安徽省馬鞍山市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省馬鞍山市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThisweekendfeaturessomanygreatkid-friendlyholidayeventshappeningtogetyouintheholidayspirit,includingplentyoftreelightingsinDetroit.CheckoutmorethingstodoinDetroitfortheJan.24-26weekendbelow!FullMoonNightHikeatFarmingtonHillsNatureCenter(Jan.24,2025)Address:33947ArgonneRoad,FarmingtonHillsCost:$3/personFamiliescanenjoyaguidedsensoryhikethroughthetrails.Dressfortheweather.Forages5andup.Registrationrequired.RocktheRinkatMountClemensIceArena(Jan.25,2025)Address:200N.GroesbeckHighway,MountClemensCost:$8/admission,$4/skaterentalThisfamily-friendlyopeniceskatingeventfeaturespopularmusicandblacklights.CanterburyVillageTreeLighting(Jan.25,2025)Address:2325JoslynCt.,LakeOrionCost:FreeFamiliescanseethe45-foot-talltreelitupwithholidaymusicanddancinglights.Also,firepits,cheaphotcocoa,holidaycharactersandmore.TheWizardofOzatSkylineHighSchool(Jan.26,2025)Address:2552N.MapleRoad,AnnArborCost:$15/adult,$10/student,$5/ages10andunderThismusicalisbasedonTheWonderfulWizardofOz,a1900novelbyL.FrankBaumandperformedbychildreningrades9-12.1.Wherecanskatingloversgofortheweekend?A.FarmingtonHills. B.MountClemens. C.LakeOrion. D.AnnArbor.2.HowdoesCanterburyVillageTreeLightingdifferfromotherevents?A.Itpreparesdancingactivities. B.Itholdskid-friendlyevents.C.Itisfreeofchargeforadmission. D.Itoffersexpensivehotdrinks.3.WhatcanattendersdoatSkylineHighSchoolthisweekend?A.Enjoyamusical. B.ReadanovelbyBaum.C.Goforaguidedhike. D.Joininaperformance.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了底特律在2025年1月24日至26日周末期間舉辦的適合兒童的節(jié)日活動(dòng)，旨在營(yíng)造節(jié)日氛圍，其中包括許多圣誕樹點(diǎn)燈活動(dòng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RocktheRinkatMountClemensIceArena(Jan.25,2025)中“Thisfamily-friendlyopeniceskatingeventfeaturespopularmusicandblacklights.(這個(gè)適合家庭的開放式滑冰活動(dòng)以流行音樂和黑色燈光為特色。)”可知，在MountClemens的活動(dòng)是開放的滑冰活動(dòng)，所以滑冰愛好者周末可以去MountClemens。故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FullMoonNightHikeatFarmingtonHillsNatureCenter(Jan.24,2025)中“Cost:$3/person(費(fèi)用：3美元/人)”；RocktheRinkatMountClemensIceArena(Jan.25,2025)中“Cost:$8/admission,$4/skaterental(費(fèi)用：門票8美元，滑板租賃4美元)”；CanterburyVillageTreeLighting(Jan.25,2025)中“Cost:Free(費(fèi)用:免費(fèi))”；TheWizardofOzatSkylineHighSchool(Jan.26,2025)中“Cost:$15/adult,$10/student,$5/ages10andunder(費(fèi)用：成人15美元，學(xué)生10美元，10歲及以下兒童5美元)”可知，CanterburyVillageTreeLighting的特別之處在于它是免費(fèi)入場(chǎng)的，而其他活動(dòng)都有相應(yīng)的費(fèi)用。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheWizardofOzatSkylineHighSchool(Jan.26,2025)中“ThismusicalisbasedonTheWonderfulWizardofOz,a1900novelbyL.FrankBaumandperformedbychildreningrades9-12.(這部音樂劇改編自1900年弗蘭克·鮑姆的小說《綠野仙蹤》，由9-12年級(jí)的孩子們表演。)”可知，在SkylineHighSchool舉辦的是根據(jù)小說改編的音樂劇，由9至12年級(jí)的孩子表演，所以參加者可以在那里欣賞一部音樂劇。故選A項(xiàng)。BMiguelAngelGallo,borninBarcelonain1933,hasalwayshadapassionforart.However,withlimitedfinancialresourcesand13childrentofeedandeducate,becominganartistwasnotapracticaloptionforhimatthetime.Andabout10yearsago,Gallo’swifewasdiagnosed(診斷)withAlzheimer’sdisease,andherconditionworsenedtothepointthatshehadtomoveintoacarehome.ThischallengingperiodmarkedthebeginningofGallo’sartisticjourney,whenhewasalready83yearsold.GalloinitiallystudiedmechanicalengineeringinBarcelonaandlaterworkedforacompanyinZaragoza.In1966,hepursuedmanagementstudiesatIESEBusinessSchoolinBarcelona,andby1968,hehadbecomeanassociateprofessorthere.Withhisacademicbackground,Gallowasdeterminedtostudyatarespectedinstitution.However,whenheappliedtostudyartinBarcelona,hewasencouragedtopursuearthistoryinstead.Hewasfirm,replying,“No,Iwanttopaint.”Thecoursewasinitiallysetforfouryears,butduetotheneedtobalanceitwithhisfamilycommitments,ittookGallosevenyearstocompleteit.Hegraduatedattheageof90.GalloadmiresFranciscodeZurbaránforhismasterfuluseofwhite,andJoaquínSorollaforhisskillfuluseoflight.Reflectingonhisartisticjourney,henoted,“Studyingarthasstrengthenedmybeliefthatthetrulygreatthingsinlifearegoodness,truth,andbeauty.Idon’tmindmakingmoney,butincreasingly,thoseotherthingsmattermosttome.”SomeofGallo’sworkswerefeaturedinanexhibitioninGraus,asmallvillageinthePyrenees,wheretheyweredisplayedforsixmonths.Gallohumblyacknowledged,“Aftercompletingmydegree,wouldIcallmyselfanartist?Idon’tknow,butatleastnowIhaveapieceofpaperthatsaysIam.”4.WhatcanbelearntaboutGallofromparagraphs1and2?A.Heprioritizedhisfamilyoverhisinterest. B.Hebecameaprofessorinhis20s.C.Hehadanaturaltalentfordoingbusiness. D.Helivedwithpoorhealthforlong.5.WhathappenedtoGallowhenheappliedtostudyartinBarcelona?A.Hewasrequiredtostudylonger. B.Hewasnotadvisedtopaint.C.Hewasintroducedtootherinstitutes. D.Hewasnotallowedtogetadegree.6.HowhasstudyingartaffectedGallo?A.Hehasreflectedonhishealthcondition. B.Hehasbecomemuchhumbler.C.Hehasreinterpretedthemeaningofwealth. D.Hehasdevelopedtruefriendships.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MiguelángelGallo:AnArtGenius. B.MiguelángelGallo:ALateStarttoArt.C.AnArtExhibitionofMiguelángelGallo. D.ArtisticPrinciplesSetbyMiguelángelGallo.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了米格爾·安赫爾·加洛于1933年出生于巴塞羅那，一直對(duì)藝術(shù)充滿熱情。然而，由于財(cái)力有限，有13個(gè)孩子要養(yǎng)活和教育，當(dāng)時(shí)成為藝術(shù)家對(duì)他來說不是一個(gè)實(shí)際的選擇。大約10年前，加洛的妻子被診斷出患有阿爾茨海默病，她的病情惡化到不得不搬進(jìn)護(hù)理院的地步。這段充滿挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)期標(biāo)志著加洛藝術(shù)之旅的開始，當(dāng)時(shí)他已經(jīng)83歲了?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“However,withlimitedfinancialresourcesand13childrentofeedandeducate,becominganartistwasnotapracticaloptionforhimatthetime.(然而，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)資源有限，13個(gè)孩子要養(yǎng)活和教育，成為一名藝術(shù)家對(duì)他來說并不是一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)的選擇。)”可知，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)資源有限且要養(yǎng)育和教育13個(gè)孩子，成為藝術(shù)家對(duì)他來說不是一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)的選擇，說明他把家庭放在了興趣之前。故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“However,whenheappliedtostudyartinBarcelona,hewasencouragedtopursuearthistoryinstead.Hewasfirm,replying,“No,Iwanttopaint.”(然而，當(dāng)他申請(qǐng)?jiān)诎腿_那學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)時(shí)，他被鼓勵(lì)去學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)史。他很堅(jiān)定地回答：“不，我想畫畫。”)”可知，當(dāng)他申請(qǐng)?jiān)诎腿_那學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)時(shí)，別人鼓勵(lì)他學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)史而不是繪畫，即他不被建議畫畫。故選B項(xiàng)。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Reflectingonhisartisticjourney,henoted,“Studyingarthasstrengthenedmybeliefthatthetrulygreatthingsinlifearegoodness,truth,andbeauty.Idon’tmindmakingmoney,butincreasingly,thoseotherthingsmattermosttome.”(回顧自己的藝術(shù)之旅，他說：“學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)讓我更加堅(jiān)信，生命中真正偉大的東西是真、善、美。我不介意賺錢，但其他事情對(duì)我來說越來越重要?！?”