江蘇省蘇州市2020-2021學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版）

江蘇省蘇州市2020-2021學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.試卷分為第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題），滿分150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。2.請(qǐng)將第I卷的答案填涂在答題卡上，第II卷請(qǐng)直接在答題卡上規(guī)定的地方作答。答題前，學(xué)生務(wù)必將自己的學(xué)校、姓名、調(diào)研序列號(hào)等相關(guān)信息寫(xiě)在答題卡上規(guī)定的地方。第I卷選擇題（共95分）第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACamberwellCollegeSwimmingPoolsCamberwellCollegeofArtshasone50m(Olympicsized)poolwithadepthof2mthroughout,andone25mpoolwitha1mshallowendanda4mdeepend.Bothpoolsmaybeusedbythegeneralpublicatcertaintimes.50mPoolThepoolisoftenusedforclasses,butthegeneralpublicmayusetwolanes（泳道）forlaneswimmingatthefollowingtimes.Monday:06:30-11:30and19:00-21:00Tuesday:06:30-11:30and18:00-21:00Wednesday:06:30-13:30and17:30-21:30Thursday:06:30-13:30Friday:06:30-13:30Weekends:09:00-17:00Childrenundertheageof14mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.PleasenotethatduringCollegeholidays,thesetimeswillbedifferent.Call04837393560forup-to-dateinformation.25mPoolThe25mpoolisavailableforrecreational(non-lane)swimmingfrom07:00-09:00and12:30-13:30onweekdays,and10:00-16:00onSaturdays.Childrenaged12andundermustbeaccompanied.Weregretthatthe25mpoolwillbeclosedforredecorationbetween21stJulyand18thAugust.Themen’schangingroomswillbeclosedfortheweekbeginning19thAugust,andthewomen’schangingroomswillbeclosedthefollowingweek.Alternative（可選用的）changingroomswillbemadeavailable.We’resorryforthis.1.Whencanthegeneralpublicusethe50mpoolonSundays?A.06:30. B.13:30.C.18:00. D.21:00.2.Whatdoweknowaboutthe50mpool?A.It’s4metersdeep. B.It’susuallyusedforteaching.C.It’sunsuitableforchildrenunder14. D.It’sunavailableduringCollegeholidays.3.The25mpoolwillbeclosed________.A.foraweek B.on26thAugustC.on19thAugust D.foraboutamonth【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了CamberwellCollege兩個(gè)游泳池的詳細(xì)情況，對(duì)公眾的開(kāi)放時(shí)間以及注意事項(xiàng)。1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)50mPool中“Weekends:09:00-17:00”可知50米的游泳池在周末對(duì)公眾開(kāi)放的時(shí)間是09:00-17:00，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有13:30在此時(shí)間段內(nèi)，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)50mPool中“Thepoolisoftenusedforclasses”可知，該泳池經(jīng)常用于教學(xué)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“the25mpoolwillbeclosedforredecorationbetween21stJulyand18thAugust.”可知，25米的泳池將在7月21日到8月18日之間重新裝修，關(guān)閉大約1個(gè)月時(shí)間。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)理解題具體方法與步驟如下：1.略讀材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。本文介紹了CamberwellCollege兩個(gè)游泳池的詳細(xì)情況，對(duì)公眾的開(kāi)放時(shí)間，注意事項(xiàng)和情況通知。2.按文章的體裁，作者寫(xiě)作的組織模式及有關(guān)的信息詞。如forexample,first,second…等預(yù)測(cè)應(yīng)該到何處尋找自己所需要的事實(shí)。3.將精力放在尋找你所需要的細(xì)節(jié)上。快速通篇跳讀，全文掃視，找到細(xì)節(jié)出處，待找到含細(xì)節(jié)句子時(shí)，放慢速度，仔細(xì)核對(duì)比較內(nèi)容，直至找到答案。如小題2考查文章細(xì)節(jié)，根據(jù)第一段one50m(Olympicsized)poolwithadepthof2mthroughout,可知這個(gè)游泳池的深度是2米，A錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)Thepoolisoftenusedforclasses可知這個(gè)泳池常用于教學(xué)，B正確。根據(jù)Childrenundertheageof14mustbeaccompaniedbyanadult.可知14歲以下兒童必須在成人陪伴下游泳，不是不適合游泳。C錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)PleasenotethatduringCollegeholidays,thesetimeswillbedifferent.可知大學(xué)假期期間時(shí)間有所變動(dòng)，不是不能使用。D錯(cuò)誤。