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PAGEPAGE15Unit18Beauty課時(shí)練(一)閱讀理解組塊專練——練速度(限時(shí):35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·合肥質(zhì)檢)TheatersofthePastTheGreekTheaterTheatersdevelopedinmanypartsofGreece.AncientGreektheaterswerebuiltinnaturalopen-airsitesonconvenientlyshapedhills.Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime.Duetothis,actorsplacedemphasisonexaggerated(夸張的)actionandspeech.Andcolorfulsymbolicmasksandcostumeswereused.TheMedievalTheaterTheMedievaltheaterstartedinchurches.That'swhymedievalplayswereaboutBiblestories.Atfirst,itbecameacustomforpriests(牧師)toactoutbriefscenesduringChristmasandEaster.Theseactsattractedlargecrowds.Finallythechurchrefusedtoallowprieststoparticipateinanysucheventsagain,soordinarypeoplebegantheseperformancesoutside.Performancesweresetinthetownsquare,withseveralstagesettingsaroundit.TheElizabethanTheaterTheEngland'stheaterdevelopedrapidlyintheyearsfollowingthedefeatoftheSpanishArmada.ThedominantfeatureofElizabethantheaterwasthestage.Ithasthreeparts:Theforestageforoutsidescenes;theinnerstageforscenesinsideabuilding;anupperstageorbalconyforvariouspurposes.Thereasonforthisdesignisthattherewerenoscenechanges,orbreaksduringtheplay.Verylittlescenerywasused,sotheactorshadtocreateascenethroughtheirvoicesanddialogues.Thisledtoamorepoeticscript,andpoetsbecamethemainsourceofscriptwriting.TheRestorationTheaterSomeoftheplaystoldsadstories,butthemajorityoftheplayswerereallyfunny.Manyspecializedmachineswereusedtocreatethescene.Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters(百葉窗)werepaintedwiththescene.語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文主要介紹了幾家過(guò)去的劇院。1.WhywereancientGreektheatersbuiltonhills?A.Toholdalargeaudience.B.Tobuildabigandstrongstage.C.Tohaveabettersoundeffect.D.Toemphasizeexaggeratedperformances.解析:選A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第三句“Thisallowedagreatmassofpeopletoenjoyashowatatime”可知,希臘劇院依山而建是為了可以容納大量的觀眾,故選A。2.Inwhichtheatercouldactors'voicesandspeecheshelpcreatescenes?A.TheGreekTheater.B.TheMedievalTheater.C.TheElizabethanTheater.D.TheRestorationTheater.解析:選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)其次句可知,在伊麗莎白一世時(shí)代的劇院里,演員們必需運(yùn)用聲音和對(duì)白才能夠創(chuàng)建場(chǎng)景,故選C。3.WhatisspecialabouttheRestorationTheater?A.Colorfulmaskswereused.B.Thestagewassmartlydesigned.C.Mostofitsplaysweresorrowful.D.Ordinarypeopleweretheperformers.解析:選B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句“Thestagewasaverycleveridea,inthatonthesidesofthestagelargebackshutters(百葉窗)werepaintedwiththescene”可知,王朝復(fù)辟時(shí)期的劇院的特殊之處在于其奇妙的舞臺(tái)設(shè)計(jì),故選B。B(2024·昆明質(zhì)檢)MedhaGuptasometimesfeltworriedaboutmakingthe20-minutewalkfromthecornerwheretheschoolbusdroppedherofftoherhomeinHerndon,Va.