2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit3ScienceandnatureSectionⅥLanguagepointsⅢProject教案含解析牛津譯林版必修5

PAGE1-SectionⅥLanguagepoints(Ⅲ)(Project)Ⅰ.單詞拼法依據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示，寫出下列單詞。1．Thisposes(引起)athreattoagriculture(農(nóng)業(yè))andthefoodchain，andconsequentlytohumanhealth.2．Theyown200acres(英畝)offarmland.3．Insert(插入)ourfingersbetweenthelayersandpressthemapart.4．First，theydamagethelandbykillingthehelpfulbacteriaandpests(害蟲)aswellastheharmfulones.5．Whowasresponsibleforthedisappearanceoftherainforest(雨林)?6．SinceImovedtoLondonlastyear，Ihavebeenworkinginanallnightfast-foodchain．7．Thecaptainsailedhisshipthroughthenarrowchannel.8．Besides，wearejuststudents，andwehavenoincomesofourown.9．Twoofhistory'sworstnaturalcatastrophesoccurredin1970.10．Chinaisacountryrichinnaturalresources．Ⅱ.拓展詞匯依據(jù)詞性和漢語(yǔ)提示，寫出下列單詞。1．a(chǎn)griculturen．農(nóng)業(yè)→agriculturaladj.農(nóng)業(yè)的2．favourn．贊同，支持；恩惠，幫助；偏愛(ài)，偏袒→favourableadj.有利的，有幫助的，贊同的3．frightenvt.使驚嚇，使驚恐→frightenedadj.膽怯 的→frighteningadj.令人膽怯 的4．profitn．利潤(rùn)，利益vi.&vt.獲益；對(duì)……有用→profitableadj.有益的，有用的；有利可圖的5．permitv．許可n．許可證→permissionn．準(zhǔn)許，許可，批準(zhǔn)eq\a\vs4\al([尋規(guī)律、巧記憶](méi))n.＋-en→vt.n./v.＋-able→adj.threat→threaten威逼strength→strengthen加強(qiáng)length→lengthen延長(zhǎng)believe→believable可信的break→breakable易碎的comfort→comfortable舒適的Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全短語(yǔ)依據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全下列短語(yǔ)。1．infavourof 贊同，支持2．pointofview 觀點(diǎn)3．meetone'sneeds 滿意某人的需求4．a(chǎn)tafastpace 以很快的速度5．begoodfor 對(duì)……有益6．beblamedfor 因……而受責(zé)怪7．defend...against... 愛(ài)護(hù)……免受……Ⅳ.選詞填空選用上述短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空。1．Chinaisrapidlydevelopingatafastpace．2．Earlytobedandearlytoriseisgoodforhealth.3．Mostpeoplepresentareinfavouroftheprojectandfewareagainstit.4．Hewasblamedforhisfailureinthefinalexambyhisparents.5．Theplanistotallyunpracticalfrommypointofview．eq\a\vs4\al([尋規(guī)律、巧記憶](méi))prep.＋n.＋prep.→介詞短語(yǔ)對(duì)比、記憶infavourof贊同，支持inhonourof紀(jì)念inneedof須要inchargeof掌管protect...against/from...愛(ài)護(hù)……免受……defend...against/from...防衛(wèi)……免受……prevent...from(doing)...阻擋……(做)某事stop...from(doing)...阻擋……(做)某事1．Noteverythingthatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.并非一切對(duì)自然最好的對(duì)人類也是好的。[記句式結(jié)構(gòu)]noteverything表示部分否定。[仿寫促落實(shí)]Theprotectionofourenvironmentisnoteverythingtobelefttothegovernment.愛(ài)護(hù)我們的環(huán)境的事情并不能全部都留給政府。2manydevelopednationsarenowconcernedaboutsavingnatureratherthandevelopingordestroyingit.……很多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家現(xiàn)在關(guān)注挽救自然而不是開發(fā)或破壞自然。[記句式結(jié)構(gòu)]ratherthan連接兩個(gè)并列成分或用于固定搭配中，意為“而不是，而不愿”。