中考英語 中國傳統(tǒng)：折紙、唐卡、書法、泥人張、龍井炒茶、扎染、福建連史紙、徐州香囊、小提琴制作（解析版）

30中國傳統(tǒng)工藝折紙、唐卡、書法、泥人張、龍井炒茶、扎染、福建連史紙、徐州香囊、小提琴制作天津泥人張”泥人張”，又名“泥人張彩塑藝術(shù)”，是天津市的一種民間文化，是中華民族雕塑的重要代表、國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)?！澳嗳藦垺皠?chuàng)始于清代道光年間，創(chuàng)始人張明山成立了“塑古齋”，并帶領(lǐng)家族進(jìn)行彩塑藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作與制作，經(jīng)過上百年的傳承與發(fā)展，已有張玉亭、張景祜、張乃英、張宇等六代傳承人，“泥人張”開辦有天津泥人張彩塑工作室、泥人張世家繪塑老作坊、泥人張美術(shù)館等，作品以人物肖像、中國古典文學(xué)、民間戲曲、民間故事、民生民俗等為主要題材，具有寫實(shí)性風(fēng)格、人物形神兼?zhèn)涞人囆g(shù)特征，作品有《殯儀式》《福?[lù]壽三星》《賣糖堆兒》等，具備歷史、藝術(shù)、社會等價(jià)值意義，如作品《余三勝像》被京劇界認(rèn)為是京劇史上第一件記錄了京劇形象的作品，作品《夢娃》是中國夢系列公益廣告的代言人，“泥人張”彩塑藝術(shù)被公認(rèn)為天津的一絕。2006年，“泥人張”經(jīng)中華人民共和國國務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)列入第一批國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄。一、完形填空AOrigami(折紙),atraditionalskill,hasahistoryofover2,000years.Butithasjustcomeintothepubliceyeaccordingto74-year-oldLiXingwang.Itisthetwenty-thirdyearforhimtogoonthiswork.Withonlyapieceof1,Lishowshisexcellent“fingertipballet(指尖芭蕾)”skills.Hishomeislikeatiny“zoo”.Itisfilledwithpaper-worksindifferentsizesandshapesof2suchasducks,horsesanddragons.Heismost3ofaChinesedragonwith1,444scales(鱗片)onthedeskinhisreadingroom.Ittookhimnearlyhalfayeartofinishthis4work.Hespentmostofhistimemakingthescales5itisthehardestprocess.Heplanstoshowtheworknextyearinanexhibition.1．A．cake B．bread C．wood D．paper2．A．buildings B．people C．a(chǎn)nimals D．plants3．A．proud B．sure C．shy D．a(chǎn)fraid4．A．necessary B．wonderful C．boring D．strange5．A．so B．because C．though D．but【答案】1．D2．C3．A4．B5．B【知識點(diǎn)】其他人、傳統(tǒng)工藝【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了74歲的李星旺對折紙藝術(shù)的熱愛和成就。1．句意：李只用一張紙展示了他出色的“指尖芭蕾”技巧。cake蛋糕；bread面包；wood木頭；paper紙。根據(jù)“Origami(折紙)”可知，折紙制作所需的材料，顯然使用的是“紙”。故選D。2．句意：里面擺滿了各種大小和形狀的紙質(zhì)作品，如鴨子、馬和龍。buildings建筑物；people人；animals動(dòng)物；plants植物。根據(jù)“suchasducks,horsesanddragons”可知，這些作品都是動(dòng)物，故選C。3．句意：他最自豪的是書房桌子上的一條有1444片鱗片的中國龍。proud自豪的；sure確信的；shy害羞的；afraid害怕的。根據(jù)“ofaChinesedragonwith1,444scales(鱗片)onthedeskinhisreadingroom”和下文“Heplanstoshowtheworknextyearinanexhibition.”可知，李對他的作品感到自豪。故選A。4．句意：這個(gè)精彩的作品花了他將近半年的時(shí)間才完成。necessary必要的；wonderful精彩的；boring無聊的；strange奇怪的。根據(jù)“Chinesedragonwith1,444scales(鱗片)onthedeskinhisreadingroom.”和對作品的描述可推測，這是一個(gè)精彩的作品。故選B。5．句意：他花了大部分時(shí)間制作鱗片，因?yàn)檫@是最困難的過程。so因此；because因?yàn)?；though盡管；but但是。根據(jù)題干可知，因?yàn)橹谱鼢[片是最困難的過程，所以花了他很多的時(shí)間，前果后因，故選B。BThang-gaisaspecialkindofpainting.Itwas6onlyinXizang,China.ItstartedfromTangdynastyandwas7inthe7thcentury.Thang-gapaintingsshowpeople’slifeinXizang.Inrecentyears,Thang-gapaintingshavecaughtpublic’s8.Atthesametime,Chinesegovernmenthasalsotriedhardtoprotecttheart.ThecolorsofThang-gapaintingslookwonderfulandspecial.9thespecialenvironmentofXizangandtheexcellentskillsofartists,thepaints10inThang-gapaintingsaredifferentfromotherpaints.Thepaintsaremadebyhandandthebeautiful11canlastforhundredsofyears.12,withthedevelopmentoftechnology,peoplenowusecheaperandmoreeasily-madechemicals(化學(xué)制品)tomakeThang-gapaints.ThetraditionalpaintsusedinThang-gapaintingstookalotof13andtheyweremadeinsecretways.Laterpeoplestoppedmakingthepaintsand14aboutthem.Sotheskillsneededtomakethemwerealmostlost.ThetraditionalThang-gapaintsare15tofindnow.6．