安徽省合肥市合肥六校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題【含答案解析】

2024-2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末考試高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)試卷（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘滿(mǎn)分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前填寫(xiě)好自己的姓名、班級(jí)、考號(hào)等信息2.請(qǐng)將答案正確填寫(xiě)在答題卡上第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WherewillMaryprobablygonext?A.ToTom’sschool.B.Tothebookstore.C.Tothesupermarket.2.Howwillthespeakersgotothelibrary?A.Bybus.B.Bybike.C.Bysubway.3.WhydoesJimtalktoDaisy?A.Tolendanotebook.B.Todiscussarthomework.C.Tolookforhispainting.4.WhoisJohn?A.Thegirl’scousin.B.Thegirl’suncle.C.Thegirl’sfriend.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Awriter.B.Anovel.C.Acharacter.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatwillthespeakersdoonthenightofthe28th?A.Watchamovie.B.Workintheoffice.C.Writeinvitationletters.7.Whenwillthehousewarmingpartytakeplace?A.Onthe24th.B.Onthe27th.C.Onthe29th.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhatwillSusandoonSaturdaymorning?A.Writeareport.B.Dosomeshopping.C.Visithergrandparents.9.WhatwillSusanbuyforhermother?A.Ascarf.B.Awatch.C.Apurse.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10-12題。10WhydoesJeanapplyforavisatoAmerica?A.TostudyinAmerica.B.Tospendaholiday.C.Togoonabusinesstrip.11.WhathasJeandonebefore?A.Shehaslivedwithahostfamily.B.Shehastraveledabroadbyherself.C.ShehasworkedintheUnitedStates.12.WhatisJeanprobablydoing?A.Sheissharinghertravelexperience.B.Sheisapplyingforauniversity.C.Sheisattendinganinterview.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13-16題。13.WhydoesLisafailtoseeJimmyrecently?A.Hehastoomuchhomework.B.Heisbusywithaprogramme.C.Hemovestoanothercommunity.14.WhatactivitiesoftheprogrammeattractJimmymost?A.Craftactivities.B.Sportsactivities.C.Technologyactivities.15.What’sJack’sattitudetowardstheprogramme?A.Favorable.B.Negative.C.Indifferent.16.WhatwillLisadonext?A.Gotothecitycenter.B.Getanapplicationform.C.PickupLucywiththeman.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17-20題。17.Wherewilltheheadmastergiveapresentation?A.Intheclassroom.B.Inthemainhall.C.Ontheplayground.18.Howlongwilltheparents’meetinglast?A.For3hours.B.For4hours.C.For5hours.19.Whataretheparentsrequiredtoprepareforthemeeting?A.Anotebook.B.Somequestions.C.Students’exampapers.20.Whatismostprobablythespeaker?A.Aparent.B.Astudent.C.Ateacher.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHopeBookClubAbookclubisasmallgroupofpersonsthatarereadingthesamebookinordertosharedifferentfeelingsandopinionsaboutthebook.Thebookclubmeetsonceamonthforanhouroflivelydiscussion.Allstudents(3+),teachersandparentsarewelcome!Hereyoucandiscoveranewworld,learnnewideasandmakenewfriends!Whatyoushoulddo:★Youwillreadthebookaloneandthendiscussyourreadinginthebookclub.★Youmustkeepupwithyourreadingsothatyoucanjoinasapartofyourgroup.Thebookclubwilldecidewhatpagesorchapters(章節(jié))youwillread.Youshouldtakedownnotesandthoughtsasyouread.Everyoneinthebookclubisexpectedtojoininthediscussion.Moretips:Keepourplaceclean.Nopetsandnosmoking.Takegoodcareofbooksandreturnthemontime.Youmustaskforleaveifyoucannotjoininthediscussion.Fees:Kidsfrom3-7:Free;Kidsfrom8-18:10dollarsamonth;Adults:15dollarsamonth.Ifyouareinterested,call487-256-656or487-266-545,sendanemailtohopebook@yahoo.comorvisitourwebsiteatwww.hopebookclub.com.1.Howmuchshouldacouplewitha9-year-oldsonpayforbeingintheclubforamonth?A.30dollars. B.25dollars. C.40dollars. D.50dollars.2.Whatarerequiredintheclub?A.Keepingtheenvironmenttidy.B.Takingcareofyourpets.C.Keepingsilentwhendiscussing.D.Decidingwhateverpagesorchapterstoread.