中學動詞講解及時態(tài)分析.ppt

1、中學動詞講解及時態(tài)分析,動詞的構成,be 動詞 助動詞 情態(tài)動詞 系動詞 實義動詞,be 動詞,be動詞的幾種形式 am is are was were being Been,be動詞的用法,與名詞、數詞、形容詞、介詞連用 I am a doctor. He is ten. They are tired. The cat is under the table.,be動詞的用法,There be 句型 用于不可數名詞和可數名詞單數之前 There is a pen on the desk. There is some water in the glass. 用于復數名詞之前 There are

2、some sheep in the hill. 用于一般將來時 There is going to be a film in our school next Sunday. 用于一般過去時 There was a book on the desk yesterday. 注意：請根據時態(tài)和句中的名詞選擇適當形式。,be動詞的用法,Be 動詞在時態(tài)中的運用 在現在進行時中 We are talking. 在過去進行時中 We were talking at this time yesterday.,助動詞,助動詞的幾種形式 do /dont Does/ doesnt Did/ didnt will

3、 /wont have havent /has hasnt/had hadnt,助動詞的用法,對句子進行否定和疑問 Do you get up early every day? I didnt have lunch yesterday. Will you be back soon? He hasnt finished the work yet. 在反意疑問句中 He works in a school, doesnt he? She has never been there,has she? 在倒裝句中 They helped the farmers , so did we. I wont v

4、isit the famous singer,neither will he.,情態(tài)動詞,共同特點 情態(tài)動詞后面跟動詞原型 無論否定、疑問、倒裝句、或反意疑問句都用情態(tài)動詞 只有時態(tài)變化，沒有人稱變化,情態(tài)動詞,解釋 can / could 在表示請求允許的時候兩者和互換， could比can語氣更委婉。 Can I help you? Could you open the window? 在表示有能力作某事時，could是can的過去式。 I can swim. I could swim at the age of five.,情態(tài)動詞,解釋 Must /have to Must 表示主觀意

5、愿，否定句用Mustnt，否定回答用neednt I must go now. You mustnt play in the street. Must I clean the room now? No,you neednt. have to表示客觀條件的限制的“不得不”，它有時態(tài)和人稱變化，需要助動詞來否定和疑問。 I dont have to carry the big box. He had to wash his clothes.,情態(tài)動詞,解釋 May 表示請求別人允許。 May I use your bike? 表示可能性。 He may be a teacher. He may l

6、ive in this building.,系動詞,我們所學過的系動詞是 Get，turn，be come，be動詞 感觀動詞look，sound，smell，taste，feel 系動詞只和形容詞連用，構成系表結構 I feel hungry. The day gets longer and longer. He looked happy.,實義動詞,實義動詞指的是有具體行為意思的動詞。 實義動詞在句中可以做謂語動詞和非謂語動詞。 做謂語動詞的用法 動詞會有四種形式：單三，現在分詞，過去式，過去分詞,實義動詞,注意：掌握四種形式的變化規(guī)律 He works in the office. We

7、 are dancing together. I caught a cold last week. She has watered the flower.,實義動詞,做非謂語動詞的用法（指出現在謂語動詞之后的動詞，它受前面謂語動詞的限制） 動詞會有三種形式： 原型(do) 動名詞(doing) 不定式(to do),實義動詞,用原型： let sb.do make sb.do help sb.(to)do had better do,實義動詞,用動名詞： like doing enjoy doing finish doing 介詞之后用動名詞 be good at doing what abo

8、ut doing thank you for doing,實義動詞,用不定式： want to do decide to do plan to do would like to do learn to do tell sb.( not)to do ask sb.(not) to do,實義動詞,注意下列詞不同形式的不同用法: remember doing/to do forget doing/to do stop doing/to do go on doing/to do,時態(tài),一般現在時 一般將來時 一般過去時 現在進行時 現在完成時 過去進行時 過去將來時 過去完成時,一般現在時,表示一般

9、情況和經常發(fā)生的動作。 時間狀語為 every day 或 every 引導的時間狀語 often，always，usually,一般現在時,動詞碰到第三人稱單數時，要加 “s” work - works 輔音字母和“y”結尾的詞，如carry - carries 以s、x、ch、sh結尾的加“es”，如wash - washes go - goes do - does have - has,一般現在時,例句 He goes to school on foot every day. We often have supper at home. She doesnt do her work eve

10、ry Sunday.,現在進行時,表示正在發(fā)生的動作。 時間狀語：now /Look /Listen 由be動詞動詞ing構成 動詞變化加ing clean - cleaning 以不發(fā)音“e”結尾的，去掉字母“e”，再加ing make - making 重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫最后一個字母，再加ing swim - swimming,現在進行時,例句 The boys are playing now. Look! They are planting trees. Listen! He is singing.,一般將來時,表示將來發(fā)生的動作。 時間狀語： next 引導的詞組 tomorrow

11、 引導的詞組 the day after tomorrow 動詞變化：will + 動詞原型 例句 I will visit you tomorrow. He wont come back next week.,一般過去時,指過去發(fā)生的動作或事情 時間狀語： yesterday 引導的詞組 ago 引導的詞組 last 引導的詞組 the day before yesterday,一般過去時,動詞變化：動詞變成過去式，動詞加“ed” Play - played 輔音字母和“y”結尾的詞，如carry - carried 重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫最后一個字母，再加ed stop - stopped

12、 不規(guī)則動詞見書后動詞表,一般過去時,例句 He bought a book yesterday. I watched a match last week. He left here two days ago.,現在完成時,動詞變化 動詞變成過去分詞加ed Play - played 輔音字母和“y”結尾的詞，如carry - carried 重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫最后一個字母，再加ed stop - stopped 不規(guī)則動詞見書后動詞表 動詞由have（has）+ 過去分詞 構成,現在完成時,表示動作已經完成 He has left . I have already had a rest.

13、 表示動作不僅已經完成，還要持續(xù)（在這個用法當中，動詞要用延續(xù)性動詞，與for引導的一段時間和since引導的短語連用） He has been away for two days. I have already taught in this school since 1990. The bird has been dead for a month. We have made lots of friends since we came here.,過去進行時,指在過去的某一個時間正在發(fā)生的動作。 時間狀語 at this time yesterday at five oclock yesterday afternoon 動詞由be動詞+動詞ing形式構成 例句 He was watching TV at this time yesterday.,過去將來時,指對過去的某一個時間來講，將要發(fā)生的動作。 動詞由would+動詞原型構成。 例句 He would go to the