—especiallyduringthecoldermonthsinwinter.Hermother,DivyaGuptahadasuggestion:Writeanapp.Shewashalf-kidding,butMedhatookthechallengeseriously.Soshewenttowork.TheresultwasSafeTravel,anappdesignedbyMedhatohelpwalkersfeelmoresecurewhentheyaretravelingalone.UsingtheiPhone,apersoncanprogramittosendawarningtosomeoneheorshetrustsifheorshefailstoarriveatadestinationwithinacertaintime.ItwasthefirstiOSappthatMedhahadcreated.Whileshedidn'tthinkmuchwouldcomefromtheproject,hereffortcaughttheeyeofjudgesfortheannualCongressionalAppChallenge,whoselectedherasthewinnerforVirginia's10thDistrict.TheAppChallengeisdesignedtoencouragestudentstoconsidercareersinscience,technology,engineering,andmathbyexperimentingwithcodingandcomputerscience.WinningstudentsareinvitedtoattendareceptiononCapitolHillinAprilandalsoreceived$250inAmazonWebServicescredits.Medhasaidittookherabout40hourstodesign,programandtesttheapp.Asforhernextapp?Medha'snotcertain.Shetemporarilyhasherapp-developmentambitionson_holdbecauseshe'sbusyteachingherselfartificialintelligencetohelpdealwithimproperwordsonFacebook.Yes,sheknowsthatthereareteamsofengineersprobablydoingthesamething.Butshefiguresitcan'thurtherownpart,too.“Ifweseesomethingwrongwiththeworld,weshoulddosomethingaboutit,”shesaid.“Afterall,theonlyonestoppingusfromdoingsomethingisourselves.”語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文,講解并描述了MedhaGupta設(shè)計(jì)一款手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序的故事。4.WhydidMedhaGuptafeelworried?A.Ittookalongtimetowalkhome.B.Itwascolderthaneverinwinter.C.Itwasunsafetowalkhomealone.D.Itwasdifficulttowriteanapp.解析:選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)首段的描述,以及第三段首句可知,Medha有時(shí)擔(dān)憂自己放學(xué)回家時(shí)的平安,因此她設(shè)計(jì)了應(yīng)用程序SafeTravel,它可以使出行者獨(dú)自出行時(shí)感覺(jué)更平安,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“onhold”inParagraph6mean?A.Delayed. B.Developed.C.Suspected. D.Satisfied.解析:選A詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后的“becauseshe'sbusyteachingherselfartificialintelligencetohelpdealwithimproperwordsonFacebook”(因?yàn)樗诿χ詫W(xué)人工智能技術(shù),以幫助處理Facebook上的不當(dāng)言論),同時(shí)結(jié)合畫(huà)線詞前一句“Medha'snotcertain”可推斷出她短暫把應(yīng)用程序開(kāi)發(fā)的目標(biāo)推遲了。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。6.WhatisMedha'sattitudetothechallenge?A.Curious. B.Sensitive.C.Uncertain. D.Optimistic.解析:選D推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Shewashalf-kidding,butMedhatookthechallengeseriously.Soshewenttowork”可知,Medha仔細(xì)地對(duì)待這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn),并起先設(shè)計(jì)。這表明白她面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的樂(lè)觀看法。7.What'sthemainideaofthetext?A.MedharegisteredfortheAppChallenge.B.MedhadesignedSafeTravelsuccessfully.C.TheAppChallengedirectsstudentshowtochoosecareers.D.Anappguideswalkershome.解析:選B主旨大意題。文章是圍繞Medha設(shè)計(jì)手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序SafeTravel綻開(kāi)的,講解并描述了她設(shè)計(jì)這一應(yīng)用程序的起因、過(guò)程和由此獲得的成就,最終一段引用Medha自己的話強(qiáng)調(diào)她面對(duì)探討的看法,所以選項(xiàng)B是最佳選項(xiàng)。