英語議論文寫作課件.ppt

1、,英語書面表達(dá),English Composition Writing,What makes a good essay?,The essay,A good essay is usually made up of a topic paragraph, some supporting paragraphs and a concluding paragraph.,Topic paragraph Supporting Paragraph 1 Supporting Paragraph 2 Supporting Paragraph 3 Concluding paragraph,To many studen

2、ts, school life is boring and tiring. However, I find my school life meaningful and colourful.,Topic paragraph (Introduction paragraph) General statement Topic statement,Supporting Paragraphs (Body) Paragraphs,TS SS SS SS SS,Conclusion Personally, in conclusion, in brief, From what has been discusse

3、d above, we may draw the conclusion that . In summary, it is wiser .,The paragraph,What makes a good paragraph?,A good paragraph is one that consists of a topic sentence and supporting sentences.,There are different kinds of bee. Some live in large groups like the honey bee, and make their nests in

4、trees or holes in the rocks. Other species make their nests in holes in the ground. There are also varieties that do not live in groups at all,topic sentence,Wherever you go in our school, you see green lawns and trees and beautiful flowers. Dotted among these trees and flowers are many buildings of

5、 different styles. A stream runs through our school and you always see everything reflected in the water.,Topic sentence:_,just like a garden.,Our school is,just like a garden.,Our school is,A good paragraph is one that contains proper linking words. I believe English is more important than other fo

6、reign languages for many reasons. First of all, English is spoken by a large number of people, and these people are the most widely spread across the world in a great many countries. Secondly, English is the most widely used language on the internet. It has become an on-line language. Thirdly, the 2

7、008 Olympic Games will be held in our country and English will be very useful. Lastly, ,正確使用有關(guān)連接詞,時(shí)間先后：,轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：,but, however, on the contrary, nevertheless,因果關(guān)系：,because, since, as, thanks to, owing to, as a result of, for the reason that,讓步關(guān)系：,though, although, even if, even though, in spite of the f

8、act that,遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：,條件關(guān)系：,表 列 舉：,表 總 結(jié)：,whats more, in addition, furthermore on the one hand on the other hand,if, unless, as long as, on condition that ,for example / instance, takefor example, thats to say, in other words, as follows,in short, in brief, in conclusion, in a word, on the whole, as has be

9、en stated,first, then, later, in the end, eventually, since then, after a while,豐富的句式：(常用到的句型結(jié)構(gòu)） 利用不同的句型來表達(dá)同一個(gè)意思， 能增加文章的文采。,e.g. What a kind boy he is! How disappointed he was !,感嘆句,強(qiáng)調(diào)句,e.g. It was this young boy that helped the old granny. I do hope you can come if possible.,A good paragraph is one

10、 with varied sentence patterns.,e.g. Only in this way can you solve this problem. There comes the police car. Hardly had they got to the station when they met the young man.,e.g. They read while walking or riding on a bus. Come to me if necessary.,e.g. I saw a young lady walking slowly in the street

11、 with a handbag in her hand.,倒裝句,省略句,with短語,e.g. In my opinion, cyber cafes should be a place where we can find much useful information. Lets come to the main teaching building, at the back of which stands the school library.,定語從句,e.g. Thats what I should do. We should do a favour to whoever needs h

12、elp at present.,各種名詞性從句,e.g. Time passed quickly before we knew it. The moment we reached the farm, we got down to harvesting. So long as we work harder at our lessons, well catch up sooner or later.,各種狀語從句,應(yīng)用了較多的詞匯,這里所說的“詞匯”，可以從高級詞匯的使用、同義詞的使用、短語的使用等方面去理解： （一）高級詞匯的使用評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第五檔次的要求中提到，“詞匯方面有些許錯(cuò)誤，但為盡力使用較

13、復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級詞匯所致”。這里所說的“高級詞匯”，指的是大綱中沒有列入或沒有識(shí)記要求，但在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中卻出現(xiàn)比較頻繁的詞匯，比如frustration, awkward, awfully, concern等詞，都可以算作是“高級詞匯”?？忌裟軌蜻m當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用一些高級詞匯，定會(huì)給評卷老師留下深刻的印象。,1.I cant find any way to solve the problem. (換作高級詞匯： I cant find any solution to the problem .)2.The pet dog is so lovely that almost everybody likes

14、 her. (換作高級詞匯：)The pet dog is so cute that almost everybody likes her. 3.The question is really difficult to understand. (換作高級詞匯： The question is really confusing .)4.He had to face all the possible difficulties. (換作高級詞匯： He had to cope with all the possible difficulties ),（二）同義詞的使用,英語中有些詞的使用頻率非常高，比

15、如interesting, clever等，在表達(dá)時(shí)大家都很喜歡用，這樣很容易令文章入千人一面的窘境中。但如果我們能夠使用它們相應(yīng)的同義詞，就可以做到與眾不同，給評卷者帶來清新的感覺。例如：,1.It will be very interesting. (換作同義詞：It will be a lot of fun.) 2.He was so clever that he could count all the way up to 100 at one year old. ( 換作同義詞：He was so smart that he could count all the way up to

16、100 at one year old.) 3.Last summer I visited New Jersey with my parents. (換作同義詞：Last summer I toured New Jersey with my parents.),（三）適當(dāng)利用短語取代單詞總體而言，使用短語的難度比單詞要大一些，因此適當(dāng)運(yùn)用短語更能顯出作者的功力。例如：,1.Suddenly I had a good idea. (換作短語：Suddenly I came up with a good idea.) 2.Take a moment to see what is happening

