2025年高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作與讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)精講精練應(yīng)用文技巧2：詞匯的選擇與錘煉(解析版)

詞匯的選擇與錘煉1.替換常用簡(jiǎn)單詞(短語(yǔ))(1)名詞(短語(yǔ))變換機(jī)會(huì)chance→opportunity選擇choice→alternative課程course→curriculum影響effect→influence/impact后果result→consequence缺點(diǎn)shortcoming→drawback方法way→approach職業(yè)job→career/profession建議advice→guidance問(wèn)題problem→issue老人oldpeople→theelderly/theaged/seniorcitizens青少年youngpeople→youngsters/youths/adolescents幾天前afewdaysago→theotherday(2)動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))變換看見(jiàn)see→catchsightof遇見(jiàn)meet→comeacross喜歡like→haveapassionfor/befondof/haveanaffectionfor引起cause→leadto/resultin/giveriseto擁有have→possess提高develop/improve→promote替代replace→substitute注意到notice→spot完成finish→accomplish面對(duì)face→befacedwith/beconfrontedwith容忍bear→tolerate/putupwith處理dealwith→copewith使某人意識(shí)到makesb.realize→raisesb.’sawarenessof決定decide→determine/makeupone’smind考慮consider→takeintoconsideration/account應(yīng)該should→besupposedto理解understand→makesenseof/figureout使用use→employ/makeuseof/takeadvantageof道歉apologize→makeanapology記住remember→keepinmind發(fā)生happen→occur/comeabout想起thinkof→occurto/comeupwith感謝thank→appreciate幫助某人helpsb.→dosb.afavor節(jié)省save→setaside參觀visit→payavisitto分發(fā)handout→distribute站起來(lái)standup→risetoone’sfeet由……組成bemadeupof→consistof/becomposedof習(xí)慣于beusedto→beaccustomedto一定besuretodo→beboundtodo反對(duì)beagainst→objectto厭煩beboredwith→befedupwith忙于bebusywith→beoccupiedwith/beengagedin聞名befamousfor→haveareputationfor感到舒服feelcomfortable→feelatease美化校園maketheschoolbeautiful→beautifytheschool想做某事wanttodosth.→intend/desiretodosth.照看lookafter→attendto盡力做某事tryone’sbesttodosth.→sparenoefforttodosth.向某人尋求幫助asksb.forhelp→turntosb.forhelp(3)形容詞變換令人驚奇的surprising→amazing/astonishing/shocking貧窮的poor→needy/poverty-stricken優(yōu)秀的excellent→outstanding明顯的obvious→apparent/evident常見(jiàn)的common→universal充足的enough→adequate勤奮的hard-working→diligent可用的useable→available困難的difficult→challenging堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的strong→tough重要的important→significant/vital不可能的impossible→outofthequestion有趣的;有吸引力的interesting→absorbing/striking/appealing小心謹(jǐn)慎的careful→cautious幸運(yùn)的lucky→fortunate巨大的large→enormous合適的proper→appropriate豐富的rich→abundant古老的old→ancient唯一的only→unique全部的whole→entire富裕的rich→wealthy許多的many→alargequantity/numberof有空的free→available有益處的useful→beofbenefit高興的glad→delighted激動(dòng)的excited→thrilled壞的bad→disgusting/awful著名的famous→distinguished/well-known(4)其他詞(組)變換突然suddenly→allofasudden立即immediately→inaflash有時(shí)sometimes→occasionally/onceinawhile/fromtimetotime另外;況且besides→inaddition/what’smore/moreover因此so→therefore第一;首先f(wàn)irst→tobeginwith/startwith/firstofall第二;其次second→inaddition/what’smore最終finally→eventually/ultimately關(guān)于about→concerning也too→aswell否則or→otherwise事實(shí)上infact→asamatteroffact故意地onpurpose→bydesign/deliberately總之inaword→tosumup/inconclusion/insummary因?yàn)閎ecauseof→onaccountof/dueto/owingto/thanksto【典型例句】①Ontheonehand,toomuchpraisemightleadtochildren’slackofenthusiasmtoexplorenewthings(缺乏探索新事物的熱情),fortheyareafraidtheywon’tmeetparents’expectations(滿(mǎn)足父母的期望).②Consideringtheenormousbenefits(考慮到巨大的益處),whichwecanearnsteadilyfromtennispractice,includingpreventingusfromgettingshort-sighted(防止我們近視)andhelpinguskeepphysicallyhealthy,wearelostinthetrainingcourse.【拓展訓(xùn)練】①Thespecialdayallowspeopletoshowtheirloveandaffectionfor(對(duì)……表達(dá)愛(ài)和情感)theirfathers.