[仿寫促落實(shí)]Theyarefocusingonprovidingtheservicesratherthandoingresearch．他們的重點(diǎn)在于供應(yīng)服務(wù)而不是進(jìn)行探討。3makesurethatpeopleenjoyhealthyandhappylives，withouttheenvironmentaroundthemsuffering.……確保人們能享有健康、華蜜的生活，同時(shí)又不損害其周邊的環(huán)境。[記句式結(jié)構(gòu)]“without＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”屬于介詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，表示某種附加的條件、特征或結(jié)果。[仿寫促落實(shí)]Theydebatedforhourswithoutadecisionbeingmade．他們爭(zhēng)論了幾個(gè)小時(shí)，也沒(méi)作出確定。4．Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.轉(zhuǎn)基因食品就是最好的例子。[記句式結(jié)構(gòu)](1)nowhere是否定副詞，放在句首時(shí)引起部分倒裝。(2)否定副詞與比較級(jí)連用表示最高級(jí)的確定意義。[仿寫促落實(shí)]Nowhereistheeffectofgovernmentpolicymoreapparentthaninagriculture.政府的政策對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的影響最為顯著。infavourof贊同，支持(教材P58)Wouldanyonesaythatdevelopmentshouldbestoppedinfavourofnature?莫非我們?yōu)榱藧?ài)護(hù)自然就應(yīng)當(dāng)停止經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展嗎？insb.'sfavour 對(duì)某人有利dosb.afavour/doafavourforsb. 幫某人一個(gè)忙dosb.thefavourtodosth. 幫忙做某事askafavourofsb. 請(qǐng)某人幫忙①Thedecisionwentinhisfavour，whichdelightedhim.這一確定對(duì)他有利，這使他很興奮。②Willyoudomethefavourtoclose(close)thewindow?你能幫忙把窗子關(guān)上嗎？③MayIaskafavourofyou?能不能請(qǐng)你幫個(gè)忙？[名師點(diǎn)津]infavourof是由“介詞in＋名詞＋介詞of”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，此類常用短語(yǔ)還有：①incontrolof限制 ②inpraiseof表?yè)P(yáng)，贊許③inplaceof代替，取代 ④inmemoryof為了紀(jì)念⑤insearchof找尋 ⑥insupportof支持⑦intermsof至于……，就……而言pointofview觀點(diǎn)(教材P58)Fromthepointofviewofsomepeople，weareonlydoingwhathumanshavealwaysdone，usingnaturetomeetourownneeds.依據(jù)有些人的觀點(diǎn)，我們只是在做人類始終在做的事情——利用自然滿意我們自己的需求。(1)eq\O(\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(fromone'spointofview,fromthepointofviewofsb.))\a\vs4\al(依照某人的觀點(diǎn)，,依據(jù)某人的觀點(diǎn)))inone'sview＝intheviewofsb. 依某人看來(lái)inviewof 考慮到；由于(2)view...as 認(rèn)為……是,……①Frommypointofview，thetheorythatwasputforwardbythescientistisnotquitescientific.依我看，那位科學(xué)家提出的理論不是特別科學(xué)。②Inviewoftheweather，wewillcanceltheouting.因天氣關(guān)系，我們要取消此次郊游。③Inmyviewandintheviewofmostpeople，it'saverysoundinvestment.照我和大多數(shù)人的看法，這是很牢靠的投資。④Butnow，manyyoungpeopleviewitasafashionitem.可如今，很多年輕人把它視為一種時(shí)尚單品。[聯(lián)想助記](méi)表示“就某人來(lái)看，某人認(rèn)為”的短語(yǔ)還有：①asfor/tosb.②inone'sopinion③asfarassb.beconcerned④fromone'sstandpointfrightenvt.使驚嚇，使驚恐(教材P59)Whilemanypeopleareexcitedaboutthesenewtechnologies，thesesametechnologiesfrightenothers.盡管很多人因這些新技術(shù)而興奮不已，這些同樣的技術(shù)也使其他人恐驚。(1)frighteno/outofdoingsth. 恐嚇某人做/不做某事frightenaway/off 嚇跑(2)frightn. 恐怖；驚嚇(3)frighteningadj. 令人膽怯 的；嚇人的；可怕的(4)frightenedadj. 受驚的；膽怯 的befrightenedof(doing)sth. 膽怯 (做)……betoofrightenedtodosth. 