2025版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit18Beauty單元話題語(yǔ)篇訓(xùn)練每單元3練北師大版選修6

PAGEPAGE15Unit18Beauty課時(shí)練(一)閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度(限時(shí)：35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·合肥質(zhì)檢)TheatersofthePastTheGreekTheaterTheatersdevelopedinmanypartsofGreece.AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopen-airsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.Duetothis,actorsplacedemphasisonexaggerated(夸張的)actionandspeech.Andcolorfulsymbolicmasksandcostumeswereused.TheMedievalTheaterTheMedievaltheaterstartedinchurches.That'swhymedievalplayswereaboutBiblestories.Atfirst,itbecameacustomforpriests(牧師)toactoutbriefscenesduringChristmasandEaster.Theseactsattractedlargecrowds.Finallythechurchrefusedtoallowprieststoparticipateinanysucheventsagain,soordinarypeoplebegantheseperformancesoutside.Performancesweresetinthetownsquare,withseveralstagesettingsaroundit.TheElizabethanTheaterTheEngland'stheaterdevelopedrapidlyintheyearsfollowingthedefeatoftheSpanishArmada.ThedominantfeatureofElizabethantheaterwasthestage.Ithasthreeparts:Theforestageforoutsidescenes;theinnerstageforscenesinsideabuilding;anupperstageorbalconyforvariouspurposes.Thereasonforthisdesignisthattherewerenoscenechanges,orbreaksduringtheplay.Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.Thisledtoamorepoeticscript,andpoetsbecamethemainsourceofscriptwriting.TheRestorationTheaterSomeoftheplaystoldsadstories,butthemajorityoftheplayswerereallyfunny.Manyspecializedmachineswereusedtocreatethescene.Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters(百葉窗)werepaintedwiththescene.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要介紹了幾家過(guò)去的劇院。1．WhywereancientGreektheatersbuiltonhills?A．Toholdalargeaudience.B．Tobuildabigandstrongstage.C．Tohaveabettersoundeffect.D．Toemphasizeexaggeratedperformances.解析：選A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第三句“Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime”可知，希臘劇院依山而建是為了可以容納大量的觀眾，故選A。2．Inwhichtheatercouldactors'voicesandspeecheshelpcreatescenes?A．TheGreekTheater.B．TheMedievalTheater.C．TheElizabethanTheater.D．TheRestorationTheater.解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)其次句可知，在伊麗莎白一世時(shí)代的劇院里，演員們必需運(yùn)用聲音和對(duì)白才能夠創(chuàng)建場(chǎng)景，故選C。3．WhatisspecialabouttheRestorationTheater?A．Colorfulmaskswereused.B．Thestagewassmartlydesigned.C．Mostofitsplaysweresorrowful.D．Ordinarypeopleweretheperformers.解析：選B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句“Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters(百葉窗)werepaintedwiththescene”可知，王朝復(fù)辟時(shí)期的劇院的特殊之處在于其奇妙的舞臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì)，故選B。B(2024·昆明質(zhì)檢)MedhaGuptasometimesfeltworriedaboutmakingthe20-minutewalkfromthecornerwheretheschoolbusdroppedherofftoherhomeinHerndon,Va.