2022年廣東省廣州市海珠區(qū)第五中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期第二次段考英語(yǔ)試題

廣州市第五中學(xué)高二級(jí)2021學(xué)年第二學(xué)期第二次段考英語(yǔ)試題第一題：閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）AIdentifythebestcharitiesTherearesomanywaystosupportthecreaturesthatsharethisplanetwithus,andoneofthesimplestwaysistodonatetocharities.Wehavedonearoundupofsometoporganizations.Thesecharitiesarecommittedtotheonlypurposeofmakingournaturalworldabetterplace,andtosupportingtheanimalsthatlivewithinit.DefendersofWildlifeDefendersofWildlifeworkstirelesslybothonthegroundandinthecourtstoprotectandrestorewildlife.TheirworkprimarilyfocusesonNorthAmerica,althoughitdoeshaveafantasticworldwidereach.Theyworkatapolicyleveltoensurethatendangeredanimalsareprotected,butalsoofferpracticaladvicetopeoplewhohavetolivealongsidebears!JaneGoodallFoundationIn1960JaneGoodallventuredintotheforestsofAfricatobeabletoseewildanimalslivingwithouthumandisturbance.ThisdecisionledtothefoundationoftheJaneGoodallFoundation,andpavedthewayforsomeofthemostilluminatingresearchintochimpanzeeswhichareatriskofextinction.Theresearchcontinuestothisday,focusingonthestateoftheforestandthechimpanzeepopulationswhichissharedwithgovernmentsandotherprotectionagencies.DavidSheldrickWildlifeTrustTheDavidSheldrickWildlifeTrustisoneofthemostsuccessfulorphanedelephantrescueandrehabilitationprojectsintheworld.DrDameDaphneSheldrickstartedtheorganizationin1977inmemoryofherlatehusband,thefamousnaturalistDavidSheldrick.Theorganizationfocusesonanti-poachingandendangeredspeciesconservation,aswellasrescuingandhandrearingelephantandrhinoorphans.WorldWildlifeFundTheWWFisprobablythebestknownofalltheorganizations.Itsmissionistoconservenatureandreducethemostpressingthreatstobiodiversity.Thescopeoftheirworkishuge,coveringoceans,forests,wildlife,freshwater,climateandfood.Theysupportsomeofthemostendangeredanimalstoday–giantpandas,tigers,elephants,gorillas,seaturtles,polarbears,rhinosandwhales.Ahugethankstoallofthesetoporganizations.Clickhere!Moreinformation!1.Whichorganizationisfoundedinhonorofascientist?A.JaneGoodallFoundation B.WorldWildlifeFundC.DavidSheldrickWildlifeTrust D.DefendersofWildlife2.Whatdothelistedorganizationshaveincommon?A.Theyofferpracticalsuggestions. B.Theysupportendangeredspecies.C.Theyaimatscientificresearch. D.Theyfocusonhabitatconservation.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Anaturemagazine B.AgeographytextbookC.Ascienceresearch D.Anofficialwebsite【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，都致力于保護(hù)瀕危物種。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DavidSheldrickWildlifeTrust中的“DrDameDaphneSheldrickstartedtheorganizationin1977inmemoryofherlatehusband,thefamousnaturalistDavidSheldrick.(達(dá)芙妮·謝爾德里克博士于1977年創(chuàng)立了這個(gè)組織，以紀(jì)念她已故的丈夫、著名的博物學(xué)家大衛(wèi)·謝爾德里克)”可知，DavidSheldrickWildlifeTrust是為了紀(jì)念一位科學(xué)家而成立的。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DefendersofWildlife中的“Theyworkatapolicyleveltoensurethatendangeredanimalsareprotected,butalsoofferpracticaladvicetopeoplewhohavetolivealongsidebears!(他們?cè)谡邔用嫔瞎ぷ?，以確保瀕危動(dòng)物得到保護(hù)，但也為那些不得不與熊生活在一起的人提供實(shí)用的建議!)”、JaneGoodallFoundation中的“ThisdecisionledtothefoundationoftheJaneGoodallFoundation,andpavedthewayforsomeofthemostilluminatingresearchintochimpanzeeswhichareatriskofextinction.(這一決定促成了珍·古道爾基金會(huì)的成立，并為一些對(duì)瀕臨滅絕的黑猩猩進(jìn)行的最具啟導(dǎo)性的研究鋪平了道路)”、DavidSheldrickWildlifeTrust中的“Theorganizationfocusesonanti-poachingandendangeredspeciesconservation,aswellasrescuingandhandrearingelephantandrhinoorphans.