BLosingababytoothcanbefunforakid.Youcanputitunderyourpillowandlookforwardtofindingsomemoneythereinthemorning.Andthenyoucanwatchyournewpermanent(永恒的）toothgrowinitsplace.Butifapermanenttoothfallsout,that'saproblem.Thereisn'tanotheroneunderthegum（齒齦）thatcanreplaceit.Unfortunately,thishappenstosomeolderpeople.Andifpermanentteethfalloutorneedtobepulled,anolderpersonmightneeddentures.Dentures,knownasfalseteeth,areasetofreplacementteethforanyteeththataremissing.Therearepartialdentures,whichtaketheplaceofonlyafewteethandpreventtheothersfromchangingposition.Ifalltheteetharegone,thepersonwouldneedcompletedentures,whichreplaceeverytoothinthemouth.Denturescancausepainsatfirstbuttakelittletimetogetusedto.Theyalsoneedspecialcare.Theyshouldbebrusheddailywithaspecialdenturebrushandcleanserandsoaked(浸泡）indenturesolutionwhennotinthemouth.Denturesareimportantfortheoldbecause,withoutteeth,it'shardtosmile,talk,andeatproperly.Butitcanbealittleweirdifyouseesomeonetakeouthisorherdentures.Itcanalsobestrangetoseesomeone,likeagrandparent,withoutdenturesinbecauseheorshewon'thaveanyteeth.Trynottomakefunofthepersonbecausethiscouldcausehurtfeelings.Peopleusuallylosetheirpermanentteethduetoperiodontaldisease(牙周炎），orgumdisease,whichiscausedbybacteriathatattackthegums.Diseasedgumsaren'tstrongandhealthy,soteethcangetlooseandfallout.Olderpeopleoftenhavemanycavities(洞）thathavebeenfilledovertheyears,andthesefillingscanweakenovertime,leadingtomoretoothproblems.4.Ifoneofyourbabyteethfallsout,you_______A.shouldhaveafalsetoothfixedinitsplaceB.willgainapermanenttoothinfuture.C.havetoputitunderyourpillowatonceD.canexchangeitforsomemoney5.Apersonwearingdentures_________A.willexperienceunpleasantfeelingsatthebeginningB.willspendaverylongtimeadjustinghimselforherselftothemC.shouldbrushthemwithaspecialdenturebrusheveryfewdaysD.shouldusedenturesolutiontosoaktheminhisorhermouth6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Partialdenturescanpreventtheremainingteethfromchangingposition.B.Oldpeoplewillfindithardtosmile,talk,andeatproperlywithoutteeth.C.Aperson'steethwillpossiblygetlooseifdiseasesstrikehisgums.D.Itishardforapersontoweardenturesifallhisteethhavefallenout.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"weird"meaninthefifthparagraph?A.inconvenient B.excited C.strange D.impolite【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章對(duì)假牙的作用和重要性進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。【詳解】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Andthenyoucanwatchyournewpermanent(永恒的）toothgrowinitsplace.”（然后你就可以看到你的新恒牙在原來(lái)的地方生長(zhǎng)了。）可知，當(dāng)乳牙掉后，會(huì)有一顆新的恒牙長(zhǎng)出來(lái)，故選B。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“Denturescancausepainsatfirstbuttakelittletimetogetusedto.”（假牙一開(kāi)始會(huì)引起疼痛，但很快就會(huì)習(xí)慣。）可知，戴假牙在剛開(kāi)始時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生疼痛，需要一段時(shí)間來(lái)適應(yīng)，故選A。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Therearepartialdentures,whichtaketheplaceofonlyafewteethandpreventtheothersfromchangingposition.”（有部分假牙，它只能代替幾顆牙齒，防止其他牙齒改變位置。）可知，局部假牙可以防止剩余的牙齒改變位置，所以選項(xiàng)A正確，排除A；根據(jù)第六段第一句“Denturesareimportantfortheoldbecause,withoutteeth,it'shardtosmile,talk,andeatproperly.”（假牙對(duì)老年人很重要，因?yàn)闆](méi)有牙齒，就很難微笑、說(shuō)話和正常飲食。）可知，老年人會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)有牙齒就很難微笑、說(shuō)話和正常飲食，所以選項(xiàng)B正確，排除B；根據(jù)最后一段“Peopleusuallylosetheirpermanentteethduetoperiodontaldisease(牙周炎），orgumdisease,whichiscausedbybacteriathatattackthegums.Diseasedgumsaren'tstrongandhealthy,soteethcangetlooseandfallout.”（人們失去恒牙通常是由于牙周病或牙齦疾病，這種疾病是由攻擊牙齦的細(xì)菌引起的。患病的牙齦不結(jié)實(shí)不健康，所以牙齒會(huì)松動(dòng)脫落。）