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Youcankeepthebooksaslongasyoulike.B.Booksaren’tallowedtobetakenoutoftheclub.C.Themembersintheclubhavetotakedowntheirideas.D.Youcanchooseyourfavoritebookstoreadintheclub.【答案】1.C2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部的情況，閱讀要求以及收費(fèi)信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Fees部分的“Kidsfrom8-18:10dollarsamonth;Adults:15dollarsamonth(8-18歲的孩子每月10美元，成人每月15美元)”可知，一對(duì)夫婦(兩個(gè)成人)和他們9歲的兒子(一個(gè)孩子)加入俱樂(lè)部一個(gè)月的費(fèi)用是15×2+10=40美元。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Moretips部分的“Keepourplaceclean.(保持我們的地方干凈)”可知，需要保持環(huán)境整潔。故選A。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whatyoushoulddo部分的“Youshouldtakedownnotesandthoughtsasyouread.(你應(yīng)該在閱讀時(shí)記下筆記和想法)”可知，讀書(shū)時(shí)需要記筆記，記下自己的想法。故選C。BMarieVanBrittanBrown,anAfricanAmericannurselivinginJamaica,Queensinthe1960s,wasworkinginshifts,aswasherhusband,Albert,anelectronicstechnician.Whenshearrivedhomelate,shesometimesfeltafraid.SeriouscrimesinQueensjumpednearly32percentfrom1960to1965,andpolicewereslowtorespondtoemergencycalls.Mariewantedtofeelsaferathome.Withthehelpofherhusband,Marieimaginedadevicethatcouldbeattachedtothefrontdoor.Itwouldofferfoursmallholes,andthroughthese,avideocameraontheinsidecouldviewvisitorsofdifferentheightsasthehostturnedthecameraupanddown.Thecamerawasconnectedtoatelevisionmonitorinside.Amicrophoneontheoutsideofthedoorandaspeakerinsideallowedthehosttointerrogateavisitor,whileanalarmcouldinformpoliceviaradio.Closed-circuittelevision(CCTV),inventedduringWorldWarIIformilitaryuse,wasnotwidespreadinthe1960s,andtheBrownsproposedusingthetechnologytocreatethefirstmodernhomesecuritysystem.Theyfiledapatentfortheirdevicein1966,citing(提及)Marieastheleadinventor.Itwasapprovedthreeyearslater.“Theequipmentisnotinproduction,”TheNewYorkTimesreported,“buttheBrownshopetointerestmanufacturersandhomebuilders.”Thatneverhappened.“Thecostofinstalling(安裝)itwidelywouldbeprettyhigh,”saysRobertMcCrie,anemergencymanagementexpertatJohnJayCollegeofCriminalJusticeinManhattan.Marie’sinvention,thoughitdidn’tbenefitthemfinancially,wouldearntheBrownsameasureofrecognitioninthetechnologyworld:Thepredecessor(前身)oftoday’shomesecuritysystems,ithasbeencited(引用)in35U.S.patents.4.WhatcanbelearnedaboutMarie?A.Shelivedinadangerousneighborhood. B.Sheworkedasanelectronicstechnician.C.Shewenthomewithherhusbandeveryday. D.Shewasafraidofmakinganemergencycall.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“interrogate”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Attract. B.Frighten. C.Welcome. D.Question.6.WhatwastheproblemwiththeBrowns’system?A.Itwasconsideredtobeasillyinvention. B.Itwasthoughtlittleofbythethenpolice.C.Itwastooexpensivetobemass-produced. D.Itwasillegaltobeusedbyordinarypeople.7.WhatcanwesayaboutMarieandherhusband?A.TheycontributedalottoCCTV. B.Theyweregenerousandresponsible.C.Theyhelpedreducecrimeinthe1960s. D.Theywereintelligentandworthyofrespect.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.D【解析】【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述瑪麗和她的丈夫因?yàn)樽≡诜缸锫瘦^高的社區(qū)，就想有個(gè)安全的居住環(huán)境，而設(shè)計(jì)了一款設(shè)備。