可知，學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)讓他更加堅(jiān)信生活中真正偉大的東西是善良、真理和美麗，他不介意賺錢，但越來越覺得這些其他的東西對(duì)他來說才是最重要的，說明他重新詮釋了財(cái)富的意義，不再只看重金錢。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段中“ThischallengingperiodmarkedthebeginningofGallo’sartisticjourney,whenhewasalready83yearsold.(這段充滿挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)期標(biāo)志著加洛藝術(shù)之旅的開始，當(dāng)時(shí)他已經(jīng)83歲了。)”和第三段中“Thecoursewasinitiallysetforfouryears,butduetotheneedtobalanceitwithhisfamilycommitments,ittookGallosevenyearstocompleteit.Hegraduatedattheageof90.(課程最初設(shè)定為四年，但由于需要平衡他的家庭責(zé)任，他花了7年時(shí)間才完成。他90歲畢業(yè)。)”可知，文章主要講述了米格爾·安赫爾·加洛雖然一直熱愛藝術(shù)，但由于家庭原因直到83歲才開始他的藝術(shù)之旅，經(jīng)過努力在90歲時(shí)完成藝術(shù)課程畢業(yè)，所以“MiguelángelGallo:ALateStarttoArt”（米格爾·安赫爾·加洛：一個(gè)晚開始的藝術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)者）作為標(biāo)題最合適。故選B項(xiàng)。CMakingfabricfromwastepotatoplantscouldofferamoresustainablealternativetopurecotton,aspressuregrowsonthefashionindustrytoreduceitsenvironmentalimpact.Potatoesposeaheadacheforfarmers.Thetubers(塊莖)areharvestedandeaten,buttheabove-groundplantcontainssolanine,whichispoisonous,soitcan’tbeusedforanimalfeed.Farmersusuallyremovethismatterbeforepotatoesareharvested.Now,aUKstartupcompany,Fibe,wantstoavoidthiswastebyextracting(提取)fibresfrompotatostems(莖)tomakeasustainablefabric.InApril,itintroducedtheworld’sfirstpotatothread(線),amixtureof75percentcottonand25percentpotatofibres.Theapproachbeganasaprojectbyagroupofdesignengineeringstudents,includingGal-Shohet,atImperialCollegeLondon.Taskedwithdesigningasustainablebusinessconcept,thegroupinvestigatedusingwasteplantstocreateamoresustainablealternativetocotton.Thestudentschosepotatoplantsbecausetheyaremass-producedallovertheworld,arerichinfibresandtheirleaveshavenootherpracticaluse.Theyturnedtheirideaintoabusinessaftergraduatingin2022.Fibeprimarilyusesnon-biologicalprocesstoextractthefibres.“Oncerawfibresareextracted,theyarecleanedandgradedtoproducesoftballs.Thepotatofibresaresimilarinqualitytocotton,”saysGal-Shohet.However,becausethelandisalreadybeingusedtogrowpotatoes,potatofibresrequire99.7percentlesswaterandproduce82percentfewercarbonemissions(排放),aswellasneedingnoadditionalland,accordingtoFibe’sinternalanalysis.MuhammadTausifattheUniversityofLeeds,UK,whohasworkedwithFibe,saysindustrydemandforsustainablefibresisgrowing,butthecompanywillneedtoproveitspotatofibreshavethe“l(fā)ength,finenessandstrength”tocompetewithcotton.“Forafibretobesuccessfulandtobemadeintoaproduct,thesearethekeyfactors,”hesays.8.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thismatter”inparagraph2referto?A.Purecotton. B.Thepoisonoustuber.C.Animalfeed. D.Theabove-groundplant.9.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs. B.Addsomebackgroundinformation.C.Providesomeadviceforthestudents. D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.10.WhatdoesFibe’sinternalanalysishighlightaboutusingpotatofibres?A.Itsstandardrequirements. B.Itsenvironmentaladvantages.C.Itstechnicalbarriers. D.Itswideapplications.11.WhatdoesTausifexpectofFibe?A.Itshoulddemonstrateitsfibres’competitivequalities.B.Itshouldsecurebusinesspartnersassoonaspossible.C.Itshouldmakeabigdifferencetothefibreindustry.D.Itshouldlaunchappealingproductsintothemarket.【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.A【語篇解讀】這是篇說明文。文章介紹了一家英國(guó)初創(chuàng)公司Fibe試圖通過從土豆莖中提取纖維來制造可持續(xù)面料以減少時(shí)尚行業(yè)的環(huán)境影響?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thetubers(塊莖)areharvestedandeaten,buttheabove-groundplantcontainssolanine,whichispoisonous,soitcan’tbeusedforanimalfeed.Farmersusuallyremovethismatterbeforepotatoesareharvested.