Welcome+Unit+Discovering+Useful+Structures高中英語人教版（2019）第一冊

MembersofaSentenceDiscoveringusefulstructures名詞（noun）詞類（PartsofSpeech）冠詞（article）代詞（pronoun）數(shù)詞（numeral）形容詞（adjective）感嘆詞(interjection)副詞(adverb)動詞（verb）介詞(preposition)連詞（conjunction）Whatisasentence？翻譯并指出其語言單位名稱1.aheavyrain

2.intheclass3.abirdflyinginthesky

一場大雨名詞短語在教室

介詞短語一只飛在空中的鳥名詞短語4.mentallyandphysicallyhealthy5.seeafilm6.Mr.Liwillvisityouat2:00p.

m.7.Standup！

身心健康形容詞短語看電影動詞短語李先生下午兩點會來拜訪你。句子站起來！

句子Conclusion

一個主謂結構就是一個句子。通常，主語和謂語是句子必不可少的兩個組成部分，祈使句可省略主語。1.Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.2.WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.3.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.4.Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.名詞代詞不定式短語(todo)動名詞（V-ing)主語（subject）/status/4242498094243684?sourceType=qq&from=1085295010&wm=20005_0002&featurecode=newtitle

subject5.Therichshouldhelpthepoor.6.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.7.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.名詞化的形容詞主語從句it為形式主語主語（subject）總結：主語可由名詞、代詞、不定式短語、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞、主語從句和以it為形式主語。謂語（verb）Childrenlikeplayinggames.2.Theyweretalkingaboutanewfilm.說明主語“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么樣”。通常由動詞或動詞短語結合時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣等充當。vi./vt.賓語（object）賓語表示動作的對象或承受者，一般位于及物動詞或介詞后面。object1.Theywenttoseeanexhibitionyesterday.2.Theheavyrainpreventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime.3.-Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?-Ihavefive.4.Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.名詞代詞數(shù)詞名詞化的形容詞object5.Hepretendednottoseeme.6.Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.7.Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.不定式短語(todo)動名詞（V-ing）從句提示：

雙賓語（間賓+直賓）e.g.:Lendmeyourdictionary,please.To/Forgivesbsthgivesthtosbbuysbsthbuysthforsboffersbsthoffersthtosbsupplysbwithsthprovidesbwithsthsupplysthtosbprovidesthforsb賓語（object）Sumup:賓語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞化的形容詞、不定式短語、動名詞、從句等表示。補語（complement）用來補充說明主語或者賓語。賓補（Objectcomplement)1.HisfathernamedhimDaming.2.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.3.Letthefreshairin.4.Youshouldn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.名詞形容詞副詞不定式賓補5.Wesawherenteringtheroom.6.Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.7.Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.現(xiàn)在分詞介詞短語名詞性從句做補語賓補可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式短語、現(xiàn)在分詞、介詞短語、從句來擔當。某些及物動詞，eg:make+賓語+賓補補語賓補adj.WenamethedogObama.n.Itmademehappy.

非謂語動詞(doing/todo/done)Sheorderedmetoread.Hemademecry.Icaughthimsmoking.Hefoundhishandstiedtothetreewhenhewokeup.

介詞短語Ikeeptheroominorder.

句子用不帶to的不定式作賓補的動詞：四看：see,watch,notice,observe（find，catch，spot）三讓：make,have,let二聽：hear,listento一覺：feel賓補表語（predicative）用來表示主語的特征、狀態(tài)、身份等，一般位于系動詞之后，e.g.be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等之后。表語（predicative）用來表示主語的特征、狀態(tài)、身份等，一般位于系動詞之后，e.g.be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等之后。predicative1.OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.2.Isityours?3.Theweatherhasturnedcold.4.Thespeechisexciting.名詞代詞形容詞動名詞5.HisjobistoteachEnglish.6.Themachinemustbeoutoforder.3.Timeisup.Theclassisover.4.Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.不定式介詞短語副詞從句總結：表語常由名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動名詞、不定式、從句來充當，它常位于系動詞（be,become,appear,seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等詞）之后。Linkingverbs(系動詞)狀態(tài)類變化類beseem;appearprove;turnoutlook;sound;smell;taste;feelbecome;turn;grow;go;get;come;fallremain;keep;stay;stand感覺類保持類主語（subject）句子基本成分賓語（object）定語（attribute）狀語(adverbial)表語（predicative）謂語（predicate）補語（complement）SentencereadingThebabyiscrying.Iwrotealetteryesterday.Thedishtastesdelicious.Hegavemeadictionary.MsYangasksustobehappyEnglishlearners.SentenceanalysisThebabyiscrying.主語謂語

主謂句式（S+Vi.）SentenceanalysisIwrotealetteryesterday.主語謂語賓語

主謂賓句式（S+Vt.+O+A）狀語Sentenceanalysis主語系動詞表語

主系表句式（S+LV+P）Thedishtastesdelicious.Sentenceanalysis主語謂語賓語主謂雙賓語句式（S+V+O1+O2）Hegavemeadictionary.賓語Sentenceanalysis主語謂語賓語

主謂賓補句式（S+V+O+C）補語MsYangasksustobe...learners.Conclusion1.主謂句式（S+Vi.）2.主謂賓句式（S+Vt.+O）3.主系表句式（S+LV+P）4.主謂雙賓語句式（S+V+O1+O2）5.主謂