(該組織致力于反偷獵和瀕危物種保護(hù)，以及救助和撫養(yǎng)大象和犀牛孤兒)”和WorldWildlifeFund中的“Theysupportsomeofthemostendangeredanimalstoday–giantpandas,tigers,elephants,gorillas,seaturtles,polarbears,rhinosandwhales.(它們供養(yǎng)著當(dāng)今最瀕危的一些動(dòng)物——大熊貓、老虎、大象、大猩猩、海龜、北極熊、犀牛和鯨魚(yú))”可知，這四個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)共同之處是都致力于保護(hù)瀕危物種。故選B。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Clickhere!Moreinformation!(點(diǎn)擊這里!更多的信息!)”可知，本文出自網(wǎng)站。故選D。BLikesomanyyoungbookishkidsIwrotepoemsandstoriesandfilledpagesofjournalswithdreams.ButeventhoughIadoredwriting,Istillknewthatbeingareal-lifewriterwasadreambothgreatandimpossible.AtdifferenttimesIharbouredthepossibilitythatitmightwork.WhenIwasseventeen,Iwroteastorythatwaspublishedinacollection.Atcollege,Ienteredlocalwritingcompetitionsandhadsuccess.Acoupleoftimes,IwantedtoregisterforacreatingwritingdegreeofferedbyHarvardUniversity,buteachtime,thefearoffailureheldmeback.ThenIunderstoodthedreamwasindeedimpossibleandIgaveupwritingsettingoutonthepathtobecomeateacher.Yearslater,aftermydaughterwasbornanddeepintheintenseworldofanewborn,Ifelturgedtoscribble(草草寫(xiě)下)madly.Then,twoyearslater,lateatnightasIfedmyseconddaughter.Ireadabookwrittenbyoneofmyteachersanditlitmeup.Iwashungrytomakeareaderfeelsomethingasintenselyasshehadmademefeel.Igotintouchwithmyoldteacherandwithherencouragement,Ifinallyregisteredforacreativewritingdegreeandgotactivelyinvolvedinthewritingevents.Ataliteraryevent,Ilistenedtoapanelofwritersandpublisherstalkabouttheneedtobebraveandtakechances.Attheendoftheevent,Itookoneofthosechances,handingmyas-yet-unfinishedmanuscript(手稿)tooneofthepanelists,whotoldmetosendherthefirstthreechaptersviae-mail.Sixmonthslater,IhadmyfirstpublishingcontractandfeltlikeI’dwonthelottery(彩票).Thereareathousanddifferentpathstopublication,mostofthemwithsomerockypatchesbeforethethrillingmomentyouholdyourbookinyourhands.4.Whydidtheauthorquittheideaofbeingawriter?A.Shehadappliedforadegree. B.Shelackedsufficientcourage.C.shebecameknownforastory. D.Shewishedtomakeateacher.5.Whatdidtheauthordecidetodoaftershereadherteacher'sbook?A.Realizethedreamofbeingawriter. B.Makereadersinterestedinthebook.C.Tellusherfeelingabouttheteacher. D.Writeaboutcaringforyoungchildren.6.Whatdidtheliteraryeventbringtotheauthor?A.Acertificateinwriting. B.Atalkwithgoodfriends.C.Aplatformformanuscripts. D.Achanceofpublishingabook.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MyPathtoPublication. B.MyViewsonDreams.C.MyTalentsforWriting. D.MyConversationwithPanelists.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者年輕的時(shí)候想成為一名作家，但由于缺乏勇氣而放棄。在讀了老師的書(shū)之后決定實(shí)現(xiàn)當(dāng)作家的夢(mèng)想，最后終于成功出版了自己的書(shū)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Acoupleoftimes,IwantedtoregisterforacreatingwritingdegreeofferedbyHarvardUniversity,buteachtime,thefearoffailureheldmeback.ThenIunderstoodthedreamwasindeedimpossibleandIgaveupwritingsettingoutonthepathtobecomeateacher.(有幾次，我想申請(qǐng)哈佛大學(xué)頒發(fā)的創(chuàng)作寫(xiě)作學(xué)位，但每一次，對(duì)失敗的恐懼都阻礙了我。后來(lái)我明白這個(gè)夢(mèng)想是不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的，于是我放棄了寫(xiě)作，走上了當(dāng)老師的道路)”可知，作者因缺乏足夠的勇氣放棄了當(dāng)作家的念頭。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ireadabookwrittenbyoneofmyteachersanditlitmeup.Iwashungrytomakeareaderfeelsomethingasintenselyasshehadmademefeel.(我讀了一本我的老師寫(xiě)的書(shū)，它點(diǎn)燃了我的夢(mèng)想。我渴望讓讀者感受到某種強(qiáng)烈的東西，就像她曾經(jīng)讓我感受到的那樣)”可知，作者讀了老師的書(shū)后決定實(shí)現(xiàn)當(dāng)作家的夢(mèng)想。