②It’sadvisable/wise(是明智的)forpeopletousetheircellphonesmoreappropriately/properly(更恰當(dāng)?shù)?.

③Withoutsufficientpreparation(沒(méi)有充分的準(zhǔn)備),youcanhardlyexpecttoanswerallthequestionscorrectlyandobtainsatisfactorymarks,letalonebeadmittedintoadesirableuniversity(夢(mèng)想的大學(xué)).

④TracysaidshehadalreadyinformedSusanof(通知蘇珊)thechangeoftheappointment.

⑤PeoplegenerallythoughtitimpossiblefortheChineseteamtowinthechampionshipintheRioOlympicGames,buttheyovercamemanyhurdles(克服許多障礙)andeventuallyworkedmiracles/wonders(最終創(chuàng)造了奇跡).

⑥D(zhuǎn)ramaNightisscheduledto(預(yù)定)beheldontheeveningofnextFridayinthetheatrehall.

⑦Additionally(此外),havingbeenawardedscholarshiptwiceinourschool,Ihaveexcellentacademicperformance(極好的學(xué)術(shù)成就).

⑧Thisphenomenonhasbecomeaconcern/focus(成為焦點(diǎn))wemustfacetodaybecauseofmanyseriousconsequences(許多嚴(yán)重后果)causedbyimproperuseofcellphones.

2.變化所用詞的詞性在作文中,可以通過(guò)改變一個(gè)詞的詞性,使文章富有變化,讓閱卷者感受到考生對(duì)詞匯各種用法的掌握水平和靈活運(yùn)用的程度。常見(jiàn)的變化詞性的策略有名詞變動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞變名詞、形容詞變名詞等。(1)名詞變動(dòng)詞Peopleareconcernedaboutthegradualdisappearanceofthetraditionalvalues.→Peopleareconcernedbecausethetraditionalvaluesaregraduallydisappearing.傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀正在漸漸地消亡,這讓人們很擔(dān)憂(yōu)。(2)動(dòng)詞變名詞Afterwatchinghisperformance,Ifoundhecouldreallydanceverywell.→Afterwatchinghisperformance,Ifoundhimareallygooddancer.看了他的表演之后,我發(fā)現(xiàn)他跳舞跳得很棒。(3)形容詞變名詞IwrotealettertoTomtothankhimforhisbeingsokind.→IwrotealettertoTomtothankhimforhiskindness.我寫(xiě)信給湯姆對(duì)他的善良表示感謝。3.善用短語(yǔ)漢語(yǔ)高級(jí)短語(yǔ)努力strugglefor=strivefor=sparenoeffortfor從事embarkon=setabout=goinfor在當(dāng)代incontemporarysociety=inpresent-daysociety=inthisdayandage大量的ahostof=agreatnumberof=alargeamountof更糟糕的是what’sworse=worsestill=tomakemattersworse遇見(jiàn);偶遇runinto=comeacross=meetwith在我看來(lái)inmyopinion=asfarasI’mconcerned=frommypointofview除了……之外(還有)inadditionto=apartfrom=aswellas=alongwith一方面,另一方面ontheonehand,ontheotherhand=foronething,foranother高度評(píng)價(jià)thinkhighlyof=singhighpraisefor=thinkwellof把……考慮在內(nèi)oconsideration=oaccount漢語(yǔ)高級(jí)短語(yǔ)有資格的;有能力的;勝任的befitfor=beequalto=bequalifiedfor=becompetentin參加takepartin/participatein一些如何……的建議someadvice/tips/suggestionsonhowto...對(duì)……感到緊張feelnervous/anxiousabout克服緊張;緩解焦慮ease/overcome/getovernervousness/relieveanxiety樹(shù)立信心;對(duì)自己有信心buildupconfidence/haveconfidenceinoneself/beconfidentaboutoneself對(duì)……有益的beofbenefit=bebeneficialto對(duì)……有害的;對(duì)……有損害的doharmto/dodamageto=beharmfulto接觸到;有機(jī)會(huì)使用gain/haveaccessto=beaccessibleto對(duì)某人(不)方便的beconvenient/inconvenientforsb.=bringconvenience/inconveniencetosb.對(duì)……有影響/作用haveaneffect/influence/impacton.../makeadifferenceto...【典型例句】①Forexample,paper-cuttingandChineseknotsareallfeasiblemethodsofintroducingourculture,whicharealsomoreconvenienttoorganize(更方便組織).②ThereasonswhyIamqualifiedforthejob(我能勝任這份工作的原因)areasfollows.【拓展訓(xùn)練】①Frommypointofview(我認(rèn)為),it’struethatcellphonesbringuslotsofbenefitsandconvenience,butonlywhenthey’reusedmoreappropriately(恰當(dāng)?shù)?cantheyserveusbetter.