—especiallyduringthecoldermonthsinwinter.Hermother,DivyaGuptahadasuggestion:Writeanapp.Shewashalf-kidding,butMedhatookthechallengeseriously.Soshewenttowork.TheresultwasSafeTravel,anappdesignedbyMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmoresecurewhentheyaretravelingalone.UsingtheiPhone,apersoncanprogramittosendawarningtosomeoneheorshetrustsifheorshefailstoarriveatadestinationwithinacertaintime.ItwasthefirstiOSappthatMedhahadcreated.Whileshedidn'tthinkmuchwouldcomefromtheproject,hereffortcaughttheeyeofjudgesfortheannualCongressionalAppChallenge,whoselectedherasthewinnerforVirginia's10thDistrict.TheAppChallengeisdesignedtoencouragestudentstoconsidercareersinscience,technology,engineering,andmathbyexperimentingwithcodingandcomputerscience.WinningstudentsareinvitedtoattendareceptiononCapitolHillinAprilandalsoreceived＄250inAmazonWebServicescredits.Medhasaidittookherabout40hourstodesign,programandtesttheapp.Asforhernextapp?Medha'snotcertain.Shetemporarilyhasherapp-developmentambitionson_holdbecauseshe'sbusyteachingherselfartificialintelligencetohelpdealwithimproperwordsonFacebook.Yes,sheknowsthatthereareteamsofengineersprobablydoingthesamething.Butshefiguresitcan'thurtherownpart,too.“Ifweseesomethingwrongwiththeworld,weshoulddosomethingaboutit，”shesaid.“Afterall,theonlyonestoppingusfromdoingsomethingisourselves.”語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，講解并描述了MedhaGupta設(shè)計(jì)一款手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序的故事。4．WhydidMedhaGuptafeelworried?A．Ittookalongtimetowalkhome.B．Itwascolderthaneverinwinter.C．Itwasunsafetowalkhomealone.D．Itwasdifficulttowriteanapp.解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)首段的描述，以及第三段首句可知，Medha有時(shí)擔(dān)憂自己放學(xué)回家時(shí)的平安，因此她設(shè)計(jì)了應(yīng)用程序SafeTravel，它可以使出行者獨(dú)自出行時(shí)感覺(jué)更平安，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“onhold”inParagraph6mean?A．Delayed. B．Developed.C．Suspected. D．Satisfied.解析：選A詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后的“becauseshe'sbusyteachingherselfartificialintelligencetohelpdealwithimproperwordsonFacebook”(因?yàn)樗诿χ詫W(xué)人工智能技術(shù)，以幫助處理Facebook上的不當(dāng)言論)，同時(shí)結(jié)合畫(huà)線詞前一句“Medha'snotcertain”可推斷出她短暫把應(yīng)用程序開(kāi)發(fā)的目標(biāo)推遲了。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。6．WhatisMedha'sattitudetothechallenge?A．Curious. B．Sensitive.C．Uncertain. D．Optimistic.解析：選D推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Shewashalf-kidding,butMedhatookthechallengeseriously.Soshewenttowork”可知，Medha仔細(xì)地對(duì)待這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)，并起先設(shè)計(jì)。這表明白她面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的樂(lè)觀看法。7．What'sthemainideaofthetext?A．MedharegisteredfortheAppChallenge.B．MedhadesignedSafeTravelsuccessfully.C．TheAppChallengedirectsstudentshowtochoosecareers.D．Anappguideswalkershome.解析：選B主旨大意題。文章是圍繞Medha設(shè)計(jì)手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序SafeTravel綻開(kāi)的，講解并描述了她設(shè)計(jì)這一應(yīng)用程序的起因、過(guò)程和由此獲得的成就，最終一段引用Medha自己的話強(qiáng)調(diào)她面對(duì)探討的看法，所以選項(xiàng)B是最佳選項(xiàng)。C(2024·成都診斷)Beethovenfamouslycomposedseveralmasterpieceswhilehewasdeaf,butsurelyevenhewouldbeimpressedwiththispieceofresearch.AgroupledbyBCIexpertGernotMüller-PutzshowsthatexperiencesofquiteadifferenttonecanbesoundedfromBCI.BasedonanestablishedBCImethodwhichmainlyenablesdisabledpeopletowrite,theteamhasdevelopedanewapplicationbywhichmusiccanbecomposedandtransferred(轉(zhuǎn)錄)ontoamusicalscore(樂(lè)譜),justthroughthepowerofthought.Allyouneedisaspecialcapwhichmeasuresbrainwaves,theadaptedBCI,akindofsoftwareforcomposingmusic,andofcourseabitofmusicalknowledge.ThebasicprincipleoftheBCImethodusedcanbebrieflydescribed:variousoptions,suchaslettersornotes,pauses,chords,etc.flashbyoneaftertheotherinatable.Ifyou'vereceivedsometrainingandcanfocusonthedesiredoptionwhileitlightsuponascreeninfrontofyou,youcauseaminutechangeinyourbrainwaves.TheBCIrecognisesthischangeanddrawsconclusionsaboutthechosenoption.18testpeoplehadto“think”melodiesontoamusicalscore.Alltestsubjectswereofsoundbodilyhealthduringthestudyandhadacertaindegreeofbasicmusicalandcompositionalknowledge.Followinguser-centereddesignguidelines,researchersinvestigated(調(diào)查)theefficiency,theeffectivenessandthesubjectivecriteria.Thesubjectivecriteriaevaluationrevealedthatuserswerehighlysatisfiedwiththeapplication.“TheresultsoftheBCIcompositionscanreallybeheard.Andwhatismoreimportant:thetestpeopleenjoyedit.TheverypositiveresultsofthestudywithbodilyhealthytestpeoplearethefirststepinapossibleexpansionoftheBCIcompositiontopatients，”stressesMüller-Putz.“20yearsago,theideaofcomposingapieceofmusicusingthepowerofthemindwasunimaginable.Nowwecandoit,butwestillneedabitmoretimebeforeBCIismatureenoughfordailyapplications.”語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文主要介紹了運(yùn)用BCI譜曲的探討。8．Whatdoweknowaboutthenewapplication?A．Itconsistsoffourparts.B．It'simpracticalfordailyuse.C．It'sbasedonanewmethod.D．It'shardforuserstohandle.解析：選B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句可推知，此項(xiàng)應(yīng)用技術(shù)還不足以應(yīng)用于日常生活中，故選B。9．Whatshouldthetestsubjectsdoduringthetest?A．Watchascreenattentively.B．Listentothecomposedmelodies.C．Makeoptionsbymovingtheireyes.D．Recordtheirfeelingswhilecomposing.解析：選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段其次句“Ifyou'vereceivedsometrainingandcanfocusonthedesiredoptionwhileitlightsuponascreeninfrontofyou,youcauseaminutechangeinyourbrainwaves”可推知，參加測(cè)試的人在測(cè)試中應(yīng)集中留意力看屏幕，故選A。10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4referto?A．Thetest. B．Themusicalscore.C．Thestudy. D．TheBCIapplication.解析：選D代詞指代題。依據(jù)第四段的整體內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講的是這種新的應(yīng)用的測(cè)試及反饋，由此可推知，畫(huà)線詞it指代的是這種新的應(yīng)用，故選D。11．Whowillbenefitmostfromthenewapplication?A．BCIexperts. B．Disabledmusicians.C．Musicstudios. D．Learnersofmusic.解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段，并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可推知，本文所介紹的這種新的應(yīng)用會(huì)使那些像貝多芬一樣殘疾的音樂(lè)人受益，故選B。D(2024·合肥質(zhì)檢)It'snoteverydaythatUnitedStateshistorymixeswithmicrobes(微生物)inthesoil.ButwhenthegrasslandontheNationalMallinWashington,D．C.wasreplaced,itofferedscientiststheopportunitytostudychangesinthesoilbeneath.Theworkfocusedonthebacteriapresentinthesoil.Totheresearchers'surprise,thecommunitiesofmicrobesdidnotchangealotbeforeandafterthereplacement.Thesecommunitiesinthesoilareknownasthesoilmicrobiomes(微生物群)．“Mylabisinterestedinhowmicrobescanmovearoundintheenvironment,andhowtheychangeandadaptasaresultofthismovement，”explainsJoAnneCrouch,theleadauthorofthestudy.“Wethoughtthatthenew‘imported’turf(草皮)fromNewJerseywouldintroducedifferentcommunitiesofbacteriatotheNationalMall.However,wefoundthattheyweren'tsignificantlydifferent.”Crouch'sworkfocusedonturfgrass,definedasalargeareaofgreengrass.Itismadeupofthegrass,itsroots,andthesoilandmicrobesfoundwiththem.Thinkofthesoilmicrobiomesassimilartothecollectionofmicrobesfoundinthehumanbody.Whenthemicrobesareoutofbalance,itcanmakesomeonesick.Crouchsaysit'sthesameforthesoilmicrobiomes.Manyoftheworstdiseasesincropsorotherenvironmentsarelinkedwithchangesinthesoilmicrobiomes.Additionally,Crouchsaysthateventhoughthechangesbetweenthesoilsweresmall,scientistsarealsostartingtoappreciatethatsometimesareallyimportantmicrobeisarareone.Thismeansitwouldbehardtoobservebutcouldgreatlyaffecthowthegroupsfunctionasawhole.