中考英語語法基礎(chǔ)知識復(fù)習(xí)（語法講義+真題練習(xí)）語法基礎(chǔ)知識復(fù)習(xí)講義-動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語（教師版）

專題八動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語專題八動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語知識梳理知識梳理第一部分動(dòng)詞的分類考點(diǎn)一：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的定義動(dòng)詞根據(jù)其后是否帶有賓語，可分為及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞兩類，其縮寫形式分別為vt.和vi.。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞在句中能獨(dú)立作謂語。二、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的分類（一）及物動(dòng)詞：及物動(dòng)詞后面必須跟賓語。常見的及物動(dòng)詞有：accept,discover,enjoy,forget,borrow,buy,catch,invent,like,find等。常見及物動(dòng)詞的句型結(jié)構(gòu)：1.“主語+謂語+賓語”，賓語可以由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或短語充當(dāng)。如：HereachedParisthreedaysago.他三天前到了巴黎。Ifinishreadingthebook.我讀完了這本書。to表示“給”,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的對象for表示“為;替”,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的目的物（sth.）人（sb.）2.to表示“給”,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的對象for表示“為;替”,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的目的物（sth.）人（sb.）【知識拓展】?？嫉膸щp賓語的動(dòng)詞：【知識拓展】?？嫉膸щp賓語的動(dòng)詞：passsb.sth.=__passsth.tosb._____遞給某人某物offersb.sth.=___offersth.tosb.____提供某人某物givesb.sth.=__givesth.tosb._____給某人某物lendsb.sth.=___lendsth.tosb._____借給某人某物showsb.sth.=__showsth.tosb.___向某人展示某物buysb.sth.=___buysth.forsb.______買某物給某人=Pleasepassthebookovertheretome.Myauntboughtmeacomputer.我阿姨買給我一臺電腦。=Myauntboughtacomputerforme.3.“主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”，賓補(bǔ)的作用是說明賓語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。它可以由名詞、形容詞、副詞、v-ing、動(dòng)詞不定式和介詞短語等充當(dāng)。如：Theyaskedmetogofishingwiththem.他們邀請我和他們一起去釣魚?！局R拓展】（1）使役動(dòng)詞make,let,have等后接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。如：makesb.dosth.讓某人做某事（2）感官動(dòng)詞see,hear,watch,feel,notice等后既可接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，也可用v-ing作賓補(bǔ)。前者（不帶to的不定式）表示動(dòng)作已結(jié)束，后者（動(dòng)名詞）表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。如：seesb.doingsth.看見某人正在做某事seesb.dosth.看見某人做過/經(jīng)常做某事（二）不及物動(dòng)詞：不及物動(dòng)詞無需跟賓語，其本身意思完整。不及物動(dòng)詞后若要跟賓語，必須先在其后添加上某個(gè)介詞，如to,of,at等后方可跟上賓語。不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。只能用于“主語+謂語”句型。常見的不及物動(dòng)詞有：arrive,agree,belong,come,fail,fall,go,hurry,listen,look,sit,succeed,work等。如：Thetrainstopped.火車停下了。Lookatmecarefully!認(rèn)真看著我！【注意】1.有些動(dòng)詞既可以用作及物動(dòng)詞又可以用作不及物動(dòng)詞。如：WhendidtheyleaveBeijing?他們什么時(shí)候離開北京的？（及物動(dòng)詞）Theyleftlastweek.他們上周離開了。（不及物動(dòng)詞）2.有些不及物動(dòng)詞可與其他詞搭配在一起構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞短語，相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞。如：lookat+賓語；listento+賓語；arriveat/in+賓語考點(diǎn)二：系動(dòng)詞一、系動(dòng)詞的定義系表結(jié)構(gòu)作謂語系動(dòng)詞是指連接主語和表語的動(dòng)詞，用以說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)、特征及狀態(tài)。系動(dòng)詞詞義不完整，不能單獨(dú)作謂語，后面必須跟表語，構(gòu)成“系表結(jié)構(gòu)”。