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Attheendoftheevent,Itookoneofthosechances,handingmyas-yet-unfinishedmanuscript(手稿)tooneofthepanelists,whotoldmetosendherthefirstthreechaptersviae-mail.(在活動(dòng)結(jié)束時(shí)，我抓住了其中一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，把我尚未完成的手稿交給了一個(gè)小組成員，她讓我用電子郵件把前三章發(fā)給她)”以及最后一段中“Sixmonthslater,IhadmyfirstpublishingcontractandfeltlikeI'dwonthelottery.(6個(gè)月后，我獲得了自己的第一份發(fā)行合同，感覺(jué)就像中了彩票一樣)”可知，這一文學(xué)活動(dòng)給作者帶來(lái)出版一本書(shū)的機(jī)會(huì)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第一段中“LikesomanyyoungbookishkidsIwrotepoemsandstoriesandfilledpagesofjournalswithdreams.(像許多年輕的書(shū)生一樣，我寫(xiě)詩(shī)、寫(xiě)故事，在日記里寫(xiě)滿了夢(mèng)想)”和最后一段“Sixmonthslater,IhadmyfirstpublishingcontractandfeltlikeI’dwonthelottery(彩票).Thereareathousanddifferentpathstopublication,mostofthemwithsomerockypatchesbeforethethrillingmomentyouholdyourbookinyourhands.(6個(gè)月后，我獲得了自己的第一份發(fā)行合同，感覺(jué)就像中了彩票一樣。有上千種不同的出版途徑，其中大多數(shù)在你把書(shū)拿在手里的激動(dòng)時(shí)刻之前都有一些坎坷)”可知，文章講述了作者年輕時(shí)有當(dāng)作家的夢(mèng)想，經(jīng)過(guò)一路坎坷，最后終于出版了自己的書(shū)。選項(xiàng)A“我的出書(shū)之路”符合主題，適合做標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。CArchitectDiébédoFrancisKéréofBurkinaFasowonthePritzkerPrize,theworld’shighestrecognitioninbuildingdesign.KéréisacitizenofbothBurkinaFasoandGermanyandlivesinBerlin.Hesaidhewasthe“happiestmanonthisplanet”tobecomethe51strecipientofthefamousyearlyprize.Kéréisfamedforbuildingschools,healthcenters,housingandotherpublicspacesacrossAfrica.Hisbuildingscanbefoundinhishomeland,aswellasinBenin,Mali,Kenya,Mozambique,TogoandSudan.Whenhewastwentyin1985,KéréearnedavocationalscholarshiptostudycarpentryinBerlin.Butwhileabsorbedinthepracticalityofroofingandfurnituremaking,healsoattendednightschoolandwasadmittedtoTechnischeUniversit?tBerlin,fromwhichhegraduatedin2004withanadvanceddegreeinarchitecture.HewasstillastudentwhenhedesignedandbuilttheinnovativeGandoPrimarySchool.Unliketraditionalschoolbuildings,whichuseconcrete,Kéré’sinventivedesigncombinedlocalclayandcementtoformbricks.Thematerialhelpskeepthebuildingcoolinahotenvironment.Awide,raisedmetalroofprotectsthebuildingfromrainandhelpsairflow.Kéréinvolvedthelocalcommunitythroughoutthedesignandbuildingoftheschool.Thenumberofstudentsattheschoolincreasedfrom120to700.KéréisthefirstAfricantobehonoredwiththePritzker.InhisnativeBurkinaFaso,citizenscelebratedthewin.NebilaAristideBazie,headoftheBurkinaFasoarchitects’council,saidtheaward“highlightstheAfricanarchitectandthepeopleofBurkinaFaso.”“Heknows,fromwithin,thatarchitectureisnotabouttheobjectbuttheobjective;nottheproduct,buttheprocess,”saysthe2022JuryCitation(評(píng)審辭),inpart.“FrancisKéré’sentirebodyofworkshowsusthepowerofmaterialityrootedinplace.Hisbuildings,forandwithcommunities,aredirectlyofthosecommunities-intheirmaking,theirmaterials,theirprogramsandtheiruniquecharacters.”8.WhatcanweknowaboutKéréfromthetext?A.Hegotadegreeinarchitecturein1986.B.ManyofhisbuildingscanbefoundinBerlin.C.HeishighlypopularinhisnativeBurkinaFaso.D.HeisthefirstGermanwinnerofthePritzkerPrize.9.WhydoesKéréusebricksmadeoflocalclayandcement?A.Tokeepthebuildingcoolinhotweather.B.Tomakethebuildingstronger.C.Toprotectthebuildingfromrain.D.Toensurebetterindoorairflow.10.WhatdidNebilaprobablythinkofKéré’swinningthePritzkerPrize?A.Touchingandimpressive.B.Amazingandunexpected.C.Deservingandfortunate.D.Excitingandinspiring.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.ThereasonsforawardingKéréthePritzkerPrize.B.Kéré’sconceptsofarchitectureinAfrica.C.Kéré’sdiversestylesofAfricanbuildings.D.TherealpurposeofKéré’swholeworks.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。