C(2024·成都診斷)Beethovenfamouslycomposedseveralmasterpieceswhilehewasdeaf,butsurelyevenhewouldbeimpressedwiththispieceofresearch.AgroupledbyBCIexpertGernotMüller-PutzshowsthatexperiencesofquiteadifferenttonecanbesoundedfromBCI.BasedonanestablishedBCImethodwhichmainlyenablesdisabledpeopletowrite,theteamhasdevelopedanewapplicationbywhichmusiccanbecomposedandtransferred(轉(zhuǎn)錄)ontoamusicalscore(樂(lè)譜),justthroughthepowerofthought.Allyouneedisaspecialcapwhichmeasuresbrainwaves,theadaptedBCI,akindofsoftwareforcomposingmusic,andofcourseabitofmusicalknowledge.ThebasicprincipleoftheBCImethodusedcanbebrieflydescribed:variousoptions,suchaslettersornotes,pauses,chords,etc.flashbyoneaftertheotherinatable.Ifyou'vereceivedsometrainingandcanfocusonthedesiredoptionwhileitlightsuponascreeninfrontofyou,youcauseaminutechangeinyourbrainwaves.TheBCIrecognisesthischangeanddrawsconclusionsaboutthechosenoption.18testpeoplehadto“think”melodiesontoamusicalscore.Alltestsubjectswereofsoundbodilyhealthduringthestudyandhadacertaindegreeofbasicmusicalandcompositionalknowledge.Followinguser-centereddesignguidelines,researchersinvestigated(調(diào)查)theefficiency,theeffectivenessandthesubjectivecriteria.Thesubjectivecriteriaevaluationrevealedthatuserswerehighlysatisfiedwiththeapplication.“TheresultsoftheBCIcompositionscanreallybeheard.Andwhatismoreimportant:thetestpeopleenjoyedit.TheverypositiveresultsofthestudywithbodilyhealthytestpeoplearethefirststepinapossibleexpansionoftheBCIcompositiontopatients,”stressesMüller-Putz.“20yearsago,theideaofcomposingapieceofmusicusingthepowerofthemindwasunimaginable.Nowwecandoit,butwestillneedabitmoretimebeforeBCIismatureenoughfordailyapplications.”語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文主要介紹了運(yùn)用BCI譜曲的探討。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewapplication?A.Itconsistsoffourparts.B.It'simpracticalfordailyuse.C.It'sbasedonanewmethod.D.It'shardforuserstohandle.解析:選B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句可推知,此項(xiàng)應(yīng)用技術(shù)還不足以應(yīng)用于日常生活中,故選B。9.Whatshouldthetestsubjectsdoduringthetest?A.Watchascreenattentively.B.Listentothecomposedmelodies.C.Makeoptionsbymovingtheireyes.D.Recordtheirfeelingswhilecomposing.解析:選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段其次句“Ifyou'vereceivedsometrainingandcanfocusonthedesiredoptionwhileitlightsuponascreeninfrontofyou,youcauseaminutechangeinyourbrainwaves”可推知,參加測(cè)試的人在測(cè)試中應(yīng)集中留意力看屏幕,故選A。10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4referto?A.Thetest. B.Themusicalscore.C.Thestudy. D.TheBCIapplication.解析:選D代詞指代題。依據(jù)第四段的整體內(nèi)容可知,本段主要講的是這種新的應(yīng)用的測(cè)試及反饋,由此可推知,畫(huà)線詞it指代的是這種新的應(yīng)用,故選D。11.Whowillbenefitmostfromthenewapplication?A.BCIexperts. B.Disabledmusicians.C.Musicstudios. D.Learnersofmusic.解析:選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段,并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可推知,本文所介紹的這種新的應(yīng)用會(huì)使那些像貝多芬一樣殘疾的音樂(lè)人受益,故選B。