(塊莖被收獲并食用，但地上部分的植物含有毒性生物堿，所以不能用作動(dòng)物飼料。農(nóng)民通常在土豆收獲之前去除這些物質(zhì))”可知，農(nóng)民通常在土豆收獲之前去除地上部分的植物。所以“thismatter”指的是“地上的植物”。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Theapproachbeganasaprojectbyagroupofdesignengineeringstudents,includingGal-Shohet,atImperialCollegeLondon.Taskedwithdesigningasustainablebusinessconcept,thegroupinvestigatedusingwasteplantstocreateamoresustainablealternativetocotton.Thestudentschosepotatoplantsbecausetheyaremass-producedallovertheworld,arerichinfibresandtheirleaveshavenootherpracticaluse.Theyturnedtheirideaintoabusinessaftergraduatingin2022.(這種方法最初是倫敦帝國(guó)理工學(xué)院的一群設(shè)計(jì)工程專業(yè)學(xué)生（包括Gal-Shohet）的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。該小組的任務(wù)是設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)可持續(xù)的商業(yè)概念，他們研究了利用廢物處理廠來創(chuàng)造一種更可持續(xù)的棉花替代品。學(xué)生們之所以選擇馬鈴薯植物，是因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)谑澜绺鞯卮罅可a(chǎn)，富含纖維，而且它們的葉子沒有其他實(shí)際用途。他們?cè)?022年畢業(yè)后把自己的想法變成了生意。)”可推知，作者在第四段是為了增加一些背景信息。故選B?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“However,becausethelandisalreadybeingusedtogrowpotatoes,potatofibresrequire99.7percentlesswaterandproduce82percentfewercarbonemissions(然而，因?yàn)橥恋匾呀?jīng)用于種植土豆，所以土豆纖維需要的水比正常種植使用少99.7%，且產(chǎn)生的碳排放量減少了82%)”可知，分析結(jié)果突出了使用土豆纖維的環(huán)境優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選B?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“MuhammadTausifattheUniversityofLeeds,UK,whohasworkedwithFibe,saysindustrydemandforsustainablefibresisgrowing,butthecompanywillneedtoproveitspotatofibreshavethe“l(fā)ength, finenessandstrength”tocompetewithcotton.

(英國(guó)利茲大學(xué)（UniversityofLeeds）的穆罕默德?陶西夫（MuhammadTausif）曾與纖維公司合作，他表示，行業(yè)對(duì)可持續(xù)纖維的需求正在增長(zhǎng)，但該公司需要證明其馬鈴薯纖維具有“長(zhǎng)度、細(xì)度和強(qiáng)度”，可以與棉花競(jìng)爭(zhēng))”可知，Tausif期望Fibe能夠展示其纖維的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)質(zhì)量。故選A。DPompeii’splastercast(石膏模型)humanfiguresaren’twhotheywereassumedtobe,genetictestshaverevealed,highlightingthewayidealisedstoriescanbeprojectedontoarchaeological(考古的)evidence.Theanalysisalsorevealsthatthedemography(人口學(xué))ofPompeiiwasfarmorecomplicatedanddiversethanpreviouslythought.WhenVesuviuseruptedinAD79,manyofPompeii’sresidentswerecoveredanddied,andastheirbodiesweredestroyedgraduallybynaturalprocesses,cavities(窟窿)formedthatperfectlypreservedtheirpositionsintheirfinalmoments.Inthe19thcentury,archaeologistsdevelopedamethodofpouringplasterintothecavitiestomakelife-likecasts.Sincethen,morethan100ofthesecastshavebeenmade,preservingthevictims’shapesalongwithanyremainingbones.However,ithaslongbeenknownthatmanyoftheplastercastswerearrangedintodifferentposesandsometimesplacedtogethertoaddtothedramaofthePompeiistory,saysValeriaAmorettiattheArchaeologicalParkofPompeiiinNaples,Italy.Tolearnmoreaboutwhothesepeoplewere,Amorettiandherteammatesexamined14oftheplastercastsandextractedDNAfrombonesinfiveofthem.Whattheyfoundhascompletelychangedtheestablishedinterpretationsofwhotheywere.Anadultwearingagoldenbracelet(手鐲)withachildonthelapwaslongbelievedtobethechild’smother.TheDNAanalysisshowstheadultisactuallyamalewhoisbiologicallyunrelatedtothechild.Anearbyfigure,formerlyinterpretedasbeingthefather,wasalsounrelatedtothesupposedmotherandchild.AlissaMittnikatHarvardUniversitysaysthestudyhighlightstheimportanceofapplyingsciencebeforeinterpretingarchaeologyatfacevalue.