系表結(jié)構(gòu)作謂語二、系動(dòng)詞的分類類別功能例詞表示狀態(tài)的系動(dòng)詞表示主語所處的狀態(tài)be（am/is/are）表示持續(xù)的系動(dòng)詞表示主語繼續(xù)或保持某種身份或狀態(tài)keep,remain,stay表示感官的系動(dòng)詞表示人體感官的系動(dòng)詞（感官動(dòng)詞）感官動(dòng)詞后接形容詞作表語look,feel,smell感官動(dòng)詞后接形容詞作表語表示狀態(tài)變化的系動(dòng)詞表示主語從一種狀態(tài)變換到另一種狀態(tài)become,get,go,grow,turn如：Iamastudent.我是個(gè)學(xué)生。Pleasekeeptheclassroomclean.請保持教室整潔。Thefoodtastesdelicious.這食物嘗起來很美味。Inspring,treesturngreen.春天，樹木變綠了?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)【注意】系動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)！基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Dreamsarepowerfulandtheycandriveyoutoworkharderand__become___(become)betterthanbefore.—Doesthedishtasteas___good____(well)asitlooks?—Yes.Ican’twaittoeatit.Iliketeacherswho___are_____(be)alwaysfriendly,helpfulandfairtoeachstudent.Well,letmesee.Ipromiseto___keep____(keep)thesecret.TheoverseasChineseinYemengot__excited___(excite)whentheysawChinesesoldierscomingtotheirhelp.考點(diǎn)三：助動(dòng)詞一、助動(dòng)詞的定義協(xié)助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成謂語動(dòng)詞的詞叫助動(dòng)詞。與被協(xié)助的主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)，語態(tài)、疑問句、否定句和加強(qiáng)語氣等。助動(dòng)詞是語法功能詞，本身沒有詞義，不能單獨(dú)作謂語，它沒有對應(yīng)的漢語意思。如：Hedoesn’tlikeEnglish.他不喜歡英語。（doesn’t是助動(dòng)詞，無詞義；like是主要?jiǎng)釉~，有詞義）二、助動(dòng)詞的分類、變化形式及其用法分類常見的變形用法be現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)am,isare①助動(dòng)詞be+現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。②助動(dòng)詞be+過去分詞，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。③助動(dòng)詞be+動(dòng)詞不定式，表示根據(jù)安排要發(fā)生的事情。過去時(shí)態(tài)was,were現(xiàn)在分詞being過去分詞beendo原形do①構(gòu)成疑問句。如：Doyoulikecollegelife?②與否定副詞not合用，構(gòu)成否定句。如：Idon’tlikehim.③加強(qiáng)語氣。如：Hedidknowthat.④用來代替前面剛提到的動(dòng)詞以避免重復(fù)。如：Iworkharderthanhedoes.我工作比他努力。第三人稱單數(shù)does過去式did現(xiàn)在分詞doing過去分詞donewillwouldwill構(gòu)成一般將來時(shí)，would構(gòu)成過去將來時(shí)，后接動(dòng)詞原形。如：HewillgotoShanghai.//Hesaidhewouldcome.shallshouldshall構(gòu)成一般將來時(shí)，should構(gòu)成過去將來時(shí)，用于第一人稱，后接動(dòng)詞原形。如：IshallstudyharderatEnglish.have原形have①have+過去分詞，構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。如：HehasleftforLondon.②have+been+現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。③have+been+過去分詞，構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。④have+動(dòng)詞不定式，表示因客觀環(huán)境而不得不做的事情。⑤had+過去分詞，構(gòu)成過去完成時(shí)。第三人稱單數(shù)has過去式had現(xiàn)在分詞having過去分詞had基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子，每空一詞。1.湯姆問我昨晚八點(diǎn)在干什么？TomaskedmewhatIwasdoingateightlastnight.2.窗戶是湯姆打碎的。ThewindowisbrokenbyTom.3.我一直在學(xué)英語，已達(dá)十年之久。IhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears.4.過去，好多學(xué)生不知道英語的重要性。Inthepast,manystudentsdidn’tknowtheimportanceofEnglish.5.天正在下大雨，我不得不呆在家里。It’sraininghard.Ihavetoathome.6.他下周要去紐約。HewillgotoNewYorknextweek.考點(diǎn)四：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形作謂語一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的定義情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形作謂語情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人對某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度，表示“可能”、“應(yīng)當(dāng)”、“必要”等含義，但其本身詞義不完全，不能單獨(dú)作謂語，必須和動(dòng)詞原形連用。