A．found B．saved C．repaired D．chosen7．A．described B．discussed C．developed D．divided8．A．course B．a(chǎn)ttention C．business D．pride9．A．Insteadof B．Becauseof C．Asfor D．Exceptfor10．A．laid B．created C．thrown D．used11．A．tools B．colors C．shapes D．memories12．A．However B．Still C．Again D．Once13．A．space B．business C．water D．work14．A．cared B．talked C．forgot D．thought15．A．quick B．slow C．easy D．difficult【答案】6．A7．C8．B9．B10．D11．B12．A13．D14．C15．D【知識點(diǎn)】傳統(tǒng)工藝、中華文化、美術(shù)與攝影【導(dǎo)語】本文主要向我們介紹了傳統(tǒng)民間藝術(shù)“唐卡”，它是我國西藏地區(qū)的繪畫作品，因?yàn)槲鞑氐貐^(qū)的獨(dú)特環(huán)境，使得唐卡與其他藝術(shù)作品不一樣，文章著重講了唐卡的歷史、特點(diǎn)及現(xiàn)狀。6．句意：它只在中國西藏被發(fā)現(xiàn)。found發(fā)現(xiàn)；saved拯救；repaired修理；chosen選擇。根據(jù)“onlyinXizang,China”可知，此處指它只在中國西藏可以被發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A。7．句意：它始于唐朝，發(fā)展于7世紀(jì)。described描述；discussed討論；developed發(fā)展；divided分開。根據(jù)“ItstartedfromTangdynasty”并結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，此處講述唐卡的歷史，指發(fā)展于7世紀(jì)。故選C。8．句意：近年來，唐卡畫引起了公眾的關(guān)注。course過程；attention注意；business生意；pride驕傲。根據(jù)下文“Atthesametime,Chinesegovernmenthasalsotriedhardtoprotecttheart.”可知，中國政府也在盡力保護(hù)這種藝術(shù)，所以可推知，唐卡繪畫引起了公眾的關(guān)注。故選B。9．句意：由于西藏的特殊環(huán)境和藝術(shù)家的精湛技藝，唐卡畫中使用的顏料與其他顏料不同。Insteadof代替；Becauseof由于；Asfor至于；Exceptfor除了。根據(jù)“thespecialenvironmentofXizangandtheexcellentskillsofartists”以及“thepaints…inThang-gapaintingsaredifferentfromotherpaints”的語境可知，此處表示原因。故選B。10．句意：由于西藏的特殊環(huán)境和藝術(shù)家的精湛技藝，唐卡畫中使用的顏料與其他顏料不同。laid放置；created創(chuàng)造；thrown扔；used使用。根據(jù)空后的“inThang-gapaintings”并結(jié)合語境可知，此處指唐卡畫中使用的顏料。故選D。11．句意：這些顏料是手工制作的，美麗的顏色可以持續(xù)數(shù)百年。tools工具；colors顏色；shapes形狀；memories記憶。根據(jù)“Thepaints”可知，此處指顏料的顏色。故選B。12．句意：然而，隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展，人們現(xiàn)在使用更便宜、更容易制造的化學(xué)品來制造唐卡顏料。However可是；Still仍然；Again再一次；Once曾經(jīng)。上文講述唐卡顏料的獨(dú)特性，與空后的句子在句意上發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A。13．句意：唐卡畫中使用的傳統(tǒng)顏料需要大量的工作，而且是秘密制作的。space空間；business生意；water水；work工作。根據(jù)“theyweremadeinsecretways”可知，此處表示唐卡顏料的制造工序。故選D。14．句意：后來人們停止制作顏料，忘記了它們。cared關(guān)心；talked談話；forgot忘記；thought想。根據(jù)下文“Sotheskillsneededtomakethemwerealmostlost.”可知，此處指人們忘記了制作顏料的技能。故選C。15．句意：現(xiàn)在很難找到傳統(tǒng)的唐卡顏料。quick快速的；slow緩慢的；easy容易的；difficult困難的。根據(jù)上文“Sotheskillsneededtomakethemwerealmostlost.”可知，制作唐卡顏料所需的技能幾乎消失了，所以很難找到傳統(tǒng)的唐卡顏料。故選D。C請閱讀下面短文，理解其大意，然后從每小題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出一個(gè)能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。IntheChinesehistory,writingtoolsplayanimportantrole.Amongthem,thewritingbrushisthefirstonethatshouldbepaidattentionto.Thebeginning16thewritingbrushinChinacangobacktotheNeolithicAge(新石器時(shí)代),whileitspopularitywasduringtheWarringStatesPeriod(戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期).Thistoolis17usedinChinesewritingandpainting.Nowadays,calligraphy(書法)classes18tostudentsatschool.Teachersteachstudentshowtousethewritingbrush19andspreadtraditionalChineseculture.Thesoftbrushcancreatestrongandpowerfullinesonpaper.Butthatonlycomesthroughyearsof20work.Ifyouwanttobeanexcellentwritingartistandbehighlypraisedbyothers,youneedtokeep21foralongtimeeveryday.FormanyChineseartists,thebrushismorethanawritingtool.