D(2024·合肥質(zhì)檢)It'snoteverydaythatUnitedStateshistorymixeswithmicrobes(微生物)inthesoil.ButwhenthegrasslandontheNationalMallinWashington,D.C.wasreplaced,itofferedscientiststheopportunitytostudychangesinthesoilbeneath.Theworkfocusedonthebacteriapresentinthesoil.Totheresearchers'surprise,thecommunitiesofmicrobesdidnotchangealotbeforeandafterthereplacement.Thesecommunitiesinthesoilareknownasthesoilmicrobiomes(微生物群).“Mylabisinterestedinhowmicrobescanmovearoundintheenvironment,andhowtheychangeandadaptasaresultofthismovement,”explainsJoAnneCrouch,theleadauthorofthestudy.“Wethoughtthatthenew‘imported’turf(草皮)fromNewJerseywouldintroducedifferentcommunitiesofbacteriatotheNationalMall.However,wefoundthattheyweren'tsignificantlydifferent.”Crouch'sworkfocusedonturfgrass,definedasalargeareaofgreengrass.Itismadeupofthegrass,itsroots,andthesoilandmicrobesfoundwiththem.Thinkofthesoilmicrobiomesassimilartothecollectionofmicrobesfoundinthehumanbody.Whenthemicrobesareoutofbalance,itcanmakesomeonesick.Crouchsaysit'sthesameforthesoilmicrobiomes.Manyoftheworstdiseasesincropsorotherenvironmentsarelinkedwithchangesinthesoilmicrobiomes.Additionally,Crouchsaysthateventhoughthechangesbetweenthesoilsweresmall,scientistsarealsostartingtoappreciatethatsometimesareallyimportantmicrobeisarareone.Thismeansitwouldbehardtoobservebutcouldgreatlyaffecthowthegroupsfunctionasawhole.“Agriculturalareasandothernaturalspacesareeasilyhurtbynegativechanges,”shesays.“Microbiomesofferanalmostentirelynewopportunitytoinfluenceinteractionsamongplantsandmicrobestoimproveplantproductivityandhealth.”語(yǔ)篇解讀:美國(guó)國(guó)家廣場(chǎng)上的草地被替換后,科學(xué)家對(duì)其泥土中的微生物進(jìn)行了探討。12.Whydidtheresearchersfeelsurprisedwhentheyfocusedonthebacteriainthesoil?A.Morebacteriaappearedinthesoil.B.Microbeswerereplacedobviously.C.Thesoilmicrobiomesalmostremainedstable.D.Thesoilmicrobiomesdamagedtheenvironment.解析:選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段其次句可知,令科學(xué)家們驚訝的是,在草地被替換前后,其泥土中的微生物群基本上沒(méi)有什么大改變,即是穩(wěn)定的,故選C。13.Bystudyingtheturfgrass,whatdidCrouchandherteamfind?A.Microbesgrewfasterintheirowncommunity.B.Soilmicrobiomesweredifferentindifferentplaces.C.Turfgrassadaptedtotheenvironmentnearbyverysoon.D.Similarcommunitiesofbacteriawerebroughtbyturfgrass.解析:選D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Wethoughtthatthenew‘imported’turf...However,wefoundthattheyweren'tsignificantlydifferent”可知,科學(xué)家通過(guò)對(duì)草皮的探討發(fā)覺(jué),草皮中的細(xì)菌群并沒(méi)有很大的不同,故選D。14.Whydidtheauthormentionthemicrobesinthehumanbody?A.Toindicatethetwoplayasimilarrole.B.Toprovetheyareboththecausesofdiseases.C.Toexaminetheenvironmentspeoplelivein.D.Toanalyzethechangesofhumanmicrobes.解析:選A推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段第一句“Thinkofthesoilmicrobiomesassimilartothecollectionofmicrobesfoundinthehumanbody”和對(duì)本段的整體理解可推知,作者提到人體中的微生物群主要是為了進(jìn)行類比,即微生物群在泥土和人體中所起到的類似作用,故選A。15.WhatdoesCrouchmeaninthelastparagraph?A.Microbesarestillashardtoobserveasbefore.B.Studiesonmicrobiomescanbebeneficialtoagriculture.C.Scientistsarestillpuzzledabouttheeffectofmicrobiomes.D.Toomanymicrobiomesinthesoilmeannoharmtoplants.解析:選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Agriculturalareasandothernaturalspaces...improveplantproductivityandhealth.”,并結(jié)合本段的整體內(nèi)容可推知,Crouch在本段中所說(shuō)的話意味著他們對(duì)微生物群的探討對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)有肯定的主動(dòng)意義,故選B。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2024·武漢調(diào)研)Thesedayswhensomeonesaysacomputerhasabug(小蟲(chóng)子)init,usuallytheymeanthatthere'saproblemwithoneofitsprograms.Maybeyourcomputercrashedwhenyouwereinthemiddleofagame.__16__Butbackintheearlydaysofcomputers,awomannamedGraceHopperwaspartoftheteamthatdiscoveredtheveryfirstcomputerbug.__17__Shehadbeeninvitedtohelpprogramanewcomputer,thejobofwhichwastoquicklydealwiththemathproblemsshipsusedtofindtheirway.__18__Thenittranslatedthepatternsofholesintothemathproblemsitwassupposedtosolve.Oneafternoonin1947Hopperandherteamwererunningaprogram.Butthecomputerwasn'tgivingthemtherightresults.__19__Theyfinallyendeduptakingthecomputerapart,lookingforproblems.Whatdidtheyfind?Itwasadeadmoth(飛蛾)!Themothwasblockingsomeoftheholesinthepaper—nowonderthecomputerdidn'tknowwhattodo.Hopperknewthattheterm“bug”hadbeenusedbeforewhentherewereproblemswithmachines.Butthiswasthefirsttimeacomputerhadeverhadabug.__20__SomepeoplethinkHopperwasthefirstpersontousetheword“debug”tomean“getridoftheproblemsinacomputer”.A.Whatcouldbewrong?B.Hopperwasamathematician.C.Whohadoperatedthecomputer?D.Hopperwasahardworkingscientist.E.Shethoughtitwasfunnythatitwasarealone.F.Oryougotanerrormessagewhenyoutriedtogotoawebsite.G.Thecomputerworkedbyreadinginstructionsfromalongpieceofpaperwithholesinit.語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文,講解并描述了電腦中bug的來(lái)歷。16.解析:選F空前一句表示“當(dāng)你在玩嬉戲的時(shí)候,或許你的電腦崩潰了”,依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,空處應(yīng)表示電腦出問(wèn)題的時(shí)候。故F項(xiàng)“或者當(dāng)你努力進(jìn)入一個(gè)網(wǎng)站時(shí),你收到了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤信息”符合語(yǔ)境。17.解析:選B依據(jù)下一句可知,Hopper的工作是處理數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題,由此可以推想,她是數(shù)學(xué)家。故答案選B。18.解析:選G依據(jù)空后一句可知,G項(xiàng)中的“withholesinit”與此相照應(yīng),且G項(xiàng)與空后一句邏輯嚴(yán)密,故答案選G。19.解析:選A空前一句講解并描述了電腦不能給出正確的結(jié)果,也就是電腦出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題,結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,空處應(yīng)在發(fā)問(wèn)“可能是什么出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題呢?”,所以答案選A。20.解析:選E上文講到,在他們運(yùn)用的電腦里發(fā)覺(jué)了一只飛蛾,這是在電腦里發(fā)覺(jué)的第一只“bug”,且是一只真正的小蟲(chóng)子,故選E。課時(shí)練(二)語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用組塊專練——練準(zhǔn)度(限時(shí):30分鐘)Ⅰ.