2022年陜西省渭南市大荔縣高二下學期期末質(zhì)量檢測英語試題

渭南市大荔縣2021-2022學年高二下學期期末質(zhì)量檢測英語注意事項：1.本試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.選擇題用2B鉛筆將正確答案涂寫在答題卡上；非選擇題用0.5mm黑色墨水簽字筆答在答題卡的指定答題區(qū)域內(nèi)，超出答題區(qū)域答案無效。3.答題前，請將姓名、考號、試卷類型按要求涂寫在答題卡上。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在題卡上將該項涂黑。AASchengenvisaisashort-stayvisaawardedtopersonswishingtotraveltooneormanyofthecountriesthatmakeofthe26EuropeancountrySchengenArea.Itgrants（授予）eachholderentrytoallthecountriesintheareaonasinglevisa.SeveralnewSchengenvisaapplicationrulescameintoforceinallcountriesonFebruary2,2020.Checkoutsomeofthemajorchanges:IncreasedvisafeesTheSchengenvisafeehasincreasedfrom60eurosto80foradults,whilechildrenagedbetween6and12nowneedtopay40eurosinsteadof35.Theriseinfeesistoincreasestaffnumbers,ensurestrongersecurityscreenings,andupgradeITequipmentandsoftware,accordingtotheEuropeanCommission.ElectronicapplicationformTheapplicationprocesshasbeengreatlysimplified.Schengenmemberstatesnowacceptelectronicapplications,andtheapplicationformcanbesignedandsubmittedelectronically.LongerapplicationsubmissionperiodsSchengenvisaapplicantsusedtoapplyasearlyasthreemonthsaheadoftheirtrip.Todayapplicationscanbesubmitteduptosixmonthsinadvance.BenefitsforfrequenttravelersThosewhohavepreviouslyvisitedtheSchengenAreaandhaveapositivevisahistorywillbegrantedtheopportunitytogetamultipleentryvisavalidforuptofiveyears.Thatis,peoplewhohavelawfullyusedtheirpreviousvisas,haveagoodeconomicstandingintheirhomecountries,andintendtoleavetheareabeforetheirSchengenvisaexpires（過期）willnowhavethechancetogetavisaforuptofiveyearswithmultipleentries.21.Ifacouplewithaseven-year-oldkidapplyforSchengenvisas,howmuchshouldtheypayunderthenewrules?A.45euros. B.80euros. C.200euros. D.155euros.22.WhenapplyingforaSchengenvisanow,youcan________.A.getallyourmaterialsreadybeforeFebruary2B.turninyourapplication9monthsinadvanceC.upgradeyourcomputersoftwareD.handinanelectronicapplicationform23.TofrequenttravelerstotheSchengenArea,thenewrulesaremore________.A.favourable B.complicated C.specific D.rigidBWhenafirebrokeoutinmyhomeinthemiddleofthenight,IknewI'ddoanythingIcouldtosavemyfamily.ThemedicinethatItakeformyrheumatoidarthritiscausesmetowakeupinthemiddleofthenightwithadrymouth.January15,2016,wasnodifferent.I,Indiana,US,awokeat2:30amneedingwater.IwaswalkingbackupstairsfromthekitchenwhenIheardmybulldog,Rock.WhateverRockwasdoingdownthere,itmadeenoughnoiseformetogotohim.BythetimeImadeittothebottomofthestairs,hewasrunningup,andhenevercameupthestairs,nomatterwhat.Ithinkthatwashiswayoftellingme,"We'vegottogobackup."WhenIgottotheLopofthestairs,Iturnedaroundandsawalighton,butIdidn'trememberleavingoneon.Iwalkeddownstairsagain,andthat'swhenIsawfire.Iimmediatelyshoutedtomywifetowakeupandgetourthreekids.Igrabbedaknifeandcutouttheplasticthatcoveredthewindowtotheporchroof.Ithenpriedopenthewindowandkickedoutthescreen.Istartedscreamingforhelp.Buthelpnevercame.Igoteverybodyoutontheroofandthrewablanketouttheresowewouldn'tslipoff.Itwascold,Januarycold.ThenIstartedscreamingforhelp.Buthelpnevercame.Now,I'mscaredofheightsandhavephysicalissues,whatwithmyrheumatoidarthritis,butIcouldn'tletmyfamilyburnup.SoIjumpedofftheroof.Ididn'tscoottotheedge;IjustjumpedandgotthewindknockedoutofmewhenIlanded.Ifoundourladder,placeditagainstthehouse,andclimbedbackuptotheroof.Iwrappedmyarmsaroundmydaughterandcarriedmynine-month-oldwithmyteeth,byhislittlesleeper.ThenIclimbeddowntheladder.Onceontheground,Ihadmylittlegirlholdherbrother,andIwentbackuptotherooftogetmyotherdaughter.ThenIwentbackupagainandgotmywife.Itriedtogetmydog,buthejustdisappearedintheblacksmoke.Ineversawhimaliveagain.I'mnohero.I'mjustanordinarypersonwho'dhelpanybody.ThishappenedtobethetimewhenIhelpedmyownfamily.Ilivetoprotectmyfamily.JustlikeRock-helivedtoprotectus.24.Whatmadetheauthorwakeupat2:30am?A.Mydog'sbarking