“Itseemsinmyblood.22Ipickupthewritingbrush,suddenlymythoughts,ideasandevenstoriesbuildarelationshipwiththebrush,”saidLiuQinghe,afamousChineseartist.Withagoodwritingbrush,whenwe23ourideasintoit,wegiveitlife.16．A．of B．with C．to17．A．politely B．nearly C．widely18．A．a(chǎn)reproduced B．a(chǎn)redivided C．a(chǎn)retaught19．A．tocry B．toenjoy C．totrade20．A．secret B．hard C．a(chǎn)ccidental21．A．practicing B．connecting C．completing22．A．When B．Until C．Although23．A．manage B．enter C．put【答案】16．A17．C18．C19．B20．B21．A22．A23．C【知識點(diǎn)】中華文化、傳統(tǒng)工藝【導(dǎo)語】這篇文章屬于說明文的文體，主要介紹了毛筆在中國文化中的重要性、歷史背景、以及現(xiàn)代書法教育中的應(yīng)用和意義。16．句意：毛筆在中國的起源可以追溯到新石器時(shí)代，而它的流行則是在戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期。of…的；with和…一起；to朝著，向著。根據(jù)“Thebeginning”可知，此處指毛筆的起源。故選A。17．句意：這個(gè)工具在中文寫作和繪畫中被廣泛使用。politely有禮貌地；nearly幾乎，將近；widely廣泛地。根據(jù)“whileitspopularitywasduringtheWarringStatesPeriod”可知，毛筆在戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期就開始流行，可推知它是被廣泛使用。故選C。18．句意：如今，孩子們在校內(nèi)學(xué)習(xí)書法。areproduced被生產(chǎn)；aredivided被劃分；aretaught被教授。根據(jù)“Teachersteachstudentshowto…”可知，學(xué)生在校內(nèi)學(xué)習(xí)書法，所以書法是作為課程被教授的。故選C。19．句意：老師們教學(xué)生如何使用毛筆享受并傳播中國傳統(tǒng)文化。tocry哭喊；toenjoy享受；totrade交易。根據(jù)“andspreadtraditionalChineseculture”可知，老師教學(xué)生們使用毛筆，是為了享受和傳播中國傳統(tǒng)文化。故選B。20．句意：但那只有通過多年辛苦練習(xí)才能實(shí)現(xiàn)。secret秘密的；hard辛苦的；accidental偶然的。根據(jù)“yearsof”可知，想要用軟毛筆在紙上創(chuàng)造出強(qiáng)烈而有力的線條，需要多年辛苦的練習(xí)。故選B。21．句意：如果你想成為一名優(yōu)秀的書法藝術(shù)家并受到他人的高度評價(jià)，你需要每天堅(jiān)持練習(xí)很長時(shí)間。practicing練習(xí)；connecting連接；completing比賽。根據(jù)“foralongtimeeveryday”可知，想成為一名優(yōu)秀的書寫藝術(shù)家并受到他人的高度評價(jià)，需要的是長時(shí)間的練習(xí)。故選A。22．句意：每當(dāng)我拿起毛筆時(shí)，突然我的思想、想法甚至故事都與毛筆建立了聯(lián)系。When當(dāng)…時(shí)；Until直到；Although盡管。根據(jù)“Ipickupthewritingbrush”可知，我的思想、想法甚至故事都與毛筆建立聯(lián)系是在我拿起鋼筆時(shí)。故選A。23．句意：有一支好毛筆，當(dāng)我們將我們的想法注入其中時(shí)，我們就賦予了它生命。manage設(shè)法；enter進(jìn)入；put放。根據(jù)“ourideasintoit”可知，此處指把想法放入其中。故選C。二、閱讀理解AChinesecalligraphyisanimportantpartoftraditionalChineseculture.CalligraphystartedinChinaandspreadtootherpartsofAsiawithChineseculture.Ithasahistoryof4,000to5,000years.CalligraphyistheartofwritingChinesecharacters(漢字)andrulesofwritingwithabrush.Whenyoupracticecalligraphy,itisimportanttopayattentiontothechangesofthestrokes(筆畫)andthespacesbetweencharacters.Therearemanyfamouscalligraphersinhistory,suchasWangXizhiandYanZhenqing.Differentcalligraphyworkscanshowdifferentcalligraphers’feelingsandpersonalities.Today,theycanbeseenonthewallsofoffices,shops,hotelsandmanyotherplaces.“IfIliveinChina,Iwillbecomeacalligrapherratherthanapainterforsure,”theworld-famousmasterofart,Picassosaid.HefellinlovewithChinesecalligraphyassoonashesawZhangDaqian’sworks.Thetoolforpracticingcalligraphyiscalligraphybrushes.Theyareusuallymadefromthehairofdifferentanimals.Practicingcalligraphytakesalotoftimeandmanypeopletakelessonstolearnit.Duringthelessons,theycanlearnhowtowritedifferentstrokesofChinesecharacters.Ifyou’reinterestedinit,youmaystartpracticingwithateacherrightaway.Calligraphy,anamazingtraditionalartform,showsthelovethatallChinesepeoplehaveforcultureandbeauty.Chinesepeopleofallagespracticecalligraphyoften,nottobeacalligrapher,buttoenjoythepeacefulmind.24．