②Allmyteachersandclassmatessinghighpraiseformyproficiency(高度贊揚(yáng)我的熟練)inbothChineseandEnglish.

③Takingallyourrequirementsintoaccount/consideration(考慮到你的全部要求),IfirmlybelieveI’mtherightpersonyou’relookingfor.

④Asforaccommodation,IprefertolivewithalocalfamilybecauseIwanttoimprovemyEnglishandexperienceauthenticAmericanculturecloseup(近距離體驗(yàn)真實(shí)的美國(guó)文化).

⑤Youareoptimisticaboutlifeandalwayshaveconfidence,whateverdifficultyyoumayencounter(遇見(jiàn)),whichhelpsyoustandoutamongtheclassmates.⑥Withtheimprovementofpeople’slivingstandards(隨著人們生活水平的提高),cellphonesarefloodingintoourlife.

⑦Wearesorryforanyinconveniencethatwe’llbringtoyou(我們給你帶來(lái)的不便).Thanksforyourunderstanding.

⑧Nowadays,thesmartphoneshavefoundtheirwaytoeveryfamilyandareplayingaveryimportantroleinourlife.Theyarebeneficialtousinmanyways.However,theyalsodoharmtousphysicallyandmentally(有害于我們的身心健康).

⑨Inaddition,seldomdoIhavetimetokeepmyparentscompany,soIdecidetohelpmyparentswithsomehouseworktorelease/ease/lessen/reducetheirpressure(緩解他們的壓力),whichIthinkisofbenefittoenhancingtherelationship(加強(qiáng)關(guān)系)betweenmyfamilymembers.

【語(yǔ)篇填空】根據(jù)所給信息補(bǔ)全短文,并注意高級(jí)詞匯的使用。DearPeter,Iamexceedinglydelighted(我非常高興)tohearfromyou.Youaskedmeinyourlastletteraboutthephysicalexerciseinourschoolandthefollowinginformationmaygiveyouasketch(給你一個(gè)概述).

Tobeginwith,afabulousnewstadiumhasbeenbuiltup(一座很大的新體育館已落成),whichhasbecomethenewlandmark(已成為新的地標(biāo))inourschool.Moreover,withthestadiumsetup,awiderangeofsportsevents(各種體育項(xiàng)目)areabletobeheld,ofwhichping-pong,footballaswellas(以及)runningcompetitionsenjoygreatpopularity(很受歡迎).Asforme,I’mintoxicatedwithbasketball(我熱愛(ài)籃球)sinceithasbeengivingmestrengthtoconfrontthechallengesinmylife(去迎接生活中的挑戰(zhàn)).

Allinall,Isincerelyinvite(誠(chéng)摯地邀請(qǐng))youtocometoourschoolandseeforyourself.

