人教版中考英語復習之詞性動詞的時態(tài)課件

動詞的時態(tài)CONTENTS(1)時態(tài)的定義(2)標志詞(3)句型轉(zhuǎn)換(4)即時訓練觀察以下句子是用什么來體現(xiàn)不同的時態(tài)的？Idomyhomework.我做我的作業(yè)。Ididmyhomeworkyesterday.我昨天做了家庭作業(yè)。Iwilldomyhomeworktomorrow.我明天會做我的家庭作業(yè)。Iamdoingmyhomeworknow.我正在做我的家庭作業(yè)。在英語中，不同時間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，要用謂語動詞的不同形式來表示，謂語動詞的這種不同形式稱為動詞的時態(tài)。動詞有哪些時態(tài)？一般現(xiàn)在時work/works一般過去時worked一般將來時shall/willwork現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/areworking過去進行時was/wereworking現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasworked（一）一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時表示______________________________、_______________、_____________或______________等。如：經(jīng)常發(fā)生或習慣性的動作主語的特征客觀真理名言警句經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作主語的特征客觀真理名言警句Ioftengetupat7inthemorning.Heisstubborn.Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Pridegoesbeforeafall（驕兵必?。?一般現(xiàn)在時的標志詞always總是usually通常often經(jīng)常seldom很少never從不sometimes有時fromtimetotime不時地twiceaweek一周兩次everymorning每天早上下面哪個句子是一般現(xiàn)在時？Iatebreakfastat6:45yesterday.IamgoingtobuyapresentnextSunday.Look!SheissinginganEnglishsong.Mymothergetsupat6o’clockeveryday.?×××be動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時中主語對應的be動詞形式amisarebe動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時肯定句為：主語+be+其他.主語不同，be動詞的形式不同。當主語是第一人稱單數(shù)時（I），be動詞用am例：Iamastudent.當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(he,she,it…),be動詞用is例：Heisastudent.當主語是第二人稱單數(shù)或各人稱復數(shù)時，be動詞用are例：Youareastudent./Wearestudents.be動詞的縮寫完整形式縮寫IamI’mhe/she/itishe’s/she’s/it’swe/you/theyarewe’re/you’re/they’re一般現(xiàn)在時be動詞的否定和疑問形式觀察下列一般現(xiàn)在時的句子是如何變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵蓡柧涞?？Sarahisateacher.Sarahisnotateacher.Theyarebeautifulflowers.Theyarenotbeautifulflowers.be動詞的否定形式是在be后加not；疑問形式是把be提至主語前，句末用？問號。(isnot=isn’tarenot=aren’t)例：He/Sheisnot/isn’tateacher.他/她不是老師。Are

youaworker?你是工人嗎？IsSarahateacher?Aretheybeautifulflowers?一般疑問句的肯定與否定回答肯定回答為：Yes,主語+be.否定回答為：No,主語+be+not.例：Isheamagician?____________.Issheadoctor?______________.Yes,heisNo,sheisnot/isn’tBe動詞練一練1.I____elevenyearsold.2.It____atiger.3.Thedog____cute.4.Thewater____hot.5.We_____intheroom.amisisisareBe動詞練一練1.Thebooksareonthedesk.(改為否定句)____________________________________2.Heisagreatteacher.(改為否定句)____________________________________3.JoneandMikearegoodfriends.(改為否定句)____________________________________4.SheisAmy.(改為一般疑問句，并作肯定否定回答)____________________________________Thebooksaren’tonthedesk.Heisn’tagreatteacher.JoneandMikearen’tgoodfriends.IssheAmy?Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.實義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時實義動詞實義動詞即行為動詞，表示動作的詞。同學們能試著舉例嗎？comegowalkrunwaitlie…實義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時當主語是第一、二人稱單數(shù)或各人稱的復數(shù)形式時，謂語動詞用實義動詞原形；Iwanttogototheparkwithyou.Theyoftenplaybasketballafterschool.12當主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞用實義動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式；Lilygoestoschoolonfooteveryday.實義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時IYouWeTheyHeSheIt++swim.read.go.watch.swims.reads.goes.watches.FILLINTHEBLANKCompleteeachsentencebychangingtheverb(動詞)in()topresenttense(一般現(xiàn)在時).1I________