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“SeriouscrimesinQueensjumpednearly32percentfrom1960to1965,andpolicewereslowtorespondtoemergencycalls.Mariewantedtofeelsaferathome.”（皇后區(qū)的嚴(yán)重的犯罪從1960到1965年跳了將近32%，并且警察出警的速度很慢?，旣愊朐诩依锔械礁踩c(diǎn)。）可知，瑪麗住的社區(qū)不安全。故選A。【5題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)這句話“Amicrophoneontheoutsideofthedoorandaspeakerinsideallowedthehosttointerrogateavisitor,whileanalarmcouldinformpoliceviaradio.”（門(mén)外面的話筒和門(mén)內(nèi)的揚(yáng)聲器允許主人interrogate來(lái)訪者，同時(shí)警鈴可以通過(guò)無(wú)線電通知警察。）可知，interrogate是及物動(dòng)詞，avisitor是它的賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)上文的Amicrophoneontheoutsideofthedoorandaspeakerinside可知，門(mén)外面的話筒和門(mén)內(nèi)的揚(yáng)聲器都是可以傳達(dá)聲音的設(shè)備，所以就可以讓家里的主人通過(guò)這些設(shè)備和門(mén)外的人說(shuō)話，問(wèn)門(mén)外的人問(wèn)題。D選項(xiàng)“質(zhì)問(wèn)，提問(wèn)”和它意思接近。故選D。6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theequipmentisnotinproduction”（這個(gè)設(shè)備沒(méi)有大量生產(chǎn)）和“Thecostofinstalling(安裝)itwidelywouldbeprettyhigh”（廣泛安裝的費(fèi)用相當(dāng)?shù)母撸┛芍?，這個(gè)設(shè)備的不足之處在于大量生產(chǎn)的費(fèi)用太高。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Marie’sinvention,thoughitdidn’tbenefitthemfinancially,wouldearntheBrownsameasureofrecognitioninthetechnologyworld:Thepredecessor(前身)oftoday’shomesecuritysystems,ithasbeencited(引用)in35U.S.patents.”（盡管瑪麗的發(fā)明沒(méi)有為他們掙大錢(qián)，但是卻給布朗一家贏得了在技術(shù)界的認(rèn)可：現(xiàn)在家里的安保系統(tǒng)的前身，它已經(jīng)在35個(gè)美國(guó)專(zhuān)利上被引用。）可知，瑪麗和她的丈夫很聰明，并且獲得了大家的認(rèn)可和尊敬。故選D。CWalkinginthelocalsupermarket,youwillbecaughtbythescent(氣味)ofmixedherbs(香草),mentallytransportingyoutoakitchenfilledwiththesmellofyourfavoritehome-cookedmeal.Innotime,yourplansfordinnerandyourshoppinglistchange.Previousresearchhasfoundspreadingachocolatescentinabookstoreincreasedinterestinromancebooksandcookbooks.Andnaturalscentsinastoreencouragedspendingonproductswithfewerman-madecharacteristics.Generally,differentscentshavebeenshowntoinfluenceshoppers’choicesofspecifictypesofclothing.Tounderstandtheeffectofherbs,ournewresearchwasbrokenintothreeparts:experimentsinthelab,afieldstudyandonlinesurveys.InoursensorylabatAucklandUniversityofTechnology,weinvitedparticipantstoexperiencethesmellofmixedherbswhileshoppinginasupermarket.Shoppersboughtmorebasketsofhealthygoodswheninanenvironmentwiththeherbalsmellcomparedtothenon-herbalsmell.Inthefieldstudy,wespreadaherbalscentintwostoresandfoundshoppersexperiencingthescentboughtmorehealthyfooditemsthanthoseexperiencingnoscent.Ouronlinesurveyspresentasimilarresult-evenwhenthescentsareonlyimagined.Accordingtotheresearch,whenparticipantsaresmellingacertainscent,theyeasilystartactivitiesrelatedtothescent.Theactofsmellingorimaginingaherbalscentencouragesmemoriesofcookingandeatinghome-cookedmealspreparedfromfreshingredients(食材).Wefindthementalconnectionwithhome-cookingthendrivescustomerstochooseandbuyrelatedhealthyfoodsratherthanprocessedfoods.Beyondgeneralsmellsthatcomefromtheproducts,supermarketsoftenuseman-madescents,suchasspreadingthegrapefruitsmellintheproducesection,andthechocolatesmellinthesweetfoodssection.Understandingtheinfluenceofcertainsmellsisn’tjustaboutincreasingsales.Supermarketsplayakeyroleinshapingfoodchoices.Usingscentmarketingtodirectcustomerstowardswiserfoodchoicesisanunder-exploredopportunitytoachievebetterpublichealthresults.8.Whatcanweinferfrompreviousresearch?A.Bookstoresaleskeeprising. B.Materialinfluencesthescentquality.C.Man-madeproductsaregainingpopularity. D.Scentmarketinghasbeenwidelyapplied.9.Whatdoesthenewresearchshow?A.Naturalfoodmarketsattractmorecustomers. B.Herbalscentsaddtothehealthvalueoffood.C.Herbalscentsencouragehealthyfoodchoices. D.Mixedsmellscausetroublefordecision-making.10.