山西省運(yùn)城市2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末調(diào)研測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

運(yùn)城市2024-2025學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末調(diào)研測(cè)試高二英語(yǔ)試題2025.1本試題滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。答案一律寫(xiě)在答題卡上。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，認(rèn)真核對(duì)條形碼上的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)，并將條形碼粘貼在答題卡的指定位置上。2.答題時(shí)使用0.5毫米的黑色中性（簽字）筆或碳素筆書(shū)寫(xiě)，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)在各題的答題區(qū)域（黑色線框）內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效。4.保持卡面清潔，不折疊，不破損。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome. B.Atabusstop. C.Attheairport.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Youhavetogonow,Judy,oryou’llmissyourflight.It’sanhour’sdrivetotheairport.W:I’mleaving.Don’tforgettowatermyflowers.Justaminute,where’smyticket,Dad?2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whattimeisitnow?A.10:00p.m. B.10:30p.m. C.11:00p.m.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:I’mstarving.DoyouthinkthatMexicanrestaurantisstillopen.M:AsfarasIremember,theyworkuntil10:30p.m.W:Oh,great.Wehave30minutesbeforeitcloses.Ifwehurry,wecanmakeit.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatisthemangoingtodonext?A.Cleantheyard. B.Washhisclothes. C.Watchamovie.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:IwanttoseethefourthmovieofTheHungerGamesseriesonthecomputer.CanI?W:Well,you’dbetterwashyourclothesfirst.AndIneedtocleantheleavesintheyardrightnow.M:OK.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hedidn’tsleepwell. B.Hehasaheadache. C.Hegotsunburned.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Isleptforeighthourslastnight,butmyheadstillhurts.IthinkI’vehadtoomuchsunthesedays.W:Oh,youlookpale.Liedownhere.Iwillcallthedoctor.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】HowwillDavidgettotheclub?A.Bycar. B.Bysubway. C.Bybike.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:David’sgoingtomeetusattheclubaroundsix.M:Good.Howwillhegetthere?Idon’tthinkdrivingisagoodchoiceintherushhour.W:Davidsaidhe’lltaketheunderground.Whataboutus?M:Let’sgobybike.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Husbandandwife. C.Brotherandsister.7.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrow?A.Tidyupthegarage.B.Cleanupthebackyard.C.Gotothesupermarket.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Look,MumhasleftanotewithhouseworkforustodowhilesheandDadareawaythisweekend.W:Let’ssee—tidyupthegarageandcleanupthebackyard.M:Shedoesn’tsaywhichweshoulddofirst.W:Hey,wearenotrobots!Wecanmakeourownplanaslongaseverythinggetsdone.Readtheweatherreportinthenewspaper.M:Hmm.Sunnytoday,cloudytonight,probablyheavyraintomorrow.Well,thatmakesiteasy.Weworkoutsidetodayandinsidetomorrow.W:Yep.Let’sgetstarted.Iwanttogotothesupermarketafterthat.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.WheredidLindahavedinnerlastnight?A.Inahotel.B.Inalocalrestaurant.C.Inherfriend’shouse.9.WhatdidLindadolastnightforthefirsttime?A.SheaterealChinesefood.B.Shelearnedhowtousechopsticks.C.SheexperiencedAmericandiningculture.10.WhatdidLindathinkofthetraditionoffoodsharing?A.Shethoughtitwasstrange.B.Shereallyappreciatedit.C.Shecouldn’tstandit.