完形填空(2024·陜西質(zhì)檢二)SteveandYaserfirstmetintheirchemistryclass.YaserwasaninternationalstudentfromJordan.Hewas__1__togettoknowanAmerican.YaserhopedthatheandStevewould__2__goodfriends.Atfirst,Steveseemedveryfriendly.HealwaysgreetedYaser__3__beforeclass.SometimesheofferedtostudywithYaser.Heeven__4__Yasertohavelunchwithhim.Butafterthefirsttermwasover,Steveseemed__5__.OnedayYaserdecidedtocallSteve.Stevedidn'tseemvery__6__intalkingtohim.YaserwashurtbySteve'schangeofattitude.Yaserisalittle__7__.HeisanoutsidertoAmericanculture.Hedoesn'tunderstandthewayAmericansview__8__.Americansviewtheword“friend”inavery__9__way.Americanshaveschoolfriends,workfriends,sportsfriendsandneighborhoodfriends.Thesefriendshipsare__10__oncommoninterests.Whenthesharedactivityends,thefriendshipmay__11__.NowSteveandYaserarenolongerclassmates,theirfriendshiphas__12__.Insomeculturesfriendshipmeansa(n)__13__lifelongbondbetweentwopeople.Inthese__14__friendshipsdevelopslowly,sincetheyarebuilttolast.ButAmerican__15__isnotalwaysanofferoftruefriendship.American__16__isoneofthosethatchangerapidly.StudiesshowthatoneoutoffiveAmerican__17__moveseveryyear.PeoplefromtheUnitedStatesmayatfirstseemfriendly.Americansoftenchateasilywith__18__.Theyexchangeinformationabouttheirfamilies,__19__andwork.Theymaysmilewarmlyandsay,“Haveaniceday.”However,Americanfriendships__20__quickly,andtheymaychangejustasquickly.So,it'snecessarytodoinRomeastheRomansdo.語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文是一篇夾敘夾議文,通過(guò)敘述Steve和Yaser之間的經(jīng)驗(yàn),講解并描述了美國(guó)人對(duì)待友情的觀點(diǎn),所以我們應(yīng)當(dāng)入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。1.A.puzzled B.shockedC.excited D.worried解析:選C依據(jù)上文“SteveandYaserfirstmetintheirchemistryclass.YaserwasaninternationalstudentfromJordan”的提示可知,他很興奮(excited)能相識(shí)一個(gè)美國(guó)人。2.A.continue B.becomeC.a(chǎn)dvocate D.submit解析:選B依據(jù)上文“Hewas________togettoknowanAmerican”的描述可知,Yaser希望他和Steve能成為(become)好摯友。3.A.anxiously B.nervouslyC.strongly D.warmly解析:選D依據(jù)上文“Atfirst,Steveseemedveryfriendly”的描述可知,課前他總是熱忱地(warmly)問(wèn)候Yaser。4.A.invited B.a(chǎn)pprovedC.forbade D.rejected解析:選A依據(jù)上文“SometimesheofferedtostudywithYaser”的提示可知,此處與上文語(yǔ)義上形成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,所以此處為他甚至邀請(qǐng)(invited)Yaser和他一起吃午飯。5.A.optimistic B.familiarC.distant D.a(chǎn)ccessible解析:選C依據(jù)下文“OnedayYaserdecidedtocallSteve.Stevedidn'tseemvery________intalkingtohim”的提示可知,兩人之間的關(guān)系發(fā)生了改變,所以此處為但第一學(xué)期結(jié)束后,Steve顯得很冷淡(distant)。6.A.encouraged B.interestedC.embarrassed D.inspired解析:選B依據(jù)上文“Butafterthefirsttermwasover,Steveseemed________”的提示可知,他確定打電話給Steve,但Steve看起來(lái)對(duì)與他講話不感愛(ài)好(interested)。7.A.satisfied B.fascinatedC.delighted D.confused解析:選D依據(jù)下文“HeisanoutsidertoAmericanculture.Hedoesn'tunderstandthewayAmericansview________”的描述可知,此處為對(duì)此他有點(diǎn)困惑(confused)。8.A.friendship B.ownershipC.scholarship D.citizenship解析:選A依據(jù)下文“Americansviewtheword‘friend’inavery________way”的提示可知,此處為他不理解美國(guó)人看待友情(friendship)的方式。