“Agriculturalareasandothernaturalspacesareeasilyhurtbynegativechanges，”shesays.“Microbiomesofferanalmostentirelynewopportunitytoinfluenceinteractionsamongplantsandmicrobestoimproveplantproductivityandhealth.”語(yǔ)篇解讀：美國(guó)國(guó)家廣場(chǎng)上的草地被替換后，科學(xué)家對(duì)其泥土中的微生物進(jìn)行了探討。12．Whydidtheresearchersfeelsurprisedwhentheyfocusedonthebacteriainthesoil?A．Morebacteriaappearedinthesoil.B．Microbeswerereplacedobviously.C．Thesoilmicrobiomesalmostremainedstable.D．Thesoilmicrobiomesdamagedtheenvironment.解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句可知，令科學(xué)家們驚訝的是，在草地被替換前后，其泥土中的微生物群基本上沒(méi)有什么大改變，即是穩(wěn)定的，故選C。13．Bystudyingtheturfgrass,whatdidCrouchandherteamfind?A．Microbesgrewfasterintheirowncommunity.B．Soilmicrobiomesweredifferentindifferentplaces.C．Turfgrassadaptedtotheenvironmentnearbyverysoon.D．Similarcommunitiesofbacteriawerebroughtbyturfgrass.解析：選D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Wethoughtthatthenew‘imported’turf...However,wefoundthattheyweren'tsignificantlydifferent”可知，科學(xué)家通過(guò)對(duì)草皮的探討發(fā)覺(jué)，草皮中的細(xì)菌群并沒(méi)有很大的不同，故選D。14．Whydidtheauthormentionthemicrobesinthehumanbody?A．Toindicatethetwoplayasimilarrole.B．Toprovetheyareboththecausesofdiseases.C．Toexaminetheenvironmentspeoplelivein.D．Toanalyzethechangesofhumanmicrobes.解析：選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段第一句“Thinkofthesoilmicrobiomesassimilartothecollectionofmicrobesfoundinthehumanbody”和對(duì)本段的整體理解可推知，作者提到人體中的微生物群主要是為了進(jìn)行類比，即微生物群在泥土和人體中所起到的類似作用，故選A。15．WhatdoesCrouchmeaninthelastparagraph?A．Microbesarestillashardtoobserveasbefore.B．Studiesonmicrobiomescanbebeneficialtoagriculture.C．Scientistsarestillpuzzledabouttheeffectofmicrobiomes.D．Toomanymicrobiomesinthesoilmeannoharmtoplants.解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Agriculturalareasandothernaturalspaces...improveplantproductivityandhealth.”，并結(jié)合本段的整體內(nèi)容可推知，Crouch在本段中所說(shuō)的話意味著他們對(duì)微生物群的探討對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)有肯定的主動(dòng)意義，故選B。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2024·武漢調(diào)研)Thesedayswhensomeonesaysacomputerhasabug(小蟲(chóng)子)init,usuallytheymeanthatthere'saproblemwithoneofitsprograms.Maybeyourcomputercrashedwhenyouwereinthemiddleofagame.__16__Butbackintheearlydaysofcomputers,awomannamedGraceHopperwaspartoftheteamthatdiscoveredtheveryfirstcomputerbug.__17__Shehadbeeninvitedtohelpprogramanewcomputer,thejobofwhichwastoquicklydealwiththemathproblemsshipsusedtofindtheirway.__18__Thenittranslatedthepatternsofholesintothemathproblemsitwassupposedtosolve.Oneafternoonin1947Hopperandherteamwererunningaprogram.Butthecomputerwasn'tgivingthemtherightresults.__19__Theyfinallyendeduptakingthecomputerapart,lookingforproblems.Whatdidtheyfind?Itwasadeadmoth(飛蛾)!Themothwasblockingsomeoftheholesinthepaper—nowonderthecomputerdidn'tknowwhattodo.Hopperknewthattheterm“bug”hadbeenusedbeforewhentherewereproblemswithmachines.Butthiswasthefirsttimeacomputerhadeverhadabug.__20__SomepeoplethinkHopperwasthefirstpersontousetheword“debug”tomean“getridoftheproblemsinacomputer”．