17、 around you. (換作短語：Take a moment to see what is going on around you.)3.Everyone should do his or her best. (換作短語：Everyone is supposed to do his or her best.),1. To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.（使用名詞性從句） 2. Though Im weak, Ill make the effort. (使用倒裝句) 3. He did not know what had

18、 happened until he had read the news in the newspaper.(使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型) 4. I passed the physics exam because of your help.(用虛擬語氣）,What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.,Practice 怎樣使用較豐富的句式和高級詞匯,Weak as I am, Ill make the effort.,It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper

19、 that he knew what had happened.,I couldnt have passed the physics exam but for your help.,5. She walked out of the lab and many students followed her. (使用過去分詞) 6. They sang and laughed as they went back to school.( 使用V-ing形式) 7.I wont believe what he says. （no matter what狀語從句） 8.If you study hard,

20、you will make rapid progress. （祈使句+and）,Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.,Singing and laughing, they went back to school.,No matter what he says, I wont believe.,Study hard and youll make rapid progress.,9He had no sooner come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad. (使用倒裝句) 10

21、.We all think he is a great man. (think highly of) 11.As a result the plan was a failure. (turn out) 12. When he spoke, he felt more and more excited. (the morethe more),No sooner had he come back from Beijing than he was sent abroad.,We all think highly of him .,The plan turned out to be a failure.

22、,The more he spoke, the more excited he felt.,Summary:,A good essay is usually made up of a topic paragraph, some supporting paragraphs and a concluding paragraph.,A good paragraph is one that consists of a topic sentence and supporting sentences.,A good paragraph is one that contains proper linking

23、 words.,A good paragraph is one with advanced vocabulary and varied sentence patterns.,Lets improve it:,Good afternoon, everyone! The topic of my speech today is “My Attitude to Pursuit of Fashion in School”. Now in our school there is a hot pursuit of fashion. Some students live a very expensive li

24、fe _. _, they hope to look smart and special. _, they want to win others admiration and respect. In addition, it makes them feel cool . _, we students should hold the right sense of values. We should practice thrift in our daily life . _ , it is advisable for us to donate some pocket money to the Ho

25、pe Project so that those poor children in rural areas can return to school._, it is the inner beauty rather than our appearance that makes us respectable. Thank you for listening!,the reasons why they do so are as follows B. firstly C. last but not least D. whats more E. as far as I am concerned F.

26、Secondly,A,B,C,D,E,F,【作文答題技巧、答題方法】,STEP1：確定文章框架，包括：時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、格式、展開方式、開頭結(jié)尾等。 STEP2：確定內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，包括：主要人物、時(shí)間地點(diǎn)、重要細(xì)節(jié)、合理發(fā)揮等。 STEP3：正式開始寫作，整理思路成篇，行文連貫。 STEP4：檢查全文，主要檢查語法以及粗心犯下的錯(cuò)誤。,高考英語寫作高分策略,1. 作文的卷面； -整潔的卷面 2. 文章的語言； -豐富的詞匯 3. 行文的流暢； -流暢的結(jié)構(gòu) 4. 文章的思想； -獨(dú)到的見解,考場作文TIPS,取悅評卷人 有清晰的整體脈絡(luò) 有自然的段間銜接 經(jīng)典的用詞用句 有整齊美觀的書寫 潤色文章原則

27、用詞“老辣” 用句經(jīng)典: 倒裝、強(qiáng)調(diào)、虛擬 名人名言,蘇州市2009屆高三教學(xué)調(diào)研測試,最近，國家教育部要求中小學(xué)生參加冬季長跑活動(dòng)：建議小學(xué)生每天跑1000米，初中生1500米，高中生2000米。對此，有些人表示支持，有些人表示反對。請你根據(jù)以下材料，寫一篇以“Should we give more attention to students health or grades?”為題的短文，談?wù)勀愕目捶ā?注意：1詞數(shù)150左右。短文的開頭已為你寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)； 2對所給要點(diǎn)，逐一陳述，設(shè)當(dāng)發(fā)揮，不要簡單翻譯。,1.A good beginning makes a good ending

28、. 2.Your composition should be divided into paragraphs. 3.Youd better use some linking words. 4.Handwriting is of great importance.,Suggestions:,第一段： 1.Some people agree to NO. One, because they usually think that .In the meantime , . In addition. 2.Some people think that A is right because . 3.Some

29、 people suggest / say that . At the same time they point out the fact that.Whats more. 4.Some people prefer NO. One. In their opinion A . In addition .,第二段： 1.On the other hand, some people hold that B is right. They think . 2.But many more people dont agree with them. They prefer B. They say that.T

30、he reason is that. 3.On the contrary, some people hold that . 4.Some people think that B is better. It is clear that. Whats more, .Also. 在第一段和第二段中一定要用原因或列舉等方式展開段落。,第三段：提出自己的見解并且加以論證 1.In my opinion B is better than A. There is no doubt that . 2.I support A. The reason goes as follows. 3.As far as I

31、am concerned, I agree to the latter. First.Second. Finally. 4.It is likely that people will go on arguing over these questions. I think that everything has both its positive and negative sides. We should keep an open mind.,5.People will continue to argue over the questions, I think wed better keep a

32、n open mind because everything has two sides. It all relies on. 6.Of these two ways of .I prefer.First of all,. Second,.,Should we give more attention to students health or grades? The Ministry of Education of China has urged all the students to participate in the winter long-distance running activi

33、ty. It is suggested that primary school students should run 1,000 meters a day, junior school students, 1,500 and senior school students, 2,000.Different people always offer various views. Some people say yes to this activity. They think, for one thing, it can make people pay more attention to physical educati