全國(guó)英語(yǔ)競(jìng)賽《A類研究生》考前點(diǎn)題卷一

全國(guó)英語(yǔ)競(jìng)賽《A類研究生》考前點(diǎn)題卷一[單選題]1.SectionA(10marks)Therearetenincompletesentencesinthissection.Foreac（江南博哥）hblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosingtheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Insomecountries,______iscalled“equality”doesnotreallymeanequalrightsforallpeople.A.whichB.oneC.thatD.what正確答案：D參考解析：句意：在某些國(guó)家，所謂的“平等”并不意味著人人都有真正平等的權(quán)利。what既可引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，又在從句中作主語(yǔ)。[單選題]2.Ioughtto______themaboutthenews,butIforgottodoso.A.remembertellingB.rememberhavingtoldC.haverememberedtotellD.haverememberedtelling正確答案：C參考解析：句意：我應(yīng)該告訴他們這個(gè)消息，但我忘了。oughttohavedone表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的虛擬，意為“本應(yīng)該，而實(shí)際上并未”，remembertodosth記得去做某事。rememberdoing記得做過(guò)某事。[單選題]3.Accordingtotheresearchinpreviousyears,onesymptomofthediseaseissuddenand______movements.A.unwillingB.involuntaryC.inevitableD.unwanted正確答案：B參考解析：句意：根據(jù)前幾年的研究可知，這種病的癥狀之一就是突然的、不自覺(jué)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。involuntary無(wú)意識(shí)的；不知不覺(jué)的。unwilling不愿意的；勉強(qiáng)的。inevitable必然的。unwanted不需要的；有害的。[單選題]4.Nowadayspopularstarslikesingersstarttoplaytheroleof______theirfanstoraisemoneyforcharity.A.leadingtoB.appealingtoC.correspondingtoD.dedicatingto正確答案：B參考解析：句意：現(xiàn)在，一些明星，比如歌手，在慈善事業(yè)中都起來(lái)到了呼吁他們的粉絲捐款的作用。appealto呼吁。leadto導(dǎo)致。correspondto相當(dāng)于…符合于…。dedicateto獻(xiàn)身；把（時(shí)間、金錢(qián)等）用于…。[單選題]5.Asurveyshowsthatduetotimelimitandpeople’simaginationdifference,filmsadaptedfromnovelsarealways______asgoodasthenovels.A.nowherenearB.nothingmorethanC.ratherthanD.equivalentto正確答案：A參考解析：句意：一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，由于時(shí)間限制及人們想象力的不同，改編自小說(shuō)的電影總是遠(yuǎn)不及小說(shuō)一樣好。nowherenear遠(yuǎn)不及。nothingmorethan不過(guò)是，無(wú)非是。ratherthan而不是。equivalentto等于，相當(dāng)是。[單選題]6.______stopusingcars,theworld’soilsupplieswouldlastmuchlonger.A.DidweallB.HadweallC.WerewealltoD.Shouldweall正確答案：C參考解析：句意：如果我們都能不用汽車(chē)，那么地球上的石油供應(yīng)才能持續(xù)更久點(diǎn)。當(dāng)虛擬條件句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有were,should,had時(shí)，if可以省略，這時(shí)條件從句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，即把were,should,had等詞置于句首。[單選題]7.Despite.______,thestoryholdsthereader’sattentionthroughout.A.thereisverylittleactionB.oftherebeingverylittleactionC.thelackofactionD.thattherebeingverylittleaction正確答案：C參考解析：句意：盡管這個(gè)故事缺少情節(jié)，但它仍然能夠從始至終都吸引著讀者的注意力。despite位于句首，表示“盡管”時(shí)，其后只能接詞組或詞，不能接句子。[單選題]8.Tracy:Doyouhaveasingleroomfortwonights?Clerk:Weonlyhaveasmallsuite.Tracy:____________________Clerk:$50.00anight,includingbreakfast.Tracy:Fine.Couldyoushowittome,please?Clerk:Ofcourse.Justfollowme.A.What’stherate?B.Whereisit?C.Howfarisit?D.Whenwillitbeready?正確答案：A參考解析：這是一段發(fā)生在旅店的對(duì)話，由后面的$50.00anight可知前面的問(wèn)話應(yīng)該是有關(guān)價(jià)錢(qián)的，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。[單選題]9.Roger:Wow!It’slikeanoveninhere!Judy:____________________Roger:Thanks...That’sabitbetter.A.Don’tworry.Dinnerwillbereadysoon.B.ShallIopenthewindowforyou?C.I’llmovethefurnitureintothehall.D.Wouldyoulikemetocleantheroom?