2025年高二英語(yǔ)寒假銜接講練 (人教版)第04講 Unit4重點(diǎn)單詞+詞組+重點(diǎn)句型講 練(選擇性必修三)（教師版）

第04講Unit4AdversityandCourage重點(diǎn)單詞+詞組

+重點(diǎn)句型講練(選擇性必修三)

一、精講X3U4重點(diǎn)單詞+詞組

1、adversityn.困境；逆境

adverseadj.不利的，有害的；反面的

overcomeadversity克服逆境

inthefaceofadversity面對(duì)逆境

Heovercamemanypersonaladversities.多次身處逆境,他都挺了過(guò)來(lái)。

Asfiretriesgold,sodoesadversitytryvirtue.烈火煉真金，逆境見(jiàn)美德。

2.wagen.工資

wagedadj.有報(bào)酬的

minimumwage最低工資

aweeklywageof...周薪......

wagecuts減薪

awageincrease/riseof.........的加薪

earnalivingwage謀生,掙工資

3.bitteradj.嚴(yán)寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的

bitterlyadv.痛苦地;嚴(yán)寒地

bittercold嚴(yán)寒

abitterwind刺骨寒風(fēng)

alongandbitterdispute一場(chǎng)漫長(zhǎng)而激烈的爭(zhēng)論

comeoutwithabittersmile苦笑著出來(lái)

4.expeditionn.探險(xiǎn)；遠(yuǎn)征；探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)

expeditionaryadj.遠(yuǎn)征的

apolarexpedition南極探險(xiǎn)

5.endurancen.忍耐力；耐久力

endurevt.忍受

physicalendurance身體耐力

endurev.忍耐，容忍

powersofendurance耐力

anendurancetest一次耐力測(cè)試

beyondendurance忍無(wú)可忍

can'tenduredoing/todosth.不能容忍做某事

6.vigourn.精力；力量；活力

vigorn.活力（美式拼寫(xiě)）

fullofvigour充滿(mǎn)活力

vigorousadj.充滿(mǎn)活力的;精力充沛的;強(qiáng)壯的

avigorousyoungman身強(qiáng)力壯的年輕人

7.qualifiedadj.符合資格；具備……的知識(shí)

qualificationn.資格；資歷

aqualifiedteacher合格的教師

bequalifiedfor具備·····的學(xué)歷/資歷/知識(shí)/技能

bequalifiedtodosth.具備資歷做某

aqualifiedlawyer取得執(zhí)業(yè)資格的律師

qualifyv.使具備·資格

behighly/suitably/fullyqualified高度/正好/完全符合資格

qualificationn.資格;學(xué)歷;資歷

disqualificationn.取消資格;剝奪資格

8.enthusiasticadj.熱情的；熱心的

enthusiasmn.熱情

showenthusiasm展現(xiàn)熱情

be/becomeenthusiasticaboutdoingsth.對(duì)做某事感興趣,對(duì)做某事熱心

anenthusiasticsupporter熱心的支持者

anenthusiasticwelcome熱烈歡迎

enthusiasticallyadv.熱情地

enthusiasmn.熱情,熱忱

with(great)enthusiasm(非常)熱情地

fullofenthusiasm充滿(mǎn)熱情

9.aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飛機(jī)、公共汽車(chē)等)

aboardadj.在船(或飛機(jī)、車(chē))上的

goaboard上船

區(qū)分:abroadadv.在國(guó)外,到國(guó)外

goaboard上船/飛機(jī)/火車(chē)/公共汽車(chē)

beaboardtheplane/ship在飛機(jī)/船上

Welcomeaboard!歡迎乘坐!

Allaboard!請(qǐng)大家上船/火車(chē)/公共汽車(chē)!

