2024屆福建省泉州市高中畢業(yè)班下學(xué)期質(zhì)量監(jiān)測（三）英語試卷（解析版）

保密★啟用前泉州市2024屆高中畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(三)高三英語2024.03(試卷滿分：150分，考試時(shí)間：120分鐘)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生須在試題卷、答題卡規(guī)定的位置填寫自己的準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名?？忌鷳?yīng)認(rèn)真核對答題卡上粘貼的條形碼的“準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名”與考生本人準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名是否一致。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束，考生須將試題卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whattimeisitnow?A.6:30.B.7:30.C.8:30.2.Whoistheman?A.Astudiodesigner.B.Anoilpainter.C.Anexhibitionhost.3.Howwasthefinalmatch?A.Boring.B.Tense.C.One-sided.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theircareerplans.B.Theirfavouriteteachers.C.Theirdreamuniversities.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Husbandandwife.C.Brotherandsister.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdidthemandoonSaturday?AHedrovearoundforfun.B.Helabouredinhisyard.C.Heboughtsomeuseditems.7.Whohasgotasilverring?A.John.B.Alice.C.David.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whyisthemanmakingthephonecall?A.Tomakeareservation.B.Totrackabooking.C.Toinvitethewoman.9.Howmuchshouldthegrouppayforthevisit?A.$10.B.$20.C.$40.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.WhydoesJohncometoProfessorSmith?A.Toaskforherhelp.B.Tohandinhisdesign.C.Toapplyforacompetition.11.Whatisthefocusofthisyear’scompetition?A.Energyconservation.B.Conventionalwisdom.C.Innovativethinking.12.WhatmadeJohnchoosethedishwasher?A.Itsuniquelook.B.Itsmarketvalue.C.Itsconvenience.13.WhatinspiredJohn’sdesign?A.Beaches.B.Rockpools.C.Glass.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whataretheflowersfor?A.Abirthdayparty.B.Anawardpresentation.C.Agraduationceremony.15.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Arriveasearlyaspossible.B.Takepicturesofhissister.C.ShakehandswiththePresident.16.WhatisVeronica’splanaftergraduation?A.Tofocusongraduatestudies.B.Tolandapart-timejob.C.Tocontinuestudypart-time.17.WhatdothespeakersthinkofVeronica?A.Sheisworkaholic.B.Sheisinfluential.C.Sheisambitious.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Anintroductiontoavoluntaryjob.B.Anappealforblooddonation.C.Safetyrulesofdrivingmotorbikes.19.HowmanyadvancedqualifiedridersdoestheAssociationhave?A.262.B.1,400.C.35,000.20.WhatcausedAngelaBrowntostartthevolunteering?A.Hercoach’sinfluence.B.Suggestionsfromhernephew.C.Hercommunity’sencouragement.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATeachingEnglishasaSecondLanguage(TESL)Forthisprogram,you’llneedtoapplytotheFacultyofEducationofMcGillUniversity.OverviewThisenrichingprogram(BachelorofEducation,orB.Ed.)willprepareyoutobecomeaspecialisteducatorofEnglishasaSecondLanguage(ESL)atboththeelementaryandsecondaryschoollevels.Youwillgraduatewiththetheoreticalandpracticalexperiencenecessaryinyourfuturecareer.ProgramRequirementsThisprogramrequires120creditsandleadstoteachercertification.Studentsnormallycomplete30creditsintheirFreshman(U0)year.InconsultationwiththeProgramAdviser,studentsmayselectcoursesfromtherecommendedcourselistorothercourses.CoursesAsaTESLstudent,youcantakecourseslike:EDEM220-ContemporaryIssuesinEducation(3credits)EDFE209-FirstFieldExperience(TESL)(2credits)EDFE359-ThirdFieldExperience(TESL)(8credits)EDFE459-FourthFieldExperience(TESL)(7credits)Tolearnmoreaboutthecoursesclickhere.CareersOnceyoucompletethisundergraduatedegree,youwillbequalifiedtoteachinESLinelementaryandsecondaryschoolsorworkinoccupationsthatfocusoneducation,communityprogramming,educationaltechnology,curriculum(課程)development,andadministration.Youcouldbecomeaprofessional:ESLTeacher,ElementaryorSecondarySchoolAdultLiteracyInstructorEducationalTechnologyDeveloperCurriculumSpecialistAnnualfeesfor(CAN$)30creditsfor2023-2024TuitionFee(學(xué)費(fèi))25484.70CopyrightFee32.70Society&OtherFees591.58InformationTechnologyCharge279.60StudentServices/Athletics&Recreation715.82SSMUDentalInsurance*150.00Registration/Transcripts&Diploma/GeneralAdministrativeCharges393.98InternationalHealthInsurance*951.00TotalFees:28599.38*SSMUDentalInsuranceandInternationalHealthInsurancechargedonceayear1.Whichcourseprovidesthehighestcreditscore?A.EDEM220. B.EDFE209. C.EDFE359. D.EDFE459.2.Howmuchshouldafreshmanpayforthetuition?A.CAN$849.49. B.CAN$3114.68. C.CAN$25484.70. D.CAN$28599.38.3.Whocanbethemostpotentialapplicantofthisprogram?A.AstudentseekingforadegreeinKindergartenEducation.B.AstudentexpectingtoteachEnglishinprimaryschool.C.Astudenthopingforacareerasahealthinstructor.D.Astudentplanningtospecialiseinscienceexploration.【答案】1.C2.C3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了TESL課程的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格Courses部分中“EDFE359-ThirdFieldExperience(TESL)(8credits)”可知，該課程有8個(gè)學(xué)分，為最高的學(xué)分，故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格“Annualfeesfor(CAN$)30creditsfor2023-2024(2023-2024年30學(xué)分的年費(fèi)（加元）)”部分中“TuitionFee(學(xué)費(fèi))25484.70(學(xué)費(fèi)25484.70)”可知，大一新生需支付25484.70加元的學(xué)費(fèi)，故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格Careers部分中“Onceyoucompletethisundergraduatedegree,youwillbequalifiedtoteachinESLinelementaryandsecondaryschoolsorworkinoccupationsthatfocusoneducation,communityprogramming,educationaltechnology,curriculum(課程)development,andadministration.(一旦你完成這個(gè)本科學(xué)位，你將有資格在小學(xué)和中學(xué)教授ESL，或者在教育、社區(qū)規(guī)劃、教育技術(shù)、課程開發(fā)和管理方面工作)”和“Youcouldbecomeaprofessional:ESLTeacher,ElementaryorSecondarySchool(你可以成為一名專業(yè)人士：小學(xué)或中學(xué)ESL教師)”可知，期望在小學(xué)教英語的學(xué)生最有可能會申請?jiān)撜n程，故選B。BBruceCampbell,aretiredelectricalengineer,wantedtochangethebehaviorofmankindbyshowinghowwecanrecycleoldthingsintonewandpracticalandlivableones.Forabout$220,000,hepurchasedaGreekairliner—aBoeing727-400—thatloggedabout40,000flightsinitspeak.BeforeCampbellgothishandsonhisBoeing727andtransformeditintotheairplanehomehelivesin,thisaircraftsawregularuseasittransportedallkindsofpeopletoallsortsofdestinations.Afterthesuccessfultransform,hehostedabigDJdancepartywithacoupleoffriends.Theparty,calledTurbulence:ADancePartyata727intheWoods,happenedrightonthewing!Guestswhoattendedthepartyalsogottheopportunitytotakealookattheairplanehome.Overall,theygottheattentionof14,000Facebookuserswhowereinterestedinwhatsoundedlikeanincredibleparty.Thistalentedengineergotanotherairlinerandstartedonhissecondairplanehomeduringthebeginningof2018ontheKyushuIslandcoastbecausehewantedittoserveasasafeplaceforthelocalcommunityaswellPartofBruceCampbell’svisionwastomakeanairlinerthatdoubledasalifeboatincasetsunami(海嘯)threatswereissued.Hewantedthegeneralpublictofindoutthatplanesarecapableofsurvivinghundredsofyearsandthecruelestweatherconditionsthankstoitssealedpressuretechnology.Campbelladoredtheexcitementthathereceivedwhenherecycledairplanesandhopedthatpeoplewouldseriouslyconsideritaftertheygotthechancetoseehishomeduringtoursandevents.Hehaspostedonhiswebsitethatitishisgoalto“inspirearenaissance(復(fù)興)ofthoughtabouthowtoemploythisremarkableresource”.4.WhatdrewwidepublicattentiontoCampbell’sfirsttransformedplane?A.Itshighresidentialcomfortlevel. B.Itsremarkabletransportingcapacity.C.Theincrediblyhightransformationcost. D.TheFacebookpostofapartyheldonit.5.WhatdidCampbellthinkthesecondplanecouldserveas?A.Atsunamiwarningcenter. B.Ameetingplaceforlocalcommunity.C.Atemporaryshelterindisasters. D.Anengineeringworkshop.6.WhydidCampbelltransformtheplanes?A.Todirectattentiontohousingproblems. B.Tosatisfyhisscientificcuriosity.C.Toadvocateagreenerlifestyle. D.Tocallforparticipationinrecycling.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Aformerengineerturningretiredplanesintohome.B.Recenttrendsofrenaissance-themeddecoration.C.Atalentedhomedesignerreceivingonlinefame.D.Diverseapproachesforsustainableliving.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要介紹了一位退休的電氣工程師BruceCampbell把舊飛機(jī)改造成家的故事。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterthesuccessfultransform,hehostedabigDJdancepartywithacoupleoffriends.Theparty,calledTurbulence:ADancePartyata727intheWoods,happenedrightonthewing!Guestswhoattendedthepartyalsogottheopportunitytotakealookattheairplanehome.Overall,theygottheattentionof14,000Facebookuserswhowereinterestedinwhatsoundedlikeanincredibleparty.(改造成功后，他和幾個(gè)朋友舉辦了一場大型DJ舞會。這場名為ADancePartyata727intheWoods的派對就發(fā)生在機(jī)翼上！參加派對的客人也有機(jī)會看到飛機(jī)回家?？偟膩碚f，他們得到了1.4萬名Facebook用戶的關(guān)注，他們對這場聽起來不可思議的派對感興趣。)”可知，F(xiàn)acebook上舉辦派對的帖子吸引了公眾對Campbell第一架改裝飛機(jī)的廣泛關(guān)注，故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thistalentedengineergotanotherairlinerandstartedonhissecondairplanehomeduringthebeginningof2018ontheKyushuIslandcoastbecausehewantedittoserveasasafeplaceforthelocalcommunityaswell.PartofBruceCampbell’svisionwastomakeanairlinerthatdoubledasalifeboatincasetsunami(海嘯)threatswereissued.(這位才華橫溢的工程師在2018年初在九州島海岸買了另一架飛機(jī)，開始了他的第二架飛機(jī)之家，因?yàn)樗Ｍ材艹蔀楫?dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的一個(gè)安全的地方。BruceCampbell的部分設(shè)想是制造一架客機(jī)，在海嘯威脅發(fā)出時(shí)，它可以兼作救生艇。)”可知，Campbell認(rèn)為第二架飛機(jī)可以用作災(zāi)難中的臨時(shí)避難所，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“BruceCampbell,aretiredelectricalengineer,wantedtochangethebehaviorofmankindbyshowinghowwecanrecycleoldthingsintonewandpractical-andlivableones.(BruceCampbell是一位退休的電氣工程師，他想通過展示我們?nèi)绾伟雅f的東西回收利用成新的、實(shí)用的、宜居的東西來改變?nèi)祟惖男袨椤?”和最后一段“Campbelladoredtheexcitementthathereceivedwhenherecycledairplanesandhopedthatpeoplewouldseriouslyconsideritaftertheygotthechancetoseehishomeduringtoursandevents.Hehaspostedonhiswebsitethatitishisgoalto‘inspirearenaissance(復(fù)興)ofthoughtabouthowtoemploythisremarkableresource’.(Campbell很喜歡回收飛機(jī)所帶來的興奮感，他希望人們在參觀和活動期間有機(jī)會看到他的家后，會認(rèn)真考慮這件事。他在自己的網(wǎng)站上表示，他的目標(biāo)是‘激發(fā)人們對如何利用這一非凡資源的思考復(fù)興’。)”可知，Campbell改造飛機(jī)是為了呼吁市民參與循環(huán)再造。故選D。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段“BruceCampbell,aretiredelectricalengineer,wantedtochangethebehaviorofmankindbyshowinghowwecanrecycleoldthingsintonewandpractical-andlivableones.