嚇得不敢做某事①Iwillneverbefrightenedintostayingsilentonthismatter.在這種事情上，我恒久不會(huì)被嚇得保持緘默。②Shewasfrightenedbytheangerinhiseyes.她被他眼中的怒火嚇住了。③Iwasfrightened(frighten)ofbeingleftaloneinthehouse.我膽怯 一個(gè)人待在屋里。④Seeingthefrighteningscene，thegirlwassofrightenedthatshecriedwithfright．(fright)看到這可怕的一幕，女孩特別膽怯 ，以至于嚇哭了。profitn．利潤(rùn)，收益vi.&vt.獲益；對(duì)……有用(教材P59)Researchhasbeenlimitedtoincreasingproductionprofits，ratherthanmakingsurethatGMfoodsaresafe.目前的探討只局限于增加生產(chǎn)利潤(rùn)，而不是確保轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的平安。(1)makeaprofit(on...) (在……上)獲利/賺錢make/earnaprofitof... 獲得……利潤(rùn)gainalotofprofitfrom... 從……上受益匪淺(2)profitfrom/by... 從……中獲利/受益(3)profitableadj. 有益的，有用的；有利可圖的①Inrecentyearsmanyfootballclubshavebeenrunasbusinesstomakeaprofit.近年來(lái)，很多足球俱樂(lè)部都進(jìn)行商業(yè)運(yùn)行，以謀求利潤(rùn)。②Wegainedalotofprofitfromyouradvice.我們從你的建議中受益匪淺。③Weprofitfromtheworkofthespecialist.我們從專家的工作中得到好處。④(2024·江蘇高考·閱讀理解B)Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables，”giventhatthey'reprofitable(profit)．可以得出這樣的結(jié)論：只要有利于盈利，餐館經(jīng)營(yíng)者不會(huì)“過(guò)度擔(dān)憂‘位置不好的’桌子”。[名師點(diǎn)津]profit意為“利潤(rùn)，收益”時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞；意為“好處，得益”時(shí)，是不行數(shù)名詞。permissionn．準(zhǔn)許，許可，批準(zhǔn)(教材P59)SincenoonereallyknowswhetherGMfoodissafe，manycountrieshavehesitatedtogivepermissionfortheproductionofGMfoods，astheywouldratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology.由于沒(méi)有人準(zhǔn)確地知道轉(zhuǎn)基因食品是否平安，很多國(guó)家在是否允許生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品問(wèn)題上遲疑不決，他們寧愿對(duì)這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)持謹(jǐn)慎的看法。(1)withoutpermission 未經(jīng)允許(2)permitvt. 允許n. 許可證permitdoingsth. 允許做某事permitsb.todosth. 允許某人做某事permitofsth. 認(rèn)可，容忍①(2024·北京高考·閱讀理解D)TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.加州機(jī)動(dòng)車管理局將于4月份起先發(fā)放許可證，允許公司在公共道路上測(cè)試真正無(wú)人駕駛的汽車。②Thesituationdoesnotpermitofanydelay.情勢(shì)刻不待時(shí)。③Wearepermittedtohave(have)apicnicbyourparents.父母允許我們?nèi)ヒ安汀＂躎heyenteredtheareawithoutpermission(permit)．他們未經(jīng)許可擅入該地。(教材P58)Noteverythingthatisbestfornatureisgoodforpeople.并非一切對(duì)自然最好的對(duì)人類也是好的。[要點(diǎn)提煉]noteverything表示部分否定。(1)英語(yǔ)中all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，complete，completely，always，whole，wholly，entirely，altogether等具有總括意義的代詞、形容詞或副詞與否定詞not連用時(shí)，構(gòu)成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”的意思。(2)none，nobody，noone，neither，nothing，nowhere等表示全部否定。①Ican'tcatcheverythinginthebook.我不能完全駕馭手中的內(nèi)容。②Notallofusarebusytoday.今日我們并非都忙。③Allisnotgoldthatglitters.(諺語(yǔ))不是全部會(huì)發(fā)光的東西都是金子。④Neitherofthesistersis/arehere.兩姐妹都不在這里。(教材P58)Afterdecadesofdestroyingnatureandusingupnaturalresources，manydevelopednationsarenowconcernedaboutsavingnatureratherthandevelopingordestroyingit.在數(shù)十年破壞自然、過(guò)度消耗自然資源之后，很多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家現(xiàn)在關(guān)注挽救自然而不是開發(fā)或破壞自然。[要點(diǎn)提煉]ratherthan意為“而不是，而沒(méi)有”，后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞原形、介詞短語(yǔ)等。(1)ratherthan連接兩個(gè)并列的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞依據(jù)前面的主語(yǔ)確定。(2)ratherthan之后可以跟不帶to的不定式，有時(shí)也可以接帶to的不定式。其位于句首時(shí)，只能跟不帶to的不定式。(3)eq\O(\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(wouldratherdo...thando...,woulddo...ratherthando...,prefertodo...ratherthando...))\a\vs4\al(寧愿做……,而不愿做……))①HecametoChinaforpromotingfriendshipratherthanformakingmoney.他來(lái)中國(guó)是為了增進(jìn)友情，而不是為了賺錢。②Hewouldratherbeginthestreetsthangetmoneyinsuchadishonestway.他寧愿在街上乞討，也不愿以這種不正值手段賺錢。③Ratherthanstayhere，Iprefertoleave.我寧愿離開而不是待在這里。④Theirmotherratherthantheyis/was(be)toblamefortheincident.這件事應(yīng)當(dāng)由他們的母親而不是他們負(fù)責(zé)。(教材P59)Nowhereisthistruerthanwithgeneticallymodified(GM)food.轉(zhuǎn)基因食品就是最好的例子。[要點(diǎn)提煉]本句是倒裝句，其中nowhere...truerthan...為否定副詞與比較級(jí)連用表示最高級(jí)的意義。(1)否定詞或短語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí)構(gòu)成部分倒裝。常見(jiàn)的這類詞語(yǔ)有：not，no，nowhere，never，seldom，notuntil，nosooner...than等。(2)比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)意義的常見(jiàn)形式①比較級(jí)＋than＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(anyother＋單數(shù)名詞,allother＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞,anyoftheother＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞,anyone/anythingelse,any＋單數(shù)名詞（不同范圍）))②比較級(jí)與否定詞連用①Ilikenothingbetterthanswimming.我最喜愛(ài)游泳。②Juliaistallerthaneq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(anyotherstudent,allotherstudents,anyoneelse))inherclass.朱麗葉是她班上最高的。③Nooneinmyclassworksharder(hard)thanJack.我們班沒(méi)有人比杰克更用功。④Nosooner(soon)hadwereachedthestationthanthetrainleft.我們剛到車站，火車就開走了。1．Otherpeoplearguethatsuchthinkingmaycauseacatastrophe，unlesswestarttolookaroundandunderstandhowacleanenvironmentbenefitsusall.[分析]該句為主從復(fù)合句，that引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，句尾how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作understand的賓語(yǔ)。[翻譯]其他人則爭(zhēng)論說(shuō)，這樣的思維或許會(huì)招致災(zāi)難，除非我們起先環(huán)顧四周并理解清潔的環(huán)境能夠讓我們?nèi)咳耸芤妗?．SincenoonereallyknowswhetherGMfoodissafe，manycountrieshavehesitatedtogivepermissionfortheproductionofGMfoods，astheywouldratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology.[分析]該句為主從復(fù)合句，since與as在句中均引導(dǎo)緣由狀語(yǔ)從句；since引導(dǎo)的從句中含有一個(gè)whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。[翻譯]由于沒(méi)有人準(zhǔn)確地知道轉(zhuǎn)基因食品是否平安，很多國(guó)家在是否允許生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)基因食品問(wèn)題上遲疑不決，他們寧愿對(duì)這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)持謹(jǐn)慎的看法。