2022年建筑界的最高榮譽(yù)獎(jiǎng)普利茲克獎(jiǎng)迎來(lái)了它的首位非洲獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)撸篋iébédoFrancisKéré，他是該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的第51位獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)??！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“InhisnativeBurkinaFaso,citizenscelebratedthewin.NebilaAristideBazie,headoftheBurkinaFasoarchitects’council,saidtheaward‘highlightstheAfricanarchitectandthepeopleofBurkinaFaso.’(在他的祖國(guó)布基納法索，民眾慶祝勝利。布基納法索建筑師委員會(huì)主席NebilaAristideBazie表示，該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)‘突出了非洲建筑師和布基納法索人民’)”可知，Kéré在布基納法索非常受歡迎。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Thematerialhelpskeepthebuildingcoolinahotenvironment.(這種材料有助于使建筑在炎熱的環(huán)境中保持涼爽)”可知，Kéré使用當(dāng)?shù)氐酿ね梁退嘀瞥傻拇u塊做建筑材料主要是可以在炎熱的天氣下保持涼爽。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“NebilaAristideBazie,headoftheBurkinaFasoarchitects’council,saidtheaward‘highlightstheAfricanarchitectandthepeopleofBurkinaFaso.’(布基納法索建筑師委員會(huì)主席NebilaAristideBazie表示，該獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)‘突出了非洲建筑師和布基納法索人民’)”可知，Nebila認(rèn)為Kéré的獲獎(jiǎng)給非洲的建筑師帶來(lái)了自信和鼓舞，同時(shí)給當(dāng)?shù)厝藗儙?lái)了自豪感。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Heknows,fromwithin,thatarchitectureisnotabouttheobjectbuttheobjective;nottheproduct,buttheprocess(他從內(nèi)心知道，建筑不是關(guān)于物體，而是關(guān)于目標(biāo)；不是產(chǎn)品，而是過(guò)程)”及“FrancisKéré’sentirebodyofworkshowsusthepowerofmaterialityrootedinplace.Hisbuildings,forandwithcommunities,aredirectlyofthosecommunities-intheirmaking,theirmaterials,theirprogramsandtheiruniquecharacters.(FrancisKéré的整個(gè)工作向我們展示了根植于地方的物質(zhì)的力量。他的建筑，為社區(qū)而建，與社區(qū)一起建，都是直接與社區(qū)相關(guān)的——在建筑、材料、項(xiàng)目和獨(dú)特的個(gè)性上都是如此)”可知，本段主要分享的是評(píng)審委員會(huì)給出Kéré能獲獎(jiǎng)的理由。故選A項(xiàng)。DWithroundsofpioneeringspaceflightsthatcouldsetthestageforfuturespacetourism,itisworthlookingatwhatmightbeinvolvedforthehumanexplorationofMars,thoughit'slikelydecadesaway.Technologicalchallengesaside,aswecontinuetoexpandourexplorationofMars,thereisaquestion:Whatmightbethelessonsofpastvoyagesofdiscoverythatweshouldthinkabout?Humanexplorationhasledtomanyextraordinarynewdiscoveries,butithasalsoledtotheexploitationofresources.NotlongafterearlyEuropeansettlersarrivedatAmerica,theydeclaredtheirindependenceandcreatedtheconstitutionbywhichmodernAmericansocietyfunctions.However,thisdidnotpreventthesettlersfromreferringtonativepeopleassavagesandtakingawaytheirrightstoliberty,happiness,andevensurvival.NativeAmericanswerequicklykilledbywarsandnewdiseasesasthenewsettlersexpandedtheirland.Thenaturalenvironment,withwhichtheyhadestablishedaharmoniousrelationship,wassimilarlydestroyedbythesettlement.Marscertainlyhasanimpossibleenvironmentforhumanlife,butonMars,humanswillbetheinvasivespecies.WillourlandingonmarsbreaktheecosystemonMars?ItispossiblethatMarshasidealmineralsforfuturedevelopment.Butapartfromtechnologychallenges,willthemininghaveadisastrousenvironmentimpactonthisredneighbourasithasalreadyhadonEarth?Theachievementsofspaceexplorationarecertainlytobeapplauded.Thecontributionsoftherelatedresearchesonchemistry,medicineandmanyothersarepotentiallylimitless.However,aswelooktoexploringworldsbeyondourown,weneedtobeginnowtolookathistorytoconsiderhowbesttoengagewithdifferentlifeforms,culturesandenvironments.Wemaybecapableofwritingalaw,butwefirstneedtoclearourpotentialinvasiveimpactonanotherplanetthatmaybecompletelydefenseless.