【答案】8.B9.A10.B【解析】【詳解】M:HowwasyourfirstweekinChina,Linda?W:Itwasgreat!Mylocalfriendstookmetoarestaurantfordinnerlastnightnearmyhotel.M:Cool!Howwasthat?W:Ireallyenjoyedit.ItwasmyfirstChinesediningexperience.M:Yeah?Didn’tyouhaveChinesefoodbeforeintheUnitedStates?W:Oh,ofcourseIdid,butnoneofthemwasveryauthentic.M:Isee.Anyway,soyouwerefamiliarwithchopsticksalready,right?W:Yes.ButIlearnedaboutothertraditionaldiningrulesinChinalastnight.M:Suchas?W:Well,forexample,Chinesepeopleshareallthedishesatthedinnertable.M:Don’tyoudothatinAmerica?W:No.UsuallyeverybodygetstheirownplateoffoodinAmerica.M:Interesting.Didyoufindthesharingstylestrange,then?W:Notatall!Ithoughtitwasverywarm.EverybodywasmakingsurethatIhadenoughtoeat.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.Howdidthemanfeelabouthisperformancetoday?A.Greatlyencouraged. B.Abitdissatisfied. C.Extremelyscared.12.Whathelpedthemanovercometheproblem?A.Patience. B.Luck. C.Determination.13.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Conductinganinterview.B.Holdingapressconference.C.Hostingaceremony.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】W:Welldone.Congratulations!Howareyoufeeling?M:Tired.I’mjusttired.W:Butyoudidsowelltogetsecondplaceintoday’scarrace.M:Well,Icameouthereaimingforthegold.Igotthirdplacelasttime,anditwasnottheresultIhadhopedfor.W:Whathappenedtoday?Youwerelookingextremelygoodatthestart.M:Iblewit!Thecarwasabitoutofcontrol.W:Somepeoplemighthavegivenupatthatpoint.M:Iwasdeterminedtodoit,tofinishtheround.W:So,whatnow?M:Tomorrow’sgoingtobetough,muchtougherthantoday.W:Well,Ithinkyoushowedgreatdeterminationtoday.Goodluckfortomorrow,andthanksforspeakingtous.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.Whatisthewomanrecommendingtotheman?A.Awriter. B.Aclub. C.Acourse.15.Whatisthewomanreadingnow?A.TheBeautifulMind. B.TheGreatGatsby. C.TheKiteRunner.16.Howmuchtimedoesthemanhavetoreadthebook?A.Twoweeks. B.Threeweeks. C.Fourweeks.【答案】14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Hey,John.CanItalktoyouforaminute?M:Sure,what’sup?W:IwanttoletyouknowaboutabookclubIjoinedafewmonthsago.Iknowyoudoalotofreading,soIthoughtyoumightwanttocomewithmenextmonth.M:Oh,thatsoundslikefun.Whendoesthegroupmeet?W:UsuallythelastSaturdayofthemonthat7:30intheevening.Isthattoolateforyou?M:No,Ithinkthat’sOK.Whatdoyoutalkaboutinthegroup?W:Well,everymonthwechooseanewbook,andthenduringthenextmeeting,wediscussit.M:Whatbookshaveyouread?W:Quitealot.RecentlywehavereadTheBeautifulMindandTheGreatGatsby.Nowwe’rereadingTheKiteRunner.M:TheKiteRunner?I’veheardthat’sagoodbook.What’sitabout?W:It’saboutaboywhogrowsupinAfghanistanduringthe1980s.M:Thatsoundsinteresting.I’dlovetocome.W:Great!Thenextmeetingwillbeheldintwoweeks,soyoustillhavetimetoreadthebook.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeaker?A.Adoctor. B.Afitnesscoach. C.APEteacher.18.Whatshouldpeopledobeforestartingexercise?A.Haveanexamination.B.Makeaplan.C.Consulttheirdoctor.19.Whatdoesthespeakeradvisepeopletodo?A.Increasetherunningdistancegradually.B.Avoiddoinganyhardexercise.C.Exerciseatapropertime.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlywanttotellus?A.Howtochooseexercise.B.Howtoruncorrectly.C.Howtokeephealthy.