(take)

a

bus

to

school

every

day.2You________

(read)

books

every

day.3We________

(walk)

withmydogevery

day.4They________

(swim)

every

day.5He________

(do)homework

every

day.6She________

(draw)

every

day.7It________

(play)

every

day.takereadwalkswimdoesdrawsplaysFILLINTHEBLANKCirclethecorrectanswer.1I(play/plays)tabletenniseveryMonday.2You(read/reads)storybookseverynight.3We(go/goes)tolibraryeveryafternoon.4They(have/has)dinnerateighteverynight.5He(drink/drinks)applejuiceeverymorning.6She(sleep/sleeps)earlyeverynight.7It(play/plays)theballeveryday.實義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的否定形式觀察下列一般現(xiàn)在時的句子是如何變?yōu)榉穸ň涞模縄wanttogotothecinema.Idon’twanttogotothecinema.實義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的否定形式觀察下列一般現(xiàn)在時的句子是如何變?yōu)榉穸ň涞?？Hedoesn’tliketakingphotosinthepark.Shelikestakingphotosinthepark.總結(jié)實義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的否定形式是“do/doesn’t+實義動詞原形”。例：Heworksinside.He

doesnotworkinside.實義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的疑問形式觀察下列一般現(xiàn)在時的句子是如何變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧涞?？Shelikestheskirt.Doessheliketheskirt?TheyreadEnglisheverymorning.DotheyreadEnglisheverymorning?助動詞do提前，likes(單三)變?yōu)樵蝜ike助動詞does提前，實義動詞read不變肯定回答：Yes,主語+do/does.否定回答：No,主語+do/does+not.總結(jié)實義動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時的一般疑問形式是在句首加do或does，句中的實義動詞用原形，句尾用問號。例：He

