英語主語從句講解

1、定語從句：形容詞性從句 在句子中起定語（形容詞）的作用 The book that I bought yesterday is lost. 名詞從句： 在句子中起名詞的作用 主語謂語賓語 單個(gè)名詞單個(gè)名詞 一組詞構(gòu)成從句（主語從句） 一組詞構(gòu)成從句（賓語從句）,1主語從句；subject（謂語之前） 2賓語從句；object（謂語之后） 3表語從句；predicative（系動(dòng)詞之后） 4同位語從句 appositive(名詞之后）,引導(dǎo)詞： That, whether, if , who, what , where, when , why, how,whoever, whatever,.,W

2、hether he will come or not is a question It is obvious that he will win the game. That he will go to London surprised us The fact is that she never liked him. I hope that you can pass the exam. He thought it strange that she passed the exam. The fact that he failed the exam shocked us. Who will go m

3、akes no difference. That is why he was late for school.,主語從句,Whether he will come or not is a question That he will go to London surprised us It is obvious that he will win the game. That 在句首引導(dǎo)的主語從句 他是最好的學(xué)生，這是很明顯的 it 做形式主語的主語從句 it is + adj + 引導(dǎo)詞從句 it is + n + 引導(dǎo)詞從句 it is + Ved + 引導(dǎo)詞從句 It is still a

4、question whether / if he will come It is unknown which team will win the game. It is strange that he should like her. It turned out that/ it is said/ reported/ believed that It doesnt matter whether It must be pointed out that,主語從句不能將if放句首,what 與that 在引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)的區(qū)別 what 引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，如主語、賓語、表語，而tha

5、t 則不然。What引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般不可改為含形式主語的句子。例如： 1) What you said yesterday is right. 2) That she is still alive is certain.,It is right what you said yesterday.,It is certain that she is still alive.,._ I cant understand is why he has changed his mind. ._ the earth is round is known to us all. 歸納：,What,That,連詞_

6、在從句中不作成分，不含有疑問意義，而_在從句中作成分，,that,what,1）_ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 2)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter,高考題選萃,賓語從句,I hope that you can pass the exam. He thought it strange that she passed

7、 the exam. it 做形式賓語的賓語從句 我們把餐前洗手當(dāng)成一個(gè)規(guī)則 我們覺得很奇怪你竟然喜歡他， We make it a rule that we should wash our hands before meals. We think it strange that you should like him.,1.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full A. it B. that C. these D. them 2. I feel _ strange that he should be so careless. A. /

8、B. it C. that D. how 3. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. Awhile B. that Cif DFor 4._ need further discussion whether we will buy the house or not. That B. this C. it D. the thing. 5. I will see to _ that all the lights are turned off. A. It B. this C. / D. them.,表語從句,The fact is tha

9、t she never liked him. That is why he was late for school. 表語從句中不用if , 但可以用as if 引導(dǎo) He looks as if he was going to cry.,同位語從句,同位語位于名詞的后面，補(bǔ)充說明名詞的內(nèi)容，同位語與其前的詞或短語表達(dá)的是同一事物。如： The fact that she is ill should be considered.,The news that our team has won the match is true. His delay is due to the fact that

10、 the car went wrong halfway.,同位語從句,同位語從句一般跟在名詞fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea,answer,information,doubt, knowledge, hope, law, opinion, plan, suggestion后面, 用以說明或解釋前面的名詞.,The Differences Between Appositive clauses and Attributive Clauses,怎樣區(qū)別 同位語從句與定語從句,同位語從句與定語從句的不同之處,1、從句的作用不同：同位語從

11、句用來進(jìn)一步 說明前面名詞的內(nèi)容；定語從句用來修飾、 限定前面的名詞。,e.g. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. The news that you told us is really encouraging.,（從句說明“消息”的內(nèi)容：我們隊(duì)取得了決賽勝利。）,從句對(duì)“消息”加以限定：是你告訴我們的，而非來自其他渠道。但消息是何內(nèi)容卻不得而知。）,2、引導(dǎo)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞that的功能不同：that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)是一個(gè)純連詞，不充當(dāng)任何成分；而引導(dǎo)定語從句的that是關(guān)系代詞，既指代先行詞又須在從句中

12、充當(dāng)成分。,e.g.1) Dad made a promise that he would buy me CD player if I passed the English test. 2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children.,（that 不充當(dāng)任何成分,從句是個(gè)完整句子）,（that指代promise，又在從句中充當(dāng)主語。）,3、that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)是一個(gè)純連詞，故 不能用which替換；而that引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)是 代詞，常可以和另一關(guān)系代詞which替換。,e.g. The fact that he is from Can

13、ada is new to me. The fact that surprised me is that he is not Chinese.,（that不可換為which）,（第一個(gè)that可換為which）,4、引導(dǎo)同位語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，除that外，還可 以根據(jù)句義使用任何其它疑問代詞或副詞； 而定語從句不可用what, how, whether等引導(dǎo)。,e.g. I had no idea at all what I should do next. There is no proof whether he was killed by others.,Practice,His propos

14、al that we go there on foot is acceptable. Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online. 3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom. 4. Do you have any idea where we will be sent? 5. Is this the company where your father works? 6. This is the reason t

15、hat he gave for his absence. 7. He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.,1. The news _ another power station will be built cheered all the villagers. A which B that C what D whatever 2 The news _ he told us is exciting. Which of the following is wrong? A what B C which D that,Exercises,

16、B,A,II. Choose the best answer,1.They expressed the hope _they would come over to China. A. which B. that C. whom D. when 2.The fact_ he didnt see Tom yesterday is true. A. that B. which C. when D. what 3.I have no idea _he will come back. A. where B. when C. what D. that,B,A,B,4.The news _ surprise

17、d everybody yesterday now proves to be false. A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that 6.Word has come _ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. what B. whether C. th

18、at D. which,A,C,C,_ 等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句不含有疑問意義，相當(dāng)于名詞后加一個(gè)定語從句，而 _等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句都含有疑問意義。,Whoever,whatever,Who, what,What , who VS whatever, whoever,3.選擇填空（what,whatever,who,whoever,1._ was said here must be kept secret. 2. _we need is more time. 3._ made the long distance call to him is not important. 4._ breaks the law will