正確答案：B參考解析：由Roger的話可知屋子里可能是有什么味道，因而Judy就提出來(lái)開(kāi)窗，所以B選項(xiàng)符合題意。[單選題]10.David:Canyouhelpmewithmyhomework,please?Lisa:____________________David:Comeon.Don’tbesomean!A.No,butIcangiveyouahelpinghand.B.Whynot?Ihaveplentyoftime.C.I’dliketo,butIwanttowatchthisvideo.D.Yes,ofcourseIcandothatforyou.正確答案：C參考解析：David想請(qǐng)Lisa幫助他寫(xiě)作業(yè)，從Don’tbesomean!可知Lisa不太愿意，所以C選項(xiàng)符合題意。[單選題]11.SectionB(5marks)Inthissection,therearefiveincompletestatementsorquestionsaboutEnglishspeakingcountries.ForeachquestiontherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethemostsuitable

answerfromthegivenchoices.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Thecommander-in-chiefofallthearmedforcesoftheCrownofBritainis______.A.PrinceCharlesB.PrincePhilipC.theQueenD.PrimeMinister正確答案：C參考解析：英國(guó)國(guó)王或女王名義上享有廣泛的權(quán)力，她是全國(guó)武裝部隊(duì)總司令（commander-in-chief）。但是其所有權(quán)力都只是名義上的，她執(zhí)行這些權(quán)力是根據(jù)政府的建議進(jìn)行的。[單選題]12.EnglishRenaissancePeriodwasanageof______.A.proseandnovelB.poetryanddramaC.essaysandjournalsD.balladsandsongs正確答案：B參考解析：英國(guó)文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期的文學(xué)作品主要是詩(shī)歌和戲劇。這一時(shí)期詩(shī)歌與戲劇創(chuàng)作空前活躍，大批詩(shī)集出版，十四行詩(shī)這一詩(shī)體在英國(guó)生根。詩(shī)歌的成就還包括無(wú)韻體詩(shī)在劇本里的成功運(yùn)用。詩(shī)同劇的結(jié)合產(chǎn)生了這一時(shí)期文學(xué)最驕傲的成果：詩(shī)劇。[單選題]13.In1805,Wordsworthcompletedalongautobiographicalpoementitled______.A.BiographiaLiterari.aB.ThePreludeC.LucyPoemsD.TheLyricalBallads正確答案：B參考解析：華茲華斯是英國(guó)浪漫主義時(shí)期杰出詩(shī)人，“湖畔派”詩(shī)人。發(fā)表于1850年的自傳體長(zhǎng)詩(shī)《序曲》則是他最具有代表性的作品?！妒闱楦柚{集》是他與同為“湖畔派”詩(shī)人的好友柯勒律治的合作完成的?！堵段鳌肥撬亩淘?shī)?！段膶W(xué)傳記》是柯勒律治的散文。[單選題]14.Inhisinauguralspeech,______said,“theonlythingwehavetofearisfearitself”.A.AbrahamLincolnB.TheodoreRooseveltC.FranklinRooseveltD.WoodrowWilson正確答案：C參考解析：“我們唯一要恐懼的就是恐懼本身”是羅斯福在1933年的總統(tǒng)就職演講上說(shuō)的一句話。[單選題]15.ThePresidentwholaunchedtheNewDealinAmericanhistorywas______.A.TheodoreRooseveltB.WoodrowWilsonC.HerbertHooverD.FranklinRoosevelt正確答案：D參考解析：“新政”（theNewDeal）是美國(guó)第三十二屆總統(tǒng)富蘭克林·德蘭諾·羅斯福應(yīng)對(duì)1929—1933年經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的一系列政策。[問(wèn)答題]1.Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestions.Respondtothequestionsusinginformationfromthepassage.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.SectionA(5marks)Directions:Thereisonepassageinthissectionwith5statements.GooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsontheAnswerSheet.Forquestions1-5,markY(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theideaofafishbeingabletogenerateelectricitystrongenoughtolightlampbulbs—oreventorunasmallelectricmotor—isalmostunbelievable,butseveralkindsoffishareabletodothis.Evenmorestrangely,thiscuriouspowerhasbeenacquiredindifferentwaysbyfishbelongingtoverydifferentfamilies.Perhapsthebestknownaretheelectricrays,ortorpedoes,ofwhichseveralkindsliveinwarmseas.Theypossessoneachsideofthehead,behindtheeyes,alargeorganconsistingofanumberofhexagonalshapedcellsratherlikeahoneycomb.Thecellsarefilledwithajelly-likesubstance,andcontainaseriesofflatelectricplates.Oneside,thenegativeside,ofeachplate,issuppliedwithveryfinenerves,connectedwithamainnervecomingfromaspecialpartofthebrain.Currentpassesfromtheupper,positivesideoftheorgandownwardstothenegative,lowerside.Generallyitisnecessarytotouchthefishintwoplaces,completingthecircuit,inordertoreceiveashock.Thestrengthofthisshockdependsonthesizeofthefish,butnewlybornonesonlyabout5centimetresacrosscanbemadetolightthebulbofapocketflashlightforafewmoments,whileafullygrowntorpedogivesashockcapableofknockingamandown,and,ifsuitablewiresareconnected,willoperateasmallelectricmotorforseveralminutes.Anotherfamousexampleistheelectriceel.Thisfishgivesanevenmorepowerfulshock.Thesystemisdifferentfromthatofthetorpedointhattheelectricplatesrunlongitudinallyandaresuppliedwithnervesfromthespinalcord.Consequently,thecurrentpassesalongthefishfromheadtotail.Theelectricorgansofthesefisharereallyalteredmusclesandlikeallmusclesareapttotire,sotheyarenotabletoproduceelectricityforverylong.TheelectriccatfishoftheNileandofotherAfricanfreshwatershasadifferentsystemagain,bywhichcurrentpassesoverthewholebodyfromthetailtothehead.Theshockgivenbythisarrangementisnotsostrongastheothertwo,butisnonethelessunpleasant.Theelectriccatfishisaslow,lazyfish,fondofgloomyplacesandgrowstoabout1metrelong;itiseatenbytheArabsinsomeareas.Thepowerofproducingelectricitymayservethesefishbothfordefenceandattack.Ifalargeenemyattacks,theshockwilldriveitaway;butitappearsthatthecatfishandtheelectriceelusetheircurrentmostoftenagainstsmallerfish,stunningthemsothattheycaneasilybeoverpowered.Statements:1.Somefishproduceenoughelectricitytodriveelectricmotors.2.Usuallyyouwillnotgetashockbytouchingtheelectricrayinoneplaceonly.3.Theelectricplatesontheelectriceelaresuppliedwithnervesfromitsbrain.4.Theshockoftheelectriccatfishismoreunpleasantthanthatofthetorpedoorelectriceel.5.Nowadayspeoplearemakingfulluseoftheseelectricfishtolightlampbulbs.正確答案：1.Y由第一段第一句“Theideaofafishbeingabletogenerateelectricity...—oreventorunasmallelectricmotor—isalmostunbelievable,butseveralkindsoffishareabletodothis”可知此題陳述正確。2.Y由第三段中“然而當(dāng)相配的電路被連接起來(lái)，一條完全成熟的魚(yú)雷能夠釋放擊倒一個(gè)人的電擊”，可知只觸及一處電波通常是不會(huì)被電擊到的，即此題陳述正確。3.N由第四段可知Theelectricplatesontheelectriceelaresuppliedwithnervesfromthespinalcord而不是itsbrain。4.N由第五段第二句可知“帶電鯰魚(yú)產(chǎn)生的電擊沒(méi)有前兩種魚(yú)產(chǎn)生的強(qiáng)烈，但它同樣令人難受”，即此題陳述錯(cuò)誤。5.NG此題陳述的內(nèi)容文章中并沒(méi)有提及。[問(wèn)答題]2.SectionB(10marks)Directions:Lookatthetopicheadingsbelow,markedA,B,C,DE,andF,andmatchthemwiththeparagraphsinthetextbelow.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudon’tneedtouse.Questions1-5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.EveningentertainmentB.MaintouristattractionC.GoodtimestovisitD.OtherplacesofinterestE.IntroductionandlocationF.thenumberoftouristsDestinationguidesEdinburgh1)______Edinburgh,thecapitalofScotland,isinthesouth-eastofthecountry.Itissituatedonthecoast,andthebeautiful,greenPentlandhillsarenotfarfromthecitycentre.CastleRockstandsinthecentreofEdinburghandisthebestplaceforfantasticviewsofthecity.Withapopulationofalmosthalfamillionpeople