下文中的instead可知，空處內(nèi)容應(yīng)與后半句內(nèi)容形成對比。根據(jù)后半句“(他們)反而更喜歡用他們的手”并分析選項可知，C項“墨西哥人認為用餐具吃飯是不合適的”符合此處的語境。故選C項。]39．G[根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“InPortugal,thiswouldbeaseriousmistake,becauseitshowsthechefthatyoudon'tliketheirseasoningskills.”和本段小標題可知，空處應(yīng)是提及一個用餐時的請求，再結(jié)合because后的原因“因為這是在向廚師表明你不喜歡他們的調(diào)味技術(shù)”可知，G項“吃飯時要鹽和胡椒粉看似是一個簡單的請求”符合此處的語境。故選G項。]40．B[根據(jù)下文中的“themorecomfortableyou'llbegintofeelwithitsforeignculturalpractices”可知，空處也應(yīng)是“the＋比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，且根據(jù)下文句意“你就會開始對它的異國文化習俗變得越來越得心應(yīng)手”可知，B項“你在任何一個特定的國家待的時間越長”符合此處的語境。故選B項。]第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Youcantellalotaboutamanbyhowhetreatshisdogs.Formanyyears，Ienjoyedlivingwithmydogs，TillyandChance.Their__41__wasnearlyenoughtokeepmylonelinessatbay.Nearly.Lastyear，Istarteddating，butwith__42__．WhenIfirstdatedSteve，I__43__hehadadog，Molly，andacat，F(xiàn)lora.WhileIwas__44__thathewasananimallover，I__45__thatthreedogswereperhapstoomany，andmydogsmightattack__46__，thecat.Thenextweekwe__47__ourdogstogether.Itwasahotday.Whenwepausedtocatchour__48__，Stevegotdownononeknee.Washeproposing(求婚)？Ilikedhimtoo，butso__49__？Hepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs.__50__，Ibegantofallforhim.We__51__todate，thoughneitherofusbroughtupthefuture.AndtheninlateNovember，Tillyhadanoperationonher__52__．Itookthedogsoutfourtimesaday，andIworriedthatTilly__53__climbingthestairscouldreopenthewound.ThenSteve__54__hishouse.Allworked__55__．Thethreedogsformedapackthat，withcoaching，__56__Flora'sspace；SteveandIformedagoodteam__57__forTilly.Wemadegoodhousemates.Ayearlater，muchtomy__58__，thismanproducedalittleboxwitharingandproposedtome.Hedidnotkneel(跪)down，nordidI__59__himto.That'sonlyforgiving__60__tothedogsthatbroughtustogether.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者與男友通過寵物相識、相知、相愛的過程。41．A．ownership B．membershipC．companionship D．leadershipC[考查名詞。根據(jù)空后的“wasnearlyenoughtokeepmylonelinessatbay”可知，此處是指(與)它們的友誼幾乎足以使“我”不孤獨。ownership意為“所有權(quán)；產(chǎn)權(quán)；物主身份”；membership意為“會員資格；成員資格”；companionship意為“友情；交誼；友誼”；leadership意為“領(lǐng)導地位”。故選C。]42．A．reservations B．expectationsC．confidence D．prejudiceA[考查名詞。根據(jù)語境可知，盡管作者去約會了，但是她對于能否遇到志同道合的人心存疑慮。reservation意為“保留意見；疑惑”；expectation意為“預料；期望”；confidence意為“自信”；prejudice意為“偏見”。故選A。]43．A．feared B．doubtedC．hoped D．learnedD[考查動詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處是指作者在第一次約會時得知Steve養(yǎng)了寵物。fear意為“害怕”；doubt意為“懷疑”；hope意為“希望”；learn意為“得知”。故選D。]44．A．unsatisfied B．a(chǎn)musedC．terrified D．thrilledD[考查形容詞。