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph2referto?A.ModernAmericansociety. B.Thecreationofconstitution.C.ThesettlementofEuropeans. D.Theexploitationofresources.13.What'stheauthor’sconcernabouttheexplorationofMars?A.HumanscannotsurviveonMars.B.HumansmaybringnewdiseasestoMars.C.TheexplorationmaydestroyMars'ecosystem.D.TechnologychallengeswillmakeminingonMarshard.14.What'stheauthor’ssuggestionforfuturespaceexploring?A.Makingrelevantlawsproperly. B.Conductingmorescientificresearches.C.Predictingitsimpactsonotherplanets. D.Learningfrompastexplorationexperiences.15.Whichcolumnisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Opinion. B.History. C.Technology. D.Environment.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了人類(lèi)的探索帶來(lái)了許多非凡的新發(fā)現(xiàn)，但它也導(dǎo)致了資源的開(kāi)發(fā)，對(duì)此作者認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該從過(guò)去的發(fā)現(xiàn)之旅中吸取教訓(xùn)，考慮對(duì)火星的探索會(huì)破壞火星生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的問(wèn)題?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“NotlongafterearlyEuropeansettlersarrivedatAmerica,theydeclaredtheirindependenceandcreatedtheconstitutionbywhichmodernAmericansocietyfunctions.(早期的歐洲殖民者到達(dá)美洲后不久，他們宣布獨(dú)立，并制定了現(xiàn)代美國(guó)社會(huì)運(yùn)行所依據(jù)的憲法)”以及劃線詞后文“didnotpreventthesettlersfromreferringtonativepeopleassavagesandtakingawaytheirrightstoliberty,happiness,andevensurvival”可知，雖然早期的歐洲殖民者到達(dá)美洲，制定了憲法，但是憲法的制定并不能阻止定居者將土著人稱(chēng)為野蠻人，并剝奪他們的自由、幸福甚至生存的權(quán)利。this指的是“憲法的制定”。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Butapartfromtechnologychallenges,willthemininghaveadisastrousenvironmentimpactonthisredneighbourasithasalreadyhadonEarth?(但是除了技術(shù)上的挑戰(zhàn)，采礦是否會(huì)對(duì)這個(gè)紅色鄰居造成災(zāi)難性的環(huán)境影響，就像它在地球上已經(jīng)造成的那樣？)”可知，作者對(duì)火星探索的關(guān)注是探索可能會(huì)破壞火星的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Technologicalchallengesaside,aswecontinuetoexpandourexplorationofMars,thereisaquestion:Whatmightbethelessonsofpastvoyagesofdiscoverythatweshouldthinkabout?(撇開(kāi)技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)不談，隨著我們繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大對(duì)火星的探索，還有一個(gè)問(wèn)題：我們應(yīng)該從過(guò)去的發(fā)現(xiàn)之旅中吸取什么教訓(xùn)？)”以及最后一段中“However,aswelooktoexploringworldsbeyondourown,weneedtobeginnowtolookathistorytoconsiderhowbesttoengagewithdifferentlifeforms,culturesandenvironments.(然而，當(dāng)我們著眼于探索我們自己以外的世界時(shí)，我們需要從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始審視歷史，考慮如何最好地融入不同的生命形式、文化和環(huán)境)”可知，作者建議未來(lái)的太空探索借鑒以往的探索經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Withroundsofpioneeringspaceflightsthatcouldsetthestageforfuturespacetourism,itisworthlookingatwhatmightbeinvolvedforthehumanexplorationofMars,thoughit'slikelydecadesaway.Technologicalchallengesaside,aswecontinuetoexpandourexplorationofMars,thereisaquestion:Whatmightbethelessonsofpastvoyagesofdiscoverythatweshouldthinkabout?(隨著幾輪開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的太空飛行為未來(lái)的太空旅游奠定了基礎(chǔ)，我們有必要看看人類(lèi)對(duì)火星的探索可能涉及到什么，盡管這可能需要幾十年的時(shí)間。撇開(kāi)技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)不談，隨著我們繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大對(duì)火星的探索，還有一個(gè)問(wèn)題：我們應(yīng)該從過(guò)去的發(fā)現(xiàn)之旅中吸取什么教訓(xùn)？)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了人類(lèi)的探索帶來(lái)了許多非凡的新發(fā)現(xiàn)，但它也導(dǎo)致了資源的開(kāi)發(fā)，對(duì)此作者認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該從過(guò)去的發(fā)現(xiàn)之旅中吸取教訓(xùn)，考慮對(duì)火星的探索會(huì)破壞火星生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的問(wèn)題?？赏浦@篇文章最可能來(lái)自“觀點(diǎn)”一欄。故選A。