Yours,LiHua【綜合演練】1．假定你是李華，你的美國(guó)筆友Tom在給你的郵件中說(shuō)他對(duì)中國(guó)歷史人物很感興趣，請(qǐng)你介紹一位你喜歡并且崇拜的歷史人物。請(qǐng)給Tom回信，內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)包括：1.介紹人物；2.簡(jiǎn)述貢獻(xiàn)；3.對(duì)你的影響。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在相應(yīng)位置作答。DearTom,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua2．假定你是李華，你校英語(yǔ)話(huà)劇社擬舉辦英語(yǔ)話(huà)劇展演活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇開(kāi)幕辭，內(nèi)容包括：1.表示歡迎；2.活動(dòng)介紹。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Dearteachersandfellowstudents,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．假定你是某國(guó)際學(xué)校學(xué)生會(huì)主席，你校將于下周舉行一場(chǎng)英文講座。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一則英文通知，內(nèi)容包括：1.講座主題：TheWorldWildlifeDay；2.時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及講座內(nèi)容。注意：1.詞數(shù)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Notice___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudentCouncilMarch,14．假設(shè)你是李華，請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇短文向校英語(yǔ)社團(tuán)“LearningEnglish”的微信公眾號(hào)投稿，向同學(xué)們推薦一款兼顧趣味與英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的app。內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹這款app；2.分享使用體驗(yàn)。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實(shí)，行文連貫。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．假定你是李華，給你班交換生Frank發(fā)郵件，想邀請(qǐng)F(tuán)rank一起晨跑。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)提示，給他寫(xiě)一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.表明來(lái)意；2.晨跑的重要性；3.注意事項(xiàng)。注意：寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右。DearFrank,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestregards,LiHua6．假定你是李華，你在英語(yǔ)閱讀過(guò)程中時(shí)常對(duì)一些習(xí)語(yǔ)感到困惑。請(qǐng)給外教Mr.Smith寫(xiě)封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.你的困惑；2.尋求幫助。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearMr.Smith,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua參考答案1．DearTom,It’sgreattohearfromyou.Knowingthatyou’reinterestedinfamousfiguresinChinesehistory,Iamverygladtosharewithyoumyfavouriteone.TalkingofmyfavouritefigureinChinesehistory,Ican’thelpthinkingofQuYuan,agreatpatrioticpoetwithLisaoashismasterpiece.Inhonourofhim,theDragonBoatFestivalwasborn.WheneverIreadhispoems,Iamlostinthought.Hisspiritencouragesmetolovemycountryandtrysomethingnew.Ifyou’reinterestedinhim,I’llfindhisworkforyou.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua【寫(xiě)作分析】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給Tom回信，介紹一位喜歡并且崇拜的歷史人物?！疽c(diǎn)分析】1.詞匯積累為紀(jì)念：inhonourof→inmemoryof感興趣：beinterestedin→takeinterestin高興：glad→delighted想起：thinkof→recall2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：TalkingofmyfavouritefigureinChinesehistory,Ican’thelpthinkingofQuYuan,agreatpatrioticpoetwithLisaoashismasterpiece.拓展句：TalkingofmyfavouritefigureinChinesehistory,Ican’thelpthinkingofQuYuan,whowasagreatpatrioticpoetwithLisaoashismasterpiece.[高分句型1]Ifyou’reinterestedinhim,I’llfindhisworkforyou.(運(yùn)用了if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句)[高分句型2]WheneverIreadhispoems,Iamlostinthought.(運(yùn)用了whenever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)2．Dearteachersandfellowstudents,Iamdeeplyhonoredtowelcomeyoualltoourschool’sEnglishDramaSociety’sannualshowcase.Thiseventisacelebrationofourcreativity,hardwork,andpassionfortheEnglishlanguageandtheater.Tonight,wewillbetreatedtoaseriesofcompellingperformances,eachreflectingtheuniquevisionandtalentofourmembers.Wehopeyouenjoytheshowandareinspiredbythestoriesandcharactersbroughttolifeonourstage.【寫(xiě)作分析】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生為你校英語(yǔ)話(huà)劇社擬舉辦英語(yǔ)話(huà)劇展演活動(dòng)寫(xiě)一篇開(kāi)幕辭。【要點(diǎn)分析】1.詞匯積累榮幸：honored→privileged精彩的：compelling→splendid喜愛(ài)：enjoy→befondof熱情：passion→enthusiasm2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：Tonight,wewillbetreatedtoaseriesofcompellingperformances,eachreflectingtheuniquevisionandtalentofourmembers.拓展句：Tonight,wewillbetreatedtoaseriesofcompellingperformances,whichreflectstheuniquevisionandtalentofourmembers.