B.AburningfireC.Themedicine'seffect D.Anoisedownstairs25.HowdidRocktelltheauthorthedangerdownstairs?A.Hekeptbarkingandrunninguptostairs.B.Herantotheauthor'sroomupstairs.C.Heturnedonalightdownstairs.D.Hemadesomenoiseatthebottomofthestairs.26.Whatdidtheauthordoafterhisfamilyallstoodontheroof?A.Heplacedablankettokeepwarm.B.Hestartedscreamingforhelp.C.Hejumpedofftheroof.D.Hebrokeopenthewindowandkickedoutthescreen27.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribetheauthor?A.Strongandconsiderate B.CaringandselfishC.Loyalandbrave D.CourageousandresponsibleCPlantscannotrunorhide,sotheyneedotherstrategiestoavoidbeingeaten.Somecurluptheirleaves;othersproducechemicalstomakethemselvestastebadiftheysenseanimalsdroolingonthem,chewingthemuporlayingeggsonthem-allsignalsofanattack.Newresearchnowshowssomefloracanfeelaplant-eatinganimalwellbeforeitlaunchesanattack,lettingaplantprepareapreemptive（搶先的）defensethatevenworksagainstotherpestspecies.WhenecologistJohnOrrockoftheUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonsprayedsnailslime-aliquidtheanimalsreleaseastheyslidealong-intosoil,nearbytomatoplantsappearedtonotice.Theyincreasedtheirlevelsofanenzyme（生化酶）,whichisknowntopreventplant-eatinganimals."Noneoftheplantswereeveractuallyattacked."Orrocksays."Wejustgavethemcuesthatsuggestedanattackwascoming,andthatwasenoughtocausebigchangesintheirchemistry."InitiallyOrrockfoundthisdefenseworkedagainstsnails;inthelateststudy,histeammeasuredtheslimywarningimpactonanotherpotentialthreat.Theinvestigatorsfoundthathungry-caterpillars（毛蟲）,whichusuallyeattomatoleavesgreedily,hadnoappetiteforthemaftertheplantswereexposedtosnailslimeandactivatedtheirchemicalresistance.Thisnonspecificdefensemaybeastrategythatbenefitstheplantsbyfurtherimprovingtheiroverallpossibilitiesofsurvival,saysOrrock,whoreportedtheresultswithhiscolleaguesinMarchinOecologia.Thefindingthatasnail'sapproachcancauseaplantresponsethataffectsadifferentanimalmadeRichardKarbancurious,aplantcommunicationsexpert,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy."Itissignificantthattheplantsarerespondingbeforebeingdamagedandthatthesecuesarehavingsuchfar-rangingeffects,"Karbansays.Theresearchwascomprehensive,headds,buthewonderedhowthetomatoplantsfeltchemicalsinsnailslimthatneveractuallytouchedthem."That'sthemillion-dollarquestion,"Orrocksays.Hehopesfutureresearchwillmakeoutthemechanismsthatenableplantstosensetheserelativelydistantcues.28.JohnOrrocksprayedaliquidintosoilnearbytomatoplantsto________.A.makethemgrowbetter B.givethemawarningC.keepplanteatinganimalsaway D.informplant-eatinganimalsofdanger29.Whyistheexampleof"caterpillars"mentionedinParagraph3?A.Toconfirmtheresultofthestudy. B.Tointroduceanotheranimal.C.Toappealtopeopletoprotectanimals. D.Toanalysedifferentresistancechemicals.30.WhatdoesRichardKarbanreallywanttoknow?________A.Howtomatoplantsbecomeawareofdanger.B.Whatthechemicalsinthesnailslimeare.C.Whethertheresearchisofpracticalvalue.D.Whatthefindingoftheresearchis.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?