“Ultimately,itremindsusthatthemostobvious,dramaticorsensationalexplanationsdonotalwaysholdtrue,encouragingustostayawareofandquestionourassumptions,”shesays.12.Whatisstressedabouttheanalysisinparagraph1?A.Ithassolvedacomplicatedsocialissue.B.Itisbasedonwell-documentedstories.C.Itchallengesalong-heldassumption.D.Itneedsfurthersupportingevidence.13.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheplastercastsaccordingtoAmoretti?A.Theyhavefallenvictimtothewearoftime.B.Theywererepositionedtoenhancedramaticeffects.C.Theyhadmostlybeenmadebeforethe19thcentury.D.Theyrepresentedadvancedworkmanshipatthetime.14.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellusabouttheDNAanalysis?A.Itsfindings. B.Itsmethods. C.Itssamples. D.Itsmotivations.15.HowdoesMittnikfindthestudy?A.Conventional. B.Inspirational. C.Complicated. D.Prejudiced.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了對(duì)龐貝古城的“石膏模型”的最新研究?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Pompeii’splastercasthumanfiguresaren’twhotheywereassumedtobe,genetictestshaverevealed,highlightingthewayidealisedstoriescanbeprojectedontoarchaeologicalevidence.TheanalysisalsorevealsthatthedemographyofPompeiiwasfarmorecomplicatedanddiversethanpreviouslythought.(基因測(cè)試顯示，龐貝古城的石膏人像并不是人們想象的那樣，這突顯了理想故事可以投射到考古證據(jù)上的方式。分析還顯示，龐貝的人口統(tǒng)計(jì)比以前認(rèn)為的要復(fù)雜和多樣得多。)”可知，基因測(cè)試顯示龐貝城的石膏模型人物并不是人們之前認(rèn)為的那樣，這項(xiàng)分析還揭示了龐貝城的人口學(xué)情況比以前認(rèn)為的要復(fù)雜和多樣得多，所以第一段強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這項(xiàng)分析挑戰(zhàn)了長(zhǎng)期以來的假設(shè)。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“However,ithaslongbeenknownthatmanyoftheplastercastswerearrangedintodifferentposesandsometimesplacedtogethertoaddtothedramaofthePompeiistory,saysValeriaAmorettiattheArchaeologicalParkofPompeiiinNaples,Italy.(然而，意大利那不勒斯龐貝考古公園的ValeriaAmoretti說，人們?cè)缇椭?，許多石膏模型被安排成不同的姿勢(shì)，有時(shí)被放在一起，以增加龐貝故事的戲劇性。)”可知，據(jù)Amoretti所說，許多石膏模型被擺成不同的姿勢(shì)，有時(shí)還被放在一起，以增加龐貝故事的戲劇性效果，即它們被重新擺放以增強(qiáng)戲劇效果。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“Anadultwearingagoldenbraceletwithachildonthelapwaslongbelievedtobethechild’smother.TheDNAanalysisshowstheadultisactuallyamalewhoisbiologicallyunrelatedtothechild.Anearbyfigure,formerlyinterpretedasbeingthefather,wasalsounrelatedtothesupposedmotherandchild.(長(zhǎng)期以來，人們一直認(rèn)為一個(gè)戴著金手鐲、膝上抱著孩子的成年人就是孩子的母親。DNA分析顯示，這名成年人實(shí)際上是一名男性，與這名兒童沒有血緣關(guān)系。旁邊的一個(gè)人，以前被解釋為父親，也與假定的母親和孩子無關(guān)。)”可知，主要講述了通過DNA分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，長(zhǎng)期以來被認(rèn)為是孩子母親的戴著金手鐲、腿上有個(gè)孩子的成年人實(shí)際上是一名男性，且與孩子沒有血緣關(guān)系，附近曾被認(rèn)為是父親的人物也與所謂的母親和孩子沒有關(guān)系，這都是DNA分析的“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AlissaMittnikatHarvardUniversitysaysthestudyhighlightstheimportanceofapplyingsciencebeforeinterpretingarchaeologyatfacevalue.“Ultimately,itremindsusthatthemostobvious,dramaticorsensationalexplanationsdonotalwaysholdtrue,encouragingustostayawareofandquestionourassumptions,”shesays.(哈佛大學(xué)的AlissaMittnik說，這項(xiàng)研究強(qiáng)調(diào)了在表面上解釋考古學(xué)之前應(yīng)用科學(xué)的重要性。她說：“最終，它提醒我們，最明顯、最戲劇性或最聳人聽聞的解釋并不總是正確的，這鼓勵(lì)我們保持警惕，并質(zhì)疑我們的假設(shè)?！?”可知，Mittnik認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究強(qiáng)調(diào)了在表面解讀考古學(xué)之前應(yīng)用科學(xué)的重要性，它提醒我們最明顯、戲劇性或聳人聽聞的解釋并不總是正確的，鼓勵(lì)我們保持警覺并質(zhì)疑我們的假設(shè)，所以她認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究是“有啟發(fā)性的”。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。AugustisthetimeofyearwhenIturnmyattentiontoharvestinglavender(薰衣草).Cuttinglavenderflowersissomethingyoucanandshoulddoregularlyoverthesummermonths.