works

inside.Yes,hedoes.Does

hework

inside?No,hedoesn’t.肯回：否回：按照要求改寫句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否定句)____________________________________________2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.（改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)___________________________________________________3.Shelikesmilk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)____________________________________________4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)___________________________________________________5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改為否定句)____________________________________________Danieldoesn’twatchTVeveryevening.Doyoudoyourhomeworkeveryday?No,Idon’t.Doesshelikemilk?Yes,shedoes.DoesAmylikeplayingcomputergames?No,shedoesn’t.Wedon’tgotoschooleverymorning.改錯1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?____________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?____________3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.____________4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.____________5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays.__________Doeslikeplayingteachesdoesn’t關(guān)于have的用法實義動詞have（has）在表示“有”時，在口語中的否定形式為haven’t/hasn’t或have/hasnot；變?yōu)橐蓡柧鋾r可直接把have/has放在句首，也可借助助動詞do/does。如：Theboyhasn’tacomputer.=Theboydoesn’thaveacomputer.這個男孩沒有電腦。(二)一般過去時（二）一般過去時一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在未來過去一般過去時的構(gòu)成的分類12be動詞的一般過去時實義動詞的一般過去時例：例：Ninawasherejustnow.IplayedfootballlastMonday.be動詞的一般過去時be動詞waswere在一般過去時中，be有was與were兩種形式，主語不同，be動詞的形式不同。當主語是第一、三人稱單數(shù)時，be動詞用was。Iwasalittleboytenyearsago.Shewassadatthebadnews.當主語是第二人稱單數(shù)或各人稱復數(shù)時，be動詞用were。Youweresillytodoso.Theywerereadyforthecomingexam.Fillintheblankswith“was”or“were”(1)He______angry.(2)He______happy.(3)DonaldDuck_____sleepy.(4)They______cute.(5)It______rainy.waswaswaswerewasbe動詞的一般過去時的否定形式和疑問形式be動詞的一般過去時的否定形式是在be后加not；其疑問形式是把be提至主語前，句末用問號。(wasnot=wasn’t;werenot=weren’t)Hewasinwhenhismothercameback.notHewasthebeststudentsinyourclass.Washe?請將句子變?yōu)榉穸ň洌赫垖⒕渥幼優(yōu)橐蓡柧洌嚎隙ɑ卮穑篩es,主語+was/were.否定回答：No,主語+was/were+not.一般過去時的標志詞lastyear去年yesterday昨天amomentago剛才justnow剛才inthepast過去句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Myparentsareathomeyesterday.(yesterday,atwork)____________________________________________________2.Thekingisveryhappytoday.(把today改成yesterday)Theking_______veryhappy_____________.3.TodayisMonday.(thedaybeforeyesterday)____________________________________________________4.TomhadabigbirthdaypartylastSunday.(改為否定句)Tom_________________abigbirthdaypartylastSunday.5.TheboytriesonanewT-shirt.(改為一般過去時)Theboy____________________anewT-shirt.6.Icanmakeacakenow.(用oneyearago改寫句子)I_______________acake_________________________.Myparentswereatworkyesterday.wasyesterdayThedaybeforeyesterdaywasSaturday.didn’thavetriedoncouldmakeoneyearago(三)一般將來時一般將來時的定義Hewillgotoplayfootballtomorrow.一般將來時表示未來某個時間將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。一般將來時的構(gòu)成請找出下列一般將來時句子劃線部分的規(guī)律：我明天將去看一場電影。Iwillseeafilmtomorrow.她下周開始學習英語。ShewilllearnEnglishnextweek.我們下周五要去購物。WewillgoshoppingnextFriday.will+動詞原形一般將來時的構(gòu)成1will/shall+動詞原形所有人稱第一人稱例：Iwillbegladtoseeyou=Ishallbegladtoseeyou.否定形式：”will/shall+動詞原形”的否定形式是在will/shall后加not，willnot的縮寫形式是won’t。其疑問形式是把will/shall提至句首，句末用問號。如：Iwon’tgotobeduntilIfinishthehomework.notuntil直到…才Willyoucometohavedinnerwithme?一般將來時的構(gòu)成2begoingto+動詞原形be動詞的形式隨著人稱的變化而變化例：1.We________goingtodiscussthematter.2.Ithinkit___________goingtorainsoon.areis一般情況下，“will+動詞原形”與“begoingto+動詞原形”這兩種結(jié)構(gòu)可以互換。Theywillmeetattheschoolgateateighttomorrow.Theyaregoingtomeetattheschoolgateateighttomorrow.一般將來時兩種構(gòu)成的區(qū)別Wewillbuyacarsomeday.我們總有一天會買車。Wearegoingtobuyacarthismonth.我們這個月要買車。語氣較為不肯定語氣肯定1.描述“未來”的活動或狀態(tài)。2.預期未來可能發(fā)生之事說明未來有買車的計劃說明近期之內(nèi)的購車計劃1.描述“近期之內(nèi)”之計劃或打算2.表示幾乎確定會發(fā)生之事一般將來時的否定句12主語+will+not+動詞原形主語+be動詞+notgoingto+動詞原形例例==WewillnotmovetoNewYork.WearenotgoingtomovetoNewYork.Iamnotgoingtogotothecollege.Iwillnotgotothecollege.一般將來時的疑問句與答句只要將一般將來時句子中的助動詞will或be動詞移到句首，即成疑問句。1肯定疑問句Will+主語+動詞原形+…？Be動詞+主語+goingto+動詞原形+…?1.JameswillinviteJulietohisparty.(改為一般疑問句)→________________________________________________2.Youaregoingtostaywithus.(改為一般疑問句)→________________________________________________WillJamesinviteJulietohisparty?Areyougoingtostaywithus?一般將來時的疑問句與答句請繼續(xù)對這兩個一般疑問句作出肯定與否定回答：1.WillJamesinviteJulietohisparty?→___________________________________________2.Areyougoingtostaywithus?→___________________________________________Yes,hewill./No,hewillnot.Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.總結(jié)：助動詞will肯回：Yes，主語+will.否回：No，主語+will+not.be動詞肯回：Yes，主語+be.否回：No，主語+be+not.一般將來時的疑問句與答句1肯定疑問句Will+主語+動詞原形+…？Will+主語+not+動詞原形+……?Benot的縮寫式+主語+goingto+動詞原形+……?Be動詞+主語+notgoingto+動詞原形+……?.Dadwon’tgoshoppingwithus.(改為疑問句)→________________________________________________2.Johnisn’tgoingtoretire.(改為疑問句)→________________________________________________Won’tDadgoshoppingwithus?Isn’tJohngoingtoretire?一般將來時的標志詞tomorrow明天soon很快nextyear明年nextweek下周nextmonth下個月inafewdays幾天之后inthefuture將來一、用正確的形式填空1.I_____________(go)tothebookstoretomorrow.2.He_____________(climb)amountainthisweekend.3.She_____________(go)ice-skatingnextSunday.4.We_______________(plant)treesnextweek.5.They________________(swim)tomorrowafternoon.6.Iwill____________(go)fishing.7.Willhe__________(do)thedishes?8.Areyou____________(read)bookstomorrow?9.Todayisasunnyday.We_______________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.10.Mybrother___________(go)toShanghainextweek.amgoingtogoisgoingtoclimbisgoingtogoisgoingtoplantaregoingtoswimgodogoingtoreadaregoingtohavewillgo二、按要求改變句型I’m

