Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars 語言點(diǎn)（教師版）

1、Book3 Unit 4學(xué)案 Warming upLanguage points【原句1】In our solar _ eight planets circle around the sun. 在我們的太陽系中有八顆行星圍繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。1). _ n.c 系統(tǒng)；體系；制度；方法 _ adj 有系統(tǒng)的; 有條理的Eg: He introduced us a well-designed railway system. The economic system affects the whole countries.Under the new system, people love our countr

2、y.(1) The _ _ (教育系統(tǒng)) operates very differently in the US and China.(2)太陽系包括太陽和它的八顆行星。_(3) 在新制度下，農(nóng)民工(migrant workers)將受益很多。_systematic educational system The solar system includes the sun and its eight planets.Under the new system, migrant workers will benefit a lot. Reading一語法填空（根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成短文） No one k

3、nows how the earth began, as it happened so long ago. However, according to a 1._(wide) accepted theory, the universe began 2. _ a Big Bang that threw matter in all directions. After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies. For several years after the Big Bang, the ear

4、th was still just a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. The earth became so violent 3. _it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. It exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time

5、to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, 4._ were to make the earths atmosphere. 5._ is even more important is that as the earth cooled low, water began 6._ (appear) on its surface. Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, 7._ the earth, it had disappeared later. It

6、was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the 8._(develop) of life. What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. This produced 9._ chain reaction, which made 10._ possible fo

7、r life to develop. widely, with, that, which, What, to appear, unlike, development,a, it2 Language points: 【原句1】However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe _ a Big Bang that threw matter in all directions. 然而，一種普遍為人們所接受的理論是：宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，這次大爆炸將物質(zhì)投射到四面八方。1). _ 從/以開始Eg:The party began/st

8、arted with a song. He began/started the party with a song. To begin/start with, we must apologize to our teacher for being late.搭配歸納：_從/以開始 _以/從開始_ 首先，第一點(diǎn)(1) _, pets are good friends of many lonely people, especially the old.(2)His speech _ a poem. 他以一首詩開始他的演講。(句型轉(zhuǎn)換)= _begin/start with begin/start s

9、th with to begin/start with To begin with began/started with He began/started his speech with a poem.【原句2】The earth became so _ that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.2) . _ 猛烈的，激烈的，暴力（引起）的 _ n. 暴力行為，暴行 _ adv. 強(qiáng)烈地，激烈地Eg：There was a violent wind. Students were involved in violent c

10、lashes with the police.Whatever happens, we will never use violence.(1) The robbers bit them_, and they couldnt bear it any more so they decided to answer _ with _ and began their _ fight back.(2) 孩子不被允許看暴力電影。_violent violence violently violently violence violence violent Children are not permitted

11、to watch violent movies.【原句3】 They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth s atmosphere.它(地球)巨大的爆炸噴出了烈火與巖石。最終產(chǎn)生了水蒸氣、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多種氣體，從而形成了地球的大氣層。3). _ 及時(shí)；最終；遲早 _ 按時(shí)，準(zhǔn)時(shí) Eg: He will come on time even though it rains. The naughty boy play tric

12、ks on the old man all the time. We are glad that we can finish the task ahead of time. He tells lies at times. 歸納搭配： _ 一直；始終；老是 _提前 _ 有時(shí) (1) I have kept on thinking about that _.(2) The bus is usually_, but it was late this morning. (3) We were just _ for the bus.(4) _I make mistakes when I speak En

13、glish.(5) According to the rule, you cant leave school _on time all the time, ahead of time, at times, all the time ,on time, in time, At times, ahead of time【原句4】Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, _ the earth, it had disappeared later. 水也出現(xiàn)在像火星那樣的其他行星上，但和地球不同，其他行星上的水后來都消失了。4).

14、_ prep./adj.不像,與不同 adj._不太可能的，未必發(fā)生的Eg: Unlike her sister, she is lazy. Its unlikely that it will rain tomorrow. She dislikes dogs, so she has a violent dislike for dogs.搭配歸納：_ vt./n. 不喜歡，討厭(1) They are so _ that nobody believes they are sisters.(2) We _ being talked about.(3) 和他哥哥不一樣，他不喜歡冒險(xiǎn)。_unlike

15、unlike dislike unlike dislike Unlike his brother, he dislikes taking a chance. 【原句5】This produced a chain reaction, which _ for life to develop.這就產(chǎn)生了一系列的反應(yīng)，使得生命有可能開始發(fā)展了。5)Eg: We made/consider/believe it our duty to support good leaders. 我們覺得支持好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)是我們的職責(zé)。 I find/feel/think/ it difficult to solve the