[高分句型1]Tonight,wewillbetreatedtoaseriesofcompellingperformances,eachreflectingtheuniquevisionandtalentofourmembers.(運(yùn)用了獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))[高分句型2]Wehopeyouenjoytheshowandareinspiredbythestoriesandcharactersbroughttolifeonourstage.(運(yùn)用了省去that的賓語(yǔ)從句和過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ))3．NoticeNextweek,ourschoolwillholdanEnglishlectureonTheWorldWildlifeDay.Thelecturewillbegivenfrom8a.m.to10a.m.intheschoolauditoriumonSunday.Thecontentofthelecturewillincludethesignificanceofthedayandwaystoprotectwildlife.Besides,therewillbeaquestion-and-answersessionwhereyoucanputforwardyourwaystoprotectethewildlife.Ibelievethatafterthelecture,youwillgetthechancetoknowhowyoucandoindailylifetoprotectwildlife.Everyonewhoisinterestedinthelectureiswelcometoattend.TheStudentCouncilMarch,1【寫(xiě)作分析】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生就你校將于下周將舉行的一場(chǎng)英文講座寫(xiě)一則英文通知?！疽c(diǎn)分析】1.詞匯積累舉辦：hold→host重要性：significance→importance此外：besides→inaddition提出：putforward→comeupwith2.句式拓展合并簡(jiǎn)單句原句：Thelecturewillbegivenfrom8a.m.to10a.m.intheschoolauditoriumonSunday.Thecontentofthelecturewillincludethesignificanceofthedayandwaystoprotectwildlife.拓展句：Thelecturewillbegivenfrom8a.m.to10a.m.intheschoolauditoriumonSunday,thecontentofwhichwillincludethesignificanceofthedayandwaystoprotectwildlife.【高分句型1】Besides,therewillbeaquestion-and-answersessionwhereyoucanputupwithyourwaystoprotectethewildlife.(運(yùn)用了where引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句)【高分句型2】Ibelievethatafterthelecture,youwillgetthechancetoknowhowyoucandoindailylifetoprotectwildlife.(運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句和how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句)4．“Duolingo”isanexcellentappthatcombinesfunandeffectiveEnglishlearningmethods.Itoffersawiderangeofinteractivelessons,rangingfromvocabularyexercises,quizzestospeakingandlisteningtasks.What’sworthmentioningisthatitusesgame-likeelementstomakelearningmoreengagingandenjoyable.AfterusingDuolingoforawhile,IfinditissuchanincrediblyusefultoolthatI’mwillingtosaylearningEnglishhasbecomeanindispensablepartofmylife.Withvarietiesofexercisesandtheuser-friendlyinterface,notonlydoesitmakemylearningexperiencepleasurableandproductivebutalsoitdeepensmyinsightintoEnglishlearning.Ifyou’restrugglingtofindausefultoolforEnglishlearning,Duolingoisdefinitelyworthatry.I’mfirmlyconvincedthatyou’llloveitasmuchasIdo.【寫(xiě)作分析】本篇書(shū)面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生寫(xiě)一篇短文向校英語(yǔ)社團(tuán)“LearningEnglish”的微信公眾號(hào)投稿，向同學(xué)們推薦一款兼顧趣味與英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的app。【要點(diǎn)分析】1.詞匯積累杰出的：excellent→outstanding提供：offer→provide非常地：incredibly→remarkably各種各樣的：varietiesof→adiversityof2.句式拓展簡(jiǎn)單句變復(fù)合句原句：Itoffersawiderangeofinteractivelessons,rangingfromvocabularyexercises,quizzestospeakingandlisteningtasks.拓展句：Itoffersawiderangeofinteractivelessons,whichrangefromvocabularyexercises,quizzestospeakingandlisteningtasks.【高分句型1】“Duolingo”isanexcellentappthatcombinesfunandeffectiveEnglishlearningmethods.(運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句)【高分句型2】What’sworthmentioningisthatitusesgame-likeelementstomakelearningmoreengagingandenjoyable.(運(yùn)用了that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句和what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句)【高分句型3】Withvarietiesofexercisesandtheuser-friendlyinterface,notonlydoesitmakemylearningexperiencepleasurableandproductivebutalsoitdeepensmyinsightintoEnglishlearning.(運(yùn)用了部分倒裝)5．DearFrank,

Howareyoudoing?I’mwritingtoinviteyoutogoforamorningrunwithme,whichmaybenefitbothofusinanamazingway.

WhenIwasinjuniorhighschool,Ioftengotsickduetolackofexercise.SoIpickeduprunninginthemorning.Sincethen,runninghasplayedanimportantroleinmylife,withoutwhichIwouldn’thavebuiltstrongbody.Ithinkitisagoodwaytokeepfit.That’swhyIwanttoinviteyoutojoinme.Beforerunning,itisnecessarytohavesomepreparationexercises,suchaspressinglegsandswingingarms.What’smore,makesureappropriateshoesandclothingareworn.

Ihopeyoucanjoinmeinexercising.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.

Bestregards,