可知，牙齦生病的話，人的牙齒可能會(huì)松動(dòng)，所以選項(xiàng)C正確，排除C；根據(jù)第五段“Itcanalsobestrangetoseesomeone,likeagrandparent,withoutdenturesinbecauseheorshewon'thaveanyteeth.”（看到像爺爺奶奶這樣的人因?yàn)闆](méi)有牙齒而沒(méi)有戴假牙也會(huì)很奇怪。）可知，牙齒全掉的人也是可以戴假牙的，所以選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤，故選D。4.詞義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫(huà)線詞后的“Itcanalsobestrangetoseesomeone,likeagrandparent,withoutdenturesinbecauseheorshewon'thaveanyteeth.”（看到像爺爺奶奶這樣的人因?yàn)闆](méi)有牙齒而沒(méi)有戴假牙也會(huì)很奇怪。）中的also可知，前后兩句呈承接并列關(guān)系，所以前后句想表達(dá)的意思相似，所以weird在此處的意思應(yīng)為奇怪，故選C。CAnAmericancompanyhasbuiltanewdronethatcouldimprovethespeedofdeliveries.Thedroneisverydifferentfromotherunmannedaircraft.Itismadealmostcompletelyoutofcardboardandhasnomotor.Itcanbepackedwithmaterialsandsealedupwithtape.Becausethedronesdonothaveamotor,theyaredesignedtobedroppedfromairplanes.Hundredsofdronescouldbesentoutatonce.Thentheycouldbeautomaticallyguidedtowheretheyaresupposedtogo.Thecompanysaysthesedronescouldthencompletedeliveriestodifferentplacesoveranareacoveringhundredsofkilometres.Thedroneslookbiggerthanthepaperairplanesweusedtomakeaskids.Butthislightflyerisnotatoy.Itisaerodynamicallydesignedandequippedwithasmallcomputer,abatteryandsensorstoguideittotheground.ThedronesarebeingdevelopedbyOtherlab-atechnologyresearchcompanyinSanFrancisco,California.Itcallsthedronea"SkyMachine".Thecompanysaysitcantravelabout150kilometresatspeedsupto88kilometresanhour.Now,itcancarrymaterialsweighinguptoonekilogram,butfuturemodelsareexpectedtocarrylargerloads.Oneofthedrone'smainadvantagesisthatitdoesnothaveaheavymotororlargebattery.Thisallowsmoreroomformaterialsandmakesthedronecostlesstobuildandoperate.TheOtherlabdevelopmentteamhascalledtheinventionthe"IKEAofdrones”.PackagedsimilarlytoproductsfromthefamousSwedishfurnituremaker,itborrowsIKEA'sconcept.Thedronearrivesasflatpiecesofpre-cutcardboardthatcanbequicklyandeasilyputtogether.Thetechnologythatguidesthedronecanmakeitlandwithin10metresofitstarget,accordingtoOtherlab.Unlikeotherdrones,evenacrashlandingisacceptable.Thecompanysaysthedronescanalsobereused.Oncethedronecompletesitsdelivery,itcanbethrownawayandthecardboardmaterialwillbreakdownwithinafewmonths.ThecompanyhasreceivedmoneyfromtheUSDepartmentofDefensetocarryoutresearchonthedrones.ThemoneycamefromtheDefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency.Theagencyisattemptingtofindthebestdeliveryvehiclesthatcandisappearaftertheirmissionsarecompleted.TheUSmilitaryhasaneedfordeliverydrones.Butitwantstosimplifyandlowerthecostofusingthem.OtherlabisSkyMachinesareanattempttofillthatneed.Militarydronescanalsobestolenandstudiedbyothersiffoundafteruse.Beforetheycantrulydisappear,theelectronicmaterialsinsidemustalsosomehowdisappear.Researchersarestillworkingonwaystogetthetechnologyitselftoself-destruct.8.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Whythenewdroneisinvented.B.Whatthenewdroneisequippedwith.C.Howthenewdronecangettotheground.D.Whythenewdroneisdesignedlikepaperairplanes.9.Whyistheinventioncalledthe"IKEAofdrones"?A.Becauseit'sasimilarproductmadebyIKEA.B.BecauseitusestheideafromIKEA.C.Becauseit'sbuiltatalowcostlikefurnitureofIKEA.D.Becauseit'smadeupofpre-cutcardboard.10.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistheadvantageofthenewdrone?A.Itcanlandnearitstarget. B.Ithasalightmotorinside.C.Acrashlandingisnotacceptable. D.Itsloadweighsfarmorethanonekilo.11.WhatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsaboutOtherlab'sSkyMachines?A.TheyhavebeenbuiltbytheUSmilitary.B.Researchisbeingcarriedoutontheirimprovement.C.Theyarenowoftenstolenandstudiedbyothersafterdeliveries.D.Theelectronicmaterialsinsidecanalreadydestroythemselvesafteruse.