____16____Theycanbeusefulforarangeofprojectsinyourhome.Harvestlavenderforcookinganddrinking.Onereasontoharvestlavenderisforuseinrecipesanddrinks.Youcanaddlavendertosugartomakealavendersugar.Butremember,whenitcomestousinglavender,inmostcaseslessismore.____17____Harvestlavenderforhomedecoration.Ioftensimplybringlavenderinsideandthenarrangeitinvasesinmyhome.Itlooksandsmellsgreat,enhancingmylivingspaces.____18____Forexample,ItakethebaseformyChristmaswreath(花環(huán))andplacelavenderstemsinbunchesaroundit,securingthesetothewreathwithmyhomemadelines.Thisisanothergoodwaytodrylavendertoreadyitforotheruses.Harvestlavendertodriveunwantedinsects.Manyinsectsdonotenjoythesmelloflavender,whichmakesitagreatnaturalrepellent(驅(qū)蟲劑).____19____Plantitinsunnyareasofthegardenornearyourhome’sentrywaystohelpkeeptheseareasinsect-free.____20____Nomatterhowmuchlavenderyouhavegrowinginyourgarden,youcanfindyourownwaystousewhatyoubringintoyourhome.A.Sodon’toverdoit.B.Abovearemywaystouselavender.C.Morelavenderbringspleasanttastes.D.Itwillencouragenewflowerstoemerge.E.Harvestlavendertodecorateyourcommunity.F.Ialsoliketoarrangemylavenderinotherways.G.Placetiedlavenderbunchesaroundyourhousetohelpkeepfliesout.【答案】16.D17.A18.F19.G20.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了薰衣草的一些用途。【16題詳析】前文“Cuttinglavenderflowersissomethingyoucanandshoulddoregularlyoverthesummermonths.(在夏季的幾個(gè)月里，你可以而且應(yīng)該定期修剪薰衣草花)”提到夏季應(yīng)該定期修剪薰衣草花。后文“Theycanbeusefulforarangeofprojectsinyourhome.(它們對(duì)你家里的一系列項(xiàng)目都很有用)”提到對(duì)家里的一系列項(xiàng)目都很有用。由此可知，D選項(xiàng)Itwillencouragenewflowerstoemerge.(它會(huì)促使新的花朵生長(zhǎng)出來)符合語境，“It”指代前面的“Cuttinglavenderflowers”，說明修剪薰衣草花的好處，既承接了上文修剪的內(nèi)容，又引出了下文修剪后的薰衣草花對(duì)家里項(xiàng)目有用。故選D項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Onereasontoharvestlavenderisforuseinrecipesanddrinks.Youcanaddlavendertosugartomakealavendersugar.Butremember,whenitcomestousinglavender,inmostcaseslessismore.(收獲薰衣草的一個(gè)原因是用于食譜和飲品。你可以在糖里加入薰衣草制成薰衣草糖。但要記住，在大多數(shù)情況下，使用薰衣草時(shí)少即是多)”可知，A選項(xiàng)Sodon’toverdoit.(所以不要過度使用)能夠承接上文，“So”表示因果關(guān)系，“don’toverdoit”與前文“l(fā)essismore”相呼應(yīng)，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)不要過多使用薰衣草。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】前文“Ioftensimplybringlavenderinsideandthenarrangeitinvasesinmyhome.Itlooksandsmellsgreat,enhancingmylivingspaces.(我經(jīng)常只是把薰衣草帶回家，然后把它插在花瓶里。它看起來和聞起來都很棒，提升了我的生活空間)”提到薰衣草看起來和聞起來都很棒。后文“Forexample,ItakethebaseformyChristmaswreath(花環(huán))andplacelavenderstemsinbunchesaroundit,securingthesetothewreathwithmyhomemadelines.(例如，我拿我的圣誕花環(huán)底座，把薰衣草莖成束地放在它周圍，用我自制的線把它們固定在花環(huán)上)”提到了擺放方式。由此可知，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)Ialsoliketoarrangemylavenderinotherways.(我也喜歡用其他方式擺放我的薰衣草)能夠承上啟下，符合語境，“also”表示遞進(jìn)，引出下文用薰衣草制作花環(huán)這種其他的擺放方式。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】前文“Manyinsectsdonotenjoythesmelloflavender,whichmakesitagreatnaturalrepellent(驅(qū)蟲劑).(許多昆蟲不喜歡薰衣草的味道，這使它成為一種很好的天然驅(qū)蟲劑)”提到許多昆蟲不喜歡薰衣草的味道。后文“Plantitinsunnyareasofthegardenornearyourhome’sentrywaystohelpkeeptheseareasinsect-free.(把它種在花園陽光充足的地方或你家的入口附近，以幫助保持這些地方?jīng)]有昆蟲)”提到利用薰衣草驅(qū)蟲的一種方式。由此可知，G選項(xiàng)Placetiedlavenderbunchesaroundyourhousetohelpkeepfliesout.(在你家周圍放置綁好的薰衣草束來幫助驅(qū)趕蒼蠅)能夠承上啟下，符合語境，“Placetiedlavenderbunchesaroundyourhouse”是利用薰衣草驅(qū)蟲的一種方式，與前文薰衣草是驅(qū)蟲劑相呼應(yīng)，也與后文種植薰衣草驅(qū)蟲的方式并列。