A．Whatcouldbewrong?B．Hopperwasamathematician.C．Whohadoperatedthecomputer?D．Hopperwasahardworkingscientist.E．Shethoughtitwasfunnythatitwasarealone.F．Oryougotanerrormessagewhenyoutriedtogotoawebsite.G．Thecomputerworkedbyreadinginstructionsfromalongpieceofpaperwithholesinit.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文，講解并描述了電腦中bug的來(lái)歷。16.解析：選F空前一句表示“當(dāng)你在玩嬉戲的時(shí)候，或許你的電腦崩潰了”，依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，空處應(yīng)表示電腦出問(wèn)題的時(shí)候。故F項(xiàng)“或者當(dāng)你努力進(jìn)入一個(gè)網(wǎng)站時(shí)，你收到了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤信息”符合語(yǔ)境。17．解析：選B依據(jù)下一句可知，Hopper的工作是處理數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題，由此可以推想，她是數(shù)學(xué)家。故答案選B。18．解析：選G依據(jù)空后一句可知，G項(xiàng)中的“withholesinit”與此相照應(yīng)，且G項(xiàng)與空后一句邏輯嚴(yán)密，故答案選G。19．解析：選A空前一句講解并描述了電腦不能給出正確的結(jié)果，也就是電腦出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，空處應(yīng)在發(fā)問(wèn)“可能是什么出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題呢？”，所以答案選A。20．解析：選E上文講到，在他們運(yùn)用的電腦里發(fā)覺(jué)了一只飛蛾，這是在電腦里發(fā)覺(jué)的第一只“bug”，且是一只真正的小蟲(chóng)子，故選E。課時(shí)練(二)語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用組塊專練——練準(zhǔn)度(限時(shí)：30分鐘)Ⅰ.完形填空(2024·陜西質(zhì)檢二)SteveandYaserfirstmetintheirchemistryclass.YaserwasaninternationalstudentfromJordan.Hewas__1__togettoknowanAmerican.YaserhopedthatheandStevewould__2__goodfriends.Atfirst,Steveseemedveryfriendly.HealwaysgreetedYaser__3__beforeclass.SometimesheofferedtostudywithYaser.Heeven__4__Yasertohavelunchwithhim.Butafterthefirsttermwasover,Steveseemed__5__.OnedayYaserdecidedtocallSteve.Stevedidn'tseemvery__6__intalkingtohim.YaserwashurtbySteve'schangeofattitude.Yaserisalittle__7__.HeisanoutsidertoAmericanculture.Hedoesn'tunderstandthewayAmericansview__8__.Americansviewtheword“friend”inavery__9__way.Americanshaveschoolfriends,workfriends,sportsfriendsandneighborhoodfriends.Thesefriendshipsare__10__oncommoninterests.Whenthesharedactivityends,thefriendshipmay__11__.NowSteveandYaserarenolongerclassmates,theirfriendshiphas__12__.Insomeculturesfriendshipmeansa(n)__13__lifelongbondbetweentwopeople.Inthese__14__friendshipsdevelopslowly,sincetheyarebuilttolast.ButAmerican__15__isnotalwaysanofferoftruefriendship.American__16__isoneofthosethatchangerapidly.StudiesshowthatoneoutoffiveAmerican__17__moveseveryyear.PeoplefromtheUnitedStatesmayatfirstseemfriendly.Americansoftenchateasilywith__18__.Theyexchangeinformationabouttheirfamilies,__19__andwork.Theymaysmilewarmlyandsay,“Haveaniceday.”However,Americanfriendships__20__quickly,andtheymaychangejustasquickly.So,it'snecessarytodoinRomeastheRomansdo.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，通過(guò)敘述Steve和Yaser之間的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，講解并描述了美國(guó)人對(duì)待友情的觀點(diǎn)，所以我們應(yīng)當(dāng)入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。1．A.puzzled B．shockedC．excited D．worried解析：選C依據(jù)上文“SteveandYaserfirstmetintheirchemistryclass.YaserwasaninternationalstudentfromJordan”的提示可知，他很興奮(excited)能相識(shí)一個(gè)美國(guó)人。2．A.continue B．becomeC．a(chǎn)dvocate D．submit解析：選B依據(jù)上文“Hewas________togettoknowanAmerican”的描述可知，Yaser希望他和Steve能成為(become)好摯友。3．A.anxiously B．nervouslyC．strongly D．warmly解析：選D依據(jù)上文“Atfirst,Steveseemedveryfriendly”的描述可知，課前他總是熱忱地(warmly)問(wèn)候Yaser。4．A.invited B．a(chǎn)pprovedC．