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講的是一家美國(guó)公司開(kāi)發(fā)了一種新型無(wú)人機(jī)，可以提高交貨的速度。介紹了這種無(wú)人機(jī)的特色、優(yōu)勢(shì)以及概念來(lái)源和未來(lái)的發(fā)展方向?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Becausethedronesdonothaveamotor,theyaredesignedtobedroppedfromairplanes.Hundredsofdronescouldbesentoutatonce.Thentheycouldbeautomaticallyguidedtowheretheyaresupposedtogo.Thecompanysaysthesedronescouldthencompletedeliveriestodifferentplacesoveranareacoveringhundredsofkilometres.Thedroneslookbiggerthanthepaperairplanesweusedtomakeaskids.Butthislightflyerisnotatoy.Itisaerodynamicallydesignedandequippedwithasmallcomputer,abatteryandsensorstoguideittotheground.(因?yàn)闊o(wú)人機(jī)沒(méi)有發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，所以它們被設(shè)計(jì)成可以從飛機(jī)上起飛?？梢酝瑫r(shí)派出數(shù)百架無(wú)人機(jī)。然后他們可以被自動(dòng)引導(dǎo)到他們應(yīng)該去的地方。該公司表示，這些無(wú)人機(jī)可以完成數(shù)百公里范圍內(nèi)的不同地區(qū)的送貨任務(wù)。無(wú)人機(jī)看起來(lái)比我們小時(shí)候做的紙飛機(jī)要大。但這個(gè)輕型飛行器不是玩具。它是空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)的，裝備了一個(gè)小型計(jì)算機(jī)，電池和傳感器來(lái)引導(dǎo)它到地面)”可知，第三段主要講了新型無(wú)人機(jī)如何著陸的問(wèn)題。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第七段中“PackagedsimilarlytoproductsfromthefamousSwedishfurnituremaker,itborrowsIKEA'sconcept.(它借鑒了IKEA的理念，包裝類(lèi)似于瑞典著名家具制造商的產(chǎn)品)”可知，無(wú)人機(jī)借鑒了IKEA的理念，所以使用了IKEAofdrone的名字。故選B。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第八段中“Thetechnologythatguidesthedronecanmakeitlandwithin10metresofitstarget,accordingtoOtherlab.(根據(jù)Otherlab的說(shuō)法，引導(dǎo)無(wú)人機(jī)的技術(shù)可以讓它降落在距離目標(biāo)10米以內(nèi))”可知，A選項(xiàng)“它能在目標(biāo)附近著陸”是新的無(wú)人機(jī)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Theagencyisattemptingtofindthebestdeliveryvehiclesthatcandisappearaftertheirmissionsarecompleted.TheUSmilitaryhasaneedfordeliverydrones.Butitwantstosimplifyandlowerthecostofusingthem.Otherlab'sSkyMachinesareanattempttofillthatneed.(工程處正在努力尋找在任務(wù)完成后可以消失的最佳運(yùn)送工具。美國(guó)軍方對(duì)運(yùn)送無(wú)人機(jī)有需求。但它想簡(jiǎn)化并降低使用它們的成本。Otherlab的SkyMachines正試圖滿足這一需求)”可知，Otherlab的SkyMachines在進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)無(wú)人機(jī)以滿足更多的需求。故選B。DIspendhalfofmylifewithmymotherandtheotherhalfwithmyfather.Myfatherliveswithatwenty-poundcatnamedTofu.Hecallsmehisfavoritedaughter.Iamtheonlychild.Myfather'sapartmentisquitedifferentfromanyotherpeople'slivingspace.Exceptformyroom,thereisnofurniture.Hedoesn'tlikesofasoranycomfortablechairs,sohehasonlyadrawingtable,adeskandabed.Forthreeyearshehasresistedbuyingastereobecausehethinksit'suglyandwillmessuphisstudio.Frommyfather'sstudio,window,youcanseealargepartofSanFrancisco.íliketowatchthecolorschangeinthebaywhenthesunissetting.Allthewallsarewhite,andframedpostersofmyfather'slastthreebookshangsidebyside.Hespendsalotoftimelyingonthestudiofloor.That'showhethinks,hesays.Thenhedoesyoga.Hehasabigkitchen,andontopoftheRefrigerationisanoldclockhewindseveryweekforgoodluck.Thelasttimetheclockstopped,myfather'scarwaspulledawaybythepoliceandsomeotherunfortunatethingshappened,sohehasbecomeverysuperstitious(迷信).Whenhegoesoutoftown,hehiressomeonetofeedTofuandwindtheclocksoitwon'tstop.Theonethinghehasplentyofishouserules.Youhavetotakeoffyourshoeswhenyoucamein.Hewon'tallowanyonewhowearsabaseballcapintohishouse.Hesaysonlybaseballplayersshouldwearbaseballcapsandonlythecatchersshouldwearthembackward.EverytimeIgotostayathishouse,hemakesupanewrule."Houserulenumber579,notelevisionprogramswithlaughtracks!"hewillsay.Wellthenhecanneverrememberthenumbers,sotheychangeconstantly.TherulethathealwaysenforcesistheonethatrequiresmetowriteatwolongessayanytimeIwantsomething.Hedidn'tspeakEnglishuntilhewassixteen,andhehadahardtimelearningtowriteit,sohewantsmetobecomeagoodwriteratanearlyage.TheritualstartedwhenIaskedhimifIcouldhavemyearpiercedwhenIwasnine.HesaiditwasbarbaricandtoldmeIcouldn'tdoituntilIwasthirty-five.ButIkeptaskinghim,andhefinallysaidthatifIwroteanessayandIcouldpersuadehiminwritingwhyIwantedholesinmyears,maybehewouldsayokay.Iwrotemyfirstessayformyfather,andafteronemonthofwritingandrewriting,hebackeddownandgavemehispermission.12.Whichstatementisanexampleofahouserule?A.Nobaseballplayersshouldwearcapsbackward.B.Lyingonthestudiofloorcanimprovethewayofthinking.C.Wearingshoesinthehouseisnotacceptable.D.KeepingTofufedandtheclockwoundisimportant.13.Basedonthepassage,wecandrawtheconclusionexceptthatA.thewriter'sparentsareseparated.B.writingatwolongessayisawell-meantintentionofthefatherC.thereareinall579houserulesandthenumberisgrowingD.myfatherdoesn'twantastereoinhishouseforitsugliness.14.Whichofthefollowingmeanstheclosesttotheunderlinedword"pierced"inparagraph5?A.Asuddenscreampiercedthesilence.B.Thedarknesswaspiercedbythelightfromthesun.C.Boilthecornuntilitcaneasilybepiercedwithafork.D.Thecrazymanthreatenedtopiercethedefenseofthepolice.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheTensionbetweenMyFatherandMe B.AFather'sUnusualHabitsC.ACaringFather D.AChallengingTeenager【答案】12.C13.C14.C15.B【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述是父親的各種不同尋常的習(xí)慣?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theonethinghehasplentyofishouserules.Youhavetotakeoffyourshoeswhenyoucamein.”他有很多家規(guī)。你進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候必須脫掉鞋子?？芍谑覂?nèi)穿鞋是不可接受的。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷類(lèi)。本題題干意為：根據(jù)文章，我們可以得出結(jié)論，除了…。根據(jù)文中倒數(shù)第二段“Houserulenumber579,notelevisionprogramswithlaughtracks!”hewillsay.Wellthenhecanneverrememberthenumbers,sotheychangeconstantly.家庭規(guī)則第579，禁止播放有笑聲的電視節(jié)目!他會(huì)說(shuō)。那么他就永遠(yuǎn)記不住數(shù)字了，所以數(shù)字總是在變。我們從這句話里面并不能推斷出是否總共有579個(gè)規(guī)則，更加不能推斷出數(shù)目是屬于增長(zhǎng)的趨勢(shì)。故選C。【14題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文中pierce所在段落的后面一句“Iwantedholesinmyears”我想在耳朵上打個(gè)洞?？芍}目中“piercemyear“為穿耳洞，pierced為“刺穿”的意思。而選項(xiàng)中A為“聲音響徹”，B為“光劃破黑暗”，C為“刺穿”，D為“突破防守”，只有C“把玉米煮到可以用叉子很容易扎進(jìn)去”最符合pierce在文中物理上的刺穿之意，故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。需根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容判斷，我們可知本文主要講述了我與父親生活的過(guò)程中，父親在生活中的各種習(xí)慣。根據(jù)文章第二段“Myfather'sapartmentisquitedifferentfromanyotherpeople'slivingspace.”我父親的公寓與別人的生活空間大不相同；第三段講的是“Hespendsalotoftimelyingonthestudiofloor.That'showhethinks,hesays.Thenhedoesyoga.Hehasabigkitchen,andontopoftheRefrigerationisanoldclockhewindseveryweekforgoodluck.Thelasttimetheclockstopped,myfather'scarwaspulledawaybythepoliceandsomeotherunfortunatethingshappened,sohehasbecomeverysuperstitious(迷信).Whenhegoesoutoftown,hehiressomeonetofeedTofuandwindtheclocksoitwon'tstop.”他說(shuō)，這就是他的想法。然后他做瑜伽。他有一個(gè)大廚房，冰箱上放著一個(gè)老鐘，他每周都會(huì)上發(fā)條祈求好運(yùn)。上次鐘停的時(shí)候，我父親的車(chē)被警察拖走了，還有一些其他不幸的事情發(fā)生了，所以他變得很迷信。當(dāng)他出城的時(shí)候，他會(huì)雇人喂Tofu，給鐘上發(fā)條，這樣它就不會(huì)停止了?？芍饕v的是爸爸的生活習(xí)慣；第四段講到家規(guī)；最后一段講到“TherulethathealwaysenforcesistheonethatrequiresmetowriteatwolongessayanytimeIwantsomething.”