形近詞:abroadadv.在國(guó)外;到國(guó)外

goabroad出國(guó)athomeandabroad國(guó)內(nèi)外

10.cupboardn.櫥柜；壁櫥；衣柜

Cupboardsn.櫥柜（復(fù)數(shù)）

kitchencupboard廚房櫥柜

11.assignvt.分派；布置；分配

assignmentn.分配；任務(wù)

assignatask分配任務(wù)

assignsth.tosb./assignsb.sth.給某人分派某任務(wù)

assignsb.to/assth.指派某人做某工作/擔(dān)任某職務(wù)

threewrittenassignments三項(xiàng)書(shū)面作業(yè)

onassignment受委派

12.stewardn.(輪船、飛機(jī)或火車(chē)上的)乘務(wù)員；服務(wù)員

stewardess[?stju??rd?s]n.女乘務(wù)員

airlinesteward航空公司乘務(wù)員

13.envyn.&vt.羨慕；妒忌

enviousadj.羨慕的

feelenvious感到羨慕

theenvyofsb.某人羨慕/妒忌的對(duì)象

outofenvy出于嫉妒

withenvy羨慕地,妒忌地

envysb.sth.羨慕某人某事

envysb.forsth.因某事而羨慕某人

14.crushvt.毀壞；壓壞；壓碎n.擁擠的人群

crushedadj.被壓碎的

acrushofpeople擁擠的人群

becrushedtodeath壓死

getcrushed被壓壞/壓碎

15.sinkvi.(sanksunk,sunk)沉沒(méi)；下沉；下降

sinkin被理解沉;使沉沒(méi)n.洗碗槽

sinktothebottomof沉到······的底部

thesinkingsun落日

拓：sink一詞多義:倒下;頹然坐下;陷入

sinkintoachair頹然倒在椅子上

sinkdown沉落

sinkintopoverty陷入貧困中

asinkingfeeling不祥的感覺(jué);沮喪之情

besunkinthought陷人沉思

16.abandonvt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄

abandonedadj.被遺棄的

abandonship棄船

abandondoingsth.放棄做某事

abandononeselfto沉湎于(某種情感)

拓：anabandonedfarm廢棄的農(nóng)場(chǎng)

abandonedadj.被遺棄的,被拋棄的

anabandonedcar被拋棄的小汽車(chē)

anabandonedchild被遺棄的孩子

abandonhope放棄希望

17.blanketn.毯子

blanketsn.毯子（復(fù)數(shù)）

awarmblanket一條溫暖的毯子

18.belongingsn.[pl.]財(cái)物；動(dòng)產(chǎn)

belongvi適應(yīng);應(yīng)在(某處)

personalbelongings個(gè)人物品

拓：常用復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞:

earnings薪水belongings財(cái)物findings調(diào)研結(jié)果

savings儲(chǔ)蓄金goods貨物woods樹(shù)林tears淚水

ruins廢墟congratulations祝賀surroundings環(huán)境

instructions指示;說(shuō)明personalbelongings個(gè)人財(cái)物

19.miserableadj.痛苦的；令人難受的

miserablyadv.痛苦地;非常難受地;悲慘地

lookmiserable一副悶阿不樂(lè)的樣子

miserableconditions惡劣的條件

wanderaroundmiserably可憐兮兮地四處游蕩

amiserablycoldday令人難受的寒冷天氣

feelmiserable感到痛苦

20.voyagen.&vi.航海；航行

voyagesn.航海（復(fù)數(shù)）

anaround-the-worldvoyage環(huán)球航行

onthevoyageout/home出航途中/歸航途中

avoyageinspace航天

goon/make/takeavoyage去航海(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作)

beonavoyage在航海(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài))

make/takeavoyageto..航海到···...

make/takeavoyagetoAfrica航海去非洲

辨：各種“旅行”:

海上航行用voyage

長(zhǎng)途陸路用journey;

短途短期用trip;

旅游觀光用tour

travel用法最普遍,特別指“游記”。

21.navyn.海軍；海軍部隊(duì)

navaladj.海軍的

navalforce海軍力量

22.decentadj.相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的；正派的；得體的

decencyn.適當(dāng)；體面

decentlyadv.正派地;得體地

adecentjob一份體面的工作

23.cosyadj.溫馨的；舒適的

acosylittleroom溫暖舒適的小房間

acosyfeeling愜意的感覺(jué)

warmandcosy暖和又舒適

acosyroom一個(gè)溫馨的房間

24.selfishadj.自私的

selflessadj.無(wú)私的

selflesslyadv無(wú)私地；忘我地

selfishbehaviour自私的行為

Itisselfishofsb.todosth.某人做某事是自私的。

workselflessly忘我工作

actselfishly自私行事

25.good/bad-temperedadj.脾氣好的/壞的

Tempern.脾氣

agood-temperedchild脾氣好的孩子

26.genuineadj.真正的；真誠(chéng)的；可信賴(lài)的

genuinelyadv.真正地

geniusn.天才

fakeadj.假的

27、genuinediamond/gold真鉆石/真金

genuinelove真誠(chéng)的愛(ài)