forbade D．rejected解析：選A依據(jù)上文“SometimesheofferedtostudywithYaser”的提示可知，此處與上文語(yǔ)義上形成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，所以此處為他甚至邀請(qǐng)(invited)Yaser和他一起吃午飯。5．A.optimistic B．familiarC．distant D．a(chǎn)ccessible解析：選C依據(jù)下文“OnedayYaserdecidedtocallSteve.Stevedidn'tseemvery________intalkingtohim”的提示可知，兩人之間的關(guān)系發(fā)生了改變，所以此處為但第一學(xué)期結(jié)束后，Steve顯得很冷淡(distant)。6．A.encouraged B．interestedC．embarrassed D．inspired解析：選B依據(jù)上文“Butafterthefirsttermwasover,Steveseemed________”的提示可知，他確定打電話給Steve，但Steve看起來(lái)對(duì)與他講話不感愛(ài)好(interested)。7．A.satisfied B．fascinatedC．delighted D．confused解析：選D依據(jù)下文“HeisanoutsidertoAmericanculture.Hedoesn'tunderstandthewayAmericansview________”的描述可知，此處為對(duì)此他有點(diǎn)困惑(confused)。8．A.friendship B．ownershipC．scholarship D．citizenship解析：選A依據(jù)下文“Americansviewtheword‘friend’inavery________way”的提示可知，此處為他不理解美國(guó)人看待友情(friendship)的方式。9．A.regular B．usualC．general D．similar解析：選C依據(jù)下文“Americanshaveschoolfriends,workfriends,sportsfriendsandneighborhoodfriends”的描述可知，美國(guó)人對(duì)待不同的人有著不同的友情觀，所以此處為美國(guó)人以特別普遍的(general)方式看待“摯友”這個(gè)詞。10．A.taken B．basedC．grown D．made解析：選B依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這些友情是依據(jù)(based)他們共同的愛(ài)好(而建立起來(lái)的)。bebasedon...意為“以……為依據(jù)”。11．A.fail B．fallC．delay D．fade解析：選D依據(jù)上文“Thesefriendshipsare________oncommoninterests.Whenthesharedactivityends”的提示可知，此處為他們的友情可能會(huì)漸漸消逝(fade)。12．A.changed B．managedC．a(chǎn)rranged D．ranged解析：選A依據(jù)上文“Whenthesharedactivityends,thefriendshipmay________”的描述可知，此處為現(xiàn)在他們不再是同學(xué)了，他們的友情也變了(changed)。13．A.recent B．instantC．strong D．final解析：選C依據(jù)下文“American________isoneofthosethatchangerapidly”的提示可知，美國(guó)人對(duì)待友情的觀點(diǎn)不同于其他文化，所以此處為在一些文化中，友情意味著兩個(gè)人之間堅(jiān)固的(strong)終生的紐帶。14．A.creatures B．culturesC．lectures D．pictures解析：選B依據(jù)上文中的“Insomeculturesfriendshipmeansa(n)...twopeople”可知，此處為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，所以此處為在這些文化(cultures)中，友情發(fā)展得很緩慢。15．A.goodness B．happinessC．brightness D．friendliness解析：選D依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，但是美國(guó)人的友好(friendliness)并不總是真正的友情。16．A.society B．a(chǎn)ctivityC．a(chǎn)uthority D．quantity解析：選A依據(jù)下文“StudiesshowthatoneoutoffiveAmerican________moveseveryyear”的提示可知，這是一個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題，所以此處為美國(guó)社會(huì)(society)是一個(gè)快速改變的社會(huì)。17．A.apartments B．housesC．families D．departments解析：選C依據(jù)上文“American________isoneofthosethatchangerapidly”的提示可知，此處為探討表明，每年有五分之一的美國(guó)家庭(families)搬家。18．A.participants B．strangersC．colleagues D．members解析：選B依據(jù)上文“PeoplefromtheUnitedStatesmayatfirstseemfriendly”的提示可知，此處為美國(guó)人經(jīng)常很簡(jiǎn)單與生疏人(strangers)閑聊。19．A.offence B．forestsC．prejudice D．hobbies解析：選D依據(jù)上文中的“Americansoftenchateasilywith________”可知，此處為美國(guó)人會(huì)與這些生疏人溝通他們的家庭、愛(ài)好(hobbies)及工作信息。20．A.develop B．flowC．disappear D．revolve解析：選A依據(jù)上文“Americansoftenchat...andwork”以及下文“andtheymaychangejustasquickly”的提示可知，美國(guó)人的友情發(fā)展得很快，改變得也很快。Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空(2024·廣西三市聯(lián)考)WhenwementionthemostfamousChinesepaintingoftheNorthernSong,theimagecomingintopeople'smind__1__(be)theQingmingShangheTuorAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival.Thispaintingisimportant__2__severalreasons.First,uptillthattime,almostallChinesepaintingswerelandscapes,__3__(contain)nooronlyafewimagesofpeople.Second,thisisthemostrenownedscroll(卷軸)painting__4__(describe)bothChineseurbanandsuburbanlifeduringtheperiodinthecapital,Bianjing(nowKaifenginHenanProvince).Third,thepaintingis__5__(high)detailedandfeaturesshopsofallkindsanddifferenteconomic__6__(activity)inandoutofthecity.PeopleareabletoseetheChinesetechnologiesofthetime,whichhelpsthem__7__greatdealinunderstanding__8__theChineselived.TheBeijingPalaceMuseumkeepsthe__9__(origin)Songpaintingandoneofitsfamouscopies—theQingversion__10__(hold)intheNationalPalaceMuseuminTaipei.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了北宋聞名畫(huà)作《清明上河圖》，包括其歷史地位、重要性以及當(dāng)前的保存狀況等1．is/willbe考查主謂一樣和時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)我們提及北宋最聞名的畫(huà)作時(shí)，映入人們腦海的是《清明上河圖》。依據(jù)句意可知，該句敘述的是一般常識(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，也可以用一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示傾向、習(xí)慣、必定發(fā)生的事。該句主語(yǔ)為“theimage”，為單數(shù)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用is或willbe。2．for考查介詞。表示此畫(huà)重要的緣由用for意為“由于，因?yàn)椤薄?．containing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。首先，到那時(shí)為止，幾乎全部的中國(guó)畫(huà)都是風(fēng)景畫(huà)，沒(méi)有或只有少數(shù)人物形象。動(dòng)詞“contain”和邏輯主語(yǔ)“l(fā)andscapes”之間是主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)說(shuō)明landscapes的特征。4．todescribe/describing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。“painting”和動(dòng)詞“describe”之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞或動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞painting。5．highly考查副詞?？仗幮揎椥稳菰~“detailed”，表示程度，故用highly。6．a(chǎn)ctivities考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。activity“(為愛(ài)好、消遣或達(dá)到肯定目的而進(jìn)行的)活動(dòng)”為可數(shù)名詞，常用復(fù)數(shù)，依據(jù)空前的“different”可知，空處用該名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。7．a(chǎn)考查不定冠詞。agreatdeal為固定搭配，意為“特別，很，極其”。8．how考查賓語(yǔ)從句。人們能夠看到當(dāng)時(shí)的中國(guó)技術(shù)，這對(duì)人們了解當(dāng)時(shí)的中國(guó)人是如何生活的很有幫助。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作understanding的賓語(yǔ)；結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，空處表示“如何”，故用how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。9．original考查形容詞。空處修飾名詞短語(yǔ)“Songpainting”，故用形容詞形式“original”，表示“原作的”。10．isheld考查主謂一樣、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)。該句主語(yǔ)為“oneofitsfamouscopies—theQingversion”，為單數(shù)；主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“hold”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；該句陳述的是一種客觀狀況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填isheld。課時(shí)練(三)寫(xiě)作強(qiáng)化增分練＋單元基礎(chǔ)回扣練一、寫(xiě)作強(qiáng)化增分練——練規(guī)范(限時(shí)：35分鐘)Ⅰ.短文改錯(cuò)(2024·成都診斷)Ihavealwaysbeendoingvolunteerwork,soIhadneverreallythoughtaboutdoingworkabroaduntilIfoundsomeinformationsonthisspecifictrip.Therewasapictureattachingtoane-mail,whichwassentregardingatrip.Itshowedtwolittlegirlsthattheyneededvolunteers.Theimagemakesmefallinlovewiththeideaofgoingsomewherecompletedifferentfrommyhome.WhatattractedmeaboutthetripwasitwastoaplaceI'dnevervisitbymyself.Iwantedtogonowherethatwouldmakemestepoutintomycomfortzone.答案：第一句：so→but/yet;informations→information其次句：attaching→attached;其次個(gè)a→the第三句：去掉they第四句：makes→made;complete→completely第五句：it前加that第六句：nowhere→somewhere/anywhere;into→ofⅡ.書(shū)面表達(dá)(2024·昆明質(zhì)檢)假定你是