________A.ADefenseAttack B.GreedyAnimals C.ASnail'sApproach D.WatchfulPlantsDOhmyGod,therobotsaretakingover!We'redoomed!Doomed!NowthatI'vegottenthatoutofmysystem,it'sbecomeclearthatwhilewemayormaynotbedoomed,therobotsaretakingover.Thelatestexampleisthegovernment'snewguidelinesforself-drivingcars.Tesla,GoogleandUberarealreadytestingdriverlesscarsincitiesacrossAmerica.UberchiefexecutiveTravisKalanickisamongthosepredictingthatby2021,self-drivingcarswillplayabigpartinurbansettings.Nearly40,000peoplediedlastyearinthisnationinautomobile-relatedaccidents,andwebelievesdriverlesscarscansavetensofthousandsoflivesannually.Makessense.Robotdriversarelesslikelytogetdrunk,drivewithoutalicense,textwhiledrivingorfeelagitatedatthesceneofapileup.Ontheotherhand,Iwonderhowthesehighlysensitivecarswillreact,withwalkersconstantlydashingintothestreet.Willtheyjamonthebrakesevery10seconds?Butthere'sabiggerpicture.Notonlyarerobotsreplacinghumansbehindthewheel,butbehindtheworkdesk,inwarehouses,seniorhomes,younameit.Robotsaren'tjusttakingoverintheworkplace.Thequestionis,wherecan'tarobotfunctionbetterthanahuman?Howaboutwritingsongs?Arobotcangothrougheverycombinationofnotesinrecordtimeandcomeupwithapleasingmelody.Thelyricsmightbeadifferentstory.IsaGrammy-winningsongco-writtenbyHankHumanandR-3071inourfuture?Finally,it'sonlyamatteroftimeuntilwehaverobotpoliticiansandpresidentialcandidates.Whynot?Theycanbeprogrammedtobeexpertsinworldanddomesticaffairsandcomeupwiththebestsolutionswithoutcorruptionandbadhumors.Actually,it'stoobadsuchtechnologyisn'tavailablein2016.Prettysuretherobotwouldwininalandslide.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"agitated"mean?A.Anxious B.Cautious C.Careful D.Tired33.Whatdoubtdoesthewriterhaveaboutself-drivingcars?A.Howpassengersbehaveinit.B.Howrobotdriversgetthelicense.C.Howtheyrespondtowalkersonabusystreet.D.Howtheyavoidcrashingintoothercar.34.Thelastquestionsaskedinthesixthparagraphreflectsthewriter's________.A.doubtaboutrobots'abilitytowritesongsB.eagernesstolistentosongswrittenbyrobotsC.curiosityaboutthefutureGrammysongsD.confidenceinrobots,winningGrammyAwards35.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.RobotsarecomingbutnotsoonenoughB.RobotswillcontroltheworldineveryfieldC.RobotsarebeingusedinourdailylifeD.Robotscandrivecarsandwritemusic第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WaystomakeagreatfirstimpressionYou'vehearditamilliontimesalready,butitreallydoestakeafewsecondstomakethatall-importantfirstimpression（印象）.Herearesomeeasywaysforyoutoimpressyourclassmatesorteachers.●HaveaproperhandshakeBeforeyoushakehandswithsomebody,makesurethatyourhandsareclean.Thehandshakeshouldnotbetoostrongorweak.Mostpeopleusetheirrighthands,unlesstheyhaveareasontousetheleft.36.●BeontimeWhenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,arrivingontimeisasimportantasbreathing.Youmayhaveanexcuse,butthatwillleavethepersonwhohardlyknowsyouwithabadimpression.37It'sbettertobehangingaroundtheplacethanbestuckintraffie.●IntroduceyourselfandaskfornamesMakesureyouproperlyintroduceyourself.Askfortheirnamesinapoliteway.38.Thiswillincreasethechancesoftheirrememberingyournameinthefuture.Alwaysremembertostandupwhengreetingsomeoneandbesuretointroducethemtoanyoneyou'rewith.●39Togetthemostoutofyourdiscussion,trytofindsomethingcommonbetweenthetwoofyou.40.Apersonwillfeelmorecomfortablewithsomeonetheycanrelateto（產(chǎn)生共鳴）.A.Makegoodconversation.B.Repeatthenameanduseitlaterinconversation.C.Asageneralrule,plantoarriveabout30minutesearly.D.Itcouldbeasimilartasteinclothesoracommonhobby.E.Usebodylanguage.F.However,don'thaveyourlefthandinyourpocketbecausethisappearsimpolite.G.You'llbeinserioustroubleifyouleavethemwithabadimpression.