genuinesignature親筆簽名

28.perseverevi.堅(jiān)持；孜孜以求

Perseverancen.毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神

perseverevi.堅(jiān)持；孜孜以求

fullofenergyandperseverance充滿(mǎn)活力和毅力

persevereinanattempttodosth.堅(jiān)持嘗試做某事

29.resolvevi.&vt.決定；決心；解決(問(wèn)題或困難)

resolutionn.決心；堅(jiān)定的信念,決議；解決；堅(jiān)定

resolveaconflict解決沖突

resolveaproblem解決問(wèn)題

resolvetodosth.決心/決定（做）某事

resolvethat...決心/決定（做）某事

resolveondoingsth.決心/決定（做）某事

makearesolutiontodosth.決定做某事

makearesolution做出決心

31.crewn.(輪船、飛機(jī)等上面的)全體工作人員；專(zhuān)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)；一群人

crews[kru?z]n.工作人員（復(fù)數(shù)）

thecrewofaship船員

32.crueladj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的

cruellyadv.殘酷地

acruelact一個(gè)殘酷的行為

33.thoroughadj.深入的；徹底的；細(xì)致的

thoroughlyadv.徹底地

athoroughinvestigation徹底調(diào)查

34.furnituren.家具

furnishvt.供應(yīng)家具

officefurniture辦公家具

35.unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遺憾地

unfortunateadj.不幸的

36.fortunatelyadv.幸運(yùn)地

fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的

37.dampadj.潮濕的；濕氣重的

dampern.減震器

dampweather潮濕的天氣

38.recreationn.娛樂(lè)；消遣；游戲

recreationaladj.娛樂(lè)的

outdoorrecreation戶(hù)外運(yùn)動(dòng)

39.guidancen.指導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)航

Guidevt.指導(dǎo)

careerguidance職業(yè)指導(dǎo)

40.nephewn.侄子；外甥

niecen.侄女；外甥女

mynephew我的侄子

41.advertisingn.廣告活動(dòng)；廣告業(yè)

advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告

advertisingcampaign廣告活動(dòng)

42.corporateadj.公司的；法人的；社團(tuán)的

corporationn.公司

acorporateevent公司活動(dòng)

43.roughadj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的

roughlyadv.大致上

aroughsea洶涌的海

44.navigatorn.領(lǐng)航員；(飛機(jī)、船舶等上的)航行者

navigationn.航行

askillednavigator熟練的領(lǐng)航員

45.loyaladj.忠誠(chéng)的；忠實(shí)的

loyaltyn.忠誠(chéng)

loyalcustomers忠誠(chéng)的顧客

46.motorn.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)；馬達(dá)adj.有引擎的；機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)的

motorizedadj.機(jī)動(dòng)的

amotorvehicle機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)

47.candidaten.候選人；應(yīng)試者

candidacyn.候選人資格

apresidentialcandidate總統(tǒng)候選人

48.episoden.(人生的)一段經(jīng)歷；(小說(shuō)的)片段；插曲

episodesn.插曲（復(fù)數(shù)）

amemorableepisode難忘的經(jīng)歷

49.commitmentn.承諾；保證；奉獻(xiàn)

commitvt.承諾

asenseofcommitment承諾感

50.motiven.動(dòng)機(jī)；原因；目的

motivatedadj.有動(dòng)機(jī)的

motiveforaction行動(dòng)的動(dòng)機(jī)

51.turnsb.down拒絕(某人)

turndown調(diào)低turnup出現(xiàn);到達(dá);調(diào)高

turnout結(jié)果是,證明是turnto求助于;翻到

turnaround轉(zhuǎn)身turnon接通(電流、水等);打開(kāi)

turnoff關(guān)掉turnover翻身;翻轉(zhuǎn);移交

turnin上交;退還

52.be/get/becomestuckin被困在···

be/getstuckinatrafficjam遇到交通堵塞

be/gettrappedin(=be/getstuckin)被困在·····.

be/getcaughtin突然遭遇(風(fēng)暴等)