根據(jù)上文可知，作者養(yǎng)了兩條狗，并很享受與它們的友誼；根據(jù)下文中的“hewasananimallover”可知，Steve也是動物愛好人士。二人志趣相投，所以此處是指作者欣喜若狂。unsatisfied意為“未處理的；未解決的；未滿足的”；amused意為“逗樂的；覺得好笑的”；terrified意為“恐懼的；很害怕的”；thrilled意為“極為激動的；欣喜若狂的”。故選D。]45．A．predicted B．worriedC．regretted D．insistedB[考查動詞。由下文的“threedogswereperhapstoomany，andmydogsmightattack______，thecat”可知，作者擔心三條狗可能太多，而且自己的狗可能會攻擊Steve的貓。predict意為“預言”；worry意為“擔心”；regret意為“感到遺憾；惋惜”；insist意為“堅持”。故選B。]46．A．Flora B．ChanceC．Molly D．TillyA[考查名詞。根據(jù)上文中的“hehadadog,Molly,andacat,Flora”可知，Steve的貓的名字是Flora。故選A。]47．A．tied B．walkedC．bathed D．fedB[考查動詞。根據(jù)語境及空后的“ourdogs”可知，此處是指二人一起遛狗。walkdogs意為“遛狗”，故選B。]48．A．breath B．balanceC．a(chǎn)ttention D．imaginationA[考查名詞。根據(jù)上文中的“Itwasahotday.”及常識可知，二人一起去遛狗的那天天氣炎熱，因此此處是指停下來“喘口氣(catchone'sbreath)”。breath意為“呼吸的空氣”；balance意為“平衡”；attention意為“注意”；imagination意為“想象力”。故選A。]49．A．calm B．sureC．soon D．realC[考查形容詞/副詞。根據(jù)上文中的“Thenextweekwe______ourdogstogether.”可知，這一次遛狗距離兩人第一次約會僅過去一周，因此當作者以為Steve要向自己求婚時，當然會感覺雙方進展過快。calm意為“鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的”；sure意為“確信；確知”；soon意為“很快；馬上；不久”；real意為“真實的”。故選C。]50．A．Bytheway B．InthatcaseC．Byallmeans D．InthatmomentD[考查介詞短語。根據(jù)上文中的“Hepouredwaterfromabottleintohishandandofferedittomydogs.”可知，Steve單膝跪地并非要求婚，而是用手捧水給作者的狗喝。結(jié)合第一段“Youcantellalotaboutamanbyhowhetreatshisdogs.”可知，就是在那一刻，作者被這一行為打動，開始愛上Steve。bytheway意為“順便提一下”；inthatcase意為“既然那樣；假使那樣的話”；byallmeans意為“可以；當然行；沒問題”；inthatmoment意為“在那一刻”。故選D。]51．A．continued B．decidedC．intended D．pretendedA[考查動詞。根據(jù)上文中的“Ibegantofallforhim”可知，作者開始愛上了Steve，所以此處是指二人繼續(xù)約會。continue意為“繼續(xù)”；decide意為“決定”；intend意為“打算”；pretend意為“假裝”。故選A。]52．A．eye B．tailC．ear D．legD[考查名詞。根據(jù)下文中的“...IworriedthatTilly______climbingthestairscouldreopenthewound.”可推斷出，Tilly做的是腿部手術(shù)。故選D。]53．A．secretly B．constantlyC．eventually D．unwillinglyB[考查副詞。根據(jù)上文中的“...Tillyhadanoperationonher______.Itookthedogsoutfourtimesaday...”可知，Tilly做了手術(shù)，而作者一天要帶它出去四次，也就是說Tilly需要頻繁地上下樓梯。由此可推斷出這樣連續(xù)不斷地上下樓會撕裂Tilly的傷口。secretly意為“秘密地”；constantly意為“連續(xù)不斷地”；eventually意為“最終”；unwillingly意為“不情愿地”。故選B。]54．A．left B．soldC．suggested D．searchedC[考查動詞。根據(jù)上文可知，作者的狗Tilly做了腿部手術(shù)，上下樓梯會影響傷口恢復，而作者頻繁地帶狗出門勢必需要Tilly不斷地上下樓梯(也可據(jù)此推斷出作者房子的結(jié)構(gòu))；根據(jù)本段最后一句“Wemadegoodhousemates.”可推斷出作者搬離了原住所，與Steve同住，也就是Steve推薦了自己的房子給作者。這樣就避免了頻繁上下樓對Tilly傷口的影響。leave意為“離開”；sell意為“售賣”；suggest意為“推薦；提議”；search意為“搜索”。故選C。]55．A．late B．hardC．fine D．freeC[考查副詞。根據(jù)下文中的“Thethreedogsformedapack...SteveandIformedagoodteam...Wemadegoodhousemates.”可知，不僅雙方的寵物和諧地生活在一起，兩人還將Tilly照顧得很好，兩人也成為很好的室友。由此可知，此處是指一切都好。故選C。]56．A．emptied B．respectedC．occupied D．discoveredB[考查動詞。根據(jù)第二段中的“I______thatthreedogswereperhapstoomany,andmydogsmi