第二題：七選五（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）You’regoingalong,producingandfeelingcreative,butsuddenly,yourunoutofideas.You’restuck.Maybeit’sinhowyoupresentyourproductsandservicestoyourpotentialclients,ormaybeit’stheproductsandservicesthemselves.___16___Sometimesstressandanxietycangetinthewayofcreativity.Andwhenyougetevenmorestressedbecauseyoucan’tcomeupwithnewideas,youmaketheblockevenstronger.Now’sthetimetorelaxandreduceyourstress.Tryyoga,orgetsomeexercise.___17___Whateverittakes.Sometimesittakesjustalittlebitofstressreliefbeforeyousuddenlygettheoldcreativejuicesflowingagain.Sometimesthebestthingyoucandotobecomecreativeagainistowalkaway.___18___Sowalkaway.Takesometimeoffandenjoylife.Letyourbraintakearestfromtryingtofigureitallout,andexperiencesomethingnew.Youmaycomebackwithawealthofnewideas.___19___Whatarepeopleinyourfieldtalkingabout?Whatarethebiggesttopicsandthemostsignificantconcernsforyourpotentialclients?Findingoutwhattheseissuesarecanstimulateyoutothinkofyourbusiness,yourproducts,yourservices,andyourpresentationinanewway.Ideascanhityouatanytime,inanyplace.Youneverknowwhereyou’llgetafantasticidea,andyoudon’twanttotakechancesonforgettingsomethingfantastic.Ikeepapocket-sizedMoleskinenotebookwithmeatalltimessoIcanjotdownideasatamoment’snotice.IoccasionallyhavetopullmycaroveronthesideoftheroadforamomenttowritedownanarticletitleoranewproductIwanttocreate.___20___Therefore,thebestcourseofactionisalwaystobeprepared.A.Keepyourowncreativityflowing.B.Staringattheproblemwon’thelpyou.C.Hey,iffootballisyourthing,godothat.D.Creativitycanhitwhenyouleastexpectit.E.Sometimesit’sassimpleaslookingatyourownindustry.F.Eitherway,youareinneedofhelpsoastogetoutoftheblock.G.We’veallhadmomentswhenwefeelabandonedbyourcreativity.【答案】16.F17.C18.B19.E20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。如果你突然間感到新的想法枯竭了,沒(méi)有了靈感,那你應(yīng)該怎么辦呢?本文所提供的一些方法會(huì)對(duì)你大有裨益。【16題詳解】空格前“You’regoingalong,producingandfeelingcreative,butsuddenly,yourunoutofideas.You’restuck.Maybeit’sinhowyoupresentyourproductsandservicestoyourpotentialclients,ormaybeit’stheproductsandservicesthemselves.(你在前進(jìn)，產(chǎn)出，感覺(jué)有創(chuàng)造力，但突然間，你沒(méi)有了想法。你是被卡住了。也許它是你向潛在客戶展示你的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的方式，或者是產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)本身問(wèn)題。)”說(shuō)明你被卡住，沒(méi)有了靈感，并列舉了兩種情況，選項(xiàng)F中的“eitherway”回指空前的內(nèi)容,即無(wú)論是你卡在了向潛在客戶展示產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的方式的過(guò)程中,還是卡在了產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)本身的問(wèn)題上,你都需要幫助從卡殼中擺脫出來(lái)。故選F?！?7題詳解】空前“Now’sthetimetorelaxandreduceyourstress.Tryyoga,orgetsomeexercise.(現(xiàn)在是放松和減輕壓力的時(shí)候了。試試瑜伽，或者做些運(yùn)動(dòng)。)”提出“該到放松和減輕壓力的時(shí)候了”,選項(xiàng)C與前文“Tryyoga,orgetsomeexercise.”并列，列舉鍛煉方式，練習(xí)瑜伽,做些運(yùn)動(dòng)或去踢足球。故選C。【18題詳解】本段第一句“Sometimesthebestthingyoucandotobecomecreativeagainistowalkaway.(有時(shí)候，你能做的最好的事情是重新變得有創(chuàng)造力，那就是走出去。)”交待該段主旨——走出你的創(chuàng)意常規(guī)。選項(xiàng)B的意思是“盯著問(wèn)題看幫不了你”符合語(yǔ)境,空后提出了幾種你應(yīng)該去做的事情,言外之意,既然沒(méi)有新的創(chuàng)意想法了,干脆就停下來(lái)去休息,去享受生活。故選B?！?9題詳解】空后一句中出現(xiàn)的“yourfield”與選項(xiàng)E里的“yourownindustry”表意相同。根據(jù)空后語(yǔ)境所闡述的內(nèi)容“Whatarepeopleinyourfieldtalkingabout?Whatarethebiggesttopicsandthemostsignificantconcernsforyourpotentialclients?Findingoutwhattheseissuesarecanstimulateyoutothinkofyourbusiness,yourproducts,yourservices,andyourpresentationinanewway.(你所在領(lǐng)域的人都在談?wù)撔┦裁矗繉?duì)你的潛在客戶來(lái)說(shuō)，最大的話題和最重要的關(guān)注點(diǎn)是什么？找出這些問(wèn)題可以刺激你以新的方式思考你的業(yè)務(wù)、你的產(chǎn)品、你的服務(wù)和你的演講。)”可知,本段主要交待的是“有時(shí)候，它就像看看你自己所在的行業(yè)一樣簡(jiǎn)單。”