常用的“get+過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu):

gethurt受傷害getcured被治愈

getinvited被邀請(qǐng)getbroken壞了

getpunished受到懲罰

53.keepone'sspiritsup保持某人高昂的情緒

ateamspirit團(tuán)隊(duì)精神aspiritofadventure冒險(xiǎn)精神

inlow/highspirits情緒低落/高漲raise/liftone'sspirits振奮某人的情緒

spirit表示“情緒”時(shí),用復(fù)數(shù)形式

one'sspiritsrise/lift/sink某人高興起來(lái)/情緒低落

54.makeit準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá);獲得成功;設(shè)法做成

makeitto(尤指在困難情況下)到達(dá),趕上

makeittotheairportjustintime及時(shí)到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)

makeup編造;化妝;和好;組成

makeupfor補(bǔ)償;彌補(bǔ)

makesense講得通;有意義

makeone'sway(to)去,前往

makeuseof利用,使用

makethemostof充分利用(=makefulluseof)

55、holdon等一等;堅(jiān)持住;(電話(huà)用語(yǔ))別掛斷

holdonuntilhelparrives堅(jiān)持直到援助到來(lái)

holdonto抓緊,不松開(kāi)

holdontomyarm抓住我的手臂

holdback阻止;抑制(眼淚等)

二、精講X3U4重點(diǎn)句型

1、turnsb.down：However,whenIappliedtojointheexpedition,Shackletonturnedmedownbecausehethought

Iwastooyoungandwasn'tqualified.此句型中“turnsb.down”表示“拒絕某人”，如：I'mafraidourbosswill

turnmedown.另外，需注意“turndown”還有“調(diào)小”的意思，如turndowntheradio.

2、bequalifiedfor/todosth.：Theladyisideallyqualifiedforthejob.其中“bequalifiedfor”表示“具備……

資格的；適合擔(dān)任……的”，“bequalifiedtodosth.”表示“有資格做某事”，是常用表達(dá)，如：Heisqualified

toteachEnglish.其動(dòng)詞形式為qualify，名詞形式為qualification.

3、abandonsth.tosb.：Theyhadtoabandontheirlandstotheinvadingforces.“abandon”意為“舍棄；拋棄；

放棄”，常用搭配有“abandononeselfto(doing)sth.”表示“縱情/沉溺于(做)某事”，“abandondoingsth.”

表示“放棄做某事”，如：Heabandonedhimselftoplayingcomputergames.形容詞形式為abandoned，意為

“廢棄的；被遺棄的；放任的”.

4、holdon：Holdonnow,Perce.“holdon”有“稍等；挺?。粓?jiān)持??；(打電話(huà))別掛斷”等意思，如：Hold

onforaminute,I'vejustgottoputonmymake-up.其相關(guān)短語(yǔ)有“holdup”表示“支撐起；承受?。谎舆t，

阻礙；搶劫”；“holdonto”表示“抓緊；不放開(kāi)；保留；堅(jiān)持”等

5、allowsb.todosth./allowdoingsth.：Wewerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonalbelongings.此句

中“allowsb.todosth.”表示“允許某人做某事”，而“allowdoingsth.”則表示“允許做某事”，如：My

parentsallowmetowatchTVonweekends./Theydon'tallowsmokinghere.

6、managetodosth.：Wehavemanagedtosurvive.“managetodosth.”表示“努力做某事（成功）”，強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)

過(guò)努力最終達(dá)到目的，如：Hemanagedtofinishtheworkontime.

7、aslongas：Aslongaswedon'tloseheart,wewillsucceed.“aslongas”引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“只

要……”，如：Youcangoouttoplayaslongasyoufinishyourhomework.

8、whatif：Whatiftheyweredelayed?“whatif”用于提出假設(shè)或疑問(wèn)，意為“如果……將會(huì)怎么樣”，如：

Whatifitrainstomorrow?.

9、Ithappenedthat...：IthappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementaboutthe

Antarcticexpedition.此句型表示“碰巧……”，如：IthappenedthatImethimonthestreet..

10、beenthusiasticabout：Iamenthusiasticabouttheidea.“beenthusiasticabout...”表示“對(duì)……熱情”，如：

Sheisenthusiasticaboutdancing.

11、getalong/onwith：Igetalongwellwithmyclassmates.“getalong/onwith...”表示“和……相處”，如：

Howdoyougetalongwithyournewpartner?.