【答案】17.A18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】First,letmeintroducemyself.I’mDrJason,fromourschoolhospital.I’vebeenaskedtospeaktoyouonrunningthisafternoon.IguessmostofwhatI’mgoingtosayisn’tnewtoyou.However,Ialsowantyoutohaveanewlookwhilerunning.I’marunnermyself.Igotintoitinmiddleschool.I’vebeenrunningfor27years.EverymorningIgoouttorunbeforebreakfast.Ithelpsmealot.Isrunningtheonlysportthatcanhelpus?Infact,exerciseseemstobethekeytobetterhealth.Doingalittleexerciseeachday,likeaten-minutewalk,isenoughtostartthelong-runexercise.Youshouldcheckwithyourdoctorbeforeyoubeginanyhardexercise,especiallyifyouareover30.Anditisnogoodoverdoingit.Increaseyourrunningdistanceeverytimeyourun,forinstance,halfamile,twiceaweek.Andifyoustopyourrunningforacoupleofdays,don’ttrytopickitupwhereyouleftoff.Bepatientandbeslow.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ARESTOREANDREWILDThe2024NatureRestorationLawaimstorenewandprotect20percentoftheEuropeanUnion’s(EU’s)decreasedlandby2030.Europeislaunchinghundredsofboldrewildinginitiativesinthefollowingplaces,whichleadstoalotofbenefitsforwildlifeandpeople.ApennineHunting,poisoning,andtrafficaccidentsendangersome60MarsicanbearsinthecentralApennine.Removingoutdatedfencinghelpsthemmovefreelyandthenumberoftouristsisstrictlycontrolled.KraansvlakBison(野牛)introducedtoworkaslandscapeengineersfeedontreesinvadingeasilydestroyedsandhills.Theresult:asustainableecosystemandhabitat.KoitajokiWorktorestore2,500acresofpeatlands(泥炭地)hasbeenbeneficialtobirds,floodreduction,andecosystemsunderthewater,aidingfishsuchasFinland’slastnaturalsalmon.CarpathianMountainsThegovernment’scallingonsustainabletourismleadstodecreasingtouristnumbers.Theregionisseeingthereturnofwildlifetoabandonedfarmland.CONSERVATIONVS.REWILDINGThesetworestorationmodelsareguidedbydifferentapproachesandlong-termgoals.

ConversationRewildingApplicationzoneSmaller,isolatedhabitatsinneedofcarefulmanagementLarge-scalelandscape,marginalfarmland(邊遠(yuǎn)農(nóng)田),orpostindustrialsitesApproachesTheapproachisdefensive,involved,human-ledEmphasizesnaturalprocessesandhands-offmanagementGoalsFocusesonmonitoringanddistributionofendangeredspeciesBoostsrarespecies21.Whatistheintentionoflaunchingthe2024NatureRestorationLaw?A.Toprotecttheworld’sland. B.Toconductwildliferesearch.C.Topromotebiologicalinitiatives. D.TopreservetheEU’sdecliningarea.22.WhatisthecommonapproachusedinApennineandCarpathianMountains?A.Forbiddinghunting. B.Dismissingoutdatedmeasures.C.Limitingtouristnumbers. D.Restoringabandonedlands.23.Whichareaismoresuitableforapplyingrewilding?A.Richfarmland. B.Vastlandscape.C.Isolatedhabitats. D.Preindustrialsites.【答案】21.D22.C23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了歐盟的2024年《自然恢復(fù)法》，以及歐洲在多個(gè)地方開(kāi)展的數(shù)百項(xiàng)大膽的恢復(fù)措施。文章還對(duì)比了保護(hù)與再野化的兩種恢復(fù)模式?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“The2024NatureRestorationLawaimstorenewandprotect20percentoftheEuropeanUnion's（EU’s）decreasedlandby2030.(2024年《自然恢復(fù)法》旨在到2030年更新和保護(hù)歐盟減少土地的20%)”可知，2024年《自然恢復(fù)法》的目的是到2030年更新和保護(hù)歐盟20%的退化土地。D選項(xiàng)“保護(hù)歐盟的退化區(qū)域”符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Apennine部分的“Removingoutdatedfencinghelpsthemmovefreelyandthenumberoftouristsisstrictlycontrolled.(拆除過(guò)時(shí)的圍欄有助于它們自由行動(dòng)，并嚴(yán)格控制游客數(shù)量)”以及CarpathianMountains部分的“Thegovernment’scallingonsustainabletourismleadstodecreasingtouristnumbers.