(BruceCampbell是一位退休電氣工程師，他想通過展示我們?nèi)绾伟雅f的東西回收利用成新的、實(shí)用的、宜居的東西來改變?nèi)祟惖男袨椤?”可知，文章主要介紹了一位退休的電氣工程師BruceCampbell把舊飛機(jī)改造成家的故事，A項(xiàng)“一位前工程師把退役的飛機(jī)變成了家”能夠總結(jié)文章大意，故選A。CFivetimesstrongerthansteel,spidersilk’suniquequalitieswererecognisedbytheAncientGreeks-andmorerecently,scientistshavelookedatapplicationsfrommedicinetoengineering.Now,oneJapanesestartup,Spiber,isexploringhowspiderwebscouldtransformtheclothingindustry.Thebiotechcompanystartedbymakingaspider-silk-likematerialinthelabandhassinceexpandeditsfabricrangetoincludemoresustainablealternativestowoolandcashmere,saysKenjiHigashi,headofbusinessdevelopmentatSpiber.Spiderscreatewebsbygivingoutliquidproteinthatwilllaterchangeintosilk.KazuhideSekiyamaandJunichiSugahara,Spiber’sfounders,decidedtocreateamaterialthatisidenticaltospidersilk.Theystudied“thousandsofdifferentspiderspecies,”aswellasothersilk-producingspecies,andcollectedadatabaseofsilkvarieties.Havingsuccessfullyproducedthespidersilkalternative,theteamwentontodeveloparangeoffabricsbychangingtheproteinorder.Spiber’sfibersaremadebyfermenting(發(fā)酵)water,sugarandnutrientswithspeciallymodifiedmicrobes(改良微生物)insteeltankstoproduceproteinpolymerstobemadeintoafiber.Later,theteamdiscoveredthatthespidersilkalternativeshrinks(收縮)whenwet,sotheymodifiedtheproteintogetafiberwithdesirableproperties,suchaswaterproofandincreasedstrength,whichissuitableforanoutdoorjacket.Fashionisoneofthemostpollutingindustriesintheworld.Itproducesaround2.1billionmetrictonsofCO2everyyear.HigashisaysSpiber’sbiodegradableproductsarepredictedtogeneratejustone-fifthofthecarbonemissionsofanimal-basedfibersoncetheyareinmassproduction.Anditisnowdevelopingaprocessthatwilltransformabandonedclothesmadefromnaturalmaterialslikecottonintothesugarsneededforfermentation.Currentlytryingtoexpanditsproductionandgettingreadyforafullcommerciallaunchofitsproducts,Spiberhopesitstechnologywillhelpto“solvesomeofthebigglobalchallengesthatwe’refacing,”saysHigashi.8.WhatisaprimarypurposeofSpiber’sresearchinthelab?A.Todevelopnewapplicationsofspidersilk. B.Toinventareplacementforspidersilk.C.Totransformthestructureofspidersilk. D.Tostudysilk-producingspiderspecies.9.Howdidtheteamaddresstheshrinkingproblem?A.Byadaptingtheprotein. B.Bydiversifyingmicrobes.C.Bywettingthefiber. D.Bylengtheningfermentingtime.10.WhatcanbestdescribeSpiber’sproducts?A.Fancyandstylish. B.Costlyyetprofitable.C.Strongandsustainable. D.Lightweightyetresource-consuming.11.Whatarethelasttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.ThepracticalapplicationofSpiber’sproducts. B.TheenvironmentalvalueofSpiber’sproducts.C.ThetechnicalchallengesofSpiber’sproducts. D.ThepotentialmarketsofSpiber’sproducts.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了日本初創(chuàng)公司Spiberi正在研究如何利用蜘蛛網(wǎng)改變服裝行業(yè)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Now,oneJapanesestartup,Spiber,isexploringhowspiderwebscouldtransformtheclothingindustry.Thebiotechcompanystartedbymakingaspider-silk-likematerialinthelabandhassinceexpandeditsfabricrangetoincludemoresustainablealternativestowoolandcashmere,saysKenjiHigashi,headofbusinessdevelopmentatSpiber.（現(xiàn)在，一家名為Spiber的日本初創(chuàng)公司正在探索蜘蛛網(wǎng)如何改變服裝行業(yè)。這家生物技術(shù)公司最初是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里制造一種類似蜘蛛絲的材料，后來擴(kuò)大了面料范圍，加入了羊毛和羊絨以外更可持續(xù)的替代品，Spiber的業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展主管KenjiHigashi說。）”