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。其否定形式一般是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加not(must,haveto除外)，其疑問形式是將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提至主語前。二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法（見專題九）真題演練真題演練一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.（2023·湖北十堰）—Theairinourcitybecomesfresherandfresher.—Ithinkso.Tocutdownairpollution,manyfactories___A____newenergycars.A．produce B．throw C．cancel D．divide2.（2023·山東青島）Tom,anEnglishdoctor,hopestogo___C____forvacation.Chinaishisfirstchoice.A．back B．down C．a(chǎn)broad D．up3.（2023·山東東營）Scientistsfoundthatdogsmayknowhuman’sfeelingsby___B___ourbreathandsweat(汗).A．tasting B．smelling C．touching D．watching4.（2023·遼寧丹東）—Dad,whatareyoucooking?It___B____sogood.—Themaindishforourdinner.Youwilllikeit.A．gets B．smells C．sounds D．tastes5.（2023·遼寧沈陽）Whenautumncomes,leavesstartto___B____fromthetrees.A．grow B．fall C．a(chǎn)ppear D．come6.（2023·遼寧丹東）OnSeptember1,students___D____theirnewschooluniformstogotoschoolhappily.A．takeoff B．giveaway C．makeup D．puton7.（2023·遼寧丹東）Youshould___D____thetimewithyourparentsbecauseyouwillleavethemwhenyougrowup.A．change B．stop C．a(chǎn)void D．value8.（2023·山東青島）—Areyoureadyfortheshow?—No.It’seasyto___A____aplaybutdifficulttoactitout.A．makeup B．takeup C．lookup D．putup9.（2023·青海）AccordingtotheWorldHappinessReport2023,Finland(芬蘭)istheworld’shappiestcountry.People___B____moretimewithfamiliesandfriendsthere.A．cost B．spend C．pay10.（2023·青海）Thankstothehelpofthegovernment,farmersinChinaare___A____ahappierandricherlife.A．living B．changing C．planting二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.（2023·甘肅武威·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）TheTVwas(be)inventedbeforethecar.2.（2023·甘肅定西·統(tǒng)考一模）Therewere(be)twoimportantcompetitionsinourschoollastweek.3.（2022·甘肅武威·統(tǒng)考二模）Wewillgoonapicnicifitdoesn’train(notrain)thisafternoon.4.（2023·江蘇無錫·統(tǒng)考二模）It’sreportedthatadeepbreathoftenhelps(help)whenyoufeelstressed.5.（2023·湖南永州·統(tǒng)考三模）Mostofthestudentsthinkthreeyearsofjuniorhighschoollifeis(be)notlong.6.（2023·云南·統(tǒng)考一模）Thesignsareveryuseful(use).Theytellusthingsthatwemaywanttoknow.7.（2023·云南昭通·統(tǒng)考一模）“Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.”meansifyouwanttobesuccessful(success),youhavetodosomethingbeforeothers.8.（2023·黑龍江·校聯(lián)考一模）Therichare(be)notalwayshappy.Everyonehasworries.9.（2023·上海青浦·統(tǒng)考二模）Themagiciansurprisedtheaudiencebymakingtherabbitdisappear(appear)inhishat.10.（2022·江蘇南京·統(tǒng)考中考真題）TheteachertoldusthatthegravityonMarsis(be)onlyaboutthree-eighthsofthatonEarth.第二部分用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空包括動(dòng)詞的基本形式、動(dòng)詞變名詞、動(dòng)詞變動(dòng)名詞、動(dòng)詞變不定式和動(dòng)詞變形容詞?？键c(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞的基本形式英語動(dòng)詞共有五種基本形式，即動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))、過去式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。