(政府對(duì)可持續(xù)旅游的呼吁導(dǎo)致了旅游人數(shù)的減少)”可知，在亞平寧山脈嚴(yán)格控制游客數(shù)量，在喀爾巴阡山脈呼吁可持續(xù)旅游使游客數(shù)量減少，所以?xún)烧吖餐姆椒ㄊ窍拗朴慰蛿?shù)量。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CONSERVATIONVS.REWILDING中“Rewilding”對(duì)應(yīng)的“Large-scalelandscape,marginalfarmland(邊遠(yuǎn)農(nóng)田),orpostindustrialsites(大型景觀、邊遠(yuǎn)農(nóng)田或后工業(yè)遺址)”可知，大規(guī)模景觀、邊遠(yuǎn)農(nóng)田或后工業(yè)遺址適合應(yīng)用“rewilding”（再野生化）。B選項(xiàng)“廣闊的景觀”符合要求。故選B項(xiàng)。BOneofmyearliestmemoriesisofmyfathersittingmedownatourkitchentablewithcanvases,paints,andbrushes.Hetaughtmehowtoblendcolorsandusedifferentmaterials.Wheneverwefeltinspired,wesetoutallourmaterialsandpaintedwhatourheartsdesired.MyfathergrewupinasmallvillageintheDominicanRepublic.Despitenothavingmanymaterialsavailable,hecreatedartwithwhateverhehad.Myfathersavedhismoneytobuypaintsandcoloredpencilstodrawonthewallsaroundhishome.Whenhewas15,hearrivedinAmericaaloneandstayedwithhisauntinFloridaforawhilebeforefinishinghighschoolinNewYorkwithanotheraunt.Hestudiedveryhard.Eventually,myfatherwasabletoobtainhiscitizenship.AsIgotolder,hecontinuedtogivemelessons,teachingmedifferentbrushstrokesandhowtotakecareofmyartsupplies.Hetaughtmetofindbeautyineverythingandeveryonearoundme.Igrewtolovedrawingpeople,asIcouldhighlightthephysicalfeaturesthatmakeeveryoneuniqueandbeautiful.Itwasn’tuntilIbeganlookingcarefullyintomyfather’spaintingsandtheworkofpopularartistsonInstagramthatIstartedtobemorecriticalofmywork.IstartedtoworrythatIcouldneverliveuptomyfather’stalent.Mysimple,two-dimensionaldrawingsfellflatcomparedtohisrealisticlandscapes.Goingthroughmysketchbooksandportfolios,Ifoundfaultinallmydrawings.ArtwasmyfavoritethingintheworldbutIstartedtobelieveIwasn’tgoodatit.Insteadofworkingtowardimproving,Idecidedtogiveupdrawing.MyfathernoticedthatIhadbeendrawingandpaintinglessandtoldme,“Mia,youshouldauditionfortheschool.IwishI’dhadanopportunitytostudyartlikethiswhenIwasakid.”Myfather’sbraveryandstrengtharethingsthatIdesiretohave.Sooverthenextfewmonths,Iworkedonmyportfolio.Lookingbackatmypictures,IcanseehowmuchIhaveimprovedsincethen.TheschoolmusthaveseenpotentialinmydrawingsbecauseIgotin!Itwaseye-openingtoattendacollegethatspecializesinthearts.Ilearnedtoembracemyindividualityandmytalent.Ihavebecomemoreopenaboutsharingmyartworksandreceivingconstructivecriticism,whichraisesmyself-beliefinmyart.24.Whydoestheauthorintroduceherfather’sexperienceinparagraph2?A.Toprovethatartisawaytofightpoverty.B.Toillustratetherootsofherfather’sinfluenceonher.C.Tocriticizethelackofeducationalchancesinruralareas.D.Tocontrastherlifewiththedifficultiesherfatherexperienced.25.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“fellflat”inparagraph4mean?A.Lackedvisualappeal. B.Outshoneotherworks.C.Hadcomplexstructures. D.Lookedincrediblyrealistic.26.Whatkindofpersonistheauthor’sfather?A.Braveandcarefree. B.Creativebutstubborn.C.Ambitiousbutdependent. D.Persistentandsupportive.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Artisaboutfollowingestablishedrules.B.Talentguaranteesadmissiontoartprograms.C.Confidencecomesfromacceptingimperfection.D.Progresscanbeachievedthroughtrialanderror.【答案】24B25.A26.D27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者受父親影響學(xué)習(xí)繪畫(huà)，在經(jīng)歷自我懷疑后，在父親的鼓勵(lì)下重拾信心，最終進(jìn)入藝術(shù)院校，學(xué)會(huì)接納自己的個(gè)性和才華的故事。