可知，Spiber實(shí)驗(yàn)室正在探索蜘蛛網(wǎng)如何改變服裝行業(yè)。在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里制造一種類似蜘蛛絲的材料，后來擴(kuò)大了面料范圍，加入了羊毛和羊絨以外更可持續(xù)的替代品，可知，研究的主要目的是發(fā)明蜘蛛絲的替代品。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Later,theteamdiscoveredthatthespidersilkalternativeshrinks(收縮)whenwet,sotheymodifiedtheproteintogetafiberwithdesirableproperties,suchaswaterproofandincreasedstrength,whichissuitableforanoutdoorjacket.（后來，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，蜘蛛絲替代品在受濕時(shí)會收縮，因此他們對這種蛋白質(zhì)進(jìn)行了改性，得到了一種具有理想性能的纖維，比如防水和增強(qiáng)的強(qiáng)度，適用于戶外夾克。）”可知，在發(fā)現(xiàn)蜘蛛絲替代品受濕時(shí)會收縮，研究小組對這種蛋白質(zhì)進(jìn)行了改性，即調(diào)整了蛋白質(zhì)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Later,theteamdiscoveredthatthespidersilkalternativeshrinks(收縮)whenwet,sotheymodifiedtheproteintogetafiberwithdesirableproperties,suchaswaterproofandincreasedstrength,whichissuitableforanoutdoorjacket.（后來，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，蜘蛛絲替代品在受濕時(shí)會收縮，因此他們對這種蛋白質(zhì)進(jìn)行了改性，得到了一種具有理想性能的纖維，比如防水和增強(qiáng)的強(qiáng)度，適用于戶外夾克。）”可知，在研究小組對蛋白質(zhì)改性后，得到了一種具有理想性能的纖維，比如防水和增強(qiáng)的強(qiáng)度。即Spiber產(chǎn)品的強(qiáng)度高；倒數(shù)第二段中“HigashisaysSpiber’sbiodegradableproductsarepredictedtogeneratejustone-fifthofthecarbonemissionsofanimal-basedfibersoncetheyareinmassproduction.Anditisnowdevelopingaprocessthatwilltransformabandonedclothesmadefromnaturalmaterialslikecottonintothesugarsneededforfermentation.（Higashi說，Spiber的可生物降解產(chǎn)品一旦大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)，預(yù)計(jì)產(chǎn)生的碳排放量僅為動物纖維的五分之一。該公司目前正在開發(fā)一種工藝，將廢棄的棉花等天然材料制成的衣服轉(zhuǎn)化為發(fā)酵所需的糖。）”可知，在Higashi看來，Spiber的可生物降解產(chǎn)品一旦大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)，預(yù)計(jì)產(chǎn)生的碳排放量僅為動物纖維的五分之一?？赏浦?，Spiber產(chǎn)品是環(huán)保的，即可持續(xù)的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后兩段“ Fashionisoneofthemostpollutingindustriesintheworld.Itproducesaround2.1billionmetrictonsofCO2

everyyear.HigashisaysSpiber’sbiodegradableproductsarepredictedtogeneratejustone-fifthofthecarbonemissionsofanimal-basedfibersoncetheyareinmassproduction.Anditisnowdevelopingaprocessthatwilltransformabandonedclothesmadefromnaturalmaterialslikecottonintothesugarsneededforfermentation.Currentlytryingtoexpanditsproductionandgettingreadyforafullcommerciallaunchofitsproducts,Spiberhopesitstechnologywillhelpto“solvesomeofthebigglobalchallengesthatwe’refacing,”saysHigashi.（時(shí)裝業(yè)是世界上污染最嚴(yán)重的行業(yè)之一。它每年產(chǎn)生大約21億噸二氧化碳。Higashi說，Spiber的可生物降解產(chǎn)品一旦大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)，預(yù)計(jì)產(chǎn)生的碳排放量僅為動物纖維的五分之一。該公司目前正在開發(fā)一種工藝，將廢棄的棉花等天然材料制成的衣服轉(zhuǎn)化為發(fā)酵所需的糖。目前，Spiber正在努力擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)，并為其產(chǎn)品的全面商業(yè)發(fā)布做好準(zhǔn)備，Higashi說，Spiber希望其技術(shù)能夠幫助“解決我們面臨的一些重大全球挑戰(zhàn)。”）”提到了Spiber的可生物降解產(chǎn)品一旦大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)，預(yù)計(jì)產(chǎn)生的碳排放量僅為動物纖維的五分之一。說明其產(chǎn)品的出現(xiàn)將會化解時(shí)裝業(yè)帶給環(huán)境的污染問題。同時(shí)，Higashi說，Spiber希望其技術(shù)能夠幫助“解決我們面臨的一些重大全球挑戰(zhàn)。”可推知，兩段內(nèi)容重在強(qiáng)調(diào)Spiber的可生物降解產(chǎn)品的環(huán)境價(jià)值。故選B項(xiàng)。