,thecityisanexcitingmixoftraditionalandmodern.2)______ThefirststopformostvisitorstothecityisthecastleonCastleRock.Itiscertainlyworthavisitandtheareanearbyisfullofshopsthatsellwhiskyandtartanstothetourists.Edinburgh’smostfamousstreet,theRoyalMile,runsfromthecastletothePalaceofHolyroodhouseandtheScottishParliament.Alongthestreet,youcanseemanyinterestingbuildingsandyoucanstopforadrinkatatraditional,oldScottishpub.3)______Duringyourvisit,youshouldcertainlytakethetimetoseeotherpartsofthecity.Prince’sStreethaslovelygardens,museumsandshops.TheNewTownisasuperbareaforwalkingwithitsattractive18thcenturyhouses,officesandchurches.Finally,theGrassmarketisanoldpartofthecitywhichisfullofcafes,barsandrestaurants.4)______Edinburghhasalargestudentpopulationandthenightlifeisexcellent.Clubsusuallystayopenuntilthreeinthemorning.Youcanhearlivemusicinmanyofthepubs,choosefromanumberoffirst-classcinemasorgotoa“ceilidh”(atraditionalScottishdance).5)______ThebesttimetocometothecityisinAugust.Everyyear,thousandsofpeoplevisittheEdinburghFestival,theworld’sbiggestartsfestival.Withconcerts,opera,theatreandartexhibitions,thereissomethingforeveryone.Forwintervisitors,Hogmanay(theScottishNewYear)isalsoanincredibleexperiencethatyouwillneverforget.正確答案：1.E這兩段整體介紹了蘇格蘭的首都愛(ài)丁堡的地理位置和人口的情況。2.B第二段在介紹主要的景點(diǎn)，如：CastleRock的城堡，RoyalMile，thePalaceofHolyroodhouse和theScottishParliament等。3.D這一段主要在介紹除了以上提到的景點(diǎn)外，還有其他的景點(diǎn)應(yīng)該去訪問(wèn)，如：Prince’sStreet，museumsandshops。4.A這一段主要在介紹愛(ài)丁堡的夜生活，如：Clubs，pubs，cinemas等。5.C本段開(kāi)頭就說(shuō)ThebesttimetocometothecityisinAugust。由此可知在介紹訪問(wèn)Edinburgh的最佳時(shí)間。[問(wèn)答題]3.SectionC(10marks)Directions:Inthissection,thereisonepassagefollowedbyfivequestions.Youshouldanswereachquestioninamaximumof15wordsusinginformationfromthepassage.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.Questions1-5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.WillitbepossibleforpeopletoliveonfarawayplanetssuchasMars?Inthepast,coloniesinspacewerepossibleonlyinsciencefictionstories.Today,however,weareexperimentingwithwaystobuildrealspacecolonies.ManyscientistsactuallyconsideritpossiblethatpeoplewilllivefarfromtheEarthsometimeinthefuture.TheEnvironmentalResearchLaboratoryattheUniversityofArizonaisoneplacethatdesignsbiosphereswhichcouldbeusedtoliveonotherplanets.Biospheresareplaceswherepeoplecanbeborn,livetheirwholelives,anddiewithoutreturningtotheEarth.Tobesuccessful,abiospherehastohaveaperfectbalanceamongeverythingwithinit-theplants,theanimals,andthechemicalelements.Buildingagreenhouseforgrowingplantsisthefirststepincreatingabiosphere.Agreenhouseisaclosedenvironmentexceptforthesun’sheatenteringthroughtheglassorplastic.Ofcourse,thereisawatersystemfromoutside,andpeoplebringinnutrientsfortheplantsandtakeoutthewastematerial.Abiosphereinspacewillhavetohaveitsownsystemtoprovidewaterthatcanbeusedandreused.Itwillneedbacteriaorsomethingelsetotakecareofthewastes.TheEarthitselfisthebestexampleofarealbiosphere.Nothingimportantentersexceptsunlight,andnothingleavesaswasteexceptsomeheat.EverythingintheEarth'senvironmentneedstobeinbalance.Ifwedestroythatbalance,thesystemwillbreakdown.Thereareseveralreasonsforbuildingbiospheres.Onereasonistohelpoutwhenthereisanenergyshortage.Dr.GerardK.O'Neill,afamousphysicistfromPrincetonUniversity,hassaidthatinthefuturewewillhavesatellitesinspacetoproducesolarenergyandsendittotheEarth.Itwillbetooexpensivetocontinuallysendpeopleandmaterialstothesatellites,sobiosphereswillbenecessary.Thereisanotherinterestingreasontobuildbiospheres.Wecanusethemtodoallkindsofresearchaboutourownenvironmentandhowitworks.Bystudyingbiospheres,wecanunderstandbetterwhatwillhappenashumansdestroytropicalforests,astheycreatemorecarbondioxidebyburningfuel,andastheypollutetheoceansandtheair.Sofar,onlyafewexperimentalbiosphereshavebeenbuiltonEarth.OneisinOracle,Arizona,neartheUniversityofArizona.In1991,fourmenandfourwomentriedtoliveinsidethebiospherewithoutgettinganythingfromoutside.Duringtheexperiment,thingsgotoutofbalance.Oxygenandcarbondioxidelevelsfell,andthecrewhadtogethelpandsuppliesfromoutside.Inspace,peoplelivinginabiospherewouldnotbeabletodothis.Learninghowabiosphereworksisoneofthemostimportantthingswecando.Theinformationwegetfrombiospheresmaykeepusfromdestroyingourownenvironment.Thisinformationwillalsohelpustotravelwhereonceonlysciencefictioncouldgo.Questions：1.What’snecessaryforabiosphere?2.What’stherelationshipbetweenagreenhouseandabiosphere?3.Whyistheearththebestexampleofarealbiosphere?4.What’rethetworeasonsmentionedaboutwhywetrytobuildbiospheres?5.WhydidtheexperimentoftheOraclefail?正確答案：1.Aperfectbalanceamongeverythingwithinit-theplants,theanimals,andthechemicalelements.由第二段最后一句話可得出答案。要想使太空生物圈的實(shí)驗(yàn)成功，就要確保生物圈的完美平衡——植物、動(dòng)物及化學(xué)元素。2.Buildingagreenhouseforgrowingplantsisthefirststepincreatingabiosphere.由第三段的第一句話可得出答案。建立溫室來(lái)種植物是創(chuàng)造生物圈的第一步。3.Nothingimportantentersexceptsunlight,andnothingleavesaswasteexceptsomeheat.由第四段第二句話可得出答案。地球本身就是真實(shí)生物圈的最好例子，因?yàn)槌岁?yáng)光，沒(méi)有其他重要的東西進(jìn)入地球；除了一些熱量沒(méi)有其他東西作為廢物離開(kāi)地球。4.Todealwithenergyshortageanddoresearchaboutourenvironmentandhowitworks.由第五段的第二句及第六句可得出答案。我們想要建立生物圈的原因：一、解決能源短缺問(wèn)題。二、以此來(lái)研究我們的環(huán)境并且知道它是如何運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的。5.Thingsgotoutofbalancebecauseoxygenandcarbondioxidelevelsfell.由第六段的第三、四句可得出答案。該實(shí)驗(yàn)失敗的原因是因?yàn)樵囼?yàn)中的生物圈內(nèi)部失衡，氧氣及二氧化碳含量降低。[問(wèn)答題]4.SectionD(10marks)Directions:Inthissection,thereisonepassagefollowedbyasummary.Youshouldcompletethesummarybelowusingnomorethan4wordsforeachblankfromthepassage.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.Questions1-5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Theannalsofnaturalhistorycontainmanyastonishingexamplesoftheabilityofanimalstofindtheirwayhomeaftermakingdistantjourneys.Salmon,forexample,areborninfreshwaterstreamsandsoonafterwardjourneydowntosea.Severalyearslater,aftertheyhaveattainedmaturity,theyswimbackupstreamtospawnand,inmanycases,todie.Theparticularstreamthatservesasthejourney'sendisalmostinvariablythesameoneinwhichtheywereborn.Itischosenoutofdozensorhundredsofequallysuitablestreams.Theexpression“almostinvariably”isusedadvisedlyinthiscase.InoneinvestigationbyCanadianbiologists,469，326youngsockeyesalmonweremarkedinatributaryoftheFraserRiver.Severalyearslateralmost11，000wererecoveredaftertheyhadcompletedareturnjourneytotheverysamestream,butnotasingleonewaseverrecoveredfromotherstreamsnearby.Whatunderwaterguidepostscanthesefishpossiblyfollow?IthasbeendiscoveredbyA.D.HaslerandhisassociatesattheUniversityofWisconsinthatthesalmon,likemanyotherfish,haveanacutesenseofsmellandareabletorememberslightdifferencesinthechemicalcompositionofwater.Themostreasonabletheorytoexplainsalmonhomingisthateachindividualremembersthedistinctive“fragrance”ofitsnativestream.Asitmovesupstreamitmakesthecorrectchoiceeachtimeanewtributaryisencountered,untilfinallyitarriveshome.Long-distancemigrationisespeciallycommoninbirds,becausemanyspeciesmustmakeannualjourneysbetweentheirnestinggroundsandprimefeedingareasfaraway.Eachyearover100，000sootyterns,anattractivetropicalseabird,travelfromthewatersoffthewestcoastofAfricaallthewayacrosstheAtlantictoBushKey,atinyislandnearthetipofFlorida.Heretheybuildtheirnestsandbreed.Oncetheyoungcanfly,alljourneybackovertheAtlantic.Whydothesootyternsmigrateatall?Likemanyotherseabirds,theyfindprotectionfromcats,foxes,andotherpredatorsonisolatedislands.ItisevidentlysaferforthemtomakeanentiretransoceanicvoyagetoreachonesuchhaventhanitwouldbetotrytonestonthenearbyAfricanshores.Asomewhatdifferentreasonliesbehindthenorth-southmigrationofbirdsinthetemperatezones.Eachspringalegionofmigratoryforms,fromrobins,thrushes,andwarblerstogeeseandducks,makesitswaynorthintothegreeningcountryside,wherelargequantitiesoffoodarebecomingfreshlyavailable.Workingrapidly,theyareabletorearoneormorebroodsofyoung.Aswinterapproachesandthefoodsupplydeclines,allheadsouthagain.SomespeciesproceedallthewaytoCentralandSouthAmerica.TherecordannualjourneyintheWesternHemisphereismadebythegoldenplover,onegroupofwhichtravelsfromnorthernCanadatosouthernSouthAmerica.AsecondgroupofthesamespeciesmigratesfromAlaskatoHawaiiandtheMarquesasIslands.Humanbeingscouldnevermakesuchjourneysunaidedbymapsandnavigationalinstruments.Howdothebirdsdoit?Alargepartoftheanswerliesintheirabilitytousecelestialclues.Atmigrationtime,cagedstarlingsbecomeunusuallyrestless.Ifpermittedtoseethesun,theybegintoflytowardthesideofthecagethatliesinthedirectionoftheirnormalmigrationroute.However,whentheskyisovercastandthesunisobscuredfromview,theirmovementspersist,buttheyarenondirectional.Othermigratorybirdsflyatnightandcanevidentlyusethepositionofthestarstoguidethem.Thissurprisingfacthasbeenestablishedbyseveralbiologists,includingS.T.EmlenofCornellUniversity,whoallowedatypeofbirdcalledindigobuntingstoattemptflightsundertheartificialnightskyofaplanetarium.Thebirdsoriented“correctly”withreferencetotheplanetariumskyevenwhenthepositionsofitsconstellationsdidnotcorrespondwiththepositionofthetrueconstellationsoutside.Thusotheroutsideinfluenceswereeliminated,anditcouldbeconcludedthatthebirdswereabletoorienttowhattheybelievedtobethepositionofthestars.SUMMARY:Animalsareabletogetbackhomeaftertheymakelongjourneys.Salmon,forexample,areknowntoswimbackseveralyearslaterto1wheretheywereborn.Whatguidethesefishupstream?AccordingtoscientistsattheUniversityofWisconsin,salmon2andfollowthefragranceoftheirnativestreamastheyhaveasharp3.Birdsalsomakelongdistancemigrationeachyear.Sootyterns,atypeoftropicalseabird,travelacrosstheAtlanticfromAfricatoanislandnearFlorida,wheretheybreedandcan4frompredators.Birdsalsomigrateinordertofindfoodandreartheiryoung.Itisdiscoveredthatbirdsareaidedby5tomakedistantjourneysthatevenhumanbeingscannotmakewithouttheassistanceofnavigationalinstruments.正確答案：1.thefreshwaterstreams(文中舉了鮭魚(yú)例子來(lái)說(shuō)明魚(yú)類的遷移，文中第一段提到Salmon,forexample,areborninfreshwaterstreamsandsoonafterwardjourneydowntosea.“鮭魚(yú)出生在淡水中，成長(zhǎng)在海水中，”因而摘要中可以概括為thefreshwaterstreams。)2.remembers文章第一段提到Themostreasonabletheorytoexplainsalmonhomingisthateachindividualremembersthedistinctive“fragrance”ofitsnativestream.“對(duì)鮭魚(yú)這種遷移最合理的解釋就是它們都能記住它們出生地的水流的味道?！?.senseofsmell文中提到likemanyotherfish,haveanacutesenseofsmell“和其他的魚(yú)一樣，鮭魚(yú)也有敏銳的嗅覺(jué)?！?.findprotection文章第二段提到Likemanyotherseabirds,theyfindprotectionfromcats,foxes,andotherpredatorsonisolatedislands.即他們喂養(yǎng)自己的后代并想辦法保護(hù)自己的食物，這是鳥(niǎo)類遷移的原因之一。5.celestialclues／positionofthestars文章第二段提到Howdothebirdsdoit?Alargepartoftheanswerliesintheirabilitytousecelestialclues.因而摘要中可以歸納為celestialclues。[問(wèn)答題]5.SectionAEnglish-ChineseTranslation(5marks)Directions：TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.Someplantshaverelativeimmunitytoagreatmanydiseases,whileothershaveasusceptibilitytothem.Thetoleranceofaparticularplantchangesasthegrowingconditionschange,blightmaybebutatotalinfectioneasilycontrolled,ontheotherhanditcanattackparticularplantsinawholeregionornation.正確答案：有些作物對(duì)很多疾病都有相對(duì)的免疫性，而另一些作物則比較容易感染疾病。某種特定植物對(duì)疾病的耐受力是隨著情況的變化而變化的。一場(chǎng)枯萎病可能只不過(guò)是某種局部感染，容易得到控制，但是，也可能會(huì)侵襲整個(gè)地區(qū)或國(guó)家的某種特定植物。[問(wèn)答題]6.SectionBChinese-EnglishTranslation(10marks)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.Remembertowriteyouranswerontheanswersheet.據(jù)悉，自1986年起，美國(guó)華人經(jīng)濟(jì)已躍居全美少數(shù)民族之首，遙遙領(lǐng)先于日裔、韓裔等其他后裔。美國(guó)華人家庭的年均收入已超過(guò)美國(guó)白人家庭。(leapto)正確答案：Itissaidthatsince1986theUScitizensofChinesedescenthaveleapttoagoodleadoverotherracialminorities,JapaneseandKoreans,forinstance.TheaverageChinesefamily'syearlyincomehasnowcometoexceedthatoftheaverageAmericanfamily.參考解析：theUScitizensofChinesedescent美國(guó)華人。[問(wèn)答題]7.多疑往往由于自己的“內(nèi)疚”反射于他人，在心理學(xué)上稱之為“投射作用”。(comeof;projectaction)正確答案：Tohaveasuspicionagainstothersusuallycomesofone'sownsickconscience.Psychologicallyspeaking,itiscalledtheprojectaction,thatistheprocessofactinguponothers.參考解析：comeof由…引起，起源于。[問(wèn)答題]8.在崇尚物質(zhì)的社會(huì)里，這是一個(gè)不可避免的問(wèn)題。學(xué)生還沒(méi)有走出校門(mén)，大公司便在競(jìng)相聘用他們，向他們提供具有誘惑力的薪水和福利待遇。(offer;recruit)正確答案：Thisisanunavoidableprobleminamaterialisticsociety,wheretemptingsalariesandfringebenefitsareofferedbybigcompaniestocompetewitheachothertorecruitstudentsbeforetheyhavecompletedtheirstudies.參考解析：amaterialisticsociety物質(zhì)社會(huì)。fringebenefits福利待遇。[問(wèn)答題]9.雖然中國(guó)婦女在平等方面取得了巨大的進(jìn)步，但還未完全實(shí)現(xiàn)平等就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。