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“MyfathergrewupinasmallvillageintheDominicanRepublic.Despitenothavingmanymaterialsavailable,hecreatedartwithwhateverhehad.Myfathersavedhismoneytobuypaintsandcoloredpencilstodrawonthewallsaroundhishome.Whenhewas15,hearrivedinAmericaaloneandstayedwithhisauntinFloridaforawhilebeforefinishinghighschoolinNewYorkwithanotheraunt.Hestudiedveryhard.Eventually,myfatherwasabletoobtainhiscitizenship.(我父親在多米尼加共和國(guó)的一個(gè)小村莊長(zhǎng)大。盡管沒(méi)有很多可用的材料，但他還是用他擁有的任何東西創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)。我父親攢錢(qián)買(mǎi)了顏料和彩色鉛筆，在他家的墻上畫(huà)畫(huà)。15歲時(shí)，他獨(dú)自來(lái)到美國(guó)，在佛羅里達(dá)和姑姑住了一段時(shí)間，然后在紐約和另一位姑姑一起完成了高中學(xué)業(yè)。他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。最終，我父親獲得了公民身份。)”可知，作者介紹她父親的經(jīng)歷是為了說(shuō)明她父親對(duì)藝術(shù)的熱愛(ài)和追求是如何影響她的，即她父親對(duì)她產(chǎn)生影響的根源。故選B?！?5題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Itwasn’tuntilIbeganlookingcarefullyintomyfather’spaintingsandtheworkofpopularartistsonInstagramthatIstartedtobemorecriticalofmywork.IstartedtoworrythatIcouldneverliveuptomyfather’stalent.(直到我開(kāi)始仔細(xì)研究我父親的畫(huà)作以及Instagram上受歡迎藝術(shù)家的作品時(shí)，我才開(kāi)始對(duì)自己的作品更加挑剔。我開(kāi)始擔(dān)心自己永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法達(dá)到父親那樣的才華水平。)”可知，作者覺(jué)得自己簡(jiǎn)單、二維的畫(huà)作與她父親逼真的風(fēng)景畫(huà)相比是缺乏視覺(jué)吸引力的。由此可知，fellflat意為“缺乏視覺(jué)吸引力”。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Hestudiedveryhard.Eventually,myfatherwasabletoobtainhiscitizenship.(他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力。最終，我父親獲得了公民身份。)”和第五段“MyfathernoticedthatIhadbeendrawingandpaintinglessandtoldme,“Mia,youshouldauditionfortheschool.IwishI'dhadanopportunitytostudyartlikethiswhenIwasakid.”(我父親注意到我畫(huà)畫(huà)少了，告訴我：“米婭，你應(yīng)該去學(xué)校面試。我希望我小時(shí)候有機(jī)會(huì)像這樣學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)?！?”可知，作者的父親在艱苦的條件下依然堅(jiān)持藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作，并努力學(xué)習(xí)獲得了公民身份，這顯示出他的堅(jiān)持和毅力。同時(shí)，他鼓勵(lì)作者追求自己的藝術(shù)夢(mèng)想，這顯示出他的支持態(tài)度。故選D?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itwaseye-openingtoattendacollegethatspecializesinthearts.Ilearnedtoembracemyindividualityandmytalent.Ihavebecomemoreopenaboutsharingmyartworksandreceivingconstructivecriticism,whichraisesmyself-beliefinmyart.(上一所專(zhuān)門(mén)教授藝術(shù)的大學(xué)讓我大開(kāi)眼界。我學(xué)會(huì)了接納自己的個(gè)性和才華。我變得更加愿意分享自己的作品，并接受建設(shè)性的批評(píng)，這增強(qiáng)了我對(duì)自己藝術(shù)的自信。)”可知，作者學(xué)會(huì)了接納自己的個(gè)性和才華，變得更加自信，這說(shuō)明自信來(lái)自接受自己的不完美。故選C。CWarmingseasacrosstheglobeareendangeringcoralreefs,akeyecosystemthatsupportsmarinelifetoliveandthrive.Asanovelapproachtosavingthemfromextinction,scientistshaverecentlyfrozengroupsofadultcoralsforthefirsttimeandthenrevivedthem,accordingtoarecentstudy.Freezingbiologicalmaterials,or“cryopreserving”them,referstokeepingtheminadeepfreezeforlongperiodswithoutaffectingthecell’sviability(活性),accordingtotheScienceTimeswebsite.Thismethodusuallycoolsthemtoverylowtemperatures,commonlyto-196℃.Sincecellswouldnormallydieatsuchalowtemperatureduetotheformationoficeinside,scientistsneedtomonitorthefreezingrateandchoosethefreezingmediumcarefully.ResearchersintheU.S.experimentedwithfreezingpea-sizedpiecesofacommoncoralinHawaii.Afterremovingthemicrobes(微生物)onthecorals,theysealedthecoralsinmetalcontainersfilledwithachemicalsolutionthatpartiallydehydrated(脫水)themandhelpedcontrolicegrowth.Whenthecoralsreachedatemperatureofaround-200℃,theremainingwaterinthecoralssolidifiedintoaglassyform.Thecoralswerestillalive,withtheirlife-drivingfunctionsbecomingextremelyslow.Afterbeingcryopreservedforafewminutes,theresearcherspulledthecoralsoutandplacedtheminwarmwater.Intwominutes,theystartedconsumingoxygen-asignofthemstayingalive.Previously,researchershadalreadysuccessfullycryopreservedcorallarvae(幼蟲(chóng)),accordingtoastudyin2018.However,thelarvaecanonlybecollectedwhencoralsproduceeggsinlargequantities,whichhappensjustafewnightseachyear.“That’sputtingalotofeggsinonebasket,”U.S.marinescientistLizaRogertoldScienceNews.Thisbreakthroughoffersmorehopetotheworld’scorals,saidRoger.However,there’smoreworktobedone.Afewdaysafterwarmingup,thecoralsbecame“stressedout”fromtheprocessandwerekilledbythebacteriatheynormallyliveinharmonywith.Theresearchersareworkingonusingantibiotics(抗生素)tohelpthemsurviveforalongerperiodoftime.28.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Freezingcoralsforfutureuse.B.Killingbacteriatorescuecorals.C.Discoveringacoolingmethod.D.Protectingcoralsinanewway.29.Whatisthekeyelementinthenewmethodofsavingcorals?A.Metalcontainers. B.Dryice.C.Lowtemperature. D.Propercells.30.Howdidresearchersidentifythecryopreservedcoralswerealive?A.Theybecamesmaller. B.Theybegantobreathe.C.Theystartedtomove. D.Theystretchedout.31.Whatmayfutureresearchfocuson?A.Extendingthelifeofthecorals. B.Maintainingthetemperature.C.Warmingupthecoralscarefully. D.Helpinglarvaelaymoreeggs.【答案】28D29.C30.B31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了科學(xué)家通過(guò)冷凍和復(fù)活成年珊瑚群來(lái)保護(hù)珊瑚免于滅絕的研究?！?8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Warmingseasacrosstheglobeareendangeringcoralreefs,akeyecosystemthatsupportsmarinelifetoliveandthrive.Asanovelapproachtosavingthemfromextinction,scientistshaverecentlyfrozengroupsofadultcoralsforthefirsttimeandthenrevivedthem,accordingtoarecentstudy.(全球海洋變暖正在危及珊瑚礁，而珊瑚礁是支撐海洋生物生存和繁榮的關(guān)鍵生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)最近的一項(xiàng)研究，作為一種拯救它們免于滅絕的新方法，科學(xué)家們最近首次凍結(jié)了成年珊瑚群，然后讓它們復(fù)活。)”可知，文章開(kāi)篇指出全球變暖的海洋危及珊瑚礁這一關(guān)鍵生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，接著介紹科學(xué)家首次采用冷凍并復(fù)活成年珊瑚的新方法來(lái)拯救它們免于滅絕，后文圍繞這一新方法展開(kāi)闡述，包括冷凍過(guò)程、之前的研究情況以及目前存在的問(wèn)題等，所以文章主要講的是用一種新方法保護(hù)珊瑚。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Freezingbiologicalmaterials,or“cryopreserving”them,referstokeepingtheminadeepfreezeforlongperiodswithoutaffectingthecell’sviability(活性),accordingtotheScienceTimeswebsite.Thismethodusuallycoolsthemtoverylowtemperatures,commonlyto-196℃.Sincecellswouldnormallydieatsuchalowtemperatureduetotheformationoficeinside,scientistsneedtomonitorthefreezingrateandchoosethefreezingmediumcarefully.(據(jù)《科學(xué)時(shí)報(bào)》網(wǎng)站報(bào)道，冷凍生物材料，或稱(chēng)“冷凍保存”，指的是在不影響細(xì)胞活力的情況下，將它們長(zhǎng)時(shí)間保存在深度冷凍中。這種方法通常將它們冷卻到非常低的溫度，通常是-196℃。在如此低的溫度下，由于內(nèi)部結(jié)冰，細(xì)胞通常會(huì)死亡，因此科學(xué)家需要監(jiān)測(cè)冷凍速率并仔細(xì)選擇冷凍介質(zhì)。)”可知，新方法保存珊瑚的關(guān)鍵是將其冷卻到非常低的溫度。