Whatdoweneedtopayattentiontowhenwepracticecalligraphy?A．Thechangesofthestrokes(筆畫)andthespacesbetweencharacter.B．Calligraphybrushes.C．Chineseculture.D．Practicecalligraphy.25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”referto?A．WangXizhiandYanZhenqing. B．Manyfamouscalligraphers.C．Differentcalligraphyworks. D．Differentcalligraphers’feelingsandpersonalities.26．WhendidPicassofallinlovewithChinesecalligraphy?A．Whenhebecomeacalligrapher. B．Whenhebecomeapainter.C．WhenhesawZhangDaqian’sworks. D．WhenheliveinChina.27．WhydoChinesepeopleofallagespracticecalligraphyoften?A．Theywanttobeacalligrapher. B．Theywanttoenjoythepeacefulmind.C．Theywanttoshowtheloveforcultureandbeauty. D．Theyhaveinterestincalligraphy.28．Whatisthestructureofthispassage?A．①/②③④⑤ B．①②③④/⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ D．①/②③④/⑤【答案】24．A25．C26．C27．B28．D【知識點(diǎn)】傳統(tǒng)工藝、說明文、中華文化【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了中國的書法藝術(shù)。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenyoupracticecalligraphy,itisimportanttopayattentiontothechangesofthestrokes(筆畫)andthespacesbetweencharacters.”可知，練習(xí)書法時(shí)，需要注意筆畫的變化和字間的間距。故選A。25．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Differentcalligraphyworkscanshowdifferentcalligraphers’feelingsandpersonalities.”可知，此處的they指代的是不同的書法作品。故選C。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HefellinlovewithChinesecalligraphyassoonashesawZhangDaqian’sworks.”可知，畢加索在看到張大千的作品時(shí)愛上了中國書法。故選C。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Chinesepeopleofallagespracticecalligraphyoften,nottobeacalligrapher,buttoenjoythepeacefulmind.”可知，中國人練習(xí)書法是為了享受寧靜的心境。故選B。28．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章的第一段主要是引入中國書法這一話題；第二、三、四段分別介紹了著名的書法家、喜歡書法的原因、毛筆；第五段再次總結(jié)，所以是總分總的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。BClayFigurineZhang(NiRenZhang)isfamousfolkartinnorthChina’sTianjinandhasahistoryofnearly200years.Itisakindofpaintedfigurine(小塑像)madeofclay.Thefigurinesarelovedbothathomeandabroad.Butmakingoneisdifficultandrequiresahighlevelofskill.Itsometimestakesmonthstocompleteafinefigurine.ClayFigurineZhangwascreatedbyZhangMingshaninthelateQingDynasty.ZhanggrewupinTianjin.Hestartedtolearnhowtomakeclayfigurinesfromhisfatherwhenhewasachildandsoondevelopedagreatinterestinit.Hewatchedpeoplewhoworkedondifferentjobsinthesocietyandputwhathesawintohisclayfigurines.Healsoaddedwesternskillstothistraditionalart.Hebecamefamouswiththesewonderfulclayfigurines.Now,thisgreatfolkarthasbeenpasseddowntoZhangYu,thesixthgeneration(代)clayfigurinemakerinthisfamily.ZhangYuworksveryhardtodevelophisskillsandcarrytheartforward.Andtointroducethisarttotheyoung,healsoteachesinsomeuniversities.“Newgenerations(代)shouldbeallowedtolearnthetraditionalChineseculturetheyareinterestedinandimprovethecultureswiththeirownideas,”ZhangYusaid.29．Howcanwedescribetheprocessofmakingafigurine?A．Lovely. B．Stressful. C．Difficult. D．Popular.30．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutZhangMingshan?A．Heputwhathesawinlifeintohisclayfigurines.B．Hedislikedusingwesternskillsinmakingclayfigurines.C．HecreatedClayFigurineZhangintheearlyQingDynasty.D．Hebecameinterestedinmakingclayfigurineswhenhewasten.31．Tomakeyoungpeopleknowhefolkart,ZhangYu________.A．