9.A.regular B.usualC.general D.similar解析:選C依據(jù)下文“Americanshaveschoolfriends,workfriends,sportsfriendsandneighborhoodfriends”的描述可知,美國(guó)人對(duì)待不同的人有著不同的友情觀,所以此處為美國(guó)人以特別普遍的(general)方式看待“摯友”這個(gè)詞。10.A.taken B.basedC.grown D.made解析:選B依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,這些友情是依據(jù)(based)他們共同的愛(ài)好(而建立起來(lái)的)。bebasedon...意為“以……為依據(jù)”。11.A.fail B.fallC.delay D.fade解析:選D依據(jù)上文“Thesefriendshipsare________oncommoninterests.Whenthesharedactivityends”的提示可知,此處為他們的友情可能會(huì)漸漸消逝(fade)。12.A.changed B.managedC.a(chǎn)rranged D.ranged解析:選A依據(jù)上文“Whenthesharedactivityends,thefriendshipmay________”的描述可知,此處為現(xiàn)在他們不再是同學(xué)了,他們的友情也變了(changed)。13.A.recent B.instantC.strong D.final解析:選C依據(jù)下文“American________isoneofthosethatchangerapidly”的提示可知,美國(guó)人對(duì)待友情的觀點(diǎn)不同于其他文化,所以此處為在一些文化中,友情意味著兩個(gè)人之間堅(jiān)固的(strong)終生的紐帶。14.A.creatures B.culturesC.lectures D.pictures解析:選B依據(jù)上文中的“Insomeculturesfriendshipmeansa(n)...twopeople”可知,此處為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),所以此處為在這些文化(cultures)中,友情發(fā)展得很緩慢。15.A.goodness B.happinessC.brightness D.friendliness解析:選D依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,但是美國(guó)人的友好(friendliness)并不總是真正的友情。16.A.society B.a(chǎn)ctivityC.a(chǎn)uthority D.quantity解析:選A依據(jù)下文“StudiesshowthatoneoutoffiveAmerican________moveseveryyear”的提示可知,這是一個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題,所以此處為美國(guó)社會(huì)(society)是一個(gè)快速改變的社會(huì)。17.A.apartments B.housesC.families D.departments解析:選C依據(jù)上文“American________isoneofthosethatchangerapidly”的提示可知,此處為探討表明,每年有五分之一的美國(guó)家庭(families)搬家。18.A.participants B.strangersC.colleagues D.members解析:選B依據(jù)上文“PeoplefromtheUnitedStatesmayatfirstseemfriendly”的提示可知,此處為美國(guó)人經(jīng)常很簡(jiǎn)單與生疏人(strangers)閑聊。19.A.offence B.forestsC.prejudice D.hobbies解析:選D依據(jù)上文中的“Americansoftenchateasilywith________”可知,此處為美國(guó)人會(huì)與這些生疏人溝通他們的家庭、愛(ài)好(hobbies)及工作信息。20.A.develop B.flowC.disappear D.revolve解析:選A依據(jù)上文“Americansoftenchat...andwork”以及下文“andtheymaychangejustasquickly”的提示可知,美國(guó)人的友情發(fā)展得很快,改變得也很快。Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空(2024·廣西三市聯(lián)考)WhenwementionthemostfamousChinesepaintingoftheNorthernSong,theimagecomingintopeople'smind__1__(be)theQingmingShangheTuorAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival.Thispaintingisimportant__2__severalreasons.First,uptillthattime,almostallChinesepaintingswerelandscapes,__3__(contain)nooronlyafewimagesofpeople.Second,thisisthemostrenownedscroll(卷軸)painting__4__(describe)bothChineseurbanandsuburbanlifeduringtheperiodinthecapital,Bianjing(nowKaifenginHenanProvince).Third,thepaintingis__5__(high)detailedandfeaturesshopsofallkindsanddifferenteconomic__6__(activity)inandoutofthecity.PeopleareabletoseetheChinesetechnologiesofthetime,whichhelpsthem__7__greatdealinunderstanding__8__theChineselived.TheBeijingPalaceMuseumkeepsthe__9__(origin)Songpaintingandoneofitsfamouscopies—theQingversion__10__(hold)intheNationalPalaceMuseuminTaipei.