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】后文“Nomatterhowmuchlavenderyouhavegrowinginyourgarden,youcanfindyourownwaystousewhatyoubringintoyourhome.(無論你在花園里種了多少薰衣草，你都可以找到自己的方式來使用你帶回家的東西)”提到找到自己的方式來使用你帶回家的東西。由此可知，B選項(xiàng)Abovearemywaystouselavender.(以上就是我使用薰衣草的方法)總結(jié)了上文介紹的收獲薰衣草用于烹飪、裝飾、驅(qū)蟲等不同的使用方法，引出下文鼓勵(lì)讀者找到自己使用薰衣草的方式。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)?！癢hatjusthappened?”Iaskedmyself.Iwas3monthsintomyPh.D.programandinahistology(組織學(xué))class,Iconfidentlyexplainedmy____21____butmygroupmembers____22____myanswers.Ipressedfurther:“Iliterallystudiedthisduringmymaster’sdegree.”Theprofessorwentovertheanswerswiththe____23____confirmingIhadbeen____24____.Butnooneacknowledgeditorapologized.Ibroughttheexperienceupwithmymentor(導(dǎo)師).Shesaid:“Sometimespeoplestruggletobelievesomethingsaidwithanunfamiliaraccent.”Her____25____hitmehard.WasImeanttobeunheardornottakenseriouslybecauseI____26____different?Therestoftheyeardidn’tproceedanybetter.AnytimeIhadsomethingto____27____inagroupsettingandIthoughtaboutspeakingup,thememoryofthatexperienceinclass____28____me.Bytheendofmyfirstyear,myconfidencehadhitrockbottom.Ifelt____29____bymyownvoice.Yet,IresolvedIwouldovercometheproblemby______30______myspeech.Iworkedonmyenunciation(清楚的表達(dá))andslowingdownwhenI______31______.Ingroupmeetingsandpresentations,I______32______topacemyspeech.Gradually,these______33______helpedlowersomeofthebarriers.Ibecamelesslikelytobe______34______,andIwasableto______35______myclassmatesandensuremycontributionswererecognized.21.A.interpretation B.identity C.expectation D.situation22.A.checked B.copied C.dismissed D.announced23.A.club B.class C.company D.committee24.A.generous B.rude C.healthy D.correct25.A.words B.books C.excuses D.fists26.A.looked B.became C.sounded D.felt27.A.purchase B.contribute C.store D.order28.A.stopped B.relieved C.moved D.encouraged29.A.attracted B.awakened C.trapped D.cheated30.A.printing B.broadcasting C.writing D.adjusting31.A.ran B.spoke C.ate D.drank32.A.refused B.failed C.happened D.learned33.A.changes B.mistakes C.comments D.tests34.A.trusted B.unemployed C.misunderstood D.noticed35.A.thinkof B.dependon C.lookafter D.engagewith【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.C27.B28.A29.C30.D31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在攻讀博士學(xué)位期間，因?yàn)榭谝魡栴}而在課堂上遭遇誤解和忽視的經(jīng)歷，以及作者如何通過調(diào)整自己的說話方式來克服這一挑戰(zhàn)，最終增強(qiáng)自信并在學(xué)術(shù)環(huán)境中獲得認(rèn)可的過程。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在我攻讀博士學(xué)位3個(gè)月的時(shí)候，在一節(jié)組織學(xué)課上，我自信地解釋了我的解釋，但我的小組成員無視了我的答案。A.interpretation解釋，闡釋；B.identity身份；C.expectation期待；D.situation情況。根據(jù)前文“inahistology(組織學(xué))class,Iconfidentlyexplainedmy...”以及后文“butmygroupmembers...”可知，在組織學(xué)課上，“我”自信地解釋自己的“解釋”，“interpretation”有“解釋，闡釋”的意思，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我攻讀博士學(xué)位3個(gè)月的時(shí)候，在一節(jié)組織學(xué)課上，我自信地解釋了我的解釋，但我的小組成員無視了我的答案。A.checked檢查；B.copied復(fù)制；C.dismissed不接受，不理會(huì)；D.announced宣告。根據(jù)后文“butmygroupmembers_______myanswers.Ipressedfurther:“Iliterallystudiedthisduringmymaster’sdegree.””以及“Butnooneacknowledgeditorapologized.”可知，“我”的小組成員“不接受”“我”的答案。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：教授和全班同學(xué)一起核對(duì)答案，確認(rèn)我答對(duì)了。A.club俱樂部；B.class班級(jí)；C.company公司；D.committee委員會(huì)。根據(jù)前文“inahistology(組織學(xué))class”可知，這里是教授在“班級(jí)”里檢查答案。故選B項(xiàng)。【24題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：教授和全班同學(xué)一起核對(duì)答案，確認(rèn)我答對(duì)了。A.generous慷慨的；B.rude粗魯?shù)模籆.healthy健康的；D.correct正確的。