triestointroducethisarttoforeigners B．worksinsomeuniversitiesasateacherC．isthesixthgenerationclayfigurinemaker D．studiesthefolkarthardfromhisfather32．Themainpurposeofwritingthepassageisto________.A．showhowtomakeclayfigurines B．makeClayFigurineZhangbetterC．showhowfamousClayFigurineZhangis D．introducethefolkartClayFigurineZhang【答案】29．C30．A31．B32．D【知識點(diǎn)】傳統(tǒng)工藝、其他著名人物、記敘文【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了中國北方天津著名的民間藝術(shù)——泥人張的由來以及它的發(fā)展。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第二段“Butmakingoneisdifficultandrequiresahighlevelofskill.”可知制作一個(gè)泥人張是困難的，而且要求很高的技藝水平。故選C。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第三段“Hewatchedpeoplewhoworkedondifferentjobsinthesocietyandputwhathesawintohisclayfigurines.”可知他觀察社會上從事不同工作的人，然后把他看到的東西放進(jìn)他的泥塑中。故選A。31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第四段“Andtointroducethisarttotheyoung,healsoteachesinsomeuniversities.”可知為了把這種藝術(shù)介紹給年輕人，他也在一些大學(xué)任教。故選B。32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中第五段“NewgenerationsshouldbeallowedtolearnthetraditionalChineseculturetheyareinterestedinandimprovethecultureswiththeirownideas.”可知應(yīng)該允許新一代人學(xué)習(xí)他們感興趣的中國傳統(tǒng)文化，并用自己的想法來改進(jìn)文化。可推斷出作者寫這篇文章的目的是向我們介紹泥人張民俗藝術(shù)。故選D。C根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。FanShenghuaisoneoftheinheritors(繼承人)ofWestLakeLongjingtearoastingtechnique(炒茶技藝).33Longjingtealeavesarefamousfortheircolor,tasteandshape.“Youhavetotouchtheleaveswithyourhandstofeelhowmuchwaterisbeingremoved(去除),”Fansaid.34Thistraditionaltechniquedatesback(追溯)totheMingandQingDynasties.Itnotonlymakestheteatastegood,buthasalsobecomeanimportantpartofChineseteaculture.35“It’seasier,butthequalityisnotasgood,”Fansaid.“Machine-madeteafloats(浮動(dòng))longerinwaterandtastesbitter(苦的).”Twoyearsago,whenPresidentXiJinpingvisitedHangzhou,hewatchedFanroasttea.36Xilatersaid,“Thethingsmadebytwopalms(手掌)cannotbereplacedbymoderntechnology.”37Hisson,a27yearoldcollegegraduate(畢業(yè)生),isoneofthem.“It’satradition.Weneedtopassitdown,”hesaid.A．TherearemanydifferentkindsofteainChina.B．Iftoomuchisremoved,theleaveswillbreakintopieces;ifnotenoughisremoved,theteawilltastebitter(苦的).C．Fanisnowteachingsomeyoungmen.D．Fanchangedthestrengthandmovementofhishandsasheroastedleaves.E．HehasbeenmakingLongjingteaformorethanfortyyears.F．WeshouldplayaroleinspreadingthetraditionaltechniqueG．Thesedays,however,morepeopleareusingmachinestodothejob.【答案】33．E34．B35．G36．D37．C【知識點(diǎn)】其他著名人物、中華文化、傳統(tǒng)工藝【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講了西湖龍井炒茶繼承人——樊生華的故事。33．根據(jù)“FanShenghuaisoneoftheinheritors(繼承人)ofWestLakeLongjingtearoastingtechnique(炒茶技藝).”可知，此處是介紹樊生華與這項(xiàng)技藝的時(shí)間關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)E“他泡龍井茶已經(jīng)有四十多年了”符合語境。故選E。34．根據(jù)“‘Youhavetotouchtheleaveswithyourhandstofeelhowmuchwaterisbeingremoved(去除),’”可知，此處是在解釋若去除太多或太少的后果，選項(xiàng)B“如果切得太多，葉子會碎成碎片；如果去掉的不夠，茶嘗起來會很苦”符合語境。故選B。35．根據(jù)“‘It’seasier,butthequalityisnotasgood,’Fansaid.‘Machine-madeteafloats(浮動(dòng))longerinwaterandtastesbitter(苦的).’”可知，此處描述的是現(xiàn)在人們的習(xí)慣性改變，現(xiàn)在人們喜歡用機(jī)器來工作，選項(xiàng)G“然而，現(xiàn)在越來越多的人使用機(jī)器來做這項(xiàng)工作”符合語境。故選G。36．根據(jù)“Thethingsmadebytwopalms(手掌)cannotbereplacedbymoderntechnology.”