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Afterbeingcryopreservedforafewminutes,theresearcherspulledthecoralsoutandplacedtheminwarmwater.Intwominutes,theystartedconsumingoxygen-asignofthemstayingalive.(在低溫保存幾分鐘后，研究人員將珊瑚取出并將其放入溫水中。兩分鐘后，它們開(kāi)始消耗氧氣——這表明它們還活著。)”可知，研究人員通過(guò)觀察珊瑚開(kāi)始消耗氧氣，即開(kāi)始“呼吸”，來(lái)確定冷凍保存的珊瑚還活著。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Afewdaysafterwarmingup,thecoralsbecame“stressedout”fromtheprocessandwerekilledbythebacteriatheynormallyliveinharmonywith.Theresearchersareworkingonusingantibiotics(抗生素)tohelpthemsurviveforalongerperiodoftime.(在變暖幾天后，珊瑚在這個(gè)過(guò)程中變得“壓力山大”，并被它們通常和諧相處的細(xì)菌殺死。研究人員正在研究使用抗生素來(lái)幫助它們存活更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。)”可知，珊瑚解凍幾天后會(huì)因壓力過(guò)大被原本共生的細(xì)菌殺死，研究人員正在努力使用抗生素幫助它們存活更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，所以未來(lái)研究可能會(huì)聚焦于延長(zhǎng)珊瑚的壽命。故選A項(xiàng)。DHowlongdoesittakeforareadertogetabookafterplacinganorderinalibraryofover8million?TheanswerfromanewlibraryinsuburbanBeijingislessthan15minutes.LocatedintheeasterndistrictofTongzhou,BeijingLibraryhasbecomeapopulardestinationsinceitopened.Itreceivedover80,000visitsduringthethree-dayNewYearholiday.Bookloversareattractednotonlybythelibrary’sarchitecturaldesign,butalsobyitslargecollectionofbooksandsmartservices.Coveringsome75,000squaremeters,BeijingLibraryhousesover8millionbooks.Thetoweringstacks(書(shū)庫(kù))onthelibrary’sbasementfloorcontributetoitsmassivecapacity.Theyarepartofthelargestsingleautomatedstorageandretrieval(檢索)systemforbooksinChina.Thestackshaveatotalstorageareaoflessthan3,000squaremeters,yettheycanstoreupto7.1millionbookslargelyduetotheirspecialdesign.Besides,thesmartsystemincludesvarioustypesofsmartequipmentlikerobots,whichenableintelligentbookdeliveryandsorting.Theautomatedbookstorageandretrievalsystemfunctionslikethesmartbrainofthelibrary,enablinganarrayofhighlyefficientservicesthatreducemanuallabor.BeijingLibraryisnotaloneinadoptinginnovativestoragemethods.TheSuzhouNo.2Library,whichopenedinlate2019,wasthefirstChineselibrarytoapplythesmartbookstorageandretrievalsystem.Tomakeborrowingbookseasier,visitorstoBeijingLibrarycanregisterforaseamless(無(wú)縫的)borrowingserviceempoweredbyfacialrecognitionandothertechnologies.Adigitalguideatthelibrary’sentrancealsoofferson-demandinteractionswithvisitors.Readerswhowanttoavoidtraveltothelibrarycanusetheonlineborrowingservice,whichwilldeliverthebooktotheirdoorstep.Thelibrary’sonlineborrowingserviceisopentoreadersnotonlyinBeijingbutalsoinneighboringareas.“It’squitearefreshingexperiencetovisitthelibrary,”saysMengFan,alocalsixth-grader.“Thebookshereenrichourmind,andsomeofthesmartservicesherecanblowourmind.”32.WhichofthefollowingisareasonforBeijingLibrary’spopularity?A.Itslocationisconvenient. B.Itsouterwallsareunique.C.Ithasalargecollectionofbooks. D.ItisthelargestlibraryofBeijing.33.WhatdoBeijingLibraryandSuzhouNo.2Libraryhaveincommon?A.Theybothofferadigitalguide.B.Theybothusethefacialrecognitiontechnology.C.Theybothadoptspecialarchitecturaldesigns.D.Theybothusethesmartbookstorageandretrievalsystem.34.WhatdoweknowabouttheonlineborrowingserviceofBeijingLibrary?A.Itisopentoreadersnationwide.B.ItcandeliverbooksinandaroundBeijing.C.Itcanonlybeusedbythelibrarians.D.Itstillneedstobeupgraded.