(makestridetowards)正確答案：ItistruethatChinesewomenhavemadeenormousstridestowardequality.Butthegoalsofequalopportunityofemploymentforwomenhavenotbeenfullyrealized.參考解析：make(enormous/large)stridetowards取得巨大進(jìn)步。[問(wèn)答題]10.大陸和臺(tái)灣有不同的意識(shí)形態(tài)，實(shí)行不同的政治制度，但絕不能讓這一點(diǎn)妨礙我們發(fā)展兩岸關(guān)系，實(shí)現(xiàn)和平統(tǒng)一的大業(yè)。(standinthewayof)正確答案：ThefactthemainlandandTaiwanhaveadopteddifferentideologiesandshouldnotbeallowedtostandinthewayofdevelopingtherelationsbetweenthetwosidesoftheTai-wanStraitsandachievingthepeacefulreunification.參考解析：ideologies意識(shí)形態(tài)。politicalsystems政治制度。thepeacefulreunification和平統(tǒng)一。[問(wèn)答題]11.Proofreadthepassageasrequired.Eachindicatedlinecontainsamaximumofoneerror.Correctthepassageinthefollowingway:forarightline,putthesign“√”inthecorrespondingblank;forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblank;foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwiththesign“∧”andwritethewordyoubelievetobemissingintheblank;foranunnecessaryword,crosstheunnecessarywordwiththesign“\”andputthewordwiththesign“\”intheblank.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.Asanxiety-makers,examinationsaresecondtonone.Thatisbecausesomuchdependsonit.Theyarethemarkofsuccess82.______orfailureinoursociety.One’swholefuturemaybedecidedononefatefulday.Itdoesn’tmatterthathewasn’tfeelingverywell,orthathismotherdied.Thingslikethatdon’tcounton:theexamgoeson.Noonecangiveofhisbestwhen83.______heisinmortalterror,orafterasleeplessnight,yetthisispreciselywhattheexaminationsystemexpectsyoutodo.Themoment84.______achildbeginsschool,heentersintoaworldofviciouscompetition85.______wheresuccessandfailureareclearlydefinedandmeasured.Canwewonderattheincreasingnumberof“drop-outs”:youngpeoplewhoarewrittenoffasutterfailuresbeforetheyhaveevenembarked86.______acareer?Canwebesurprisedatthesuiciderateamongstudents?Agoodeducationshould,amongotherthings,trainonetothinkforhimself.Theexaminationsystemdoesnothingbutthat.87.______Whathastobelearntisrigidlylaiddownbyasyllabus,sothestudentisencouragedtomemorize.Examinationsdonotmotivateastudenttoreadwidely,butrestricthisreading;theydonotenablehimtoseek88.______moreandmoreknowledge,butinducecramming.Theylowerthestandardsofteaching,fortheydepriveteachersoffallfreedoms.89.______Teachersthemselvesareoftenjudgedbyexaminationresultsandinsteadofteachingtheirsubjects,theyarereducingtotrainingtheir90.______studentsinexamtechniqueswhichtheydespise.Themost91.______successfulcandidatesarenotalwaysthebesteducated;theyarethebesttrainedinthetechniqueofworkingunderduress.正確答案：82.it→them代詞誤用。結(jié)合上下文不難判斷出，此處的代詞應(yīng)指代前面的“examinations”，指“許多事情都要通過(guò)考試才能解決”。83.on介詞誤用。根據(jù)上下文可知，此處要表達(dá)的意思是“那些事情都不重要”，count單獨(dú)使用時(shí)表示“重要，有意義，有價(jià)值”。counton意為“依靠，指望”。故此處應(yīng)刪掉介詞on。84.you→him代詞誤用。此處的代詞應(yīng)與前半句話中的his和he保持代詞的前后一致性，故應(yīng)將you改為o介詞誤用。enter在此作及物動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng)于“comeorgointo”，原句中的介詞into是多余的，故應(yīng)刪掉。86.embarked∧→on詞匯錯(cuò)誤。embark單獨(dú)使用時(shí)表示“乘船，登機(jī)”，而embarkon意為“從事，著手，開(kāi)始做”。結(jié)合句意可知，此處應(yīng)加上介詞on。87.nothing→anything根據(jù)上下文可以推測(cè)出