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph4?A.Raisingdoubts. B.Explainingreasons.CSuggestingsolutions. D.Makingcomparisons.11.Whatisabenefitofusingman-madescentsinsupermarkets?A.Improvingpublichealth. B.Promotingfoodstorage.C.Increasingsalesofallproducts. D.Simplifyingproductarrangement.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，香草氣味能促使顧客購(gòu)買(mǎi)更多健康食品，人造氣味也在超市中常被使用以提升銷(xiāo)售。通過(guò)在超市中應(yīng)用香味營(yíng)銷(xiāo)，商家不僅可以增加銷(xiāo)量，還可以引導(dǎo)顧客做出更健康的食品選擇，從而改善公共健康。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Previousresearchhasfoundspreadingachocolatescentinabookstoreincreasedinterestinromancebooksandcookbooks.Andnaturalscentsinastoreencouragedspendingonproductswithfewerman-madecharacteristics.(先前的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在書(shū)店散發(fā)巧克力氣味會(huì)增加對(duì)浪漫書(shū)籍和烹飪書(shū)籍的興趣。而商店中的自然氣味則鼓勵(lì)人們購(gòu)買(mǎi)具有較少人造特征的產(chǎn)品)”可知，氣味營(yíng)銷(xiāo)已經(jīng)被廣泛應(yīng)用。故選D。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Shoppersboughtmorebasketsofhealthygoodswheninanenvironmentwiththeherbalsmellcomparedtothenon-herbalsmell.(在有香草氣味的環(huán)境中，購(gòu)物者購(gòu)買(mǎi)的健康商品比在沒(méi)有香草氣味的環(huán)境中更多)”以及第三段“Inthefieldstudy,

wespreadaherbalscentintwostoresandfoundshoppersexperiencingthescentboughtmorehealthyfooditemsthanthoseexperiencingnoscent.(在實(shí)地研究中，我們?cè)趦杉疑痰晟l(fā)香草氣味，發(fā)現(xiàn)體驗(yàn)到這種氣味的購(gòu)物者購(gòu)買(mǎi)的健康食品比沒(méi)有體驗(yàn)到這種氣味的購(gòu)物者更多)”可知，香草氣味鼓勵(lì)健康食品的選擇。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Accordingtotheresearch,whenparticipantsaresmellingacertainscent,theyeasilystartactivitiesrelatedtothescent.Theactofsmellingorimaginingaherbalscentencouragesmemoriesofcookingandeatinghome-cookedmealspreparedfromfreshingredients(食材).(根據(jù)研究，當(dāng)參與者聞到某種氣味時(shí)，他們很容易開(kāi)始與氣味相關(guān)的活動(dòng)。聞到或想象香草氣味的行為會(huì)激發(fā)烹飪和食用新鮮食材準(zhǔn)備的家常飯菜的記憶)”可知，第四段的功能是解釋原因。故選B?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Beyondgeneralsmellsthatcomefromtheproducts,supermarketsoftenuseman-madescents,suchasspreadingthegrapefruitsmellintheproducesection,andthechocolatesmellinthesweetfoodssection.(除了來(lái)自產(chǎn)品的一般氣味外，超市還經(jīng)常使用人造氣味，比如在農(nóng)產(chǎn)品區(qū)散布葡萄柚味，在甜食區(qū)散布巧克力味)”以及“Usingscentmarketingtodirectcustomerstowardswiserfoodchoicesisanunder-exploredopportunitytoachievebetterpublichealthresults.(利用氣味營(yíng)銷(xiāo)引導(dǎo)顧客做出更明智的食品選擇是一個(gè)未被充分探索的機(jī)會(huì)，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)更好的公共健康結(jié)果)”可知，使用人造氣味的好處是改善公共健康。故選A。DAirpollutionisamongthebiggestthreatsagainsthumans,whichcausessevenmillionearlydeathsayear.Tofightthisproblem,fourfriendsputtheirheadstogetheranddesignedCityTree,whichisamobilestructurethatcancaptureasmanypollutantsasaforestmadeupof275trees.Whatmakesthe‘tree’specialisthatit’snotaregulartreeatall;itismadeupofmosscultures(苔蘚培養(yǎng)物)thatdoagreatjobofabsorption.“Mosscultureshaveamuchlargersurfacethananyotherplant,”ZhengliangWu,co-founderofGreenCitySolutions,explainedtoCNN.