可知，此處描述習(xí)近平觀看樊炒茶時(shí)的具體情況，選項(xiàng)D“樊在烤茶葉時(shí)改變了雙手的力量和動(dòng)作”符合語境。故選D。37．根據(jù)“Hisson,a27yearoldcollegegraduate(畢業(yè)生),isoneofthem.”可知，此處在講述傳承技藝，選項(xiàng)C“樊現(xiàn)在教一些年輕人”符合語境。故選C。三、任務(wù)型閱讀Wheredothecolorsofyourclothescomefrom?Theanswerisdye.Theclotheswewearthesedaysaremainlydyedwithchemicalsinfactories.Butinthepast,peopledidthisbyhandandthedyesoftencamefromplants.Withahistoryofmorethan1,000years,tie-dye(扎染)isaveryoldwayofdyeingclothesinChina.ItismostpopularamongtheBaiethnicgroupinYunnan.DuringtheTang(618-907)andSong(960-1279)dynasties,peoplegavetie-dyedclothestotheemperorasgifts.In(A)2006,thetie-dyetechniquewasaddedtoChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritagelist.YangCheng,(B)52,istheinheritor(傳承人)oftie-dyeinAnning,Yunnan.Helearnedtheskillfromhismotherinthe1980s.Andhehaspasseditdowntohisdaughter.Yanghasknownaboutalltheoldskillsoftie-dye.Totie-dye,youfirstneedtousethreadstotieyourclothtogether.Thenyouputtheclothintothedye.Astheclothisfoldedanddyed,somepartsbecomedarkblue,whileotherpartshavealightercolor.Whenyouunfoldthecloth,you’llseebeautifulpatterns.Atthesametime,Yanghasstudiedtie-dyeinothercountries,suchasJapan,IndiaandFrance.Healsotriestomakesomecreativedesigns.Heoncemadetwosetsoftie-dyedweddingdresses.HeusedalmostalltheskillsofAnningtie-dye.Somepatternsonthedressesaretraditionalsuchassmallfishroes,whileothersaremodern.HeaddedDianchiLakeandeightpopularflowersinYunnan.Now,Yangteachestie-dyeinschools,communitiesandcompanies.Morethan(C)100,000peoplehavelearnedtheskillfromhim,hesaid.Somemightworrythatthemachinerydyeingwilltaketheplaceoftie-dye.ButYangisconfident.“Attheendoftheday,machinescan’treplaceourcreativehands,”Yangsaid.38．Wheredidthedyesoftheclothescomefrominthepast?39．HowdidYangChenglearntie-dye?

40．Whatmakeseachpieceofclothhavedifferentcolors?41．What’stheChinesemeaningof“threads”inParagraph3?42．WhatdidYangChengaddonthemodernweddingdresses?43．AskONEquestionaboutoneofthefollowingnumbersfromthepassage.(A)2006(B)52(C)100,000【答案】38．Theycamefromplants.39．Helearnedtheskillfromhismotherandstudiedinothercountries.40．Foldinganddyeingthecloth.41．線42．HeaddedDianchiLakeandeightpopularflowersinYunnan.43．Whenwasthetie-dyetechniqueaddedtoChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritagelist?/HowoldisYangCheng?/Howmanypeoplehavelearnedtie-dyefromYangCheng?【知識點(diǎn)】傳統(tǒng)工藝、說明文【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要用來解釋和介紹扎染這一傳統(tǒng)技藝及其現(xiàn)代發(fā)展。38．根據(jù)第一段“Butinthepast,peopledidthisbyhandandthedyesoftencamefromplants.”可知，過去的染料是來自植物。故填Theycamefromplants.39．根據(jù)第二段“Helearnedtheskillfromhismother”以及第四段“Atthesametime,Yanghasstudiedtie-dyeinothercountries”可知，楊成從他母親和其他國家那里學(xué)了技術(shù)。故填Helearnedtheskillfromhismotherandstudiedinothercountries.40．根據(jù)第三段“Astheclothisfoldedanddyed,somepartsbecomedarkblue,whileotherpartshavealightercolor.”可知，布料被折疊和染色后不同部分會呈現(xiàn)深淺不同的顏色。故填Foldinganddyeingthecloth.41．根據(jù)第三段“youfirstneedtousethreadstotieyourclothtogether.”可知，你首先需要用線把布料綁在一起。故劃線處含義為“線”。故填線。42．根據(jù)第五段“HeaddedDianchiLakeandeightpopularflowersinYunnan.”可知，他在現(xiàn)代婚紗上添加了滇池和云南的八種流行花卉。故填HeaddedDianchiLakeandeightpopularflowersinYunnan.43．