形式規(guī)則變化舉例動(dòng)詞原形沒有經(jīng)過任何變形，即詞典中一般給出的形式be,do,have,come第三人稱單數(shù)一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加__s__work→__works_read→_reads_以s,o,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，后加__es__go→__goes_wash→_washes_以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變__y__為__i__，再加__es__fly→__flies__try→__tries__study→__studies_過去式與過去分詞一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加__ed__work→_worked_stay→_stayed_以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞后，只加__d__like→__liked__live→__lived__以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變__y__為__i__，再加__ed__cry→__cried__study→_studiedtry→__tried__以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，先__雙寫___末尾輔音字母，再加__ed__stop→_stopped_plan→_planned現(xiàn)在分詞一般情況在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加__ing___sleep→_sleeping_wait→_waiting以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，去__e___再加__ing___move→_movingwrite→_writing_以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的動(dòng)詞，先___雙寫___末尾輔音字母，再加__ing__cut→_cutting_put→_putting_sit→_sitting_少數(shù)以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變__ie__為__y__再加__ing__lie→__lying_die→__dying_tie→__tying_考點(diǎn)二：動(dòng)詞變名詞一、填名詞的判斷方法如下：1.名詞＋名詞，如：booklovers(love)；asnowglobecollectors’(collect)club2.oneofthe/afew＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)，如：oneoftheNobelPrizewinners(win)in2015；afewplayers(play)3.形容詞＋名詞，如：agoodlistener(listen)；aheavysleeper(sleep)4.a/an/the＋名詞單數(shù)，如：Shewantstobeadancer(dance).；gototheoldpeople’shomeasahelper(help)5.the＋形容詞＋名詞，如：thegreatinventor(invent)6.大于1的數(shù)詞＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)，如：Thereareelevenswimmers(swim)inthisteam.二、動(dòng)詞變名詞的變化規(guī)律如下：1.v.＋-er(or/r)act→actorcollect→collectordance→dancer design→designerdrive→driver help→helperlisten→listener love→lovermanage→manager paint→painterplay→player read→readerreport→reporter run→runnersing→singer sleep→sleeperspeak→speakerteach→teacherwait→waiter win→winnerwork→worker write→writer2.v.＋-mentachieve→achievement agree→agreementenjoy→enjoyment develop→developmentexcite→excitement improve→improvement3.v.＋-ion/tion/sion或去e＋-ion/tion/ationcollect→collection discuss→discussiondirect→direction educate→educationinvent→invention pollute→pollution4.v.＋-ing或雙寫末尾字母＋-ingbegin→beginning build→buildingfeel→feeling mean→meaningmeet→meeting swim→swimming5.其他choose→choice die→deathfail→failure weigh→weight考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞變動(dòng)名詞填動(dòng)詞v.-ing的判斷方法如下：1.介詞短語/介詞后＋動(dòng)名詞，如：begoodatsinging(sing)；withoutworking(work)；beinterestedinreading(read)；2.空前有be動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，如：Herearesomestudentsmaking(make)preparationsforit.3.用于固定搭配中，如：enjoywatching(watch)4.動(dòng)名詞作主語，如：Learning(learn)Englishwellisimportant.5.動(dòng)名詞＋or/and＋動(dòng)名詞，如：eatingfoodandwatching(watch)TV6.標(biāo)志詞now，look，listen所在的進(jìn)行時(shí)句中，如：Listen!Birdsaresinging(sing).7.while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，如：PleasebequietwhileI’mtalking(talk)toyou.