三、X3U4精練試題

1、詞匯精練：

1．_________n．困境；逆境

2．_________adj.嚴(yán)寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的

3．________n．探險(xiǎn)；遠(yuǎn)征；探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)

4．_______adj.自私的

5．_________adv.&prep.上(船、飛機(jī)、公共汽車(chē)等)

6．______vt.毀壞；壓壞；壓碎n．擁擠的人群

7．______vi.沉沒(méi)；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉沒(méi)

8．_______vt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄

9．________adj.痛苦的；令人難受的

10．_________adj.相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的；正派的；得體的

11．_________adj.真正的；真誠(chéng)的；可信賴(lài)的

12．________n．(輪船、飛機(jī)等上面的)全體工作人員；專(zhuān)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)；一群人

13．__________adj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的

14．__________n．家具

15．_______adj.潮濕的；濕氣重的

16．__________-n．娛樂(lè)；消遣；游戲

17．__________adj.公司的；法人的；社團(tuán)的

18．_______adj.忠誠(chéng)的；忠實(shí)的

19．_________n．候選人；應(yīng)試者

2、詞匯拓展

1．_______n．忍耐力；耐久力→________vt.忍耐；忍受

2．________adj.符合資格；具備……的知識(shí)(或技能、學(xué)歷等)

________vt.取得資格；使合格

3．________-adj.熱情的；熱心的→_________n．熱情；熱忱

4．_______vt.分派；布置；分配→________n．分配的任務(wù)

5．______-n.&vt.羨慕；妒忌→_________adj.妒忌的

6．________n．[pl.]財(cái)物；動(dòng)產(chǎn)→_________vi.屬于

7．_________n．毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神→________vi.堅(jiān)持；孜孜以求

8．_______vi.&vt.決定；決心；解決(問(wèn)題或困難)n．決心；堅(jiān)定的信念

_______n．決議；解決；堅(jiān)定

9．________adj.深入的；徹底的；細(xì)致的→__________-adv.徹底地

10．________-adv.不幸地；遺憾地→__________adv.幸運(yùn)地

11．__________n．申請(qǐng)；請(qǐng)求；應(yīng)用→________-v．申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用→_________n．申請(qǐng)人

12．_______n．指導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)航→_______-v．引導(dǎo)

13．________n．廣告活動(dòng)；廣告業(yè)→_________vt.&vi.公布；宣傳；做廣告

14．_______adj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的→_________adv.粗略地

15．________n．承諾；保證；奉獻(xiàn)→_________-vt.&vi.(使)作出保證；投入

16．________n．動(dòng)機(jī)；原因；目的adj.發(fā)動(dòng)的→_________n．動(dòng)機(jī)

3、單句語(yǔ)法填空

1.English(navigate)JamesCook,whosailedalongthiscoastin1770,wasthefirstEuropeanknown

tohavesightedFraserIsland.

2.Nativespeciesdisappearedatarateof(rough)twoperyear,whilemorethanonenewcomerarrived.

3.HeisloyalthePartyandhewillalwaysremainso.

4.Allthemorereasonfor(candidate)tobechosenonthebasisofcompetence,notplaceofbirth.

5.Thismeansthattheclosenessandattractiontheyoncefeltisgone,andtheystaytogetheronlyoutof

(commit).

6.Agood(motor)mustleadtogoodeffect,andagoodpurposemustberealizedbygoodmeasures.

7.WheneverIencounterdifficulties,hereyeswillencouragemeandhelpmecheer.

8.Thepollutedair(give)offbycarswilldogreatharmtoourhealth,andtoomanyprivatecarswill

leadtotrafficjamsandagreatdealofenergywillbewasted.

9.Thedevelopmentand(apply)ofnewtechnologiesarekeytothesmoothconstructionofChina’s

smartairports.

10.Gothiswayabouttenminutes.Whenyouseeamotorcar(advertise),turnleft.

4、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.Formostcitizens,(wage)aretheonlysourceofincome.

2.Although38percentofthepeoplediedofdiseasesduringthe(expedite),Cook’sdietofproperfood

kepttherestofthemhealthy.

3.Finallyoneday,Ididit,I(turn)downanunreasonablerequest.