根據(jù)第一段“In(A)2006,thetie-dyetechniquewasaddedtoChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritagelist.”可知，2006表示扎染技術(shù)被列入中國國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄的時(shí)間，對其提問用“Whenwasthetie-dyetechniqueaddedtoChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritagelist?”根據(jù)第二段“YangCheng,(B)52,”可知，52是楊成的年齡。用“HowoldisYangCheng?”提問。根據(jù)“Morethan(C)100,000peoplehavelearnedtheskillfromhim,hesaid.”可知，100,000是指從楊成那里學(xué)到了這項(xiàng)技能的人。用“Howmanypeoplehavelearnedtie-dyefromYangCheng?”提問。故填Whenwasthetie-dyetechniqueaddedtoChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritagelist?/HowoldisYangCheng?/Howmanypeoplehavelearnedtie-dyefromYangCheng?四、短文填空A根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞，使其意思完整。WhenwetalkaboutChinesehandmadepaper,p44youthinkofXuanpaper.However,therearedifferentkindsindifferentplaces,andLianshipaper(連史紙)fromFujianisoneofthem.Goingback400years,Lianshipaperismadebyhandusingb45.AccordingtoFujianDaily,Lianshipaperweighsonly19grams(克)persquaremeter,b46itisstrong.Thankstothis,Lianshipaperwaslistedasaprovincialintangibleculturalheritage(省級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))inFujianin2008.DengJinkunisalocalinheritor(傳承人)ofLianshipaper.Learningtheskillsformorethan30years,the54-year-oldinheritorcontinuestheworkofmakingpapersilk.Dengsaid“makingLianshipaperhas72steps,i47cuttingbamboo,soaking(浸濕),makingpulp(紙漿)anddrying.W48makesitstandoutisitsbleaching(漂白)technology”.“InMayeachyear,bambooiscutoff,andsoakedinlime(石灰)twice.Thebambooisthensteamed(蒸)atah49temperature.Afterthatit’sbleachedonthemountainforfourmonths.”Dengsaid.“Thenaturalbleachingprocessmakesitw50”Dengadded.Apartfromcarryingont51art,Dengalsobroughtinnewideasatthesametime.Traditionallythepulpiscollectedusingawoodenframe(木架)heldbytwopeople.“OurLianshipaperneedsonlyonepersona52weusestrings(繩子)tohangoneside.”Dengsaid.Whentheybakethepaper,thebakingwall(紙焙墻)isalsounique.AccordingtoDeng,otherplacesuselimetomakethewall.“AfteratriptotheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChinain2018,Id53tousetabia(三合土)tomakethewallsothatitlastslonger.”Dengsaid.Afteritisbuilt,thetabiabakingwallcanbeusedtomakepaperfor40years.【答案】44．(p)erhaps/(p)robably45．(b)amboo46．(b)ut47．(i)ncluding48．(W)hat49．(h)igh50．(w)hite51．(t)raditional52．(a)s53．(d)ecided【知識點(diǎn)】傳統(tǒng)工藝【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹福建連史紙的制造過程。44．句意：當(dāng)我們談?wù)撝袊止ぜ垥r(shí)，也許你會想到宣紙。根據(jù)“WhenwetalkaboutChinesehandmadepaper,…youthinkofXuanpaper.”的語境及首字母提示可知，此處指當(dāng)我們談?wù)撝袊止ぜ垥r(shí)，也許你會想到宣紙，perhaps/probably“可能”符合。故填(p)erhaps/(p)robably。45．句意：400年前，連史紙是用竹子手工制作的。根據(jù)下文“makingLianshipaperhas72steps…cuttingbamboo…”及首字母提示可知，此處指連史紙是用竹子手工制作的，bamboo“竹子”符合。故填(b)amboo。46．句意：據(jù)《福建日報(bào)》報(bào)道，連史紙每平方米只有19克重，但很結(jié)實(shí)。根據(jù)空前“Lianshipaperweighsonly19grams(克)persquaremeter”及空后“itisstrong”的語境可知，此處句意發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折，but“但是”符合。故填(b)ut。47．句意：鄧說：“制作連史紙有72個(gè)步驟，包括切竹、浸泡、制漿和干燥。讓它脫穎而出的是它的漂白技術(shù)”。根據(jù)語境及首字母提示可知，此處說明制作連史紙的步驟，介詞including“包括”符合。故填(i)ncluding。48．句意：鄧說：“制作連史紙有72個(gè)步驟，包括切竹、浸泡、制漿和干燥。讓它脫穎而出的是它的漂白技術(shù)”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并結(jié)合語境可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中充當(dāng)主語，what“什么”符合，句首首字母大寫。