故選E?！?0題詳解】選項(xiàng)D“創(chuàng)造力可以在你最想不到的時(shí)候發(fā)揮?！迸c后一句“Therefore,thebestcourseofactionisalwaystobeprepared.(因此，最好的行動(dòng)方針總是要做好準(zhǔn)備。)”有邏輯上因果關(guān)系,符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。第三題：完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）Asanathlete,I’vealwaysworkedhardtopushmmyselftomylimits.Andwiththatusuallycomesome____21____andpains.SolastyearwhenIstartedtofeelsomemusclesoreness(酸痛)aftera____22____physicalexercise,atfirstIdidn’tthinkitwasabigdeal.Iwas____23____foramarathonatthetime,soovertheweekendI’ddonea20-kilormete____24____.ThefollowingTuesdayIhitmyfavouritegymtodoaworkoutthat____25____alotofupperbodyweightlifting.My____26____toldmetotakeiteasyonmybody,butI____27____I’dbefineandpoweredthroughit.Afterward,mycoachnoticeda____28____swellinginmyarmandsaidhewasworried.Itriedtobrushhimoffbuthe____29____Idrinkalotofwaterandcheckinwithhiminafewhours.Sureenough,bythatafternoontheswellinghad____30____andIheadedtothedoctor.Istillthoughthewasmakingamountainoutofamolehill,butI____31____mycoachsoIdidit.Thedoctortookacloselookattheswellinganddiagnosedmewithrhabdomyolysis(橫紋肌溶解癥),a____32____conditionwheremuscleoverusecauseskidneyfailure.Astheygavemesomemedicinetohelp____33____thetoxins(毒素),mydoctortoldmethatwewouldhavebeenhavingthisdiscussionintheemergencyroomifI’d____34____evenanother30minutes.Thingsweretouch-and-goovertheweekendbutImadeafull____35____.ThankfullyIhadagreatcoachIcouldtrust-hesavedmylife!21.A.sorrows B.aches C.coughs D.faults22.A.tough B.normal C.harmful D.limited23.A.working B.applying C.searching D.training24.A.walk B.swim C.run D.drive25.A.recorded B.matched C.arranged D.involved26.A.doctor B.coach C.teachers D.colleagues27.A.doubted B.wondered C.realized D.figured28.A.deadly B.frightening C.slight D.different29.A.insisted B.begged C.resolved D.ordered30.A.flattened B.emerged C.increased D.broken31.A.trusted B.refused C.tricked D.supported32.A.distinguishing B.mind-destroying C.embarrassing D.life-threatening33.A.putaway B.clearout C.giveaway D.bringout;34.A.slept B.wandered C.waited D.saved35.A.recovery B.preparation C.contribution D.assessment【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.D26.B27.D28.C29.A30.C31.A32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇記敘文。講述了作者在鍛煉時(shí)，教練注意到了作者身體出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題，但作者并不在意。教練建議他去看醫(yī)生，結(jié)果去檢查時(shí)，醫(yī)生告訴他，這是一種威脅生命的病。作者慶幸教練發(fā)現(xiàn)并建議他去看醫(yī)生，慶幸自己有一個(gè)好教練。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨之而來(lái)的通常是疼痛和痛苦。A.sorrows悲傷；B.aches疼痛；C.coughs咳嗽；D.faults錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)空后“andpains”可知，空處需用名詞aches，表示疼痛和痛苦。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，去年當(dāng)我在一次艱苦的體育鍛煉后開(kāi)始感到肌肉酸痛時(shí)，起初我并不認(rèn)為這有什么大不了的。A.tough艱苦的；B.normal正常的；C.harmful有害的；D.limited有限的。由前文“Istartedtofeelsomemusclesoreness(酸痛)”可知，應(yīng)該是經(jīng)過(guò)艱苦的體育鍛煉后，肌肉才會(huì)感到酸痛。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)我正在為馬拉松訓(xùn)練，所以周末的時(shí)候我跑了20公里。A.working工作；B.applying申請(qǐng)；C.searching尋找；D.training訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)后文“amarathonatthetime”可知，作者為了參加馬拉松比賽而訓(xùn)練。故選D。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)時(shí)我正在為馬拉松訓(xùn)練，所以周末的時(shí)候我跑了20公里。A.walk行走；B.swim游泳；C.run跑步；D.drive開(kāi)車(chē)旅行。因?yàn)橐獮閰⒓玉R拉松訓(xùn)練，所以作者周末跑了20公里。故選C。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：接下來(lái)周二，我去了我最喜歡的健身房，做了一項(xiàng)涉及大量上半身舉重的鍛煉。A.recorded記錄；B.matched匹配；C.arranged安排；D.involved涉及。根據(jù)空后“alotofupperbodyweightlifting.”