4.Idon’tknowmuchaboutit,soIdon’tfeel(qualify)tocomment.

5.SheisinGreeceonan(assign)foroneoftheSundaynewspapers.

6.Thedigginghadleftanetworkof(abandon)minesandtunnels.

7.Hehasneverstoppedtryingandshowedgreat(persevere).

8.Theymadea(resolve)tolosealltheweightgainedduringtheChristmasholidays.

9.Ithinkthe(apply)deadlinewasNovember1st.

10.Our(commit)willbeofthehighestorder.

5、語(yǔ)法

1.We(discuss)theprojectfortwohours.Let’stakeabreak.

2.Atpresent,thereform(approach)itsfinalgoalthatisschoolimprovement.

3.“I(dream)ofarurallifefordecades,butmyworkhampers(阻礙)me,”Chengsays.

4.Analystsfoundthattwomillionofus(abandon)DIYoverthepasttwoyears.

5.Thecompany(promise)ariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappenedyet.

6.Sofar,onlythreecountries(manage)toindependentlysendhumansintospace:China,Russia

andtheU.S.

6、課文語(yǔ)法填空

(1)

ASUCCESSFULFAILURE

PerceBlackborowjoinedanexpeditionwithSirErnestShackletontoAntarcticaontheshipEndurancein

1914.Shackletonwasoneofthemostfamous_1______________(explore)ofhisdayanditwasconsideredagreat

honourtobepartofhisexpeditions.Below_2_________(be)someofBlackborow'sdiaryentries.

31Oct,1914

...Well,itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarctic

expedition.

Anexpedition_3_________theSouthPolewiththegreatSirErnestShackleton-thisistheadventurethatI

_4______________(dream)of.AndIwasreadyforit.Attheageof19,Iamfitandfullofvigour.

_5______________,whenIappliedtojointheexpedition,ShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwas

tooyoungandwasn't_6______________(qualify).ButIwassoenthusiasticabouttheideaofgoingalongwith

them_7_____________Isecretlywentaboardhisship,theEndurance,andhidinasmallcupboard.

_8______________(unfortunate),threedaysafterwesetoffIwasdiscovered.Shackletondidnotwanttoturnback

sohe_9______________(offer)meajob,butonlyafterhepromisedme,"Ifanyonehastobeeaten,thenyouwill

bethefirst!"Heassignedmetobeasteward,andInowservemealsfortwenty-eightmen,threetimes

_10___________day.

HoweveryonewillenvymewhenIcomebackandtellthemabouttheamazingplacesIhavebeen

_11________!

21Nov,1915

Thejourneyhasnotbeeneasy.Endurancebecame_12______________(stick)intheiceasweapproached

Antarctica.Theicefrozearoundusandwewerewelland_13______________(true)stuck!Wesawtheshipget

_14______________(crush)bytheice.Andwhentheshipsank,ourheartssank_15_______it.

_16___________weabandonedtheship,Shackletoncalmlycalledustogetherandtoldustorescueourmost

essentialsupplies-thesmallboats,ourfood,thecookstove,candles,clothes,andblankets.Thiswasnotime

_17______________(panic).Wewerenotallowedtotakemostofourpersonal_18______________(belonging),

andShackletonhimselfthrewawayallhisgold.Buttooursurprise,heallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo.Hussey

oftenplaysittokeepour_19______________(spirit)up.

Wehavenowcampedontheiceandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive,butspringiscoming,andtheicewill

soonbegintomelt.

20May,1916

We_20______________(struggle)fordays,butthingsonElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.We

arenowcrowdedtogetherunderoneofourboatsonthe_21______________(rock)shoreofthismiserableplace.

Soonafterwearrived,ShackletonleftustofindhelponSouthGeorgiaIsland,1,320kilometresaway-thevoyage

wastoodangerousanddifficultforallofustomake_22_________inoursmallboats.IfShackletonfails,willwe

haveanyhopeofrescue?No.NonavyintheworldeverstopsatElephantIsland,andnooneelseknowsthatwe

arehere.

Ifeellow.It'scoldandwindy.Theislandhasnoplants.Sometimesweareabletocatchasealorapenguinto

eat.Otherwise,thereisnofood.Itrytothinkofhappierthings:decentfood,warmanddryclothes,acosybedroom,

sunnydays,andmymother'sface..._23____________,thesehappymemoriesaresooninterruptedby

_24_________suddencoldrushofair.Ishouted,"Shutthedoor!"