語(yǔ)篇解讀:本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要介紹了北宋聞名畫(huà)作《清明上河圖》,包括其歷史地位、重要性以及當(dāng)前的保存狀況等1.is/willbe考查主謂一樣和時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)我們提及北宋最聞名的畫(huà)作時(shí),映入人們腦海的是《清明上河圖》。依據(jù)句意可知,該句敘述的是一般常識(shí),故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),也可以用一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示傾向、習(xí)慣、必定發(fā)生的事。該句主語(yǔ)為“theimage”,為單數(shù),故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用is或willbe。2.for考查介詞。表示此畫(huà)重要的緣由用for意為“由于,因?yàn)椤薄?.containing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。首先,到那時(shí)為止,幾乎全部的中國(guó)畫(huà)都是風(fēng)景畫(huà),沒(méi)有或只有少數(shù)人物形象。動(dòng)詞“contain”和邏輯主語(yǔ)“l(fā)andscapes”之間是主謂關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)說(shuō)明landscapes的特征。4.todescribe/describing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。“painting”和動(dòng)詞“describe”之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞或動(dòng)詞不定式作后置定語(yǔ)修飾名詞painting。5.highly考查副詞??仗幮揎椥稳菰~“detailed”,表示程度,故用highly。6.a(chǎn)ctivities考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。activity“(為愛(ài)好、消遣或達(dá)到肯定目的而進(jìn)行的)活動(dòng)”為可數(shù)名詞,常用復(fù)數(shù),依據(jù)空前的“different”可知,空處用該名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。7.a(chǎn)考查不定冠詞。agreatdeal為固定搭配,意為“特別,很,極其”。8.how考查賓語(yǔ)從句。人們能夠看到當(dāng)時(shí)的中國(guó)技術(shù),這對(duì)人們了解當(dāng)時(shí)的中國(guó)人是如何生活的很有幫助。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,作understanding的賓語(yǔ);結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,空處表示“如何”,故用how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。9.original考查形容詞。空處修飾名詞短語(yǔ)“Songpainting”,故用形容詞形式“original”,表示“原作的”。10.isheld考查主謂一樣、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)。該句主語(yǔ)為“oneofitsfamouscopies—theQingversion”,為單數(shù);主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“hold”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);該句陳述的是一種客觀狀況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填isheld。課時(shí)練(三)寫(xiě)作強(qiáng)化增分練+單元基礎(chǔ)回扣練一、寫(xiě)作強(qiáng)化增分練——練規(guī)范(限時(shí):35分鐘)Ⅰ.短文改錯(cuò)(2024·成都診斷)Ihavealwaysbeendoingvolunteerwork,soIhadneverreallythoughtaboutdoingworkabroaduntilIfoundsomeinformationsonthisspecifictrip.Therewasapictureattachingtoane-mail,whichwassentregardingatrip.Itshowedtwolittlegirlsthattheyneededvolunteers.Theimagemakesmefallinlovewiththeideaofgoingsomewherecompletedifferentfrommyhome.WhatattractedmeaboutthetripwasitwastoaplaceI'dnevervisitbymyself.Iwantedtogonowherethatwouldmakemestepoutintomycomfortzone.答案:第一句:so→but/yet;informations→information其次句:attaching→attached;其次個(gè)a→the第三句:去掉they第四句:makes→made;complete→completely第五句:it前加that第六句:nowhere→somewhere/anywhere;into→ofⅡ.書(shū)面表達(dá)(2024·昆明質(zhì)檢)假定你是
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