DAnewstudyon26chimpanzees(黑猩猩)fromzoosaroundtheworldfoundthatchimpanzeescanrecognisefamilymembersandlonglostfriendsevenafterdecadesofseparation.Theparticipatingchimpanzeesweregivenjuicewhilestaringatascreenflashingsidebysidephotosofotherchimps.Oneanimalfromeachpairofphotoshadlivedwiththegroupforatleastayear,whiletheotherwasastranger.Aneye-trackingcamerarecordedwheretheparticipantswerelookingandforhowlong.Datashowedtheireyesrestedlongeronfamiliargroupmates,suggesting“richrecognitionofeachother.”Thereisalsoevidencethattheybecamemoreintentwhenshownapictureofachimpanzeewithwhomthey’dhadmorepositiveinteractions,comparedwithconflictingrelationships.Inthemostimpressivecase,a46-year-oldchimpanzeenamedLouiserepeatedlydemonstrated“intense”attentionuponseeingphotographsofhersisterLorettaandnephewErin,whomshehadn’tseeninmorethan26years.TheteamsaidLouise’sresultsrepresentthelongest-lastingsocialmemorydocumentedinanynon-humananimaltodate.“Wetendtoseeourselvesasuniquespecialcreatureswithincredibleintellectual(智力的)capacitiesthatareverydifferentfromotheranimalsonearth,”saidLauraSimoneLewis,apostdoctoralfellowinBerkeley’spsychologydepartmentandleadauthorofthestudy.“Thisstudyisshowingushowsimilarwearetochimpanzees.”Shenotedthatthefindingssupportthetheorythatlong-termsocialmemoryinhumansandmoderndaychimpshascomefrom“ourlastcommonancestorthatlivedsomewherebetween5to7millionyearsago”whoalsolikelyhadlong-termsocialmemory.Nowthattheyhavedefinitiveevidencethattheseendangeredspeciespossesslong-termsocialmemories,researchershavemorequestions,includingwhetherchimpanzeesmisstheindividualsthey’renolongerwith,especiallytheirfriendsandfamily.“Ourstudydoesn’tdeterminetheyaredoingthis,butitraisesquestionsaboutthepossibilitythattheymayhavetheabilitytodoso,”Lewissaid.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thenatureofchimps. B.Themethodofthestudy.C.Theanalysisoftherecordeddata. D.Thelayoutofexperimentalequipment.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intent”inparagraph3mean?A.Attentive. B.Doubtful. C.Hesitant. D.Emotional.14.WhyistheexampleofLouiseinparagraph4mentioned?A.Tostresschimpsareasintelligentashumanbeings.B.Toexplainwherechimps’socialmemorycomesfrom.C.Tobetterdemonstratethechimps’memorylength.D.Tofurtherprovetheexistenceofchimps’socialmemory.15.Whatwilltheresearchteammostprobablycontinuetoexplore?A.Whetherchimpsfeelstrongemotionstotheirlonglostfriends.B.Howtostrengthenchimps’long-termsocialmemories.C.Howchimpsrecognisedtheirclosecontactsafterlongseparation.D.Whychimpspossesstheamazingsocialmemories.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，來自世界各地的動物園的26只黑猩猩可以在分開數(shù)十年后仍然認(rèn)出家庭成員和久違的朋友。研究人員表示，這些結(jié)果支持了長期社會記憶在人類和現(xiàn)代黑猩猩中的理論，這可能來自于我們在500萬年到700萬年前的共同祖先?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Theparticipatingchimpanzeesweregivenjuicewhilestaringatascreenflashingsidebysidephotosofotherchimps.Oneanimalfromeachpairofphotoshadlivedwiththegroupforatleastayear,whiletheotherwasastranger.Aneye-trackingcamerarecordedwheretheparticipantswerelookingandforhowlong.Datashowedtheireyesrestedlongeronfamiliargroupmates,suggesting“richrecognitionofeachother.(參與實(shí)驗(yàn)的黑猩猩一邊喝果汁，一邊盯著屏幕，屏幕上并排閃現(xiàn)著其他黑猩猩的照片。每對照片中的一只動物與這群動物一起生活了至少一年，而另一只則是陌生人。眼球追蹤攝像機(jī)記錄了參與者看的地方和看了多久。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，它們的目光停留在熟悉的同伴身上的時(shí)間更長，這表明“彼此之間有豐富的認(rèn)同感”)”可知，本段主要介紹了實(shí)驗(yàn)的具體方法。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Inthemostimpressivecase,a46-year-oldchimpanzeenamedLouiserepeatedlydemonstrated“intense”attentionuponseeingphotographsofhersisterLorettaandnephewErin,whomshehadn’tseeninmorethan26years.(在最令人印象深刻的案例中，一只名叫路易絲的46歲黑猩猩在看到她的妹妹洛麗塔和侄子艾琳的照片時(shí)反復(fù)表現(xiàn)出“強(qiáng)烈”的關(guān)注，她已經(jīng)26年沒有見過他們了)”以及劃線詞所在句“theybecamemore