“Thatmeanswecancapturemorepollutants.”Theentire‘tree’sustainsitselfusingsolarpanelsthatgenerateelectricitysothatitcancollectrainwateritself.Tomonitorthehealthofthemoss,theCityTreehassensorswhichmeasuretemperatureandwaterquality.Now,about20CityTreescanbefoundinmajorcitieslikeOslo,andParis.TheteamalsohasplanstointroducetheCityTreetocitiesinlower-incomecountries,whichmayhaveworseairpollution.However,GaryFuller,anexpertonairpollution,thinksthattheconceptofanurbanairpurifiermightbetooambitious.“Evenifyouhadaperfectaircleaner,gettingthesurroundingairincontactwithitisreallyhard,”hesaid.Pollutionmadebycars,forexample,spreadsupwardsafewkilometersintotheair.“Effortswouldbebetterputintostoppingthepollutionfromforminginthefirstplace,”headded.Inresponse,theCityTreeinventorssaythattheyareawareofthisandchoosethelocationofeachCityTreecarefully.Theyarealsotestingasystemtocreatetheirownairflowthatdrawsthepollutiontothe“tree”.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyaboutconcerningtheCityTree?A.Itsappearance. B.Itsoperatingprocess.C.Howitworks. D.Howitgetspowered.13.WhatisGaryFuller’sattitudetotheCityTree?A.Doubtful. B.Intolerant. C.Worried. D.Unclear.14.WhatwilltheCityTreeinventorsprobablydo?A.Developanewtypeofaircleaner. B.Makeimprovementstothestructure.C.Redirecteffortstomakegreenercars. D.Expandtheirbusinessinrichcountries.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?A.GlobalEffortsinPlantingTrees B.TheAlarmingTrendofAirPollutionC.AStructurethatWillChangetheWorld D.The‘Tree’withtheGreenBenefitsofaForest【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了“城市樹(shù)”可以改善空氣污染，介紹了其工作原理以及好處?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段““Mosscultureshaveamuchlargersurfacethananyotherplant,”ZhengliangWu,co-founderofGreenCitySolutions,explainedtoCNN.“Thatmeanswecancapturemorepollutants.”Theentire‘tree’sustainsitselfusingsolarpanelsthatgenerateelectricitysothatitcancollectrainwateritself.Tomonitorthehealthofthemoss,theCityTreehassensorswhichmeasuretemperatureandwaterquality.(綠色城市解決方案的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人吳正良向CNN解釋說(shuō)：“苔蘚的表面比其他任何植物都要大得多。”“這意味著我們可以捕獲更多的污染物?！闭谩皹?shù)”通過(guò)太陽(yáng)能電池板來(lái)維持自身，太陽(yáng)能電池板可以發(fā)電，這樣它就可以自己收集雨水。為了監(jiān)測(cè)苔蘚的健康狀況，“城市樹(shù)”裝有測(cè)量溫度和水質(zhì)的傳感器。)”可知，第2段主要是關(guān)于CityTree是如何工作的。故選C。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“However,GaryFuller,anexpertonairpollution,thinksthattheconceptofanurbanairpurifiermightbetooambitious.“Evenifyouhadaperfectaircleaner,gettingthesurroundingairincontactwithitisreallyhard,”hesaid.Pollutionmadebycars,forexample,spreadsupwardsafewkilometersintotheair.“Effortswouldbebetterputintostoppingthepollutionfromforminginthefirstplace,”headded.(然而，空氣污染專(zhuān)家加里·富勒認(rèn)為，城市空氣凈化器的概念可能過(guò)于雄心勃勃?！凹词鼓阌幸慌_(tái)完美的空氣凈化器，也很難讓周?chē)目諝饨佑|到它，”他說(shuō)。例如，汽車(chē)造成的污染向上擴(kuò)散幾公里進(jìn)入空氣中。他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“最好從一開(kāi)始就努力阻止污染的形成?！?”可知，加里·富勒對(duì)城市樹(shù)的態(tài)度是懷疑。故選A。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theyarealsotestingasystemtocreatetheirownairflowthatdrawsthepollutiontothe“tree”.(他們還在測(cè)試一個(gè)系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)可以制造自己氣流，將污染物吸入“樹(shù)”。)”可知，CityTree的發(fā)明者可能會(huì)對(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Tofightthisproblem,fourfriendsputtheirheadstogetheranddesignedCityTree,whichisamobilestructurethatcancaptureasmanypollutantsasaforestmadeupof275trees.Whatmakesthe‘tree’specialisthatit’snotaregulartreeatall;itismadeupofmosscultures(苔蘚培養(yǎng)物)thatdoagreatjobofabsorption.