可知，此處指涉及上半身的鍛煉。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的教練告訴我要對(duì)我的身體放松，但我認(rèn)為我會(huì)沒(méi)事的，并努力克服它。A.doctor醫(yī)生；B.coach教練；C.teachers老師；D.colleagues同事。根據(jù)前文描述和“Afterward,mycoach”可知，作者在為參加馬拉松訓(xùn)練，所以此處指教練讓作者放松點(diǎn)。故選B。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的教練告訴我要對(duì)我的身體放松，但我認(rèn)為我會(huì)沒(méi)事的，并努力克服它。A.doubted懷疑；B.wondered想知道；C.realized意識(shí)到；D.figured認(rèn)為。由前半句描述可知，作者教練讓作者放輕松，此處是作者表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)，需用動(dòng)詞figure。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：后來(lái)，我的教練注意到我的手臂有輕微的腫脹，他說(shuō)他很擔(dān)心。A.deadly致命的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.slight輕微的；D.different不同的。根據(jù)后文“bythatafternoontheswellinghad…andIheadedtothedoctor.”可知，手臂開(kāi)始的腫脹不嚴(yán)重，后來(lái)嚴(yán)重了才去看醫(yī)生的。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒(méi)理睬他，但他堅(jiān)持要我喝很多水，并在幾個(gè)小時(shí)后與他聯(lián)系。A.insisted堅(jiān)持；B.begged乞求；C.resolved決定；D.ordered命令。根據(jù)空前“Itriedtobrushhimoff”可知，作者對(duì)教練的擔(dān)心沒(méi)有理睬，由此可知，此處需用動(dòng)詞insist表示教練，堅(jiān)持讓作者多喝水，并幾小時(shí)后和他聯(lián)系。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：果然，到那天下午，腫脹加劇了，我去看醫(yī)生。A.flattened變平；B.emerged出現(xiàn)；C.increased增加；D.broken打破。根據(jù)空后“Iheadedtothedoctor.”可知，因?yàn)槟[脹加劇了，所以去看醫(yī)生了。故選C。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我仍然認(rèn)為他是小題大做，但我信任我的教練，所以按他說(shuō)的做了。A.trusted信任；B.refused拒絕；C.tricked欺騙；D.supported支持。根據(jù)后文“soIdidit”和“ThankfullyIhadagreatcoachIcouldtrust”可知，作者因?yàn)橄嘈沤叹毜脑挘タ瘁t(yī)生了。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生仔細(xì)檢查了我的腫脹，診斷出我患有橫紋肌溶解癥，這是一種威脅生命的疾病，肌肉過(guò)度使用會(huì)導(dǎo)致腎衰竭。A.distinguishing有區(qū)別的；B.mind-destroying摧殘意志的；C.embarrassing令人尷尬的；D.life-threatening威脅生命的。根據(jù)后文“wheremuscleoverusecauseskidneyfailure.”可知，因?yàn)闀?huì)導(dǎo)致腎衰竭，由此可知，這種情況是威脅生命的。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們給我開(kāi)了一些幫助清除毒素的藥時(shí)，我的醫(yī)生告訴我，如果我再等30分鐘的話，我們就會(huì)在急診室討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題了。A.putaway收起；B.clearout清理；C.giveaway捐贈(zèng)；D.bringout生產(chǎn)，出版，使顯現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“thetoxins(毒素),”可知，醫(yī)生給作者開(kāi)了一些藥幫忙清理身體的毒素。故選B。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們給我開(kāi)了一些幫助清除毒素的藥時(shí)，我的醫(yī)生告訴我，如果我再等30分鐘的話，我們就會(huì)在急診室討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題了。A.slept睡覺(jué)；B.wandered閑逛；C.waited等待；D.saved挽救。由本段第一句描述可知，因?yàn)檫@種病威脅生命，所以如果作者再等30分鐘來(lái)的話，就可能在急癥室了。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：周末的時(shí)候情況吉兇未卜，但我現(xiàn)在完全康復(fù)了。A.recovery恢復(fù)；B.preparation準(zhǔn)備；C.contribution貢獻(xiàn)；D.assessment評(píng)估。根據(jù)文章最后一句“ThankfullyIhadagreatcoachIcouldtrust-hesavedmylife!”可知，因?yàn)槁?tīng)了信任的教練的話，及時(shí)就醫(yī)，作者完全康復(fù)了。故選A。第四題：語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Fromancienttimestothepresent,QinghaiLakeiscalled"bluesea"becauseofthenaturalbeautyreflectedonit.Astothearea,itisthe___36___(large)inlandandsaltwaterlakeinChina.Shapedlikeanellipse(橢圓),QinghaiLakereaches28.71matthedeepestpointbut___37___(average)19moverall.Duetothehighaltitude,itsweatherisverycool,___38___iswhyitisoftenselectedasasummerresort(旅游勝地).QinghaiLakepresents___39___asareallygoodplacefortravelersanditoffersyear-round___40___(please).Manypreferwhenitisagreenandlivelyworld.Manybirds___41___(attract)tothisbeautifullake,resultinginthisplace___42___(be)akingdomforbirds'watchers.EveryyearinJuly,QinghaiLakeiscentraltothepopularbicycleracingandcyclingarounditis___43___greatwaytoenjoythescenery.Whenthecoldwintercomes,