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．－Iamtired.Perhapsweshouldhaveabreak.－Goodidea.Iaminfavourofstoppingworknow.2．Theyneededmoretroopstodefendtheborderagainstpossibleattack.3．ItmadeourheadteacherangrythatWangLin，withoutthepermission(permit)fromtheschool，wasabsentfromclassforaweek.4．Althoughwesankallourmoneyintothefirm，itstillfailedtomakeaprofit.5．Noneofthestudentsare/is(be)infavoroftheplan.6．Johnpreferstostayathomeratherthango(go)outforshopping.7．Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrightening(frighten)experience，especiallyifyouaretravellingathighspeed.8．Thebosssaidhewasunabletomeettheir(they)needsiftheyaskedforsohighwages.9．Ihaveneverspentamoreworrying(worry)day.10．Frommypointofview，humanbeingsshouldn'tdevelopanemotionalrelationshipwithrobots.Ⅱ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。Onetime，theteachersataschoolwantedtoteachthestudentsaboutairplanes.Whileallairplanescanfly，someareabletoflyfartherthanothers.Thisisbecausenotallairplanesarebuiltthesame.Forexample，afighterplanelooksverydifferentfromaplanethatpeopleflyinwhentheywanttogoonaholiday．Theteacherswonderedhowtheycouldmakestudentsunderstandthis.Then，thescienceteacher，Mr.Moose，decidedthattheschoolshouldhaveapaperairplanecontest.Thestudentswouldproducepaperairplanedesigns．Theywouldstandinlineontheplaygroundbehindtheschool.Thestudentswouldtaketurnsthrowingtheirairplanes.Thestudentwhoseairplanewentthefarthestwouldwin.WhenMr.Mooseannouncedthepaperairplanecontesttothestudents，theywereveryexcited.AstudentnamedPaul，whowasonthewrestlingteam，bragged(吹牛)toeveryoneelsethathisairplanewouldwin.“Iamthestrongest，”Paulsaid.“SoIwillbeabletothrowmyairplanethefarthest.”However，whilePaulwassayingthis，anotherstudent，Brian，wasthinkinghowhecouldwin.Briandidnotplayanysportsandwasnotverystrong.Buthelovedairplanesandreallywantedtowinthecontest.Brianrealizedwhathehadtodo.Hewenttothestoreandboughtabigstackofpaper.Whenhegothome，hetookthepaperintohisbackyard.Hetookapieceofpaperandfoldedanairplane.Itdidn'tgoveryfar，soBriantookanothersheetandfoldedanotherairplaneandthrewit.Thisairplanewentalittlefarther.Briankeptfoldingdifferentkindsofairplanesandthrowingthem.Somewentveryfarandsomedidnot.Finally，whenBrianhadusedallthepaper，hewalkeduptotheairplanethathadflownthefarthestandpickeditup.留意：1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．應(yīng)運(yùn)用5個(gè)以上短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)；3．續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好；4．續(xù)寫完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所運(yùn)用的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。Paragraph1：Thenextdaywasthecontest.