(為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，四個(gè)朋友集思廣想，設(shè)計(jì)了“城市樹(shù)”，這是一個(gè)移動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，可以捕獲與275棵樹(shù)組成的森林一樣多的污染物。這棵“樹(shù)”的特別之處在于，它根本不是一棵普通的樹(shù)；它是由苔蘚培養(yǎng)物組成的，吸收效果很好。)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了“城市樹(shù)”可以改善空氣污染，介紹了其工作原理以及好處?？芍珼選項(xiàng)“具有森林綠色效益的‘樹(shù)’”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyouhadameltdownlately?Anemotionalmeltdownisn’texactlyamedicaldisease.___16___It’sapopulartermusedtodescribeasituationwhereweareovercomeemotionallyofhitabreakingpoint.Howdoyoufeelafteryou’vehadameltdown?Doyoufeelembarrassedaboutyourbehavior?___17___Anoccasionalmeltdowndoesn’tmeansomethingis“wrong”withyou.Itmayjustbeanindicatorofachallengingtimeforyou.Whilemostpeoplewouldratherforgetameltdownasquicklyaspossible,itcanbealearningexperience.Ifyoufeelembarrassedaboutrevealingyouremotionsinpublic,youmightexaminehowyoufeelaboutyourfeelings.Whyisn’titokayforyoutobeangry,ortobesad,ortoneedsomethingfromsomeoneelse?___18___So,bekindtoyourself.Ifyourmeltdowninvolvedraisingyourvoiceatotherpeopleorbehaviorlikethrowinganobjectinthepresenceofothers,apologizeandcomeupwithaplantomanageyouremotionsdifferentlythenexttimeyou’reupsetorstressed.Ifyoufindthistypeofbehavioriscommonforyouandyou’rehavingdifficultymanagingitonyourown,considerreachingtoapsychologist.___19___Itdamagesanotherperson’sattitudeandeatsintotheirhealth.___20___Yourexperienceservesabasisforreflection.Bekindtoyourselfandfindsomehelpfulwaystodealwithmeltdowns:A.Itcanhappentoanyone.B.Areyouahappyperson?C.Learnfromeverymeltdown.D.Therearesomenegativeeffectsaboutmeltdown,E.Shamingyourselfaboutyouremotionisnothelpful.F.Areyouanxiousaboutpossibleconsequencesforyouroutburst?G.Havinganemotionalmeltdownisneveranexcuseforabusivebehavior.【答案】16.A17.F18.E19.G20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要告訴了讀者關(guān)于情緒崩潰的一些知識(shí)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Anemotionalmeltdownisn’texactlyamedicaldisease.(情緒崩潰又不是什么醫(yī)學(xué)疾病。)”可知，情緒崩潰不算疾?。缓笪摹癐t’sapopulartermusedtodescribeasituationwhereweareovercomeemotionallyofhitabreakingpoint.(這是一個(gè)常用的術(shù)語(yǔ)，用來(lái)描述我們?cè)谇楦猩线_(dá)到崩潰點(diǎn)的情況。)”說(shuō)明情緒崩潰是常見(jiàn)的。A項(xiàng)“Itcanhappentoanyone.(它可能發(fā)生在任何人身上。)”符合語(yǔ)境，且A項(xiàng)中“It”指代前文中的“Anemotionalmeltdown”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Howdoyoufeelafteryou’vehadameltdown?Doyoufeelembarrassedaboutyourbehavior?(你崩潰后是什么感覺(jué)?你對(duì)自己的行為感到尷尬嗎?)”推知，空處是情緒崩潰的舉例，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Areyouanxiousaboutpossibleconsequencesforyouroutburst?(你是否為你的爆發(fā)可能帶來(lái)的后果感到焦慮?)”符合題意，與前文并列。故選F項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】前文“Whyisn’titokayforyoutobeangry,ortobesad,ortoneedsomethingfromsomeoneelse?(為什么你不能生氣，悲傷，或者需要?jiǎng)e人的幫助呢?)”說(shuō)明生氣、悲傷和需要?jiǎng)e人幫助的正常的；結(jié)合后文“So,bekindtoyourself.(所以，善待自己。)”，說(shuō)明情緒崩潰是很正常的，沒(méi)必要因此而自責(zé)。E項(xiàng)“Shamingyourselfaboutyouremotionisnothelpful.(為自己的情緒感到羞愧是沒(méi)有幫助的。)”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Itdamagesanotherperson’sattitudeandeatsintotheirhealth.(它會(huì)損害別人的態(tài)度，損害他們的健康。)”可知，嚴(yán)重的情緒崩潰可能會(huì)對(duì)別人造成傷害。G項(xiàng)“Havinganemotionalmeltdownisneveranexcuseforabusivebehavior.(情緒崩潰絕不是虐待行為的借口。)”說(shuō)明因?yàn)榍榫w崩潰而做出錯(cuò)誤的行為是不對(duì)的。后文“It”指代G項(xiàng)中“abusivebehavior”。故選G項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Yourexperienceservesabasisforreflection.