"Holdonnow,Perce.Don'tyougo_25______________(turn)intoanotherTom,"camethereply."We've

caughtanotherpenguin,soit'spenguinsouptonight!"

BlessFrankWild,thekindestmanthereisafterourleader,ErnestShackleton.HowcouldIbecome

_26___________selfishandbad-temperedasThomasOrde-Lees!

WithoutFrankandErnest,we'dallbedeadbynow.Theirgenuineconcernforothers,their

_27______________(persevere),andtheirresolvefillmewithhope.Perhapsthereisachancewewillreturnhome,

afterall.

(2)

THEREWARDFORPERSEVERANCE

WewatchedasShackletonandtheboatsailedawayfromElephantIsland.Itwaseasy

_1______________(imagine)thedangeraheadofthem.Wouldtheyeverreturntofindus?Whatmighthappento

them?Whatifthey_2______________(delay)?Wefeltsoaloneanddesperate.Butitwasnotforlong.Therewas

nothinglikeagooddinnerandsomemusic_3______________(cheer)usup.

Life_4______________(fall)intoaregularpattern.Stayingalivetookallourtimeandenergy.Forexample,

weneededwater,andElephantIslandhadnone.Wefoundthatwecouldmelticefromtheoceananddrinkthe

waterfromit.Buthowcouldwemakefire?Therewerenotrees_5______________(grow)onAntarcticaandno

oil,sotheonlyfuelwecouldusewasanimalfat.Thisgave_6___________oily,blacksmoke,butitstayed

_7______________(burn)eveninstrongwinds.

Foodwasalsoaproblem,aswedidnotfindanyvegetablesorfruitontheisland.Oneofourgroupmembers,

LionelGreenstreet,notedinhisdiaryabouthowboredhewas_8____________themeals:"Thefoodnowispretty

wellallmeatofseacreatures."Ifitweren'tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.Asachef,itwasmydutytocook,

soItriedtovarythemealsin_9____________wayIcould.Butitwasdifficult.

Wehadtobecarefulnottogooutsidetoooften,asthechangingtemperaturescouldmakeusill.Itwasalmost

_10__________dangeroustobecometoohotfromwearingtoomanyclothesastobecometoocoldfromwearing

toofew.Thesweatcouldfreezeveryquickly.Manyofusalsobecameillfromtheblacksmokeoftheanimalfatwe

burnt_11___________ourfires.Itdamagedoureyesandburntourlungs.

Thetwenty-twoofuslivedlikethisinthecoldforfourmonths.Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptus

optimisticandhelpedusdealwithourfears_12__________apositiveandsuccessfulway.Wealsocelebratedour

birthdays,festivals,andeventhetimes_13____________wecaughtaseaanimal.Thiswasanepisodeinmylife

thatIwouldneverforget.

Whenwewerefinallyrescued,wefelt_14___________reliefandjoythatmanyofuscouldnothideourtears.

Wewereatlastfreetogohometowarmbeds,goodfood,andthecareofourfamilyandfriends.Ouroptimismand

faith_15___________Shackletonhadhelpeduspersevereinstayingalive.Andhepaidusbackbyhis

commitmenttosaveusfromaslow_16___________painfuldeath.

X3U4精練試題答案

一、1.adversity2.bitter3.expedition4.selfish5.aboard6.crush7.sink8.abandon9.miserable10.decent11.

genuine12.crew13.cruel14.furniture15damp16.recreation

17.corporate18.loyal19.candidate

二、1.endurance;endure2.qualified;qualify3.enthusiastic;enthusiasm4.assign;assignment5.envy;envious6.

belongings;belong7.perseverance;persevere8.resolve;resolution9.thorough;thoroughly10.unfortunately;

fortunately11.application;apply;applicant12.guidance;guide13.advertising;advertise14.rough;roughly15.

commitment;commit16.motive;motivation

三、1.Englishnavigator(navigate)JamesCook,whosailedalongthiscoastin1770,wasthefirstEuropeanknown

tohavesightedFraserIsland.

2.Nativespeciesdisappearedatarateofroughly(rough)twoperyear,whilemorethanonenewcomerarrived.

3.HeisloyaltothePartyandhewillalwaysremainso.