intentwhenshownapictureofachimpanzeewithwhomthey’dhadmorepositiveinteractions,

comparedwithconflictingrelationships（當(dāng)它們看到與他們有過更多積極互動的黑猩猩的照片時(shí)，與沖突關(guān)系相比，他們變得更加intent)”可知，當(dāng)46歲黑猩猩在看到她的妹妹洛麗塔和侄子艾琳的照片時(shí)反復(fù)表現(xiàn)出“強(qiáng)烈”的關(guān)注，這里妹妹洛麗塔和侄子艾琳與46歲黑猩猩為親屬，不存在沖突關(guān)系，所以46歲黑猩猩看到親人時(shí)是專注的，可推測劃線詞的含義為“專注的”，與attentive意義相近。故選A項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“TheteamsaidLouise’sresultsrepresentthelongest-lastingsocialmemorydocumentedinanynon-humananimaltodate.(研究小組表示，路易斯的結(jié)果代表了迄今為止在任何非人類動物中記錄的持續(xù)時(shí)間最長的社會記憶)”可知，路易斯的結(jié)果代表了迄今為止在任何非人類動物中記錄的持續(xù)時(shí)間最長的社會記憶。因而，此處提到路易斯的例子是為了進(jìn)一步證明黑猩猩的社會記憶是存在的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“researchershavemorequestions,includingwhetherchimpanzeesmisstheindividualsthey’renolongerwith,especiallytheirfriendsandfamily.“Ourstudydoesn’tdeterminetheyaredoingthis,butitraisesquestionsaboutthepossibilitythattheymayhavetheabilitytodoso,”Lewissaid.(研究人員還有更多的問題，包括黑猩猩是否會想念它們不再在一起的個(gè)體，尤其是它們的朋友和家人。劉易斯說：“我們的研究并沒有確定它們是否在這樣做，但它提出了一個(gè)問題，即它們是否有能力這樣做?！?”可知，研究小組最后可能繼續(xù)探索黑猩猩是否對失散多年的朋友有強(qiáng)烈的感情。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Nappingduringthedayisanancientcustomthatispracticedworldwide.Shortnaps,whichlastfrom20to30minutesattherighttime,canbenefitvitalityandoverallhealthincountlessways.Shortnapscanboostmentalfunctioningandmemory,aswellasimprovevitality,attentionandreactiontime.___16___Becausenappingseemstoimprovecreativethinking,somecompanieshaveattemptedtointroducenappingrooms.What’smore,itappearsthebrainusesnaptimetoprocessinformationgatheredthroughouttheday.___17___Astudyrevealedthatshortnapsalsohelpedpeoplebecomemoreconfidentandsensible,whichresultedinbetterfocusandefficiencyatwork.Nappingmayalsoleadtoanimprovedabilitytolearnnewskills,suchasagolfswing.Thisisbecausethesememoriesorskillsarestrengthenedinthebrainduringsleep.___18___Studiesshowthatmoreconsistentsleepwillhelplower“fightorflight”chemicalsinourbodies.Asaresult,ourbloodpressureandheartratesarenormalized.Nappingappearstohelpthisprocessforsomepeople.___19___Oneconditionassociatedwithnappinglongerthan30minutesissleepinertia(睡后遲鈍).Thiscanharmcognitivefunctionfromseveralminutesuptohalfanhour.Longorlateafternoonnapscanleadtodifficultiesfallingasleepduringthenight.___20___So,tomaximizebenefitswhilereducingrisks,pleasekeepnapsshortintheearlyafternoontoavoidsleepinertiaandnighttimesleepdisruptions.A.Butnappingcancomewithdrawbacksaswell.B.Thereasonforthisphenomenonismostlyunknown.C.Therefore,thatappearstoenhanceproblem-solvingabilities.D.Shortnapsarealsolinkedtoincreasedproductivityandcreativity.E.Nappingcanalsobeassociatedwithareducedriskofheartdiseases.F.Nappingshouldnotserveasanalternativeforenoughnighttimerest.G.Besides,forthoseaged60andup,longernapsmayincreasetheriskforheartdiseases.【答案】16.D17.C18.E19.A20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了適當(dāng)?shù)奈缢暮锰幖伴L時(shí)間午睡的壞處?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Shortnapscanboostmentalfunctioningandmemory,aswellasimprovevitality,attentionandreactiontime.