(你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)可以作為反思的基礎(chǔ)。)”可知，我們可以從情緒奔潰中反思、學(xué)到一些東西。C項(xiàng)“Learnfromeverymeltdown.(從每次崩潰中學(xué)習(xí)。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Wetalkaboutthepersistenceneededtomakeourdreamcometruetoday.JustthinkofWilburandOrvilleWright.Their____21____certainlydidn’thappenovernight!Wilburwas12yearsoldandOrville8whentheirfatherbroughthomeatoy.Itwasarubber____22____madeinFrance.Theylikeditsomuchthattheyplayedwithituntilitbroke.Immediately,theybegan____23____copies.Theywerehookedonaviation!In1900,asyoungmen,havingbuilttheirfirstglider(滑翔機(jī)),theydecidedto____24____itoutatKittyHawkonKillDevilHills.It____25____consistentstrongwindsandthesomewhatcushioningeffectsofsand.Thatfirstflightwasunsuccessful,butitdidn’tstopthem.Afterseveralmoretries,onDecember17,1903,withamuch____26____plane,theyriskedtheirlivestoflyitinthewind.They____27____flyingtheworld’sfirstpoweredairplane.Beginningat10:35a.m.thatday,Orville____28____it120feetinabout12seconds!At12:00,Wilburflewit852feetin59seconds!JohnnyMoore,oneofthefivemenwho____29____themthatmorning(inchargeofdraggingtheplaneacrossthesandforpositioning),rantothevillageofKittyHawkcrying.“They’vemadeit!”Thiswasthe_____30_____ofaviation!Atthistime,Wilburwas36andOrville32.Roughly24yearshadpassedsincetheirfathergavethemthat_____31_____!Ifyouhaveadream,workatit.Ifitdoesn’tturnoutas_____32_____,don’tgiveup!Tryagain!_____33_____whatyouwantandaccomplishit.Don’tevergiveup!_____34_____intheworldcantaketheplaceofpersistence.Talentwillnot.Nothingismore_____35_____thanunsuccessfulmenwithtalent.Persistenceanddeterminationalonemakeadifference.21.A.failure B.accident C.achievement D.change22.A.car B.bicycle C.helicopter D.ship23.A.building B.selling C.buying D.drawing24.A.put B.try C.pick D.carry25.A.avoided B.prevented C.provided D.caught26.A.ordinary B.similar C.organised D.improved27.A.tookto B.keptto C.gaveup D.endedup28.A.flew B.placed C.dragged D.pulled29.A.noticed B.met C.visited D.helped30.A.result B.birth C.target D.development31.A.toy B.party C.promise D.chance32.A.allowed B.decided C.expected D.required33.A.Worryabout B.Returnto C.Forgetabout D.Stickto34.A.Something B.Nothing C.Anything D.Everything35.A.common B.active C.satisfactory D.exciting【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.B25.C26.D27.D28.A29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。本文通過(guò)講述萊特兄弟經(jīng)過(guò)多次實(shí)驗(yàn)，終于制造出第一架飛機(jī)的故事，說(shuō)明了這樣一個(gè)道理：如果你有夢(mèng)想，就要不斷地為之努力；即使它沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)預(yù)期的結(jié)果，也不要放棄，世界上沒(méi)有什么事情能代替堅(jiān)持不懈；只要有毅力，最終一定會(huì)取得成功。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：萊特兄弟的成就當(dāng)然不是一夜之間發(fā)生的。A.failure失?。籅.accident事故；C.achievement成就；D.change改變。根據(jù)上文“Wetalkaboutthepersistenceneededtomakeourdreamcometruetoday.”以及下文““They’vemadeit!”Thiswasthe____10____ofaviation!”可知，此處指萊特兄弟的成就不是一夜之間發(fā)生的。故選C。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那是一個(gè)法國(guó)制造的橡膠直升機(jī)。A.car汽車(chē)；B.bicycle自行車(chē)；C.helicopter直升飛機(jī)；D.ship輪船。根據(jù)下文“Theywerehookedonaviation!”可知，那是一個(gè)法國(guó)制造的橡膠直升機(jī)。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：1900年，作為年輕人，在建造了第一架滑翔機(jī)后，他們開(kāi)始建造復(fù)制品。A.building建造；開(kāi)發(fā)；B.selling售賣(mài)；C.buying買(mǎi)；D.drawing畫(huà)。根據(jù)上文“In1900,asyoungmen,havingbuilttheirfirstglider”可知，他們開(kāi)始建造復(fù)制品。故選A。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他們決定試驗(yàn)一下。