他總是堅(jiān)持的一條規(guī)則就是要求我在任何時(shí)候都要寫(xiě)一篇兩頁(yè)長(zhǎng)的文章。是爸爸總是堅(jiān)持的一條規(guī)則。可判斷B選項(xiàng)Afather’sUnusualHabits(父親不尋常的習(xí)慣)。為短文最佳標(biāo)題，故需選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Bullying(霸凌)isabigproblem.Itcanmakekidsfeelhurt,scared,sick,lonely,embarrassed,andsad.Bulliesmighthit,kick,orpushtohurtkids,orusewordstocallnames,tease,orscarethem.___16___Bullyingisabigdeal.Itisabigproblemthataffectslotsofkids.___17___Beingbulliedcanmakekidsfeelreallybad,andthestressofdealingwithitcanmakethemfeelsick.Bullyingcanmakekidsnotwanttogotoschoolandmakeschoolaplaceoffearandcanleadtoviolenceandmorestressforeveryone.___18___Somebulliesarelookingforattention.Theymightthinkbullyingisawaytobepopularortogetwhattheywant.Mostbulliesaretryingtomakethemselvesfeelmoreimportant.Whentheypickonsomeoneelse,itcanmakethemfeelbigandpowerful.Somebulliescomefromfamilieswhereeveryoneisangryandshoutingallthetime.Howtohandleit?___19___Asmuchasyoucan,avoidthebully.Youcan'tgointohidingorskipclass,ofcourse.Butifyoucantakeadifferentrouteandavoidthemeankid,doso.Standtallandbebrave.Whenyou'rescaredofanotherperson,you'reprobablynotfeelingyouarebrave.Butsometimesjustactingbravelyisenoughtostopabully.Talktosomeoneyoutrustifyouarebotheredbyabully.___20___Makeaplantowalkwithafriendortwoonthewaytoschool,recess,lunch,orwhereveryouthinkyoumightmeetthebully.A.Bulliescomeinallshapesandsizes.B.Whydobulliesactthatway?C.Three-quartersofallkidssaytheyhavebeenbulliedorteased.D.Ifyoucan,tryyourbesttoignorethebully'sthreats.E.SomebulliesEventhreatenkidsortrytomakethemdothingstheydon'twanttodo.F.Twoisbetterthanoneifyou'retryingtoavoidbeingbullied.G.Don'tgivethebullyachance.【答案】16.E17.C18.B19.G20.F【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹了霸凌的危害、現(xiàn)狀，霸凌者欺負(fù)他人的原因以及解決措施?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Bulliesmighthit,kick,orpushtohurtkids,orusewordstocallnames,tease,orscarethem.(霸凌者可能會(huì)打、踢或推人來(lái)傷害孩子，或者用言語(yǔ)辱罵、戲弄或恐嚇?biāo)麄?”可知，根據(jù)前一句說(shuō)的是霸凌者會(huì)做的行為，而E選項(xiàng)也在描述霸凌者做的事，并且E選項(xiàng)中的even表遞進(jìn)。故E選項(xiàng)“有些霸凌者甚至威脅孩子或試圖讓他們做他們不想做的事情”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Itisabigproblemthataffectslotsofkids.(這是一個(gè)影響很多孩子的大問(wèn)題)”以及后文“Beingbulliedcanmakekidsfeelreallybad,andthestressofdealingwithitcanmakethemfeelsick.(被欺負(fù)會(huì)讓孩子們感覺(jué)非常糟糕，而處理這種事情的壓力會(huì)讓他們感到惡心)”可知，上文提到霸凌是一個(gè)大問(wèn)題，影響到很多孩子，后文講述了其給被欺負(fù)者帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響，可知本句是在說(shuō)明被欺負(fù)著的人數(shù)，C選項(xiàng)中theyhavebeenbulliedorteased可與后文中Beingbullied相對(duì)應(yīng)。故C選項(xiàng)“四分之三的孩子說(shuō)他們?cè)黄圬?fù)或戲弄”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?8題詳解】本空為本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Somebulliesarelookingforattention.Theymightthinkbullyingisawaytobepopularortogetwhattheywant.Mostbulliesaretryingtomakethemselvesfeelmoreimportant.Whentheypickonsomeoneelse,itcanmakethemfeelbigandpowerful.Somebulliescomefromfamilieswhereeveryoneisangryandshoutingallthetime.(一些霸凌者在尋求關(guān)注。他們可能認(rèn)為欺凌是一種受歡迎或得到他們想要的東西的方式。大多數(shù)霸凌者都試圖讓自己覺(jué)得自己更重要。當(dāng)他們欺負(fù)別人時(shí)，會(huì)讓他們覺(jué)得自己很強(qiáng)大。有些恃強(qiáng)凌弱者的家庭里，每個(gè)人都很憤怒，總是大喊大叫)”可知，本段主要圍繞著霸凌者會(huì)為什么霸凌別人進(jìn)行分析，故B選項(xiàng)“為什么霸凌者會(huì)那樣做？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Asmuchasyoucan,avoidthebully.Youcan'tgointohidingorskipclass,ofcourse.Butifyoucantakeadifferentrouteandavoidthemeankid,doso.Standtallandbebrave.Whenyou'rescaredofanotherperson,you'reprobablynotfeelingyouarebrave.Butsometimesjustactingbravelyisenoughtostopabully.