（短時(shí)間的午睡可以增強(qiáng)精神功能和記憶力，還可以提高活力、注意力和反應(yīng)時(shí)間。）”提到了短時(shí)間午睡帶來的好處。后文“Becausenappingseemstoimprovecreativethinking,somecompanieshaveattemptedtointroducenappingrooms.（因?yàn)槲缢坪蹩梢蕴岣邉?chuàng)造性思維，一些公司已經(jīng)嘗試引入午睡室。）”，主要介紹了午睡對于提高生產(chǎn)力以及創(chuàng)造力的好處。所以空處應(yīng)承接前文，繼續(xù)講述午睡的好處。選項(xiàng)D.“Shortnapsarealsolinkedtoincreasedproductivityandcreativity.（午睡一會兒還能提高工作效率和創(chuàng)造力。）”選項(xiàng)中“also”一詞，表示了繼續(xù)講述午睡的好處，符合題意，故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“What’smore,itappearsthebrainusesnaptimetoprocessinformationgatheredthroughouttheday.

（更重要的是，大腦似乎利用午睡時(shí)間來處理一整天收集到的信息。）”介紹了午睡帶給大腦的益處：大腦能利用此段時(shí)間來處理信息。所以空處應(yīng)該陳述大腦這樣做帶來的結(jié)果是什么。選項(xiàng)C.“Therefore,thatappearstoenhanceproblem-solvingabilities.（因此，這似乎能提高解決問題的能力。）”提到了結(jié)果是帶來增強(qiáng)解決問題的能力，符合題意，故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Studiesshowthatmoreconsistentsleepwillhelplower“fightorflight”chemicalsinourbodies.Asaresult,ourbloodpressureandheartratesarenormalized.Nappingappearstohelpthisprocessforsomepeople.（研究表明，更穩(wěn)定的睡眠有助于降低我們體內(nèi)“戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑”的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。因此，我們的血壓和心率是正常的。對一些人來說，午睡似乎有助于這個(gè)過程。）”提到了午睡對血壓和心率的好處。因此作為段落的首句，應(yīng)該起總結(jié)描述作用，講述午睡對身體健康包括血壓和心率的好處。選項(xiàng)E.“Nappingcanalsobeassociatedwithareducedriskofheartdiseases.（午睡還可以降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）”符合題意，故選E項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Oneconditionassociatedwithnappinglongerthan30minutesissleepinertia( 睡后遲鈍 ).Thiscanharmcognitivefunctionfromseveralminutesuptohalfanhour.（午睡時(shí)間超過30分鐘的一個(gè)癥狀是睡后遲鈍。這會對認(rèn)知功能造成幾分鐘到半小時(shí)的損害。）”提到了長時(shí)間午睡帶來的害處。所以可推知，空處應(yīng)該介紹午睡的缺點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)A.“Butnappingcancomewithdrawbacksaswell.（但午睡也有缺點(diǎn)。）”符合題意，故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Thiscanharmcognitivefunctionfromseveralminutesuptohalfanhour.Longorlateafternoonnapscanleadtodifficultiesfallingasleepduringthenight.（這會對認(rèn)知功能造成幾分鐘到半小時(shí)的損害。午睡時(shí)間過長或時(shí)間過晚會導(dǎo)致夜間難以入睡。）”介紹了午睡時(shí)間長的壞處，因此，作為段落的結(jié)尾，應(yīng)承接前文，講述午睡的壞處。選項(xiàng)G.“Besides,forthoseaged60andup,longernapsmayincreasetheriskforheartdiseases.（此外，對于60歲及以上的人來說，午睡時(shí)間過長可能會增加患心臟病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。）”提到了午睡時(shí)間長帶給老人的危害，符合題意，故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GrannyfellillbeforeValentine’sDay.Shehadto___21___ourplannedzootrip,whichshehadbeen___22___.“Remembertosayhitothemonkeysforme,”Granny___23___usupbeforeweleft.Wedidgoandhavefun,butIkept___24___Grannycouldhavebeenwithus.Texspottedsome___25___andsuggestedtakingapictureinfrontofthem.Whilewesaid,“Cheese,”Indiaccidentallysaid,“HappyValentine’sDay,Granny!”Thisslipofthetongue(舌頭)remindedme.I___26___takingpicturesofdifferentanimalsand___27___themintoazoovalentineforGranny.Everyonelovedthat.Athome,we___28___outtheprintedpicturesonthetable.Sinceitwas___29___tofitsomanypicturesontoaheart-shapedcard,we___30___tocreateawholebunchofvalentines,eachcardrepresentingananimal.___31___,ourprintdidn’thavecolorink,sowe___32___theblack-and-whitepictureswithmarkersandmadespeechballoonsfortheanimals.Whenw