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheSmartServiceofBeijingLibraryB.ThePopularityofBeijingLibraryC.TheHistoryofBeijingLibraryD.TheFutureDevelopmentofBeijingLibrary【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了北京圖書(shū)館，包括其受歡迎的原因、藏書(shū)量、智能的圖書(shū)存儲(chǔ)和檢索系統(tǒng)、便捷的借閱服務(wù)等，重點(diǎn)突出了其智能服務(wù)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Bookloversareattractednotonlybythelibrary’sarchitecturaldesign,butalsobyitslargecollectionofbooksandsmartservices.(引書(shū)迷的不僅是圖書(shū)館的建筑設(shè)計(jì)，還有它豐富的藏書(shū)和智能的服務(wù)。)”可知，北京圖書(shū)館吸引讀者的原因不僅有建筑設(shè)計(jì)，還有大量的藏書(shū)和智能服務(wù)。故選C項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Besides,thesmartsystemincludesvarioustypesofsmartequipmentlikerobots,whichenableintelligentbookdeliveryandsorting.Theautomatedbookstorageandretrievalsystemfunctionslikethesmartbrainofthelibrary,enablinganarrayofhighlyefficientservicesthatreducemanuallabor.(此外，智能系統(tǒng)包括各種類(lèi)型的智能設(shè)備，如機(jī)器人，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)智能圖書(shū)交付和分類(lèi)。自動(dòng)圖書(shū)存儲(chǔ)和檢索系統(tǒng)的功能就像圖書(shū)館的智能大腦，可以提供一系列高效的服務(wù)，減少人工勞動(dòng)。)”以及第五段“BeijingLibraryisnotaloneinadoptinginnovativestoragemethods.TheSuzhouNo.2Library,whichopenedinlate2019,wasthefirstChineselibrarytoapplythesmartbookstorageandretrievalsystem.(北京圖書(shū)館并不是唯一采用創(chuàng)新存儲(chǔ)方法的圖書(shū)館。蘇州第二圖書(shū)館于2019年底開(kāi)館，是國(guó)內(nèi)首家應(yīng)用智能圖書(shū)檢索系統(tǒng)的圖書(shū)館。)”可知，北京圖書(shū)館和蘇州第二圖書(shū)館都采用了智能圖書(shū)存儲(chǔ)和檢索系統(tǒng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Readerswhowanttoavoidtraveltothelibrarycanusetheonlineborrowingservice,whichwilldeliverthebooktotheirdoorstep.Thelibrary’sonlineborrowingserviceisopentoreadersnotonlyinBeijingbutalsoinneighboringareas.(想要避免去圖書(shū)館的讀者可以使用在線借閱服務(wù)，該服務(wù)將把書(shū)送到他們家門(mén)口。該圖書(shū)館的網(wǎng)上借閱服務(wù)不僅對(duì)北京的讀者開(kāi)放，而且對(duì)鄰近地區(qū)的讀者開(kāi)放。)”可知，北京圖書(shū)館的在線借閱服務(wù)不僅對(duì)北京的讀者開(kāi)放，也對(duì)周邊地區(qū)的讀者開(kāi)放，并且會(huì)把書(shū)送到讀者家門(mén)口，也就是它可以在北京及周邊地區(qū)送書(shū)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第二段中“Itreceivedover80,000visitsduringthethree-dayNewYearholiday.Bookloversareattractednotonlybythelibrary’sarchitecturaldesign,butalsobyitslargecollectionofbooksandsmartservices.(在為期三天的新年假期中，它接待了8萬(wàn)多名游客。吸引書(shū)迷的不僅是圖書(shū)館的建筑設(shè)計(jì)，還有它豐富的藏書(shū)和智能的服務(wù)。)”可知，文章主要介紹了北京圖書(shū)館，包括其受歡迎的原因、藏書(shū)量、智能的圖書(shū)存儲(chǔ)和檢索系統(tǒng)、便捷的借閱服務(wù)等，重點(diǎn)突出了其智能服務(wù)。A選項(xiàng)“北京圖書(shū)館的智能服務(wù)”能很好地概括文章內(nèi)容，作為標(biāo)題合適。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doyouwanttoimproveyoursavingsin2025?Ifso,the52-weekmoneychallengeisasimpleandeffectivewaytostayontrack.___36___Andallyouneedis$1tostart.Whatisthe52-weekmoneychallenge?Usingthe52-weekmoneychallenge,youshoulddeposit(存入)anincreasingamountofmoneyintoyoursavingseachweekforoneyear.___37___Inotherwords,you’llsave$1thefirstweek,$2thesecondweek,$3thethirdweek,andsoonuntilyouputaway$52inweek52.Thosenumbersareguidelines,butyoucangetcreativewiththeamountyousaveeachweekifyou’dliketosavemoreovertheyearoryoudon’thaveenoughextracashavailablefortheregularchallenge.___38___Asimplepiggybank(存錢(qián)罐)mayworkforyou,butnoteveryonehascashonhandtodepositeachweek.Plus,havingyoursavingsinsuchanaccessibleplacemaytemptyoutodipintoitbeforetheendofthechallenge.___39___Thenmoveyourchallengemoneyintoiteachweek,which