4.Allthemorereasonforcandidates(candidate)tobechosenonthebasisofcompetence,notplaceofbirth.

5.Thismeansthattheclosenessandattractiontheyoncefeltisgone,andtheystaytogetheronlyoutof

commitment(commit).

6.Agoodmotive(motor)mustleadtogoodeffect,andagoodpurposemustberealizedbygoodmeasures.

7.WheneverIencounterdifficulties,hereyeswillencouragemeandhelpmecheerup.

8.Thepollutedairgiven(give)offbycarswilldogreatharmtoourhealth,andtoomanyprivatecarswillleadto

trafficjamsandagreatdealofenergywillbewasted.

9.Thedevelopmentandapplication(apply)ofnewtechnologiesarekeytothesmoothconstructionofChina’s

smartairports.

10.Gothiswayabouttenminutes.Whenyouseeamotorcaradvertisement(advertise),turnleft.

四、1.Formostcitizens,wages(wage)aretheonlysourceofincome.

2.Although38percentofthepeoplediedofdiseasesduringtheexpedition(expedite),Cook’sdietofproperfood

kepttherestofthemhealthy.

3.Finallyoneday,Ididit,Iturned(turn)downanunreasonablerequest.

4.Idon’tknowmuchaboutit,soIdon’tfeelqualified(qualify)tocomment.

5.SheisinGreeceonanassignment(assign)foroneoftheSundaynewspapers.

6.Thedigginghadleftanetworkofabandoned(abandon)minesandtunnels.

7.Hehasneverstoppedtryingandshowedgreatperseverance(persevere).

8.Theymadearesolution(resolve)tolosealltheweightgainedduringtheChristmasholidays.

9.Ithinktheapplication(apply)deadlinewasNovember1st.

10.Ourcommitment(commit)willbeofthehighestorder.

五、1.Wehavebeendiscussing(discuss)theprojectfortwohours.Let’stakeabreak.

2.Atpresent,thereformhasapproached(approach)itsfinalgoalthatisschoolimprovement.

3.“Ihavebeendreaming(dream)ofarurallifefordecades,butmyworkhampers(阻礙)me,”Chengsays.

4.Analystsfoundthattwomillionofushaveabandoned(abandon)DIYoverthepasttwoyears.

5.Thecompanyhasbeenpromising(promise)ariseinsalaryforages,butnothinghashappenedyet.

6.Sofar,onlythreecountrieshavemanaged(manage)toindependentlysendhumansintospace:China,Russiaand

theU.S.

六、答案解析

1、explorers：“oneof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“……之一”，此處指“最著名的探險(xiǎn)家之一”，所以用explore

的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式explorers。

2、are：此句是倒裝句，主語(yǔ)是“someofBlackborow'sdiaryentries”，為復(fù)數(shù)概念，描述的是一般情況，所

以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的be動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式are。

3、to：“anexpeditionto...”表示“去……的探險(xiǎn)”，此處指去南極的探險(xiǎn)，用介詞to表示方向。

4、haddreamed：此處表示“這是我一直夢(mèng)想的冒險(xiǎn)”，夢(mèng)想這個(gè)動(dòng)作在“readtheadvertisement”之前就已

經(jīng)存在，是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)haddreamed。

5、However：前文提到自己準(zhǔn)備好了，后文說(shuō)被拒絕了，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用However表轉(zhuǎn)折。

6、qualified：“bequalified”表示“合格的，有資格的”，符合語(yǔ)境，此處用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。

7、that：“so...that...”是固定句型，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“如此……以至于……”，符合此處語(yǔ)境。

8、Unfortunately：此處修飾整個(gè)句子，要用副詞形式，在句首作狀語(yǔ)，所以用Unfortunately，意為“不幸

的是”。

9、offered：文章整體是在敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，此處offer的過(guò)去式為offered，符合時(shí)態(tài)

要求。

10、a：“threetimesaday”表示“一天三次”，是固定表達(dá)。

11、to：“havebeento”表示“去過(guò)（某地）”，強(qiáng)調(diào)有這樣的經(jīng)歷，符合語(yǔ)境。

12、stuck：“becomestuck”表示“被困住”，stuck是stick的過(guò)去分詞形式，在這里作表語(yǔ)，符合“get/become

+過(guò)去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表