根據(jù)后文“Butnooneacknowledgeditorapologized.”（但是沒有人承認(rèn)這一點(diǎn)或道歉），可知教授檢查答案后確認(rèn)“我”是“正確的”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的話讓我深受打擊。A.words話；B.books書；C.excuses借口；D.fists拳頭。根據(jù)前文“Shesaid:“Sometimespeoplestruggletobelievesomethingsaidwithanunfamiliaraccent.””可知，導(dǎo)師說的“話”讓“我”深受打擊。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：難道我的聲音聽起來與眾不同，就應(yīng)該被忽視或不被重視嗎？A.looked看起來；B.became成為；C.sounded聽起來；D.felt感覺。根據(jù)前文導(dǎo)師說的“Sometimespeoplestruggletobelievesomethingsaidwithanunfamiliaraccent.”（有時(shí)人們很難相信帶有不熟悉口音說的話）可知，這里是說因?yàn)椤拔摇薄奥犉饋怼辈煌?，所以不被認(rèn)真對(duì)待。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)我想在小組中做點(diǎn)什么，想說出來的時(shí)候，課堂上那段經(jīng)歷的記憶就會(huì)阻止我。A.purchase購(gòu)買；B.contribute貢獻(xiàn)；C.store儲(chǔ)存；D.order訂購(gòu)。根據(jù)后文“inagroupsettingandIthoughtaboutspeakingup”（在小組環(huán)境中并且我考慮發(fā)言）可知，這里是說任何時(shí)候“我”在小組中有東西要“貢獻(xiàn)”，“contribute”有“貢獻(xiàn)，提供”的意思，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)我想在小組中做點(diǎn)什么，想說出來的時(shí)候，課堂上那段經(jīng)歷的記憶就會(huì)阻止我。A.stopped阻止；B.relieved緩解；C.moved移動(dòng)；D.encouraged鼓勵(lì)。根據(jù)前文“AnytimeIhadsomethingto______inagroupsettingandIthoughtaboutspeakingup,thememoryofthatexperienceinclass…”以及下文“Bytheendofmyfirstyear,myconfidencehadhitrockbottom.”可知，課堂上的那次經(jīng)歷阻止了“我”發(fā)言，“stopped”表示“阻止”，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我感覺被自己的聲音困住了。A.attracted吸引；B.awakened喚醒；C.trapped困?。籇.cheated欺騙。根據(jù)前文“Bytheendofmyfirstyear,myconfidencehadhitrockbottom.”（到第一年年底，我的信心降到了谷底）可知，“我”感覺被自己的聲音“困住”了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但我下定決心，要通過調(diào)整自己的講話來克服這個(gè)問題。A.printing打印；B.broadcasting廣播；C.writing寫；D.adjusting調(diào)整。根據(jù)后文“Iworkedonmyenunciation(清楚的表達(dá))andslowingdownwhenI_______.”可知，“我”決定通過“調(diào)整”自己的講話來克服問題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我努力使自己發(fā)音清晰，說話時(shí)放慢語速。A.ran跑步；B.spoke說話；C.ate吃；D.drank喝。根據(jù)前文“Iworkedonmyenunciation(清楚的表達(dá))andslowingdown…”可知，“我”在“說話”時(shí)努力清楚表達(dá)并放慢語速。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在小組會(huì)議和演講中，我學(xué)會(huì)了調(diào)整演講的節(jié)奏。A.refused拒絕；B.failed失?。籆.happened發(fā)生；D.learned學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)前文“我”決定調(diào)整講話方式，以及“Ingroupmeetingsandpresentations,I_______topacemyspeech.”可知，在小組會(huì)議和展示中，“我”“學(xué)會(huì)”控制自己的語速。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：漸漸地，這些變化幫助降低了一些障礙。A.changes改變；B.mistakes錯(cuò)誤；C.comments評(píng)論；D.tests測(cè)試。根據(jù)前文“我”所做的調(diào)整講話方式的改變，以及下文“…h(huán)elpedlowersomeofthebarriers.”可知，這些“改變”幫助降低了一些障礙。故選A項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我變得不太可能被誤解，我能夠與我的同學(xué)交往，并確保我的貢獻(xiàn)得到認(rèn)可。A.trusted信任；B.unemployed失業(yè)；C.misunderstood誤解；D.noticed注意。根據(jù)前文“我”所做的調(diào)整講話方式的努力，以及后文“…andIwasableto_______myclassmatesandensuremycontributionswererecognized”可知，“我”不太可能被“誤解”了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我變得不太可能被誤解，我能夠與我的同學(xué)交往，并確保我的貢獻(xiàn)得到認(rèn)可。A.thinkof想起；B.dependon依靠；C.lookafter照顧；D.engagewith與……互動(dòng)。根據(jù)前文“我”不太可能被誤解了，以及后文“ensuremycontributionswererecognized.”可知，“我”能夠與同學(xué)們“互動(dòng)”并確保“我”的貢獻(xiàn)得到認(rèn)可，“engagewith”表示“與……互動(dòng)”，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnDecember4,2024,theUnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)addedtheSpringFestivaltotheRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))ofHumanity.AsasignaturepartofChineseculture,theSpringFestival,alsocalledChineseNewYear,isoneofthemostimportantfestivals____36____(practice)inChinaandaroundthe