現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)

1、現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ),-ing分詞作狀語(yǔ)可以表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。,現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ),While Reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一邊看書(shū)，一邊不時(shí)地點(diǎn)頭。 After having dinner, she went out for a walk. 吃完晚飯，她出去散步。 。,Because Not knowing his address, I cant send this book to him. If working hard, youll succeed. Though getting up early

2、, he didnt catch the bus.,ing分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。如： His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父親死了，留給他許多錢(qián)。She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. 她非常生氣，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。,-ing分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中間，表示主語(yǔ)的另一個(gè)、較次要的動(dòng)作。如： They stood there for half an hour watching the sta

3、rs in the sky. 他們?cè)谀莾赫玖税胄r(shí)，觀察著天上的星星。Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly. 年輕人跟在老人的后面開(kāi)始慢慢地走起來(lái)。,1、分詞 (短語(yǔ)) 作狀語(yǔ)時(shí), 前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作的主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人。 、分詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，前面可以加上連詞或介詞。（when ;while; if ; though; unless 等） 3、分詞的否定形式是在分詞短語(yǔ)前面加上 not, never等否定詞構(gòu)成。,使用- ing形式需注意的2個(gè)問(wèn)題.,注意2：如果分詞和句子沒(méi)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，則不能用單個(gè)的分詞作狀

4、語(yǔ)，可以用分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或狀語(yǔ)從句,現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)為名詞或代詞分詞，名詞或代詞是分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ) Time permitting, Ill call on you this Sunday. He entering the office, a letter was found on the ground.,分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),在少數(shù)情況下,其邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不一致,分詞用來(lái)修飾全句 Judging from his accent, he seemed to be from Hunan province. =If we judge,Considering his age, he was hel

5、ped by the young fellow.,注意：,現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必修與主句中主語(yǔ)一致。它們之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。被動(dòng)則用V-ed. 但是短語(yǔ) generally speaking; judging from/by; compared with; supposing; to tell you the truth,considering等是固定搭配。不受主語(yǔ)影響。 Judging from his face, he was very angry.,現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)有四種形式 1.一般形式，由動(dòng)詞原形ing構(gòu)成 2.完成形式，由having+過(guò)去分詞 3.進(jìn)行被動(dòng)式：由being過(guò)去分

6、詞 4.完成被動(dòng)式：由having been過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成 現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式是在一般式和完成式的 前面加not (never),1.現(xiàn)在分詞何時(shí)用一般形式?,當(dāng)分詞的動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ)發(fā)出，而且和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，則用分詞的一般形式 He was ill and didnt attend the meeting. =Being ill, he didnt attend the meeting.,如果分詞表示的是一個(gè)極短暫的動(dòng)作,這動(dòng)作一發(fā)生,謂語(yǔ)表示的動(dòng)作立即發(fā)生,也用分詞的一般形式. Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.,2.現(xiàn)在分詞何時(shí)用完成形式？

7、,當(dāng)分詞的動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ)發(fā)出，而且發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，則用分詞的完成形式 Having finished the class, she went home. =After she finished the class,3.現(xiàn)在分詞何時(shí)用進(jìn)行被動(dòng)式？,當(dāng)分詞的動(dòng)作由主語(yǔ)承受，而且分詞的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí) Being criticized by the employer, the new employee hung his head.,4.現(xiàn)在分詞何時(shí)用完成的被動(dòng)式？,當(dāng)分詞表示的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，且分詞表示的動(dòng)作由主語(yǔ)承受 Having been praised for his

8、 job, Tom worked harder.,3、用V+ing一般式 還是Having+done完成 式，要看前后兩個(gè)動(dòng)作有沒(méi)明顯的先后順 序，在可能引起誤解的場(chǎng)合應(yīng)該用完成式 現(xiàn)在分詞表示先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。,可以表示時(shí)間, 原因, 結(jié)果, 條件, 行為方式或伴隨動(dòng)作等。,1).Using your head, youll find a good way. Working hard, youll surely succeed.,條件狀語(yǔ),If you use your head,If you work hard,2). Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV se

9、t. Not knowing her address, we cant get in touch with her.,(原因),Because he was poor,As we dont know her address,3). Walking in the street, I saw a tailors shop. 4). His father died, leaving the family even worse off.,時(shí)間,When I was walking in the street.,結(jié)果,and this left the family even worse off,5)

10、Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. = Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way. 6) He came running back to tell me the news.,伴隨狀語(yǔ),方式,2. 作狀語(yǔ)的V-ing形式和句子之間通常有一個(gè)逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，不能用并列連詞。 Studying hard, and you will pass the entrance examination to college. Studying h

11、ard, you will pass the entrance examination to college. Study hard, and you will pass the entrance examination to college.,F,T,T,1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city mor

12、e beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.,Not having,working,Seeing,speaking,單句改錯(cuò),5. “Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. 7. European football is played in 80 countries, m

13、ade it the most popular sport in the world.,pointing,Knock,making,1. The stranger said something in a _ voice and the little girl was very much _. A. frightening, frightened B. frightened, frightening C. frightening, frightening D. frightened, frightened,Choose the best answer.,2. _the piano, someon

14、e suddenly knocked at the door. A. Playing B. When I was playing C. Repairing D. Examining,3. Mother caught the boy _ in the corner. A. smoke B. to smoke C. being smoked D. smoking,4. _ the programme, they have to stay there for another 2 weeks. A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having compl

15、eted D. Having not completed,5. “We cant go out in this weather”, said Bob, _ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked,6. Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in,7. The bell _ the end of the period rang

16、, _ our heated discussion. A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interrupting C. indicating; interrupted D. indicated; interrupted,8. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered,9. He looked around and cau

17、ght a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting,10. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing,11. _in

18、 the queue for half an hour. Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited,12. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. Having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung,13. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be tak