(盡你所能，避免霸凌者。當(dāng)然，你不能躲起來(lái)或逃課。但如果你能選擇不同的路線，避開(kāi)壞孩子，那就去做吧。抬頭挺胸，要勇敢。當(dāng)你害怕另一個(gè)人時(shí)，你可能并不覺(jué)得自己勇敢。但有時(shí)只要勇敢地行動(dòng)，就足以阻止一個(gè)惡霸)”可知，后文主要說(shuō)明要勇敢地行動(dòng)，不要給霸凌者欺負(fù)你的機(jī)會(huì)，故G選項(xiàng)“不要給霸凌者機(jī)會(huì)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Talktosomeoneyoutrustifyouarebotheredbyabully.(如果你被欺負(fù)了，和你信任的人談?wù)?”以及后文“Makeaplantowalkwithafriendortwoonthewaytoschool,recess,lunch,orwhereveryouthinkyoumightmeetthebully.(制定一個(gè)計(jì)劃，和一兩個(gè)朋友一起在上學(xué)、課間休息、午餐或任何你認(rèn)為可能會(huì)遇到霸凌者的地方散步)”可知，上文假定了情境是你遭受了霸凌，后文提到建議做好計(jì)劃以和朋友同行去任何可能遭受霸凌的地方，即借助朋友的力量來(lái)避免被霸凌。故F選項(xiàng)“如果你想避免被霸凌，兩個(gè)人比一個(gè)人更好”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ASingularDefinitionofBeautyThemainstreambeautystandardinChinaisafairandfreckle-free(沒(méi)有雀斑)facewithbigeyesandhighnosebridge.Before___21___photosonthesocialnetwork,manywomenusephotobeatificationappstonotonlysmoothenandwhitentheirskinbutenlargetheireyes___22___.It'scommonfor___23___youngwomentohavetheirfrecklesremovedbylaser,ortoenlargetheireyesandshavetheirfacialboneswithplasticsurgeries.Fair,spotlessskinisoftenconnectedwithbeingelegant,pureandeven___24___.Freckles,meanwhile,areconsideredasdirty,uglyandasignofill-health.Oneofthe“funny”commentsI'veheard,fromsomeonepromotingtraditionalChinesemedicines,wasthatfreckles“area(n)___25___ofadisease.”Thissingulardefinitionofbeautycancreate___26___forthosewhodon'tfitwithinit.Igrewupthinkingmyfreckleswere___27___bymostpeople.Itwasnotuntilincollegethatmyattitudechanged,andittookanotherfewyears___28___Ilearnedtotrulylovemyfreckles.Ibelievetheymakeme___29___andbeautiful.TheideaofhavingasinglebeautystandardisespeciallystrangeforacountryasdiverseasChina.With56officially____30____minoritygroups,beautyhereisrichandvaried.Thankfully,the____31____definitionofbeautyisslowlyimproving.Thestate-runnewspaperChinaDailytookafirmstandandoffereditssupport,withanarticlecallingonpeopletobeculturallyconfidentand____32____whatwehavenaturally.Hopefully,____33____,moregirlscanlearnto____34____whotheyareandwhattheylooklikeandtrulylovethemselvesregardlessofwhetherthey____35____thetraditionalstandardsofbeauty.21.A.taking B.posting C.shooting D.rating22.A.aswell B.inperson C.asaresult D.inshort23.A.fortunate B.well-meaning C.anxious D.amazing24.A.tough B.healthy C.confident D.slim25.A.function B.aspect C.reflection D.account26.A.problems B.options C.details D.confidence27.A.laughedat B.takenadvantageof C.smoothedout D.broughtout28.A.after B.until C.before D.while29.A.unique B.single C.individual D.independent30.A.acquired B.gathered C.respected D.recognized31.A.shallow B.rough C.positive D.passive32.A.takein B.guardagainst C.takepridein D.getover33.A.ontime B.overtime C.aheadoftime D.intime34.A.acquire B.achieve C.address D.accept35.A.liveupto B.respondto C.riseto D.makeit【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.C26.A27.A28.C29.A30.D31.A32.C33.D34.D35.A【解析】這是一篇議論文。主要講了作者認(rèn)為如今很多中國(guó)女生對(duì)自己的容貌并沒(méi)有自信，會(huì)選擇修圖或者整容來(lái)改變自己，作者講述了自己從自卑到自信的經(jīng)歷，作者希望有一天，更多的女孩能學(xué)會(huì)接受自己，接受自己的長(zhǎng)相，真正愛(ài)自己，不管她們是否符合傳統(tǒng)的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在把照片發(fā)到社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上之前，許多女性使用美顏app，不僅能讓皮膚變得光滑白皙，還能放大眼睛。A.taking帶走；B.posting發(fā)布，張貼；C.shooting射擊；D.rating評(píng)價(jià)。根據(jù)“onthesocialnetwork”可知，這里是在發(fā)圖之前要修圖，因此是posting。