goingtowriteane-mail.(改為一般疑問句，并作肯定回答)____________________________________________________2.Sheisgoingtodrinkwater.(改為一般疑問句，并作肯定回答)____________________________________________________3.Hewillplaychess.(改為一般疑問句，并作否定回答)____________________________________________________4.Wearegoingtothesciencemuseum.(改為一般疑問句，并作否定回答)____________________________________________________5.Itisgoingtorain.(改為一般疑問句)____________________________________________________Areyougoingtowriteane-mail?Yes,Iam.Isshegoingtodrinkwater?Yes,sheis.Willheplaychess?No,hewon’t.Areyougoingtothesciencemuseum?No,wearen’t.Isitgoingtorain?(四)現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時的定義現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作或發(fā)生的事情。例Thegirlisrunning!be+doing現(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進行時的基本形式為“be動詞+doing”,be動詞的形式隨著人稱的變化而變化。第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)復數(shù)I我we我們you你you你們he他she她it它they他們be動詞口訣be動詞真?zhèn)ゴ?，生了am、is、areI用amyou用arehe,she,it,用is單用is，復用are現(xiàn)在進行時的否定形式和疑問形式現(xiàn)在進行時的否定形式是在be動詞后加not；其疑問形式是把be動詞提至句首，句末用句號。填空：1.I____________________.我在工作。2.He____________________hishomework.他沒在做家庭作業(yè)。3.__________you____________aletter?你在寫信嗎？amworkingisn’tdoingArewriting現(xiàn)在進行時的標志詞now現(xiàn)在此刻atthemomentlook看listen聽Whataretheydoing?Theyare/Heis/Sheis……(五)過去進行時過去進行時的定義過去進行時表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，基本形式為“was/were+doing”，第一、三人稱單數(shù)后用was，其余各人稱以及復數(shù)形式后用were。Whatwashedoing?Whatweretheydoing?Hewastakingabath.TheywerewatchingTV.12過去進行時的否定形式和疑問形式過去進行時的否定式是在was/were后加________;其疑問形式是把________________提至句首，句末用_____________.was/were問號not填空1.昨天一早晨他都在工作。He________________________yesterdaymorning.2.你給我打電話的時候我正在吃晚飯。I_______________________dinnerwhenyoucalledme.3.那個時候她沒有畫畫。She______________________________atthattime.4.昨天晚上下雨了嗎？_________it___________lastnight?wasworkingwashavingwasnotpaintingWasraining過去進行時的標志詞atthattime那時thistimeyesterday昨天這個時候lastnight昨晚lastSaturday上周六用正確的形式填空1.-WhatdidyoutalkaboutwithMary?-Nothing.She___________________(make)acalltosomeone,soIjustnoddedtoherandwentaway.2.IsawJohninthebookstoreyesterday.He______________(read)abookatthatmoment.3.-Ididn’tseeyouatthepartylastnight?-I__________________(work)onmyEnglis