A.put(out)撲滅；B.try(out)試驗(yàn)；C.pick(out)挑選；D.carry(out)實(shí)施。根據(jù)下文“Afterseveralmoretries”可知，他們決定試驗(yàn)一下。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)地方提供持續(xù)的大風(fēng)還有沙子的緩沖作用。A.avoided避免；B.prevented防止；C.provided提供；D.caught抓住。句中it指代上文“KittyHawkonKillDevilHills”，此處指這個(gè)地方提供持續(xù)的大風(fēng)。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：又嘗試了幾次之后，在1903年12月17日，他們冒著生命危險(xiǎn)在風(fēng)里駕駛一架經(jīng)過(guò)多次改進(jìn)的飛機(jī)。A.ordinary普通的；B.similar相同的；C.organised有組織的；D.improved改良過(guò)的。根據(jù)上文“Afterseveralmoretries”以及常識(shí)可知，他們駕駛的是一架經(jīng)過(guò)多次改進(jìn)的飛機(jī)。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：最終他們駕駛世界上第一架有動(dòng)力裝置的飛機(jī)。A.tookto喜歡；參加；B.keptto遵守；堅(jiān)持；C.gaveup放棄；D.endedup最終。根據(jù)下文““They’vemadeit!”Thiswasthe____10____ofaviation!”可知，他們最終駕駛了世界上第一架有動(dòng)力裝置的飛機(jī)。endupdoingsth.意為“結(jié)果做……；以做……而告終”，符合句意。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：從當(dāng)天上午10點(diǎn)35分開(kāi)始，奧維爾在大約12秒內(nèi)飛了120英尺。A.flew飛行；B.placed放置；C.dragged拖；D.pulled拉。根據(jù)下文“At12:00,Wilburflewit852feetin59seconds!”中的關(guān)鍵詞flew可知，這里是說(shuō)，在大約十二秒鐘之內(nèi)Orville飛行了120英尺。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：JohnnyMoore是那天早上幫助他們的五個(gè)人之一（負(fù)責(zé)將飛機(jī)拖過(guò)沙地進(jìn)行定位），他跑到小鷹村時(shí)，哭了。A.noticed注意；B.met遇見(jiàn)；C.visited參觀；D.helped幫助。根據(jù)下文“inchargeofdraggingtheplaneacrossthesandforpositioning”可知，JohnnyMoore在幫助他們。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這就是航空制造業(yè)的誕生。A.result結(jié)果；B.birth誕生；C.target目標(biāo)；D.development發(fā)展。根據(jù)上文“They____7____flyingtheworld’sfirstpoweredairplane.”可知，這是航空制造業(yè)的誕生。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：自他們的父親給他們那個(gè)玩具起，已經(jīng)過(guò)了差不多24年了。A.toy玩具；B.party派對(duì)；C.promise承諾；D.chance機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)第二段首句中“...broughthomeatoy.”可知，父親給他們的是玩具。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：如果結(jié)果不如預(yù)期，不要放棄！A.allowed允許；B.decided決定；C.expected期待；D.required要求。asexpected是固定用法，意為“正如預(yù)期的那樣”，符合句意。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：堅(jiān)持你所想的，并且實(shí)現(xiàn)它。A.Worryabout擔(dān)心；B.Returnto返回到；C.Forgetabout忘掉；D.Stickto堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)下文“Don’tevergiveup!”可知，這里是指堅(jiān)持(stickto)你所想的，并且實(shí)現(xiàn)它。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查不定代詞辨析。句意：世界上沒(méi)有什么事情能代替堅(jiān)持不懈。A.Something某物；B.Nothing沒(méi)有什么東西；C.Anything任何事物；D.Everything一切事物。根據(jù)上文“____13____whatyouwantandaccomplishit.Don’tevergiveup!”可知，世界上沒(méi)有什么事情能代替堅(jiān)持不懈。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有天賦但不成功的人太常見(jiàn)了。A.common常見(jiàn)的；B.active積極的；C.satisfactory令人滿(mǎn)意的；D.exciting令人激動(dòng)的。根據(jù)下文“Persistenceanddeterminationalonemakeadifference.”可知，只有堅(jiān)持不懈和決心才能通往成功，由此可知，有天賦但不成功的人太常見(jiàn)了。故選A。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnDecember28th2021,awinterfishing-themedtouristfestivalopenedatChaganLakeoneofChina's___36___(large)freshwaterlakes,markingthebeginningofthegoldenseasonforwinterfishing.Overtwenty___37___(activity)willbeheldduringtheannualfestival,___38___runsthroughFeb28nextyear.Thehighlightoftheeventisskiingcontests,naturewatchingandanicedragonboat____39____(compete).Yetmeredecadesago,ChaganLakewasaverydifferentplace.Bytheendofthe1970s,thelake____40____(cut)downtoonlydozensofsquarekilometersduetodroughtandoverfishing.Thankstothegovernment'efforts____41____(restore)Chagantoits