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在把照片發(fā)到社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上之前，許多女性使用美顏app，不僅能讓皮膚變得光滑白皙，還能放大眼睛。A.aswell也；B.inperson親自；C.asaresult結(jié)果；D.inshort總之。根據(jù)上文“manywomenusephotobeatificationappstonotonlysmoothenandwhitentheirskinbutenlargetheireyes”可知美顏app不僅能讓皮膚變得光滑白皙，還能放大眼睛，故選A。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對(duì)焦慮的年輕女性來(lái)說(shuō)，用激光去除雀斑，或用整形手術(shù)放大眼睛和剃除面部骨骼是很常見(jiàn)的。A.fortunate幸運(yùn)的；B.well-meaning善意的；C.anxious焦慮的；D.amazing令人驚訝的。根據(jù)后面是一系列整容行為可知，這里是指對(duì)自己相貌焦慮的年輕女生常常去整容。故選C。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：白皙、一塵不染的皮膚常常讓人聯(lián)想到優(yōu)雅、純凈甚至健康。A.tough艱難的；B.healthy健康的；C.confident自信的；D.slim苗條的。根據(jù)這里前面都是褒義詞，所填空前的even，以及下面有ill-health作對(duì)比可知，這里指白皙、一塵不染的皮膚常常讓人聯(lián)想到優(yōu)雅、純凈甚至健康（healthy）。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我從一個(gè)推廣中藥的人那里聽(tīng)到的一個(gè)“有趣”的評(píng)論是，雀斑“是一種疾病的體現(xiàn)”。A.function功能；B.aspect方面；C.reflection體現(xiàn)，反思；D.account賬戶。根據(jù)前文說(shuō)雀斑被認(rèn)為是不健康的，以及這里的主語(yǔ)是推銷(xiāo)中藥的可知，這里那個(gè)人說(shuō)雀斑是疾病的體現(xiàn)（reflection）。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這種對(duì)美的單一定義會(huì)給那些不符合它的人造成麻煩。A.problems麻煩，問(wèn)題；B.options選擇；C.details細(xì)節(jié)；D.confidence自信。根據(jù)后文“forthosewhodon'tfitwithinit”可知不符合單一的美的定義的人來(lái)說(shuō)，美的單一定義會(huì)給他們?cè)斐陕闊╬roblem）。故選A。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：從小到大，我一直認(rèn)為我的雀斑會(huì)被大多數(shù)人嘲笑。A.laughedat嘲笑；B.takenadvantageof利用；C.smoothedout消除；D.broughtout出版。根據(jù)后文提到作者到大學(xué)才改變觀點(diǎn)，愛(ài)上自己的雀斑可知，作者以前認(rèn)為自己的雀斑被人嘲笑（laughedat）。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：直到上了大學(xué)，我的態(tài)度才改變，又過(guò)了幾年，我才真正愛(ài)上了自己的雀斑。A.after在……之后；B.until直到；C.before在……之前；D.while當(dāng)……時(shí)候。根據(jù)上文“Itwasnotuntilincollegethatmyattitudechanged”可知到了大學(xué)作者才改變觀點(diǎn)可知，既此處指在真的愛(ài)上自己的雀斑之前，作者花了幾年的時(shí)間（來(lái)改變自己的想法），因此是before。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為我的雀斑使我與眾不同以及美麗動(dòng)人。A.unique獨(dú)特的；B.single單一的；C.individual個(gè)人的；D.independent獨(dú)立的。根據(jù)上文提到作者如今愛(ài)上了自己的雀斑，以及后文“andbeautiful”可知這里要填褒義詞，即“我認(rèn)為我的雀斑使我與眾不同（unique）以及美麗動(dòng)人。”故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這里有56個(gè)官方認(rèn)可的少數(shù)民族，風(fēng)景豐富多彩，多種多樣的。A.acquired取得；B.gathered聚集；C.respected尊重；D.recognized認(rèn)可，認(rèn)識(shí)。根據(jù)上文“officially”可知此處指56個(gè)官方認(rèn)可的（recognized）少數(shù)民族。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：值得慶幸的是，對(duì)美的膚淺定義正在慢慢改善。A.shallow淺的；B.rough粗糙的；C.positive積極的；D.passive被動(dòng)的。根據(jù)上文“thankfully”以及后文“definitionofbeautyisslowlyimproving”可知此處指膚淺粗暴的美的定義正在逐漸提升，與之前的singledefinition形成對(duì)比。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：中國(guó)官方報(bào)紙《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》采取了堅(jiān)定的立場(chǎng)并提供了支持，發(fā)表了一篇文章，呼吁人們?cè)谖幕弦孕?，為我們所擁有的自然美感到自豪。A.takein吸收；B.guardagainst防止；C.takepridein以……為傲；D.getover克服。根據(jù)前面說(shuō)在對(duì)美的定義正在改善，而且報(bào)紙呼吁文化自信可知，此處指呼吁大家以我們天生就擁有的東西為豪，因此是takepridein。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：希望有一天，更多的女孩能學(xué)會(huì)接受自己，接受自己的長(zhǎng)相，真正愛(ài)自己，不管她們是否符合傳統(tǒng)的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。A.ontime按時(shí)；B.overtime隨著時(shí)間過(guò)去；C.aheadoftime提前；D.intime過(guò)了一段時(shí)間，及時(shí)。根據(jù)前文說(shuō)對(duì)美的定義在慢慢改善，以及上文“hopefully”可知，希望遲早有一天，女孩子們會(huì)意識(shí)到外在的美其實(shí)沒(méi)有內(nèi)在美重要。遲早有一天或者最終應(yīng)用intime。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：希望有一天，更多的女孩能學(xué)會(huì)接受自己，接受自己的長(zhǎng)相，真正愛(ài)自己，不管她們是否符合傳統(tǒng)的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。A.acquire獲得；B.achieve