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Wewerestandingatthetopofchurchtower."Lookdown,Elsa,"Fathersaid.Igatheredallmy41andlookeddown.Isawthesquareinthecenterofthevillage.AndIsawthecrisscross（十字形）oftwisting,turningstreets42tothesquare."See,mydear,"Fathersaidgently."Thereismorethanonewaytothe43Lifeislikethat.Ifyoucan'tgettotheplacewhereyouwanttogobyoneroad,try44."IntheyearsthatfollowedIoftenrememberedthe45Fathertaughtme.IknewwhereIwantedto46inlife.Iwantedtobefashiondesigner.ButonthewaytomyfirstsmallsuccessIfoundtheroad47.ThatyearIwasbusygettingreadytoshowmywinterfashions.Thenjust13daysbeforethe48thesewinggirlswerecalledoutonstrike.Ifoundmyself49withonetailorandwomanwhowasinchargeofthesewingroom!Iwasasgloomyasmymodelsandsalesgirls."We'llnever50it,"oneofthemcried.Here,Ithought,isthe51ofalltestsforFather'sadvice.Whereistheway52thistime?Iwonderedandworried.Iwascertainwewouldhaveto53thepresentationorelseshowtheclothesunfinished.Thenit54tome.Whynotshowtheunfinishedclothes?Weworkedhurriedly.And,exactly13dayslater,right55time,theSchiaparellishowing56.Whatashowingitwas!Somecoatshadnosleeves;othershadonlyone.Manyofourclotheswerestillina（n）57stage.Theywereonlypatternsmadeofheavycottoncloth.Butonthesewe58simplepicturesandpiecesofmaterial.Allinall,theshowingwasdifferent.Itwassodifferentthatitwasagreatsuccess.Our59showingcaughttheattentionofthepublic,and60fortheclothespouredin.Father'swisewordshasguidedme.Thereismorethanonewaytothesquarealways.41.A.information B.interest C.courage D.savings42.A.coming B.leading C.getting D.falling43.A.city B.square C.church D.village44.A.another B.other C.this D.that45.A.text B.material C.lesson D.class46.A.rest B.go C.come D.relax47.A.taken B.paved C.followed D.blocked48.A.competition B.ceremony C.introduction D.presentation49.A.left B.tired C.burdened D.connected50.A.have B.make C.lose D.hit51.A.text B.test C.tip D.example52.A.in B.up C.out D.round53.A.bringdown B.bringforward C.callup D.calloff54.A.objected B.belonged C.happened D.occurred55.A.in B.over C.on D.behind56.A.tookon B.tookoff C.tookdown D.tookplace57.A.mature B.early C.beautiful D.late58.A.took B.drew C.collected D.pinned59.A.normal B.common C.beautiful D.unusual60.A.designs B.orders C.patterns D.changes第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。IfLiZiqihadn'tstartedtomakevideos,shemighthavebeenacommonvillagegirl61（make）alivingthroughhiringherselfoutatalocalfactory.Yet,Li62（shoot）tofameaftershereleasedshortvideosrecordingher63（peace）lifestyleinChina'scountryside.Sincethen,Li64（amaze）netizenswithwhatshecando.Nothingseemsimpossiblewithherhands,65cancreatewonderfulthings.Therevival（復興）ofanidealChinesecountrylifeis66thebeautyofhervideoslies.Intheidealrurallife,peoplehadamateriallyandpsychologicallycontentedlifethroughfarming,whilealsohavingenoughsparetime67hobbies.Alongwithfamealsocomescontroversy（爭議）.Thereare68（debate）onwhetherLimakesthevideosbyherself.Inresponse,shesaidinitiallyshedidallthework69（independent）butlateronsheworkedwithateam.Despite,thecontroversy,itisthecharmofthetraditionalculture70（convey）inLi'svideosthatappealstoherglobalaudience.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處；每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。IoftenquarrelwithmymotheroverifIcanwatchTVafterschool.Sheheldtheviewthatseniorthreestudentshavetomakefullyuseofeveryminutetoworkhardattheirlessons.ItseemstomethatonceIamallowedtodothat,I'llunabletocontrolmyselfandforgetallaboutmystudy.Shealsothinksitisbadformyeye.ButIreallycan'tacceptherideas.Inmyopinion,watchTVcansetmymindatrestafteraday'shardworks.Besides,itisimportantforustoknowwhathadhappenedathomeandatabroad.Thus,weshouldn'tbeforbiddentowatchTV.第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）2022年5月15日是我國的第32個全國助殘日，但是社會上仍然有歧視殘疾人的現(xiàn)象存在。假如你是校學生會主席李華，請以“關愛殘疾人，從我做起”為題寫封倡議信，呼吁同學們關愛殘疾人。內(nèi)容包括：1.現(xiàn)狀，助殘的必要性；2.如何關愛殘疾人；3.發(fā)出倡議。注意：1.詞數(shù)在80詞左右；題目及開始部分已寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。CaringforDisabledPeopleIsOurDutyDearfellowstudents,The32ndNationalDaytoHelptheDisabledisapproaching.However,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________