考點(diǎn)四：動(dòng)詞變不定式填動(dòng)詞不定式的判斷方法如下：1.用在及物動(dòng)詞后作賓語，如：HouYiplannedtodrink(drink)itwithhiswife.2.在“動(dòng)詞＋賓語＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語如：Italsoencouragesgovernmentandsocialgroupstothink(think)aboutways.3.作狀語主要表示原因、目的和結(jié)果等，如：Tofight(fight)badpeople,theMonkeyKingusesamagicstick.4.放在被修飾的名詞的后面，作后置定語，如：ShenNongwasthefirsttodiscover(discover)teaasadrink.；Laughingfortwohoursisagoodwaytorelax(relax).5.在固定搭配中，如：likebeingabletotravel(travel)andmeetnewpeople6.不定式＋and＋省略to的不定式，如：Theword“OK”iseasytosay,writeandunderstand(understand)考點(diǎn)五：動(dòng)詞變形容詞一、填形容詞的判斷方法如下：1.系動(dòng)詞/半系動(dòng)詞＋形容詞，如：getexcited(excite)；whathesaidisunbelievable.(believe)2.themost＋形容詞，如：ThestoryofChang’eisthemosttouching.(touch)3.形容詞＋名詞，如：unbelievable(believe)things4.固定句型：Itis＋adj.＋of/forsb.todosth.，如：Itispleased(please)ofhimtohelpothers.二、動(dòng)詞變形容詞的規(guī)律如下：1.v.＋-d/-ed/-ing或去e＋-ingamaze→amazed/amazingbore→bored/boringexcite→excited/excitinginterest→interested/interestingplease→pleased/pleasingrelax→relaxed/relaxing2.v.＋-ableaccept→acceptable enjoy→enjoyablechange→changeablev.＋-ive或去e＋-iveact→active create→creative4.其他die→dead wake→awakesleep→asleep基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Allofusarelookingforwardtowinning(win)thevolleyballmatchinHongKong.2.Henry'suncleisplanningtotake(take)atriptoDunhuangnow.3.It'sveryimportantforustokeep(keep)healthy.4.Heisknownasoneofthegreatestwriters(write)intheworld.5.Thefamoussinger(sing)willgiveaconcerttoraisemoneyforthepoorchildren.6.Afterrepeating(repeat)theexperimentseveraltimesinourlaboratory,wefinallygotaresult.7.Aftergraduation,someofmyclassmatesarebusypreparing(prepare)fortheirnewjourneys.8.TheAvengersIVissoboring(bore)thatIfellasleepwhenIsawitinthecinema.9.Thedriver(drive)checkedthecarandfoundtherewassomethingwrongwiththewheels.10.Weareallshockedtoseethelittlegirl'samazing(amaze)abilityinmusic.真題演練真題演練用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.(2019曲靖臘山二中九年級期中考試)Shesuggestedgoing(go)byplane,butIthoughtitwouldcosttoomuch.2.(2023·云南昆明·昆明八中?？级?Tomysurprise(surprise),hehasmadegreatprogressduringthiswintervacation.3.（2023·甘肅天水）You’reexpectedtoshake(shake)handswhenmeetingpeopleforthefirsttimeinChina.4.（2023·湖南永州）MyparentsandIvisited(visit)YangmingshanMountainthiswinter.5.（2023·湖南永州）Chinaplanstopaymoreattentiontoscientificeducation(educate)initsprimaryandmiddleschools.6.（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州）Itseemsthatfamiliesarespending(spend)moreandmoretimetogether.7.（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州）Theartistsareencouraged(encourage)totellgoodChinesestoriesintheirfavoriteartforms.8.（2023·云南）Amyismybestfriend.She’salwaystheretobeagoodlistener(listen).9.（2023·四川達(dá)州）Theoldsaying“Afallintoapit,againinyourwit.”meansweshouldlearnfrommistakesandavoidmaking(make)thesamemistakesagain.10.（2023·湖南永州）Lastweekmysister___failed____(fail)hercookingexambecausesheburntsomething.