16、problem. 歸納: find/consider/believe/find/feel/think + _(形式賓語) +_/_(賓語補(bǔ)足語）+ 動(dòng)詞不定式, 真正的賓語是后面的_。(1)My father _ (發(fā)現(xiàn)很奇怪）to dress up as a clown.(2)I _ (認(rèn)為好）to keep a balanced diet.(3)We _ (規(guī)定）to get up at 6 oclock every morning.(4)我覺得和他友好相處是一個(gè)大問題._made it possible it n./adj. it 不定式 found it strange feel/th

17、ink/find/consider it good make it a rule I feel/think/consider/find it a big problem to get along well with him. 【原句6】They laid eggs too and _ on the earth for more than 140 million years.它們也生蛋，在地球上生存了1.4億年。6). _ vi. 存在；有 _ n.Eg: Its impossible for them to exist on such a small income. The earth exi

18、sts in the universe. Do you know when the earth come into existence?歸納搭配：_ 靠某物生存 _ 存在于某地方_ 出現(xiàn)，產(chǎn)生, 開始存在(1) They cant _ the money hes earning.(2) This hole _ since ancient times.(3) 這個(gè)問題也存在農(nóng)業(yè)里。_exist existence exist on exist + prep. come into existence exist on has come into existence This problem exi

19、sts in agriculture as well.【原句7】Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.于是他們接著成為這個(gè)行 星上最重要的動(dòng)物。 7 ). _ 輪到某人；接著 Eg: We clean the classroom in turn. = We take turns to clean the classroom. It is my turn to clean the classroom. The little boy laughed and cried by tu

20、rns. 搭配歸納：_輪流；一個(gè)接著一個(gè) _輪流（做某物）_輪到某人做某事了 _輪流；一陣一陣 (1)My mother went hot and cold _ _.(2)我們輪流著開車。_(3)今天輪到誰發(fā)了?_ in turn take turns (to do sth.) Its ones turn to do sth. by turns by turns We drove the car by turns / in turn. = We took turns to drive the car. Whose turn is it to give a speech today?【原句8】H

21、ow life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve. 地球上的生命是如何起源的,這是科學(xué)家們覺得最難解決的一個(gè)謎團(tuán)。8). _ n.謎；難題 vt.&vi. (使)迷惑；(使)苦思 _adj.感到困惑的(心理變化） _adj.令人費(fèi)解的（物的特點(diǎn)）Eg: The question puzzles us. They try their best to solve a puzzle. He is puzzling about/over a math problem.歸納搭配

22、：_ 某事使某人迷惑/為難 _解決一個(gè)難題_對(duì)某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索（以便理解） (1)She listened with a _ (puzzle) expression on her face.(2)He felt _ because of the _the situation.(3)I spent hours _ the theme of the poem .(4) 她的回答把我弄糊涂了。_ puzzle puzzled puzzling sth. puzzles sb. solve a puzzle puzzle about/over sth. puzzled puzzled puzzl

23、ing puzzling over Her reply puzzled me. Using language【原句1】As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the_ of the earths gravity. 1). _ vt. 拉（力）；拖；n. 牽引力，拉力 Eg: Horseswere used to pull the plough(拉犁)in this village. A pull on the rope will ma

24、ke the bell ring.(1)I cant have him _ my hair all the time.(2)The tides depend on _(月亮引力作用）.pulling the pull of the moon【原句2】I_ immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger. 我立刻感到很高興，由于失重我在太空艙里飄來飄去，我望著（身后的）地球越來越小，而（前方的）月球越來越

25、大。2) . _ (使)高興起來，（使某人）感到高興Eg: Your visit has greatly cheered him up.(1) When I promised to help him, _(他立即高興起來）。(2) 這個(gè)消息使他的父母感到高興。_he cheered up at once. The news made his parents cheer up. /the news cheered his parents up./ his parents cheered up at the news.【原句3】But when I tried to step forward, I

26、 found I was carried _ far _ on the earth and fell over.而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步的時(shí)候,我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠(yuǎn),步子的跨度竟是地球上的兩倍，因而3). _ 是的兩倍Eg: My swimming pool is twice as large as his. 我的游泳池是他的兩倍。My swimming pool is twice larger than his. 我的游泳池比他的大兩倍。（是他的三倍）My swimming pool is twice the size of his. 我的游泳池的規(guī)模是他的兩倍。歸納：英語常見倍數(shù)的表示句型：倍數(shù)+ _ + _+ as 是的幾倍倍數(shù)+ _+ than 比(多/大)幾倍倍數(shù)+ _ +表示長度/高度/寬度等的名詞+ _ 是的長度/高度/寬度幾倍注意：此結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的名詞有：size, height, weight, length, width depth等。其中“兩倍”用_, 三倍或三倍以上用_ 詞+ times表達(dá)。(1) The library is so big that it contains _(兩倍的書）as that one.(2) The room is _ (比寬四倍）than the