2010屆高考英語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

1、高考語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)系列六,情 態(tài) 動(dòng) 詞,1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn) 1、can; may; must should; need 等表示判斷及 推測(cè)； 2、shall; should 的特殊用法； 3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的應(yīng)答策略； 4、對(duì)過(guò)去的判斷或推測(cè)； 5、dare; need 的用法特點(diǎn)。,2. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法特點(diǎn) 1） 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事 情，只表示期待或估計(jì)某事的發(fā)生。2） 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 除 ought 和 have 外，后面只能接不帶 to 的不定式。3） 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)，數(shù)的變化，即情態(tài)動(dòng)詞第 三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)不加-s。4） 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有非謂語(yǔ)形式，即沒(méi)有不定式，分 詞，等形式。,f.,

2、3. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)的用法 A. 對(duì)現(xiàn)在狀態(tài)和動(dòng)作的推測(cè) 高考題點(diǎn)擊： Helen _ go on the trip with us, but she isnt quite sure yet. （05安徽卷） A. shall B. must C. may D. can,C,說(shuō)明：must 加動(dòng)詞原形表示“必須做”；may 加動(dòng)詞原形表示“可能會(huì)做”；can 加動(dòng)詞原形表示“能夠做”；can 表示“可能性”時(shí)一般用在問(wèn)句和否定句中。該句的關(guān)鍵在于“but she isnt quite sure yet”。,說(shuō)明：neednt 表示“不必”；mustnt 表示“不準(zhǔn)”；shant 用在二、三人

3、稱(chēng)中表示“堅(jiān)決不準(zhǔn)”，含有強(qiáng)烈的警告和命令的語(yǔ)氣。shouldnt 表示“非常不可能”或“應(yīng)該不會(huì)”。,2. There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. （05上海卷） A. mustnt B. shant C. shouldntD. neednt,C,3. Its nearly 7:00. Jack _ be here at any moment. (N 1995) A. mustB. needC. shouldD. ca

4、n 4. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. (N 1996) A. wont, cantB. mustnt, may C. shouldnt, mustD. cant, should,C,B,must + be 表示“肯定會(huì)”；need + be 表示 “需要在”；should + 動(dòng)詞原形表示“非常有可能”；can 表示可能性只用在否定和疑問(wèn)句中。,前句表示“你不能玩刀”，此處的 “不能”并非表示“能力”，而是表示“允許”，所以只能用“mustnt”；后句表示“可能會(huì)傷著你自己”，故用 may。,5. - Are

5、you coming to Jeffs party? - Im not sure. I _ go to the concert instead. ( N 2000) A. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might 6. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? (2001上海春季) A. canB. shouldC. mayD. must,D,A,此句的關(guān)鍵在于“Im not sure”，既然不能肯定，只能是一種“可能性”。,此句的意思為

6、：“Bush 先生總是很守時(shí)，他怎么可能在出席開(kāi)幕儀式時(shí)遲到呢？“ can 在否定句或疑問(wèn)句中表示“可能性”。,7. - Is John coming by train? - He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. (N 2002) A. mustB. canC. needD. may 8. - I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter. - It _ true because there was little snow there. (N 2002北京) A. ma

7、y not beB. wont be C. couldnt beD. mustnt be,D,C,此句的關(guān)鍵是“He likes driving his car.” can 和 may 都可用于否定句中，cant 表示“根本不可能”，語(yǔ)氣很強(qiáng)；may not 表示“也許不可能”，語(yǔ)氣較弱。,couldnt 的語(yǔ)氣比 cant 弱。,B. 對(duì)過(guò)去動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的推測(cè) Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm. (N1993) A. have told B. tell C. be tellingD. having told 2. I

8、 told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her. (N 1994) A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out,A,C,ought to 相當(dāng)于 should；此句的關(guān)鍵是“He meant no harm”，顯然指的是過(guò)去的事。,should have written 意指“本該寫(xiě)但實(shí)際上并沒(méi)有寫(xiě)”。,3. - There were already 5 people i

9、n the car but they managed to take me as well. - It _ a comfortable journey. (N 1995) A. cant beB. shouldnt be C. mustnt have beenD. couldnt have been 4. Susan_ written a report like this. (1995上海) A. can haveB. mustnt have C. cant haveD. ought to not have,D,C,此句談?wù)摰氖沁^(guò)去的經(jīng)歷，故 A、B 不合題意；must 表示判斷和推測(cè)只能用在

10、肯定句中。,該句的意思為 Susan 不可能寫(xiě)出這樣的報(bào)告來(lái)。ought to have done 的否定式為 ought not to have done。,5. Jack _ yet, otherwise he would have phoned me. (N 97) A. mustnt have arrivedB. shouldnt have arrived C. cant have arrivedD. neednt have arrived 6. - I stayed at a hotel while in New York. - Oh, did you? You_ with Barb

11、ara. (N 1998) A. could have stayedB. could stay C. would stayD. must have stayed,C,A,此句的關(guān)鍵是后半句，“otherwise he would have phoned me”，此處為省略了條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示“如果到了他會(huì)打電話給我的”，由此可見(jiàn)，他肯定沒(méi)到。,此句并不表示判斷，而是一個(gè)虛擬語(yǔ)氣。,4. shall; should 的特殊用法 1. It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the pape

12、rs have been collected. (2002上海) A. canB. willC. mayD. shall 2. Its nearly 7:00. Jack _ be here at any moment. (N 95) A. mustB. needC. shouldD. can,D,C,該句的意思為：“通知說(shuō)所有的考生必須坐在位置上直到考卷收完了才能離開(kāi)?！笨忌谖恢蒙喜荒苡谩澳軌?、將要、可以”來(lái)表示。而 shall 在第二、三人稱(chēng)里面表示一種“命令、警告、承諾”等。,3. - When can I come for the photos? I need them tomor

13、row afternoon. - They _ be ready by 12:00. (N 1998) A. canB. shouldC. mightD. need 4. You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. (2001上海) A. mightB. needC. shouldD. would,B,C,此句應(yīng)是店主對(duì)顧客的承諾。,should 與 how; why 等表示疑問(wèn)或否定的詞連用時(shí)，用來(lái)表示一種驚奇的心情，意思為“居然、竟然”,5. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的應(yīng)答 1. - Shall I tell

14、 John about it? - No, you _. Ive told him already. (N 1994) A. needntB. wouldntC. mustntD. shouldnt 2. - Could I call you by the first name? - Yes, you_. (1998上海) A. willB. couldC. mayD. might,A,C,此句的關(guān)鍵是“Ive told him already”，由此可見(jiàn)，你就不必再對(duì)他說(shuō)了。,在回答 “Could I ”這類(lèi)婉客氣的請(qǐng)求時(shí)，只能回答“Yes, you can 或 may”。不能用 could

15、 或 might。,3. - Will you stay for lunch? - Sorry, _. My brother is coming to see me. (N 1999) A. I mustntB. I cantC. I needntD. I wont 4. - Write to me when you get home. - _. (2001北京春季) A. I mustB. I shouldC. I willD. I can,B,C,此句的關(guān)鍵是 “My brother is coming to see me.” 所以我不能在這兒吃飯。,在回答對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求或命令時(shí)，應(yīng)該用 “Yes, I will.”而不能使用 would 或 should。,6. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的其它一些用法 I wonder how he _ that to the teacher. (1996上海) A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say 2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. (N 1997) A. had toB. wouldC. w