第三部分動(dòng)詞短語考點(diǎn)一：同一動(dòng)詞型短語動(dòng)詞類型構(gòu)成短語含義動(dòng)詞類型構(gòu)成短語含義comecomeacross(偶然)遇見looklookafter照顧comeback回來；想起來lookat看comein進(jìn)入；進(jìn)來lookthrough快速查看；瀏覽comefrom來自lookup查閱；抬頭看comeon加油；快點(diǎn)lookaround向四周看comeout出版；發(fā)行；上映lookfor尋找comeover順便來訪lookover檢查cometrue(希望、夢想等)實(shí)現(xiàn)looklike看起來像comeupwith想出；提出lookout當(dāng)心；小心makemakefriends交朋友putputaway把……放好makemistakes犯錯(cuò)誤putback放回原處makeprogress取得進(jìn)步putdown記下；放下makesure確保putinto把……放進(jìn)；使進(jìn)入makeup編造；組成；化妝putoff推遲makeadifference影響；有作用puton穿上；發(fā)胖；上演makeaneffort作出努力putout熄滅，撲滅makeawish許愿putup舉起；張貼；搭建taketakeafter長得像turnturnon打開takeaway拿走turnoff關(guān)閉takeoff脫下；起飛turnup調(diào)高（音量）takepartin參加turndown調(diào)低（音量）；拒絕takeup開始做；占據(jù)turn...into把……變成takecareof照顧turnaround轉(zhuǎn)身；調(diào)頭takepridein為……感到自豪turnright向右轉(zhuǎn)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單項(xiàng)選擇1.Grandmotherliveswithmyparents.TheyBhereveryday.A.lookat B.lookafter C.lookinto D.lookup2.TheengineerAearlyeverymorningtocatchthefirstbus.A.getsup B.getsoff C.getsdown D.getson3.HeisverytallandoutgoingbecauseheChismother.A.takescareof B.takesawayC.takesafter D.takesplace4.—Marry,youcanmakecookiesifyoupromisenottoBinthekitchen.—OK.A.makeadifference B.makeamessC.makealiving D.makeawish5.Beforeyoustarttoreadanewbookyou'dbetterCitsbackgroundfirst.A.lookout B.lookaround C.lookthrough D.lookfor真題演練真題演練單項(xiàng)選擇1.(2019甘肅省卷)Don'tforgettoBthelightswhentheyarenotinuse!A.turnover B.turnoff C.turnup D.turnon2.（2023·河北）Wearesupposedto___A____ourhandbeforewespeakinclass.A.putup B.putout C.putdown D.putaway3.（2023·云南）It’sagoodhabitto___C____thelightswhenyouleavearoom.A.turndown B.turnup C.turnoff D.turnon4.（2023·江蘇揚(yáng)州）Papercut-outsof“doublehappiness”areoften___B____inthemarriedcouple’shometobringgoodwishes.A.putback B.putup C.puton D.putoff5.(2023新疆)-Whatabilitiesshouldadogtrainerhave?-IthinkheshouldberesponsibleandneverD.A.giveawayB.giveoutC.givebackD.giveup6.(2023鄂州)-HowwasyourcampinginSifengMountainlastweekend?-Itwasgreat.WeAourtentsonthetopofthemountainandenjoyedourselves.A.putupB.putoffC.putonD.putaway考點(diǎn)二：同一介詞/副詞型短語介詞/副詞類型構(gòu)成短語含義介詞/副詞類型構(gòu)成短語含義atarriveat到達(dá)upcheerup使……高興/振奮laughat嘲笑cutup切碎pointat指向eatup吃光shoutat對……大喊，訓(xùn)斥getup起床smileat向……微笑giveup放棄stareat盯著看growup長大ofhearof聽說pickup撿起；開車接；接電話thinkof認(rèn)為；思考setup建立；設(shè)立runout(of)用完；耗盡showup出現(xiàn)；露面takecareof照顧cleanup打掃干凈ondependon依靠，依賴；取決于wakeup喚醒geton上車stayup熬夜keepon繼續(xù)(進(jìn)行)fixup修理offgetoff下車outblowout吹滅cutoff切除bringout使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出takeoff起飛；脫下workout解決；算出shutoff關(guān)閉findout查明；弄清楚showoff炫耀；賣弄hangout閑逛gooff發(fā)出響聲；離開cleanout把…打掃干凈；清除fromhearfrom收到……來信giveout分發(fā)learnfrom從……學(xué)習(xí)；了解setout出發(fā)；啟程基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單項(xiàng)選擇1.—DoyouthinkitispopulartoAredenvelops(紅包)onWeChatduringfestivals?—Yes.ButIprefergivinggiftstofamilymembers.A.giveout B.giveaway C.giveback D.giveup2.—Idon'tlikepracticingplayingthepiano.—IfyouAit,youwillplayitwell.A.stickto B.getto