故填(W)hat。49．句意：然后，竹子在高溫下蒸。根據(jù)“Thebambooisthensteamed(蒸)ata…temperature.”的語境及首字母提示可知，此處指在高溫下蒸竹子，high“高的”符合。故填(h)igh。50．句意：鄧補(bǔ)充道：“自然漂白過程使其變白?！?。根據(jù)“Thenaturalbleachingprocess”及首字母提示可知，此處指自然漂白過程使其變白，white“白色的”符合。故填(w)hite。51．句意：鄧在繼承傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)的同時(shí)，也帶來了新的思想。根據(jù)“Dengalsobroughtinnewideasatthesametime”及首字母提示可知，此處指在繼承傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)的同時(shí)，也帶來了新的思想，traditional“傳統(tǒng)的”符合，形容詞作定語。故填(t)raditional。52．句意：我們的連史紙只需要一個(gè)人，因?yàn)槲覀冇美K子掛在一邊。根據(jù)空前“OurLianshipaperneedsonlyoneperson”及空后的“weusestrings(繩子)tohangoneside”的語境可知，此處表示原因，as“因?yàn)椤狈?。故?a)s。53．句意：在2018年參觀了中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)之后，我決定使用三合土來制作這堵墻，這樣它就能持續(xù)更長時(shí)間。根據(jù)“usetabia(三合土)tomakethewall”及首字母提示可知，此處指做出決定，decide“決定”符合，此處指過去發(fā)生的事情，時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)。故填(d)ecided。B閱讀下面的短文，在短文空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式（不超過3個(gè)單詞），使短文的意思完整。將所填答案填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)題號的橫線上。Asachetisasmallbagfilledwithfragrant(芳香的)things,suchasflowersandherbs(草本植物).WearingsachetsdatesbacktotheWarringStatesPeriod(475—221BC).54poemLiSao(《離騷》)bythepoetQuYuanmentionedsachets.Atthattime,people55(wear)sachetsfortheirfragranceandexchangedthemaspresents.Somepeopleeventhoughtitwas56(help)forhealth.XuzhouinJiangsuhasalonghistoryof57(make)sachets.Xuzhousachets58(know)fortheirexquisiteembroidery(精致的刺繡),different59(material)andbrightcolors.Forexample,youcouldhavearedheart-shapedsachet60abutterflyandflowerpattern.Filledwithmedicalherbs,Xuzhousachetscanbothdriveawaymosquitoes(蚊子)61preventillnesses.In2008,Xuzhousachetswere62(lucky)addedtoChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritagelist.So,whynotchooseaXuzhousachetforyourfriend?Itwillbe63(special)giftinhisorherheart.【答案】54．The55．wore56．helpful57．making58．a(chǎn)reknown59．materials60．with61．a(chǎn)nd62．luckily63．themostspecial【知識點(diǎn)】傳統(tǒng)工藝、科普知識【導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了香囊，并著重介紹了徐州香囊。54．句意：詩人屈原的《離騷》一詩中提到了香囊。根據(jù)“...poemLiSao(《離騷》)bythepoetQuYuan”可知，此處特指屈原的詩《離騷》，the符合語境。故填The。55．句意：在那個(gè)時(shí)候，人們佩戴香囊是因?yàn)槠湎阄叮⑺鼈冏鳛槎Y物相互交換。根據(jù)“Atthattime,”可知，句子用一般過去時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式，故填wore。56．句意：有些人甚至認(rèn)為它對健康有益。根據(jù)“itwas...(help)forhealth”可知，此處指對健康有益，behelpfulfor“對……有幫助/有益”，是固定搭配。故填helpful。57．句意：江蘇徐州的香囊制作歷史悠久。介詞“of”后接動(dòng)名詞，故填making。58．句意：徐州香囊以其精美的刺繡、不同的材料和鮮艷的色彩而聞名。根據(jù)“Xuzhousachets...(know)fortheirexquisiteembroidery...”可知，此處是短語beknownfor“因……而出名”，句子敘述事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用are。故填areknown。59．句意：徐州香囊以其精美的刺繡、不同的材料和鮮艷的色彩而聞名。根據(jù)“different...(material)”可知，此處指不同的材料，空前有different修飾，空處應(yīng)填入名詞復(fù)數(shù)materials。故填materials。60．句意：例如，你可以有一個(gè)紅色的心形香囊，上面有蝴蝶和花朵的圖案。根據(jù)“youcouldhavearedheart-shapedsachet...abutterflyandflowerpattern”可知，此處指香囊上有蝴蝶和花朵的圖案，空處應(yīng)是介詞with“有，具有”。故填with。61．句意：徐州香囊內(nèi)裝著草藥，既可以驅(qū)蚊又可以預(yù)防疾病。此處應(yīng)是both...and...“既……又……”，是固定搭配。故填and。62．句意：2008年，徐州香囊有幸被列入中國國家非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄。根據(jù)“Xuzhousachetswere...(lucky)addedtoChina’snationalintangibleculturalheritagel